Chapter I: Part 1

WEATHER
CROPS ^{AND} MARKETS

Published Weekly by the
United States Department of Agriculture

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═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ WASHINGTON, D. C. AUGUST 5, 1922. VOL. 2, NO. 6 ═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

EXPORT BUTTER DEMAND CAUSES MUCH INTEREST
Sales to United Kingdom Strengthened Early Summer Market—Shift in
England’s Supply Sources.

A demand for American butter by English buyers had a materially strengthening effect on the early summer market in the United States. This generally unexpected export demand has called forth various explanations in the attempt to determine the probability of continued demand from that source.

An analysis of the international butter trade of the past 10 years indicates that a change not yet generally realized has taken place in the seasonal trend of imports of butter into the United Kingdom, which largely accounts for this demand in anticipation of an autumn shortage. This change is due to the shift that took place during the war in the sources of supply of that greatest of all butter-importing countries.

SUPPLY WAS UNIFORM.

Prior to the war the United Kingdom obtained its butter supply from such widely scattered sources in both the Northern and the Southern Hemispheres that the supply was remarkably uniform from month to month throughout the year. During the war, when supplies available from continental Europe and Russia were reduced, Australia, New Zealand, and Argentina were encouraged to expand their dairy industry, and have together since that time continued as the most important sources of supply of butter on the British markets.

As the flush of production in Australia, New Zealand, and Argentina occurs during the fall and winter months when production is lightest in North America and Europe, England now receives an average of two-thirds of the total supply of foreign butter during the winter and spring, whereas formerly but one-half was received during this period.

Although consumption does not necessarily follow the same seasonal trend as the imports, it is a fact, according to reports of London dealers, that butter stocks are now lower than at the same time last year, when at least 50,000,000 lbs. of Government stocks still remained unsold in England. With comparatively light stocks and the certainty that imports into England after July can not be as heavy as during the first six months, a speculative demand has been stimulated in that country in anticipation of an expected autumn shortage.

Although butter production since the war has recovered rapidly in practically all of the important dairy countries, Russia is still out of the world’s market. The cutting off of the Russian exports to England, which amounted to 150,000,000 lbs. annually from 1909 to 1913, was the greatest single factor in bringing about, this change in the seasonal supply of the latter country.

The present statistical position of the United States is, therefore, somewhat misleading, unless due consideration is given to

(Concluded on page 111, column 2.)

IN THIS ISSUE.

╔═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗ ║ Page.║ ║=Crop Reports= 106║ ║ Condition of cotton crop on July 25. Truck crop reports. ║ ║ ║ ║=Live Stock and Meats= 107║ ║ Nearly all classes sold at lower levels. Fresh meat markets ║ ║ were slow. ║ ║ ║ ║=Dairy and Poultry= 110║ ║ Butter markets weakened under heavy supplies. Cheese prices ║ ║ were lower. Monthly report on condensed and evaporated, and ║ ║ powdered milk markets. ║ ║ ║ ║=Fruits and Vegetables= 112║ ║ Shipments continued liberal. White potato prices slumped. ║ ║ Most other lines steady to firm. ║ ║ ║ ║=Grain= 114║ ║ Wheat prices continued downward trend. Cash corn fairly ║ ║ steady. ║ ║ ║ ║=Hay and Feed= 115║ ║ Hay demand was dull. Feed prices were easier for most kinds. ║ ║ ║ ║=Seeds= 116║ ║ Reports on Kentucky bluegrass, orchard grass, and meadow ║ ║ fescue seed crops. ║ ║ ║ ║=Cotton= 117║ ║ Prices declined slightly. Weather reports a factor. ║ ║ ║ ║=Weather= 118║ ║ Weather favored growth of most crops. ║ ╚═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝

COTTON CROP CONDITION 70.8 PER CENT NORMAL
Loss Amounts to 0.4 Per Cent During Past Months—Total Output Estimated
at 11,449,000 Bales.

The condition of the cotton crop on July 25 was 70.8% of normal, according to the estimate made by the U. S. Department of Agriculture on Aug. 1. Compared with the condition of 71.2% on June 25, this shows a decrease in condition of 0.4% for the month. The average condition of the cotton crop on July 25 for the past 10 years stands at 73% of normal.

A condition of 70.8% of normal on July 25 this year forecasts a yield per acre of about 157.2 lbs. and a total production of about 11,449,000 bales of 500 lbs. gross weight each. The final outturn may be larger or smaller than this amount, of course, depending upon whether or not the conditions that develop during the remainder of the season prove more or less favorable to the crop than such conditions ordinarily prove.

Condition of the Cotton Crop on July 25, with Comparisons.

[100 = normal.]

───────────────┬───────────────────────┬───────┬───────┬─────────────── State. │ │ June │ July │ │ │ 25, │ 25, │Change, June 25 │ July 25. │ 1922. │ 1922. │ to July 25. ───────────────┼───────┬───────┬───────┼───────┼───────┼───────┬─────── │10‒yr. │ │ │ │ │10 yr. │ │ av. │ 1920 │ 1921 │ │ │ av. │ 1922 ───────────────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼─────── Virginia │ 81│ 74│ 82│ 85│ 80│ 0│ ‒5 North Carolina │ 77│ 77│ 75│ 76│ 78│ ‒1│ +2 South Carolina │ 73│ 77│ 62│ 60│ 60│ ‒2│ 0 Georgia │ 71│ 68│ 59│ 58│ 54│ ‒3│ ‒4 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Florida │ 71│ 64│ 60│ 75│ 65│ ‒5│ ‒10 Alabama │ 69│ 67│ 58│ 68│ 70│ ‒5│ +2 Mississippi │ 72│ 71│ 68│ 76│ 74│ ‒4│ ‒2 Louisiana │ 70│ 71│ 59│ 69│ 70│ ‒7│ +1 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Texas │ 72│ 74│ 62│ 72│ 72│ ‒6│ 0 Arkansas │ 76│ 78│ 76│ 80│ 81│ ‒3│ +1 Tennessee │ 78│ 76│ 75│ 83│ 85│ 0│ +2 Missouri │ 80│ 81│ 80│ 92│ 90│ 0│ ‒2 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ Oklahoma │ 77│ 85│ 68│ 76│ 75│ ‒2│ ‒1 California │ 95│ 85│ 83│ 91│ 95│ +2│ +4 Arizona │ [1]90│ 85│ 89│ 85│ 86│ [1]+1│ +1 New Mexico │ │ 85│ 88│ 85│ 85│ │ 0 ───────────────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼─────── United States │ 73.0│ 74.1│ 64.7│ 71.2│ 70.8│ ‒3.9│ ‒0.4 ───────────────┴───────┴───────┴───────┴───────┴───────┴───────┴───────

Last year the production was 7,953,641 bales, two years ago 13,439,603 bales, three years ago 11,420,763 bales, four years ago 12,040,532 bales, and five years ago 11,302,375 bales.

The 1922 acreage of Egyptian type cotton is estimated at 80,000 acres in Arizona and less than 1,000 acres in California. In 1921 Arizona had 75,000 acres and California 9,000 acres, while in 1920 the estimate for Arizona was 200,000 acres and for California 45,000 acres.

The department’s estimate of cotton acreage in cultivation on June 25, which was made public on July 3, remains unchanged at 34,852,000 acres because the acreage abandoned before that date was excluded. A great decrease in cotton acreage followed the high acreage of 1920, which was 37,043,000 acres, because of the disastrous break in prices to growers in that year.

The accompanying table gives detailed information on the condition of the cotton crop on July 25, by States, together with comparisons.

Paradox in Forecast Yield of Crop per Acre as Indicated by Condition.

A crop may deteriorate in condition during a growing month and yet its yield per acre as forecast by a computation based on the lowered condition may increase. In the average of crop experiences during the growing period a certain crop declines in condition during a certain month by a certain percentage of a normal condition.

For instance, the cotton crop has a record of a deterioration of 3.9% of a normal condition from June 25 to July 25 in the average of the last 10 years. As a matter of fact, however, during this period in 1922 the deterioration in the condition of the cotton crop was only 0.4%. This is clearly a relative improvement because it is less than the usual deterioration of 3.9%. Hence the yield per acre in the forecast for July 25 must be greater than in the forecast made a month earlier, notwithstanding the absolute decline in condition.

* * * * *

=Apple-tree tent caterpillars= are very numerous in New England and New York this year. Farther south these pests are noticeably less numerous than usual.

Report on Cabbage, Celery, and Onions in Michigan.

Reports from the field service of the U. S. Department of Agriculture for the date of July 25 concerning commercial cabbage, celery, and onions in Michigan contain the following information:

_Cabbage._—Five counties in southern Michigan have about 1,285 acres of commercial cabbage compared with last year’s area of 590 acres, or an increase of 118%. The counties and their cabbage areas are: Ingham 160 acres, Eaton 225 acres, Jackson 67 acres, Hillsdale 233 acres, and Branch 600 acres. The principal increases over 1921 are in Hillsdale and Branch Counties. The crop is generally in excellent condition.

In Hillsdale County, Jonesville has 200 acres, of which 130 acres are under contract; Mosherville has 13 acres for kraut; and Litchfield has 20 acres. In Branch County, Quincy has approximately 250 acres of commercial cabbage, of which 170 acres are under contract: and Coldwater has about 350 acres, with 60% under contract. The kraut plant in Coldwater will be in operation this year. Baroda, in Berrien County, has 60 acres of cabbage and Niles, in the same county, 40 acres for kraut.

In northern Michigan, Saginaw County has 1,400 acres of commercial cabbage, 300 acres of which are under contract.

_Celery._—The combined area of commercial celery in Lenawee, Cass, Allegan, and Kent counties is 1,005 acres, an increase of 450 acres over 1921. Lenawee County has 117 acres, Cass 118 acres, Allegan 170 acres, and Kent 600 acres. The crop is in excellent condition.

_Onions._—Allegan County has about 603 acres of commercial onions, or 88% more than in 1921. The Gull Swamp section (Martin, Gull Plain, Shelbyville, Hooper) has approximately 550 acres. Other acreages are: Wayland 8 acres, Dorr 25 acres, Herps 20 acres. The condition of the crop in Allegan County is above average. Kent County has an onion acreage about the same as last year’s.

* * * * *

=Florida watermelons= were widely distributed this season. Some shipments went as far as San Francisco, Portland, Seattle, Vancouver, B. C., and other Canadian points.

INTERMEDIATE ONION CROP ESTIMATED AT 6,753 CARS
Early and Intermediate Crops Forecast at 13,605 Cars—Acreage Increased
in Late States.

The production of commercial onions in the seven intermediate shipping States is forecast at 6,753 cars of 500 bus. each, compared with a production in 1921 of 4,472 cars, according to estimates of the U. S. Department of Agriculture for July 15. These intermediate States are: New Jersey, Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky, Iowa, Texas, and Washington.

New Jersey leads the intermediate States with an indicated production of 1.613 cars, and following in order are Washington with 1,566 cars, Texas with 1,092 cars, Iowa with 1,062 cars, Kentucky with 600 cars, Virginia, with 560 cars, and Maryland with 260 cars.

The commercial onion crop in the intermediate and early States combined is forecast at 13,605 cars, each car of the early crop containing 530 bus. and of the intermediate crop 500 bus. In 1921 the harvest of early and intermediate onions totaled 10,287 cars.

About 38,000 acres have been planted to late commercial onions, compared with about 35,000 acres in 1921, according to the department’s estimates. The condition of the late commercial onion crop was 83% of normal on July 15. This condition is about average.

The accompanying tables give detailed information, by States, on the early and intermediate crops and the late crop.

Acreage and Forecast of Production of Commercial Onions in Intermediate and
Early States.

──────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────── State. │ Acreage. │ Yield per acre. │ Production. ──────────────┼──────────┬────────┼────────┬──────────┼──────────┬────────── │Harvested,│Planted,│Average,│Indicated,│Harvested,│Forecast, │ 1921 │ 1922 │ 1921 │ 1922 │ 1921 │ 1922 ──────────────┼──────────┼────────┼────────┼──────────┼──────────┼────────── │ _Acres._ │_Acres._│ _Bu._ │ _Bu._ │_Cars._[2]│_Cars._[2] Iowa │ 1,200│ 1,600│ 202│ 332│ 485│ 1,082 Ky. │ 1,000│ 1,000│ 324│ 300│ 648│ 600 Md. │ 500│ 500│ 250│ 260│ 250│ 260 N.J. │ 2,400│ 2,400│ 239│ 336│ 1,147│ 1,613 Tex. │ 1,000│ 1,500│ 275│ 304│ 550│ 1,092 Va. │ 800│ 1,000│ 280│ 280│ 448│ 560 Wash. │ 1,300│ 1,500│ 363│ 522│ 944│ 1,566 ──────────────┼──────────┼────────┼────────┼──────────┼──────────┼────────── Total │ │ │ │ │ │ intermediate│ │ │ │ │ │ States │ 8,200│ 9,500│ 273│ 355│ 4,472│ 6,733 Early States │ │ │ │ │ │ previously │ │ │ │ │ │ reported[3] │ 13,500│ 16,000│ 228│ 227│ 5,815│ 6,852 ──────────────┼──────────┼────────┼────────┼──────────┼──────────┼────────── Total, │ │ │ │ │ │ intermediate│ │ │ │ │ │ and early │ │ │ │ │ │ States │ 21,700│ 25,500│ 245│ 275│ 10,287│ 13,605 ──────────────┴──────────┴────────┴────────┴──────────┴──────────┴──────────

Acreage and Condition of Commercial Onions in Late States.

───────────┬───────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────── State. │ Acreage. │ Condition (100=normal). ───────────┼──────────┬────────┼───────┬───────┬───────┬───────┬─────── │ │ │July 1,│ │ │ │ July │Harvested,│Planted,│ 7‒yr. │July 1,│June 1,│July 1,│ 15, │ 1921. │ 1922. │ av. │ 1921. │ 1922. │ 1922. │ 1922. ───────────┼──────────┼────────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼─────── │ _Acres._│_Acres._│_P.ct._│_P.ct._│_P.ct._│_P.ct._│_P.ct._ Calif., │ │ │ │ │ │ │ central │ │ │ │ │ │ │ dist. │ 7,800│ 6,500│ 90│ 89│ 100│ 90│ 95 Colo. │ 800│ 1,500│ 80│ 91│ 90│ 88│ 91 Idaho. │ 100│ 300│ 89│ 94│ 88│ 94│ 98 Ill. │ 1,100│ 1,300│ 89│ 79│ 75│ 82│ 79 Ind. │ 3,698│ 1,600│ 78│ 73│ 77│ 73│ 83 Mass. │ 4,500│ 4,600│ 83│ 73│ 78│ 79│ 75 Mich. │ 1,300│ 1,700│ 79│ 65│ 86│ 89│ 88 Minn. │ 1,300│ 1,300│ 88│ 89│ 85│ 95│ 90 N. Y. │ 7,300│ 8,300│ 75│ 78│ 86│ 74│ 68 Ohio │ 5,100│ 5,800│ 79│ 73│ 98│ 88│ 88 Oreg. │ 900│ 900│ 78│ 80│ 100│ 73│ 79 Pa. │ 300│ 400│ 81│ 93│ 100│ 95│ 95 Utah │ 100│ 100│ 93│ 94│ 96│ 91│ 90 Wis. │ 1,000│ 1,000│ 81│ 82│ 96│ 90│ 86 ───────────┼──────────┼────────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼───────┼─────── Total │ 35,200│ 38,300│ 82│ 80│ 89│ 82│ 83 ───────────┴──────────┴────────┴───────┴───────┴───────┴───────┴───────

_Live Stock ^{and} Meats_
NEARLY ALL CLASSES OF LIVE STOCK SELL AT LOWER LEVELS
Price Ranges on Beef Steers Widen—Heavy Hogs Break Sharply—Sheep Prices
Irregular.

Practically all classes of live stock sold lower during the week ending July 29. In beef steer trade the general decline was assisted materially by the heaviest run of native, western, and Canadian grassers of the season. Downturns of mostly 25¢ at Chicago and of 50¢-$l at some Missouri River markets were apparent on the more common descriptions. As supplies of western grassers increased, the supply of long-fed bullocks decreased and as the latter were sought by all interests, the widest price range of the season on beef steers was created at all markets.

Hog prices fluctuated sharply, closing Chicago values being 25¢‒50¢ lower on mixed grades and heavy packers, and 40¢‒55¢ on good butcher hogs compared with the close of the previous week. Much of the supply at Omaha and a good percentage of the run at Chicago and some other markets consisted of heavy sows and mixed packing grades, and these pulled the general average down to the lowest levels since early in February.

SHEEP TRADE ERRATIC.

Trade in fat sheep and feeding lambs was erratic, with closing prices highest of the week but showing an irregular basis compared with the previous week’s close.

Receipts at 10 large markets for the week were approximately 199,000 cattle, 502,000 hogs and 195,000 sheep, compared with 215,357 cattle, 452,902 hogs, and 244,517 sheep the previous week, and 166,112 cattle, 398,424 hogs, and 199,137 sheep the corresponding week last year.

_Cattle._—Receipts of grassers from native territory, range States, and Canada, assumed the largest proportions of the season. Short-feds also were numerous, and long-fed matured beef steers and yearlings correspondingly scarce. Canadians were unusually numerous at St. Paul and Chicago for so early in the season, the July supply at the former market up to July 27 standing at 5,800 as compared with 988 for the corresponding period a year ago. The collapse of cattle values in Canadian provinces was an incentive for shipping across the border.

Canadians and Dakotas were generally in poor flesh and turned at $4.75‒$6.50, killers taking a few at the latter price. Oklahoma and Texas grass steers invaded Kansas City and St. Louis in liberal numbers, and sold largely within a spread of $4.25‒$7, many quarantine steers, grading as cutters, selling around $4.25‒$4.75. Kansas pasture cattle were well represented at Kansas City, and winter grass steers of good weight and condition sold there upward to $8.75 or slightly higher. A few lots of Utah and California steers arrived at Omaha. Bulk of grass steers sold there at $6‒$7.25, a large proportion of the far western steers being in feeder flesh. One lot of Montana steers showing breeding quality and good killing flesh brought $8.75 at that market from a producer. This lot met good packer competition, and the relatively high sale price indicated the plainness of the early run of grassers in general.

Long-fed matured bullocks, averaging 1,443 lbs. reached $10.80 at Chicago and best long yearlings topped at $10.50, the premium of heavy steers over yearlings continuing in evidence. Sales above $10.25 were comparatively scarce, bulk of beef steers at Chicago being of quality and flesh to sell at $8.50‒$10. At that point few bullocks that had received even a sparse corn ration on grass sold under $8, but common native and western grassers cashed well below that figure.

PRODUCERS IN MARKET.

The influx of westerns augmented the stocker and feeder supply and producers took more notice of their pasture and feed lot needs than recently, insisting, however, on lower prices except on kinds of high quality. A spread of $5.50‒$6.50 absorbed the majority of stockers and light feeders at Chicago, a few heavy feeders reaching $7.50, while good feeders commanded $7.25‒$7.75 at Kansas City, most of the desirable stockers bringing $6.50‒$7 at that market. Common light stock steers descended to $4.50 and lower in instances there and at St. Louis.

She stock offerings were comparatively scarce, and flesh condition for the most part was plain to medium. Highly finished kosher cows maintained $8‒$8.50 levels and above at Chicago, corn-fed yearling heifers selling in line with steers of a similar finish. In-between grades of beef cows and heifers lacked dependable outlet, generous runs of low grade grass steers at river markets being a weakening influence. Bulk of fat cows and heifers at Chicago brought $5‒$7.25. Canners displayed strength, few healthy descriptions selling there below $3.

Bulls closed largely 25¢ lower; desirable heavy bolognas cashed upward to $4.75‒$4.85 early at Chicago, but descended to around $4.50, heavy beef bulls sharing the decline. Reduced arrivals of veal calves at Chicago somewhat counteracted the effect of slump conditions in the dressed market and values advanced 25¢‒50¢, packers taking desirable vealers at the close at Chicago at $9.50‒$10, these interests as well as small killers paying upward to $10.50 for specialties.

_Hogs._—Although receipts at Chicago were moderate, being about the same as in the preceding week, those at western points

(Concluded on page 109, column 1.)

MODERATE RECEIPTS OF MOST MEATS IN EXCESS OF DEMAND
Prices Generally Lower on Beef, Veal, Lamb, and Mutton—Heavy Pork Loins
Also Lower.

(Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Chicago.)

Moderate receipts of beef, veal, lamb, and mutton were in excess of the limited demand and prices were generally lower for the week ending July 28. Heavy pork loins were weak to lower with other classes steady to higher, except at New York, where all averages shared in the decline.

_Beef._—Moderate receipts of beef at eastern markets found a limited outlet. Good and choice grades of steers were not plentiful, but were neglected in favor of poorer grades as prices were given more consideration than quality. The demand for chucks and rattles showed some improvement, and prices on these were relatively firmer than on other cuts. Cows were mostly of medium and common grades and were hard to move. At Chicago the assortment of steer beef was good, but prices weakened under a narrow demand. Few desirable cows were available, most of the supply having consisted of the poorer grades.

PRICES UNEVEN AT CLOSE.

Compared with the close of the preceding week. Boston was about steady, New York unevenly 50¢-$3 lower, Philadelphia $1‒$2 lower, and Chicago $1 lower. Cows were weak to $1 lower at Boston, $l-$2 lower at New York and Philadelphia, and 50¢ lower at Chicago. Receipts of bulls were light, and prices closed steady to $1 higher at Boston, steady to $1 lower at New York, and 25¢‒50¢ lower at Chicago, with very few on sale at Philadelphia. Kosher beef trade was slow, and prices closed around $1 lower at New York and unchanged elsewhere.

_Veal._—Except at Boston the demand for veal at eastern markets was poor after the early part of the week, and prices declined daily. At that market western dressed receipts and local slaughter were light and demand fair. At Chicago the fairly liberal offerings were too great for the slow demand, and the market had a weak undertone. Compared with the close of the preceding week, Boston was steady to $1 lower. New York $2‒$3 lower, Philadelphia $2‒$4 lower, and Chicago $1 lower.

DAILY AVERAGE WEIGHT AND COST OF HOGS, WEEK ENDING JULY 29, 1922.

[Price per 100 pounds.]

────────────┬──────────┬──────────┬──────────┬──────────┬────────── Market. │ Mon. │ Tues. │ Wed. │ Thurs. │ Fri. ────────────┼────┬─────┼────┬─────┼────┬─────┼────┬─────┼────┬───── │Wt. │Cost.│Wt. │Cost.│Wt. │Cost.│Wt. │Cost.│Wt. │Cost. ────────────┼────┼─────┼────┼─────┼────┼─────┼────┼─────┼────┼───── Chicago │ 259│$9.73│ 269│$9.52│ 252│$9.45│ 267│$9.25│ 266│$9.24 E. St. Louis│ 200│10.70│ 198│10.71│ 218│10.36│ 203│ 9.96│ 205│10.03 Kansas City │ 212│10.24│ 217│ 9.96│ 217│ 9.76│ 219│ 9.49│ 200│ 9.55 Omaha │ 261│ 9.06│ 273│ 8.81│ 280│ 8.46│ 273│ 8.20│ 273│ 8.32 St. Joseph │ 233│ 9.71│ 233│ 9.75│ 233│ 9.50│ 246│ 9.16│ 250│ 9.04 S. St. Paul │ 277│ 8.45│ 282│ 8.62│ 281│ 8.30│ 269│ 8.10│ 279│ 8.14 ────────────┴────┴─────┴────┴─────┴────┴─────┴────┴─────┴────┴─────

────────────┬──────────┬──────────┬──────────┬─────────── Market. │ Sat. │ This wk. │ Last wk. │1 yr. ago. ────────────┼────┬─────┼────┬─────┼────┬─────┼────┬────── │Wt. │Cost.│Wt. │Cost.│Wt. │Cost.│Wt. │Cost. ────────────┼────┼─────┼────┼─────┼────┼─────┼────┼────── Chicago │ 277│$9.24│ 263│$9.44│ 261│$9.53│ 252│$10.35 E. St. Louis│ 199│10.22│ 202│10.33│ 199│10.66│ 201│ 11.33 Kansas City │ 216│ 9.36│ 217│ 9.85│ 217│ 9.95│ 228│ 10.47 Omaha │ 281│ 8.43│ 274│ 8.54│ 265│ 9.00│ 265│ 9.54 St. Joseph │ 234│ 9.32│ 238│ 9.45│ 238│ 9.67│ │ S. St. Paul │ 256│ 8.25│ 277│ 8.32│ 271│ 8.50│ 257│ 9.32 ────────────┴────┴─────┴────┴─────┴────┴─────┴────┴──────

The above prices are computed on packer and shipper purchases.

RECEIPTS, SHIPMENTS, AND LOCAL SLAUGHTER, WEEK ENDING JULY 29, 1922.

───────────────┬─────────────────────────────── Markets. │ Cattle and calves. ───────────────┼─────────┬──────────┬────────── │ │ │ Local │Receipts.│Shipments.│slaughter. ───────────────┼─────────┼──────────┼────────── Chicago │ 61,949│ 14,367│ 47,582 Denver[4] │ 6,041│ 4,923│ 1,937 East St. Louis │ 26,146│ 13,103│ 14,721 Fort Worth[4] │ 21,089│ 7,681│ 10,727 Indianapolis[4]│ 8,341│ 4,727│ 4,194 Kansas City │ 58,679│ 26,973│ 29,574 Oklahoma City │ 10,258│ 5,108│ 4,902 Omaha │ 25,524│ 10,795│ 14,060 St. Joseph[4] │ 8,388│ 2,344│ 5,548 St. Paul[4] │ 35,933│ 19,472│ 15,369 Sioux City │ 12,746│ 7,336│ 4,314 Wichita[4] │ 7,415│ 3,739│ 2,614 ───────────────┼─────────┼──────────┼────────── Total │ 282,509│ 120,568│ 155,542 Previous week │ 298,028│ 106,244│ 182,957 ───────────────┴─────────┴──────────┴──────────

───────────────┬─────────────────────────────── Markets. │ Hogs. ───────────────┼─────────┬──────────┬────────── │ │ │ Local │Receipts.│Shipments.│slaughter. ───────────────┼─────────┼──────────┼────────── Chicago │ 141,033│ 30,301│ 110,732 Denver[4] │ 6,151│ 60│ 5,885 East St. Louis │ 54,947│ 25,404│ 25,941 Fort Worth[4] │ 5,472│ 746│ 3,926 Indianapolis[4]│ 44,242│ 15,360│ 28,561 Kansas City │ 39,383│ 10,627│ 27,387 Oklahoma City │ 7,835│ 695│ 8,028 Omaha │ 72,894│ 18,668│ 54,144 St. Joseph[4] │ 40,712│ 6,822│ 31,942 St. Paul[4] │ 30,560│ 3,616│ 24,224 Sioux City │ 45,910│ 17,483│ 27,478 Wichita[4] │ 9,915│ 136│ 9,271 ───────────────┼─────────┼──────────┼────────── Total │ 499,054│ 129,918│ 357,519 Previous week │ 443,027│ 112,557│ 330,482 ───────────────┴─────────┴──────────┴──────────

───────────────┬─────────────────────────────── Markets. │ Sheep. ───────────────┼─────────┬──────────┬────────── │ │ │ Local │Receipts.│Shipments.│slaughter. ───────────────┼─────────┼──────────┼────────── Chicago │ 69,291│ 19,002│ 50,289 Denver[4] │ 10,743│ 1,958│ 1,698 East St. Louis │ 21,991│ 4,597│ 13,814 Fort Worth[4] │ 5,055│ 3,871│ 997 Indianapolis[4]│ 4,400│ 1,693│ 2,202 Kansas City │ 17,871│ 4,067│ 12,453 Oklahoma City │ 407│ 80│ 295 Omaha │ 57,645│ 26,612│ 27,353 St. Joseph[4] │ 9,264│ 2,908│ 6,396 St. Paul[4] │ 5,982│ 883│ 5,048 Sioux City │ 1,060│ 333│ 544 Wichita[4] │ 544│ │ 373 ───────────────┼─────────┼──────────┼────────── Total │ 204,253│ 66,004│ 121,462 Previous week │ 239,860│ 52,840│ 172,547 ───────────────┴─────────┴──────────┴──────────

_Lamb._—The lamb market showed daily declines at eastern markets and Chicago after opening firm to higher on Monday. Receipts were fairly liberal and demand poor. Supplies accumulated, although some lamb was put in the freezers. Compared with the close of the preceding week, Boston and New York were $1‒$3 lower, Philadelphia $2‒$3 lower, and Chicago $1‒$2 lower.

_Mutton._—The bulk of the moderate receipts of mutton at eastern markets was undesirable because of weight and excessive finish. Prices were also influenced by the drop in lamb values, and daily declines were the rule. At Chicago offerings consisted largely of heavy ewes and bucks, but prices showed little change. Compared with the close of the preceding week, Boston, New York, and Philadelphia were $2‒$4 lower, with Chicago unchanged.

_Pork._—Fresh light loins were seasonally scarce and relatively firmer in price than heavier averages. Receipts of fresh loins were light, but there was an ample supply of the frozen product on sale. Compared with the close of the preceding week, Boston and Philadelphia were steady to $1 higher except on heavy loins, which were weak to $1 lower with some sales off more. New York closed unevenly $2‒$5 lower, and Chicago steady to $1 higher.

Wool Imports at Two Ports.

Imports of wool through the port of Philadelphia during the week ending July 29 amounted to 417,226 lbs., valued at $77,165. Imports through the port of Boston during the same week amounted to 2,774,745 lbs., having a valuation of $878,563, and in addition there was received through the port of Boston 48,776 lbs. of camels’ hair, valued at $11,986 and 244,767 lbs. of mohair having a valuation of $56,581.

CHICAGO WHOLESALE PRICES OF CURED PORK AND PORK PRODUCTS.

[Per 100 pounds.]

────────────────────────────────┬────────────┬────────────┬──────────── │ July 28.│ July 21.│ June 30. ────────────────────────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼──────────── Hams, smoked, 14‒16 average │$26.00‒28.50│$27.00‒29.50│$28.00‒29.50 Hams, fancy, 14‒16 average │ 29.50‒31.50│ 30.00‒32.00│ 31.00‒33.00 Picnics, smoked, 4‒8 average │ 17.00‒19.00│ 17.00‒19.00│ 17.00‒19.50 Bacon, breakfast, 6‒8 average │ 25.00‒28.00│ 24.00‒28.00│ 25.00‒27.50 Bacon, fancy, 6‒8 average │ 32.00‒36.00│ 32.00‒35.50│ 32.00‒35.00 Bellies, D. S., 14‒16 average │ 15.50‒16.00│ 15.50‒16.00│ 16.00‒17.00 Backs, D. S., 14‒16 average │ 12.00‒13.50│ 12.00‒13.50│ 12.00‒13.00 Pure lard, tierces │ 13.00‒14.25│ 12.00‒13.25│ 12.50‒14.00 Compound lard, tierces │ 12.75‒14.00│ 12.50‒14.00│ 12.75‒14.00 ────────────────────────────────┴────────────┴────────────┴────────────

New Zealand’s Production of Butter and Cheese for Export Increases.

The production of butter for export in New Zealand during the nine months ending Apr. 30 amounted to 102,637,920 lbs., compared with 71,412,650 lbs. during the corresponding period ending Apr. 30, 1921. The production of cheese for export during the nine months ending Apr. 30, was 133,579,600 lbs., compared with 118,628,490 lbs. for the same period of 1920‒21.

These figures show an increase of 44% in the production of butter and 12.6% in the production of cheese. The above figures relate only to the quantities produced and graded for export and do not include the amounts intended for local consumption.

LIVE STOCK PRICES, TUESDAY, AUGUST 1, 1922.

[Per 100 pounds.]

─────────────────────────────────┬────────────┬────────────┬───────────
│ │ East St. │ Kansas
│ Chicago.│ Louis. │ City.
─────────────────────────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼───────────
CATTLE. │ │ │
Beef steers: │ │ │
Medium and heavy (1,101 lbs. │ │ │
up)— │ │ │
Choice and prime │$10.00‒10.75│$10.00‒10.50│$9.85‒10.50
Good │ 9.10‒10.00│ 9.25‒10.00│ 8.90‒ 9.85
Medium │ 8.15‒ 9.10│ 7.50‒ 9.25│ 7.60‒ 8.90
Common │ 6.65‒ 8.15│ 5.50‒ 7.50│ 6.40‒ 7.60
Light weight (1,100 lbs. │ │ │
down)— │ │ │
Choice and prime │ 9.85‒10.65│ 9.75‒10.50│ 9.65‒10.25
Good │ 9.00‒ 9.85│ 9.00‒ 9.75│ 8.65‒ 9.65
Medium │ 8.00‒ 9.00│ 7.50‒ 9.00│ 7.25‒ 8.65
Common │ 6.50‒ 8.00│ 4.75‒ 7.50│ 5.50‒ 7.25
Butcher cattle: │ │ │
Heifers, common-choice │ 5.15‒ 9.00│ 6.00‒10.00│ 4.75‒ 8.85
Cows, common-choice │ 4.10‒ 8.15│ 4.00‒ 6.25│ 3.85‒ 6.75
Bulls, bologna and beef │ 4.00‒ 6.50│ 3.75‒ 6.25│ 3.50‒ 5.50
Canners and cutters: │ │ │
Cows and heifers │ 2.85‒ 4.10│ 2.50‒ 4.00│ 2.35‒ 3.85
Canner steers │ 3.50‒ 5.25│ 3.25‒ 4.00│ 3.00‒ 4.25
Veal calves: │ │ │
Light and med. wt., │ │ │
med.-choice │ 9.00‒10.50│ 6.50‒10.00│ 6.25‒ 9.25
Heavy weight, common-choice │ 4.00‒ 8.00│ 3.50‒ 7.50│ 4.00‒ 8.25
Feeder steers: │ │ │
1,001 lbs. up, common-choice │ 5.50‒ 7.65│ 5.75‒ 7.50│ 6.15‒ 8.40
750‒1,000 lbs., common-choice │ 5.50‒ 7.65│ 4.75‒ 7.50│ 6.10‒ 8.35
Stocker cattle: │ │ │
Steers, common-choice │ 4.75‒ 7.65│ 3.50‒ 7.50│ 4.60‒ 8.10
Cows and heifers, │ │ │
common-choice │ 3.50‒ 5.75│ 3.00‒ 5.50│ 3.25‒ 5.85
Calves— │ │ │
Good and choice │ │ │ 6.75‒ 7.75
Common and medium │ │ │ 4.00‒ 6.50
HOGS. │ │ │
Top │ 10.75│ 10.75│ 10.20
Bulk of sales │ 8.10‒10.65│ 10.25‒10.65│ 9.00‒10.10
Heavy wt. (251 lbs. up), │ │ │
common-choice │ 9.80‒10.30│ 9.25‒10.25│ 9.00‒ 9.75
Med. wt. (201‒250 lbs.), │ │ │
common-choice │ 10.20‒10.65│ 10.15‒10.70│ 9.75‒10.05
Light wt. (151‒200 lbs.), │ │ │
common-choice │ 10.50‒10.70│ 10.60‒10.75│ 9.70‒10.20
Light lts. (131‒150 lbs.), │ │ │
common-choice │ 10.25‒10.65│ 10.50‒10.75│ 9.60‒10.10
Packing sows (250 lbs. up), │ │ │
smooth │ 8.00‒ 8.65│ 7.75‒ 8.00│ 7.50‒ 7.85
Packing sows (200 lbs. up), rough│ 7.25‒ 8.00│ 7.60‒ 7.75│ 7.25‒ 7.50
Pigs (150 lbs. down), │ │ │
common-choice │ 9.75‒10.40│ 10.00‒10.60│
Stock pigs (130 lbs. down) │ │ 9.75‒10.25│ 9.75‒10.50
SHEEP. │ │ │
Lambs: │ │ │
84 lbs. down, medium-choice │ 11.50‒12.75│ 11.00‒12.25│10.25‒13.00
Culls and common │ 7.50‒11.25│ 5.50‒11.00│ 6.00‒10.00
Feeding lambs │ 11.50‒12.50│ │
Yearlings, wethers, medium-prime │ 8.50‒11.00│ 8.00‒10.75│ 7.00‒10.50
Wethers, medium-prime │ 6.00‒ 8.75│ 5.50‒ 8.25│ 6.25‒ 8.25
Ewes: │ │ │
Medium, good, and choice │ 3.25‒ 7.60│ 3.00‒ 6.00│ 5.00‒ 7.00
Culls and common │ 2.00‒ 3.75│ 1.50‒ 3.00│ 2.00‒ 5.00
Breeding ewes (full mouths to │ │ │
yearlings) │ 5.00‒11.50│ 5.50‒ 8.50│ 5.75‒ 9.00
─────────────────────────────────┴────────────┴────────────┴───────────

─────────────────────────────────┬────────────┬───────────┬───────────
│ │ South St. │
│ Omaha. │ Joseph. │ St. Paul.
─────────────────────────────────┼────────────┼───────────┼───────────
CATTLE. │ │ │
Beef steers: │ │ │
Medium and heavy (1,101 lbs. │ │ │
up)— │ │ │
Choice and prime │$10.00‒10.50│$9.75‒10.35│
Good │ 9.25‒10.00│ 8.70‒ 9.75│$8.75‒ 9.50
Medium │ 8.00‒ 9.25│ 7.00‒ 8.70│ 7.50‒ 8.75
Common │ 6.00‒ 8.00│ 5.50‒ 7.00│ 5.75‒ 7.50
Light weight (1,100 lbs. │ │ │
down)— │ │ │
Choice and prime │ 9.75‒10.50│ 9.65‒10.25│
Good │ 9.00‒ 9.75│ 8.60‒ 9.65│ 8.75‒ 9.50
Medium │ 7.50‒ 9.00│ 6.85‒ 8.60│ 7.50‒ 8.75
Common │ 5.75‒ 7.50│ 5.25‒ 6.85│ 5.50‒ 7.50
Butcher cattle: │ │ │
Heifers, common-choice │ 5.00‒ 9.25│ 5.00‒ 9.00│ 4.00‒ 8.50
Cows, common-choice │ 4.25‒ 7.50│ 3.75‒ 7.50│ 3.75‒ 7.25
Bulls, bologna and beef │ 3.75‒ 6.75│ 3.25‒ 5.75│ 3.25‒ 6.00
Canners and cutters: │ │ │
Cows and heifers │ 2.75‒ 4.25│ 2.25‒ 3.75│ 2.25‒ 3.75
Canner steers │ 3.00‒ 4.25│ │ 2.75‒ 4.00
Veal calves: │ │ │
Light and med. wt., │ │ │
med.-choice │ 7.50‒ 9.50│ 6.25‒ 9.25│ 4.00‒ 9.00
Heavy weight, common-choice │ 5.25‒ 7.75│ 5.00‒ 7.00│ 3.59‒ 7.00
Feeder steers: │ │ │
1,001 lbs. up, common-choice │ 5.75‒ 8.25│ 5.25‒ 8.00│ 4.25‒ 7.25
750‒1,000 lbs., common-choice │ 5.25‒ 8.00│ 5.25‒ 8.00│ 3.75‒ 7.25
Stocker cattle: │ │ │
Steers, common-choice │ 5.00‒ 7.75│ 4.50‒ 7.50│ 3.50‒ 7.00
Cows and heifers, │ │ │
common-choice │ 3.50‒ 5.75│ 3.25‒ 5.50│ 2.75‒ 5.50
Calves— │ │ │
Good and choice │ 7.00‒ 8.00│ │
Common and medium │ 5.00‒ 7.00│ │
HOGS. │ │ │
Top │ 10.30│ 10.10│ 10.25
Bulk of sales │ 7.75‒10.25│ 9.50‒10.10│ 7.50‒10.00
Heavy wt. (251 lbs. up), │ │ │
common-choice │ 9.00‒10.00│ 9.00‒9.90│ 8.25‒10.00
Med. wt. (201‒250 lbs.), │ │ │
common-choice │ 9.65‒10.25│ 9.85‒10.10│ 8.75‒10.00
Light wt. (151‒200 lbs.), │ │ │
common-choice │ 10.00‒10.25│ 9.90‒10.10│ 9.75‒10.25
Light lts. (131‒150 lbs.), │ │ │
common-choice │ │ │
Packing sows (250 lbs. up), │ │ │
smooth │ 7.75‒ 8.50│ 7.65‒ 8.00│ 7.25‒ 8.25
Packing sows (200 lbs. up), rough│ 7.25‒ 7.75│ 7.25‒ 7.60│ 6.75‒ 7.25
Pigs (150 lbs. down), │ │ │
common-choice │ │ │
Stock pigs (130 lbs. down) │ 9.00‒10.00│ │10.00‒10.50
SHEEP. │ │ │
Lambs: │ │ │
84 lbs. down, medium-choice │ 11.50‒12.25│11.50‒13.00│11.00‒12.25
Culls and common │ 7.25‒11.50│ 7.00‒11.25│
Feeding lambs │ 9.25‒12.00│ │
Yearlings, wethers, medium-prime │ 8.25‒10.50│ 7.50‒11.00│ 6.50‒10.50
Wethers, medium-prime │ 6.25‒ 8.75│ 6.00‒ 8.00│ 7.50‒10.25
Ewes: │ │ │
Medium, good, and choice │ 4.00‒ 7.00│ 4.00‒ 7.00│ 4.00‒ 8.25
Culls and common │ 2.00‒ 4.00│ 1.50‒ 4.00│ 3.00‒ 6.75
Breeding ewes (full mouths to │ │ │
yearlings) │ │ │ 2.00‒ 3.50
─────────────────────────────────┴────────────┴───────────┴───────────

WHOLESALE PRICES OF WESTERN DRESSED MEATS, TUESDAY, AUGUST 1, 1922.

[Per 100 pounds.]

────────────────────────────────┬──────────────────────────────────────
│ Chicago.
────────────────────────────────┼────────────┬────────────┬────────────
│ Aug. 1. │ July 25. │ July 3.
────────────────────────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼────────────
Fresh beef: │ │ │
Steers— │ │ │
Choice │$15.50‒16.00│$16.50‒17.00│$15.00‒16.00
Good │ 14.50‒15.00│ 15.50‒16.00│ 14.50‒15.00
Medium │ 13.00‒14.00│ 14.00‒15.00│ 13.00‒14.00
Common │ 10.00‒12.00│ 11.00‒13.00│ 12.00‒13.00
Cows— │ │ │
Good │ 11.50‒12.50│ 12.00‒13.00│ 12.00‒12.50
Medium │ 10.50‒11.50│ 11.00‒12.00│ 11.00‒11.50
Common │ 8.50‒ 9.50│ 9.00‒10.00│ 9.00‒10.00
Bulls— │ │ │
Good │ │ │
Medium │ │ │
Common │ 7.50‒ 7.75│ 7.75‒ 8.25│ 7.00‒ 7.25
Fresh veal: │ │ │
Choice │ 16.00‒17.00│ 16.00‒17.00│ 15.00‒17.00
Good │ 14.00‒15.00│ 15.00‒16.00│ 14.00‒15.00
Medium │ 12.00‒13.00│ 12.00‒14.00│ 13.00‒14.00
Common │ 10.00‒11.00│ 10.00‒11.00│ 8.00‒12.00
Fresh pork cuts: │ │ │
Loins— │ │ │
8‒10 lbs. average │ 23.00‒25.00│ 23.00‒24.00│ 22.00‒23.00
10‒12 lbs. average │ 20.00‒22.00│ 20.00‒22.00│ 21.00‒22.00
12‒14 lbs. average │ 17.00‒19.00│ 17.00‒19.00│ 19.00‒20.00
14‒16 lbs. average │ 14.00‒16.00│ 15.00‒16.00│ 18.00‒19.00
16 lbs. and over │ 12.00‒14.00│ 13.00‒14.00│ 16.00‒18.00
Shoulders— │ │ │
Skinned │ 13.50‒14.50│ 13.50‒14.50│ 14.00‒15.00
Picnics— │ │ │
4‒6 lbs. average │ 14.00‒15.00│ 15.00‒16.00│ 15.00‒15.50
6‒8 lbs. average │ 13.00‒14.00│ 14.00‒15.00│ 14.50‒15.00
Butts— │ │ │
Boston style │ 16.00‒17.50│ 16.00‒17.50│ 16.00‒17.00
Fresh lamb and mutton: │ │ │
Lamb— │ │ │
Choice │ 26.00‒27.00│ 27.00‒28.00│ 26.00‒28.00
Good │ 24.00‒25.00│ 26.00‒27.00│ 24.00‒26.00
Medium │ 21.00‒23.00│ 23.00‒25.00│ 21.00‒23.00
Common │ 16.00‒20.00│ 16.00‒21.00│ 15.00‒20.00
Mutton— │ │ │
Good │ 14.00‒15.00│ 14.00‒15.00│ 13.00‒14.50
Medium │ 10.00‒12.00│ 10.00‒12.00│ 10.00‒12.00
Common │ 6.00‒ 8.00│ 6.00‒ 8.00│ 6.00‒ 8.00
────────────────────────────────┴────────────┴────────────┴────────────

────────────────────────────────┬──────────────────────────────────────
│ New York.
────────────────────────────────┼────────────┬────────────┬────────────
│ Aug. 1. │ July 25. │ July 3.
────────────────────────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼────────────
Fresh beef: │ │ │
Steers— │ │ │
Choice │$16.50‒17.00│$16.00‒17.00│$17.00‒17.50
Good │ 14.00‒16.00│ 15.50‒16.00│ 16.00‒17.00
Medium │ 11.00‒13.00│ 13.00‒15.00│ 15.00‒16.00
Common │ 8.00‒10.00│ 10.00‒12.50│ 12.00‒15.00
Cows— │ │ │
Good │ 11.00‒12.00│ 13.00│ 13.00‒14.00
Medium │ 9.00‒11.00│ 11.00‒12.50│ 12.00‒13.00
Common │ 8.00‒ 9.00│ 10.00‒11.00│ 11.00‒12.00
Bulls— │ │ │
Good │ 10.00│ 11.00│ 12.00‒12.50
Medium │ 9.00‒10.00│ 9.00‒10.50│ 10.00‒12.00
Common │ 7.00‒ 8.00│ 8.00‒ 9.00│ 9.00‒10.00
Fresh veal: │ │ │
Choice │ 16.00‒18.00│ 17.00‒18.00│ 15.00‒16.00
Good │ 13.00‒15.00│ 15.00‒17.00│ 12.00‒14.00
Medium │ 11.00‒12.00│ 12.00‒15.00│ 10.00‒12.00
Common │ 10.00‒11.00│ 9.00‒11.00│ 8.00‒10.00
Fresh pork cuts: │ │ │
Loins— │ │ │
8‒10 lbs. average │ 23.00‒24.00│ 23.00‒24.00│ 22.00‒23.00
10‒12 lbs. average │ 22.00‒23.00│ 22.00‒23.00│ 21.00‒22.00
12‒14 lbs. average │ 21.00‒22.00│ 21.00‒22.00│ 20.00‒21.00
14‒16 lbs. average │ 18.00‒20.00│ 20.00‒21.00│ 19.00‒20.00
16 lbs. and over │ 16.00‒18.00│ 18.00‒20.00│ 18.00‒19.00
Shoulders— │ │ │
Skinned │ 15.00‒16.00│ 15.00‒16.00│ 15.00‒16.00
Picnics— │ │ │
4‒6 lbs. average │ │ │
6‒8 lbs. average │ 15.00‒16.00│ 14.00‒16.00│ 16.00‒17.00
Butts— │ │ │
Boston style │ 18.00‒19.00│ 16.00‒18.00│ 17.00‒19.00
Fresh lamb and mutton: │ │ │
Lamb— │ │ │
Choice │ 25.00‒20.00│ 26.00‒21.00│ 24.00‒27.00
Good │ 22.00‒23.00│ 24.00‒25.00│ 18.00‒20.00
Medium │ 21.00‒22.00│ 22.00‒23.00│ 16.00‒18.00
Common │ 19.00‒21.00│ 16.00‒20.00│ 12.00‒14.00
Mutton— │ │ │
Good │ 13.00‒16.00│ 15.00‒17.00│ 14.00‒16.00
Medium │ 10.00‒12.50│ 13.00‒14.00│ 10.00‒12.00
Common │ 7.00‒10.00│ 10.00‒13.00│ 8.00‒10.00
────────────────────────────────┴────────────┴────────────┴────────────

WEEKLY LIVE STOCK REVIEW.

(Concluded from page 107.)

were considerably heavier. Chicago quality was the best for several weeks, a generous proportion of the supply consisting of good light and medium weight butchers. This, coupled with the narrowest shipping outlet for hogs in weeks, attributed to an extent to unsettled railway labor conditions, was partially responsible for sharp declines, especially on the better grades. Closing prices Were 40¢‒55¢ under those of the week previous on bulk of good lights and butchers and 25¢‒50¢ lower on mixed and packing grades. A slight reaction was noticed toward the week end, with small advances scored on some of the in-between butchers and better packing grades.

Big packers were bearish and very indifferent buyers, even at the sharp decline, leaving liberal holdovers each day. The week’s top at Chicago was $11, secured on early sessions for good lights and light butchers, but best sold at the close at $10.60, and bulk of good lights and light butchers sold at the week end from $10.30‒$10.50. Bulk of good 220 lb.‒300 lb. butchers closed at $9.75‒$10.25. Such shipping orders as were filled called largely for the better grades of mixed packing, good, smooth, light weight sows and these failed to show the extreme decline apparent on other grades.

GOOD PIGS IN DEMAND.

Demand for good pigs at Chicago was broad and such sold readily all week, with bulk of good 100‒130 lb. averages clearing from $9.50‒$10.50. Saturday’s closing values on pigs were around 25¢ lower for the week. Stock pig prices, both at St. Paul and Missouri River markets declined 25¢‒35¢, best strong weights selling at $10.25‒$10.50 at St. Paul and Kansas City, respectively. Several shipments of good quality thin sows went to the country from St. Paul and Chicago for feeding purposes, costing $8‒$9. The trade generally displayed considerable anxiety on account of the railway and coal strikes.

_Sheep._—An oversupply of sheep at Jersey City at the week’s opening was the chief factor in further declines in prices following the declines late last week at Chicago and other western markets, but with aggregate slaughter falling considerably short of the week previous, the market made good recovery as the week’s trading progressed. Closing Chicago prices, compared with the week previous, were strong to 25¢ higher on fat native lambs, mostly 50¢ higher on cull natives, steady to 15¢ lower on fat western lambs, 35¢‒50¢ lower on western feeding lambs, generally steady on light sheep and 25¢‒50¢ lower on heavy sheep.

Subsequent to Monday when Jersey City had a full supply, the run of southeastern lambs was light and natives from other sections were in smaller supply than during the preceding week. The market-ward movement of range stock from the Northwest was of fair volume, although hampered to a certain extent by conditions arising from the strike of railway shopmen. Feeder demand was narrow at the week’s opening but declines then enforced attracted buyers subsequently and both fat and feeder lambs closed about 25¢ above the week’s low spot.

At the week end, choice western lambs were safely quotable up to $13 at Chicago, good Oregons, rather lightly sorted, selling up to $12.85, and best natives up to $12.75 straight, with bulk of natives at $12.50$12.60 and native culls mostly at $8‒$8.50. Feeder buyers paid up to $12.50 for light and tidy weight Western feeder lambs, but a number of loads of heavy feeders sold during the week at $11.50‒$11.75. Fat heavy ewes sold downward to $3, a few below $3.50 at the close, while fat light native and Western ewes reached $7‒$7.25. Wethers and yearlings were virtually lacking. There was call for western yearling breeding ewes, with none offered and choice quotable to $11.50. Native yearling ewes were taken on breeder account up to $9.50‒$9.75, twos to fours mixed up to $8‒$8.75, with heavies and less desirable kinds on down to $6 and below, depending on age, weight, and quality.

_Opening, July 31._—Beef steers, yearlings, butcher cows, and heifers at Chicago sold actively at strong to 25¢ higher prices, mostly 10¢‒15¢ higher. Eleven loads of matured beef steers averaging 1,283 lbs.‒1,694 lbs. topped at $10.60. Best long yearlings brought $10.50, bulk of beef steers $8.50‒$10.15. Twelve loads of Canadian steers arrived, five loads going to stocker and feeder dealers at $5.75. Stockers and feeders displayed some strength.

Good butcher weight hogs gained 10¢‒15¢ and closed firm at the advance. Top was $10.70 with bulk of desirable butchers at $9.90‒$10.60. Activity of shippers, who absorbed around 10,000 head, lent zest and higher prices to the better grades. Mixed and packing grades opened higher, but lacking good competition closed steady to 150 lower, bulk of packing sows turning at $7.75‒$8.60.

Fat lambs closed weak to 15¢ lower after a steady to strong start. Natives and westerns topped at $12.75, bulk of the natives bringing $12.25‒$12.60 and bulk of the rangers $12.65. Feeding lambs at $12.35 downward were lower. Sheep held firm. Choice handy Montana ewes reached $7.50.

STOCKER AND FEEDER SHIPMENTS.

Week Ending Friday, July 28, 1922.

─────────────────────────┬───────────┬───────────┬───────────
│Cattle and │ │
│ calves. │ Hogs. │ Sheep.
─────────────────────────┼───────────┼───────────┼───────────
Market origin: │ │ │
Chicago │ 4,077│ │ 17,432
Denver │ 4,368│ 286│ 241
East St. Louis │ 3,317│ 836│ 492
Fort Worth │ 1,406│ 170│ 1,369
Indianapolis │ 908│ 192│ 772
Kansas City │ 18,483│ 917│ 1,919
Oklahoma City │ 2,996│ 120│
Omaha │ 8,591│ 75│ 19,861
St. Joseph │ 2,098│ 298│ 2,798
St. Paul │ 13,441│ 1,169│ 883
Sioux City │ 5,786│ 353│ 333
Wichita │ 1,512│ 136│
─────────────────────────┼───────────┼───────────┼───────────
Total │ 66,983│ 4,552│ 46,100
Previous week │ 47,627│ 5,140│ 34,919
Same week last year[5] │ 28,747│ 2,161│ 41,592
═════════════════════════╪═══════════╪═══════════╪═══════════
State destination: │ │ │
California │ │ 170│
Colorado │ 1,374│ 286│
Illinois │ 8,458│ 826│ 3,681
Indiana │ 2,105│ 192│ 3,521
Iowa │ 17,302│ 1,266│ 8,695
Kansas │ 6,716│ 266│ 1,380
Kentucky │ 487│ 366│ 1,202
Maryland │ 101│ │ 310
Michigan │ 308│ │ 11,445
Minnesota │ 1,014│ 397│ 513
Missouri │ 5,654│ 588│ 4,159
Montana │ 493│ │
Nebraska │ 14,942│ 75│ 9,417
New York │ 48│ │
Ohio │ 1,009│ │ 801
Oklahoma │ 735│ 120│
Pennsylvania │ 3,894│ │
South Dakota │ 837│ │
Tennessee │ 36│ │
Texas │ 901│ │ 270
Virginia │ 129│ │ 411
West Virginia │ 59│ │ 121
Wisconsin │ 323│ │ 174
Wyoming │ 58│ │
─────────────────────────┼───────────┼───────────┼───────────
Total │ 66,983│ 4,552│ 46,100
─────────────────────────┴───────────┴───────────┴───────────

New Publications Issued.

The following publications were issued by the U. S. Department of Agriculture during the week ending Aug. 1, 1922. A copy of any of them, except those otherwise noted, may be obtained free upon application to the Chief of the Division of Publications, U. S. Department of Agriculture, as long as the department’s supply lasts.

After the department’s supply is exhausted, publications can be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Purchase order and remittance should be addressed to the Superintendent of Documents direct and not to the Department of Agriculture.

=Sugar Beet Growing Under Irrigation.= By C. O. Townsend, Pathologist
in Charge of Sugar-Plant Investigations. Pp. 32, figs. 17.
Contribution from the Bureau of Plant Industry. Revised June, 1922.
(=Farmers’ Bulletin 567.=)

=The Insulating Value of Commercial Double-Walled Beehives.= By E. F.
Phillips, Apiculturist in Charge, Bee-Culture Investigations. Pp. 9.
Contribution from the Bureau of Entomology. May, 1922. (=Department
Circular 222.=) Price, 5¢.

=A Handbook of Dairy Statistics.= By T. R. Pirtle, Dairy Division. Pp.
72, fig. 1. Contribution from the Bureau of Animal Industry. June,
1922. (=A. I. 37.=) Price, 15¢.

=Vegetable Growing in Guam.= By Glen Briggs, Agronomist and
Horticulturist. Pp. 60, pls. 17. June, 1922. (=Bulletin 2, Guam
Agricultural Experiment Station.=)

COLD STORAGE HOLDINGS OF FROZEN AND CURED FISH, JULY 15, 1922.

[Thousands of pounds; i. e., 000 omitted.]

──────────────────────────┬────────┬────────┬────────┬────────┬──────── Species. │ Total │ Total │ Total │ Frozen │ Total │holdings│holdings│holdings│ since │holdings │June 15,│July 15,│June 15,│June 15,│July 15, │ 1921. │ 1921. │ 1922. │ 1922. │1922.[6] ──────────────────────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼──────── FROZEN FISH. │ │ │ │ │ Bluefish │ 128│ 114│ 65│ 97│ 147 Butterfish │ 153│ 154│ 46│ 83│ 139 Catfish │ [7]│ [7]│ [7]│ 33│ 93 Ciscoes │ 2,525│ 2,605│ 1,080│ 167│ 987 Ciscoes (tullibees) │ [8]│ [8]│ 1,136│ 2│ 1,068 Cod, haddock, hake, │ │ │ │ │ pollack │ 1,955│ 1,916│ 391│ 26│ 339 Croakers │ 187│ 277│ 24│ 65│ 75 Flounders │ [7]│ [7]│ [7]│ 23│ 233 Halibut │ 4,375│ 6,213│ 3,878│ 742│ 4,380 Herring, sea │ 2,889│ 3,775│ 1,121│ 127│ 1,085 Lake trout │ 944│ 1,032│ 498│ 109│ 562 Mackerel │ 1,695│ 1,670│ 1,929│ 624│ 2,422 Pike perches and pike or │ │ │ │ │ pickerel │ [7]│ [7]│ [7]│ 28│ 294 Sablefish │ 270│ 456│ 580│ 56│ 492 Salmon, silver and fall │ 658│ 905│ 344│ 346│ 656 Salmon, steelhead trout │ [9]│ [9]│ 118│ 103│ 209 Salmon, all other │ 963│ 2,182│ 719│ 785│ 1,138 Scup (porgies) │ [7]│ [7]│ [7]│ 913│ 1,043 Shad and shad roe │ 250│ 324│ 273│ 22│ 299 Shellfish │ [7]│ [7]│ [7]│ 32│ 235 Smelts, eulachon, etc. │ 248│ 268│ 351│ 1│ 333 Squeteagues, or “seatrout”│ 263│ 1,405│ 283│ 40│ 260 Squid │ 3,026│ 3,170│ 1,036│ 92│ 1,039 Sturgeon or spoonbill cat│ [7]│ [7]│ [7]│ 88│ 257 Suckers │ [7]│ [7]│ [7]│ │ 16 Whitefish │ 985│ 1,278│ 1,427│ 50│ 1,439 Whiting │ 2,690│ 4,499│ 1,445│ 1,857│ 3,048 Miscellaneous │ 8,107│ 7,917│ 4,074│ 865│ 3,313 ──────────────────────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼──────── Total │ 32,311│ 40,160│ 20,818│ 7,376│ 25,601 │ │ │ │ │ CURED FISH. │ │ │ │ │ Herring │ 9,210│ 8,389│ 12,991│ │ 13,425 Mild cured salmon │ 1,672│ 3,140│ 2,358│ │ 3,849 ──────────────────────────┴────────┴────────┴────────┴────────┴────────

_Dairy ^{and} Poultry_
BUTTER MARKETS DROP UNDER ACCUMULATIONS OF RECEIPTS
Prices Fluctuate During Week—Large Increase in Consumption Over 1921 So
Far This Year.

Increasing accumulations of butter and lack of confidence among members of the trade were the principal factors in bringing about extremely weak conditions and radical declines in all markets during the early part of the week ending July 29. The resulting lower prices attracted a speculative demand which was largely instrumental in causing equally radical advances during the latter part of the week. The prices at the close of the week, however, hovered near the same levels as at the opening, and conditions, although not so extremely weak because of lighter stocks, were equally unsettled.

Since early in July receivers have been burdened with heavy accumulations of receipts because of the curtailed storing demand, and the strength of the market has been maintained by the hope that consuming outlets would become larger, that receipts would decrease more rapidly, or that exporters would take considerable quantities. When there appeared to be no immediate outlet for the accumulating stocks, dealers slashed prices and cleared away a large part of the accumulations.

SPECULATIVE INTEREST DEVELOPS.

The lower prices, however, brought forth a speculative interest which was so keen that prices reacted practically to the level on Monday. But with the higher prices buyers again disappeared, the market became very unsettled, and some price reductions ensued.

The strengthening factors are an excellent consumptive demand, possibilities of export and the improbability of any considerable imports. A shortage in stocks of butter in foreign markets makes it probable that considerable butter will be exported and improbable that the imports will be large. Aside from the possibility of exports and imports, the enormous quantity of butter going into consumption is a major factor in the possible trend of the markets.

Receipts at the four markets since Jan. 1 show a surplus of some 58,000,000 lbs. over the same period a year ago. Of these receipts, nearly 11,000,000 lbs. in excess of last year was stored. Import and export figures for the first six months of the year show an excess of exports over imports of 2,365,000 lbs. During the corresponding period in 1921 there was an excess of imports amounting to 6,139,000 lbs. Deducting the 11,000,000 lbs. which was stored in excess of last year and the decrease of 8,000,000 lbs. due to foreign trade, the apparent increase in consumption since Jan. 1, 1922, amounts to some 39,000,000 lbs.

On the other hand, while larger quantities have gone into consumption there are some operators who are bearish and claim that prices will have to rule higher next winter than last winter in order to allow a fair profit on present storage stocks, and that this condition naturally would reduce consumption. It is claimed also that production may continue comparatively heavy, making large outlets necessary. Some also point out that during our winter months the countries in the Southern Hemisphere have their season of flush production and that imports from those countries are a possibility.

Notwithstanding the fact that the markets at present are weak and unsettled, and receivers generally desire to keep current receipts moving, most of those owning storage butter have confidence in holding it at its present cost.

WHOLESALE PRICES OF BUTTER AND CHEESE, WEEK ENDING JULY 29, 1922.

[Cents per pound.]

──────────────┬───────┬────────┬─────────────┬──────────────┬────────── CREAMERY │ │ │ │ │ BUTTER (92 │ New │ │ │ │ San score). │ York. │Chicago.│Philadelphia.│ Boston. │Francisco. ──────────────┼───────┼────────┼─────────────┼──────────────┼────────── Monday │35 │33 │36 │36 │37¼ Tuesday │34 │32½ │35 │35½ │37 Wednesday │34½ │32½ │35 │35½ │37 Thursday │35½ │34 │36 │36 │37¼ Friday │34½ │33½ │35½ │35½ │37 Saturday │34 │33½ │35½ │35½ │37 ──────────────┼───────┼────────┼─────────────┼──────────────┼────────── Average for │ │ │ │ │ week │34.68 │33.17 │35.50 │35.67 │37.08 Previous week │36.08 │34.08 │36.67 │36.67 │39.37 Corresponding │ │ │ │ │ week last │ │ │ │ │ year │42.67 │41.42 │43.08 │43.50 │39.62 ══════════════╪═══════╪════════╪═════════════╪══════════════╪══════════ AMERICAN │ │ │ │ │ CHEESE (No. 1 │ New │ │ │ San │ fresh twins) │ York. │Chicago.│ Boston. │Francisco.[10]│Wisconsin. ──────────────┼───────┼────────┼─────────────┼──────────────┼────────── Monday │20½‒21¼│18½‒19 │21½‒22½ │19¼ │18¼ Tuesday │20¼‒21 │18½‒19 │21½‒22¼ │19¼ │18½ Wednesday │20¼‒21 │18½‒19 │21½‒22¼ │20 │18½ Thursday │20¼‒21 │18½‒19 │21½‒22 │19¾ │18¼ Friday │20¼‒21 │18½‒19 │21½‒22 │19¾ │18 Saturday │20¼‒21 │18½‒19 │21 ‒21½ │19¾ │18 ──────────────┼───────┼────────┼─────────────┼──────────────┼────────── Average for │ │ │ │ │ week │20.67 │18.75 │21.68 │19.62 │18.26 Previous week │21.13 │18.83 │22.00 │19.21 │18.71 Corresponding │ │ │ │ │ week last │ │ │ │ │ year │21.00 │20.44 │21.42 │22.08 │21.04 ──────────────┴───────┴────────┴─────────────┴──────────────┴──────────

Wholesale Prices of
Centralized Butter
(90 score) at
Chicago.

[Cents per pound.]

Monday 32¼
Tuesday 31¾
Wednesday 32¼
Thursday 33
Friday 32¾
Saturday 32¾
—————
Average 32.46

MOVEMENT AT FIVE MARKETS.

[New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, Boston, and San Francisco.]

────────────────────────────┬────────────┬────────────┬────────────
│Week ending │ Previous │
│ July 29. │ week. │ Last year.
────────────────────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼────────────
BUTTER. │ _Pounds._ │ _Pounds._ │ _Pounds._
Receipts for week │ 16,406,388│ 17,848,858│ 13,737,695
Receipts since Jan. 1 │ 406,421,998│ 390,015,610│ 333,511,550
Put into cold storage │ 5,763,120│ 6,227,574│ 4,363,777
Withdrawn from cold storage │ 1,196,527│ 1,090,911│ 2,391,506
Change during week │ +4,566,593│ +5,136,663│ +1,972,271
Total holdings │ 58,529,169│ 53,962,576│ 49,378,903
────────────────────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼────────────
CHEESE. │ │ │
Receipts for week │ 4,760,350│ 4,368,795│ 4,034,423
Receipts since Jan. 1 │ 113,423,195│ 108,662,845│ 109,844,370
Put into cold storage │ 2,212,808│ 2,824,638│ 2,780,994
Withdrawn from cold storage │ 1,297,907│ 1,185,107│ 1,753,219
Change during week │ +914,901│ +1,639,531│ +1,027,775
Total holdings │ 17,542,277│ 16,627,376│ 15,250,616
────────────────────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼────────────
DRESSED POULTRY. │ │ │
Receipts for week │ 3,039,791│ 3,237,754│ 2,455,183
Receipts since Jan. 1 │ 107,262,094│ 104,222,303│ 91,359,363
Put into cold storage │ 1,039,930│ 1,211,646│ 745,099
Withdrawn from cold storage │ 2,114,313│ 2,144,566│ 1,518,844
Change during week │ ‒1,074,383│ ‒932,920│ ‒773,745
Total holdings │ 23,316,211│ 24,390,594│ 15,513,172
────────────────────────────┼────────────┼────────────┼────────────
EGGS. │ _Cases._ │ _Cases._ │ _Cases._
Receipts for week │ 273,535│ 293,498│ 236,614
Receipts since Jan. 1 │ 12,471,456│ 12,197,921│ 11,265,592
Put into cold storage │ 76,188│ 74,222│ 45,631
Withdrawn from cold storage │ 34,863│ 29,352│ 70,151
Change during week │ +41,325│ +44,870│ ‒24,520
Total holdings │ 4,995,153│ 4,953,828│ 3,645,439
────────────────────────────┴────────────┴────────────┴────────────

CHEESE PRICES LOWER UNDER LIGHT CONSUMPTIVE DEMAND
Speculative Demand Also Lacking—Prices Down a Full Cent at Wisconsin
Primary Markets.

The light summer consumptive demand without the support of speculative storage activity has been insufficient to clear the current make of cheese during the past few weeks, and as a consequence a weaker feeling developed. During the week ending July 29 this weakness became more pronounced, and prices at the Wisconsin primary markets were lowered as much as a full cent in an effort to stimulate trading.

Buyers, however, were not eager to take on any more goods than could be readily used to meet daily requirements. Although a few cars of fine cheese were purchased early in the week for storage, the majority of buyers felt that the market was on too high a plane for speculation.

SPECULATIVE DEMAND ABSENT.

The absence of speculative support has probably been the largest factor in the weaker country markets, and the reflection of this weakness in the distributing markets. Moreover, movement into consumptive channels has not been active for some time. As storage demand has been lacking and the primary markets have been showing signs of weakening, most buyers at distributing points adopted the policy of hand-to-mouth buying in anticipation of lower prices. Advices at the end of the week indicated that some dealers do not look for a revival of trade until prices at country points reach 16¢, about 2¢ below present prices. However, this sentiment is not universal, and many dealers think that present prices may not be far from bottom.

Embargoes on railroad shipments of perishable foodstuffs in the southern and southwestern sections of the country have reduced shipments below normal requirements, and until the rail strike is ended but little support is expected from those sections. In fact, many in the trade believe that while the strike may cause higher prices in certain consuming centers where supplies are exhausted, embargoes on shipments will tend to weaken the primary markets because of curtailed outlets.