Chapter XIV: Appendix: II

TABLE OF REPORTED CASES OF INDUSTRIAL POISONING AND ANTHRAX (SECTION 73
OF THE FACTORY ACT, 1901).

(_Small figures at right-hand corner of larger figures indicate fatal
cases, included in totals_).

┌────────────────┬────────────────┬─────────────┬─────────────┬─────────────┐ │ │ 1921 │ 1920 │ 1919 │ 1918 │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ├────────────────┼────────┬───────┼────────┬────┼────────┬────┼────────┬────┤ │ „ │ M. │ F. │ M. │ F. │ M. │ F. │ M. │ F. │ ├────────────────┼────────┼───────┼────────┼────┼────────┼────┼────────┼────┤ │LEAD │194^{21}│ 36^2│222^{20}│21^3│187^{26}│ 20│124^{11}│ 20│ │ POISONING[260]│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Tinning of │ │ 1│ │ 2│ │ 2│ 1│ 1│ │ metals │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │White lead │ 13^1│ │ 17│ │ 10│ │ │ │ │China and │ 21^9│ 13^2│ 16^{11}│ 8^2│ 13^8│ 8│ 5^1│ 6│ │ earthenware │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Litho-transfers │ │ 1│ │ 1│ │ │ │ │ │Vitreous │ 7│ 1│ 1│ 1│ 1│ │ │ │ │ enamelling │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Coach │ 14^1│ 6│ 12│ 1│ 10^3│ 1│ 12^3│ │ │ painting[261] │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Paints used in │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ other │ 12│ │ 7^1│ 3│ 7^3│ 2│ 12│ 3│ │ industries │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Other industries│ 20^2│10[262]│ 32^2│ │ 24^1│ 1│ 19^1│ 4│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │MERCURY │ │ │ 4│ 1│ 5│ 2│ 8│ 1│ │ POISONING │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │PHOSPHORUS │ │ │ │ │ 1│ │ 3│ │ │ POISONING │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ARSENIC │ 1│ │ 3│ │ 4│ │ 3^1│ │ │ POISONING │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ANTHRAX │ 21^5│ 4^1│ 42^{10}│ 6^1│ 46^6│11^3│ 46^5│26^3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │TOXIC JAUNDICE │ 1^1│ │ 6^3│ │ 2^2│ 1^1│ 7^2│27^8│ └────────────────┴────────┴───────┴────────┴────┴────────┴────┴────────┴────┘

┌────────────────┬─────────────────┬─────────────────┬───────────┐ │ │ 1917 │ 1916 │ 1915 │ │ │ │ │ │ ├────────────────┼────────┬────────┼────────┬────────┼────────┬──┤ │ „ │ M. │ F. │ M. │ F. │ M. │F.│ ├────────────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼────────┼──┤ │LEAD │272^{19}│ 45^2│318^{20}│ 30^1│356^{21}│25│ │ POISONING[260]│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Tinning of │ 2│ │ 3│ 1│ 2│ 1│ │ metals │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │White lead │ 15│ 2│ 16^1│ 2│ 36│ 4│ │China and │ 8^5│ 7^2│ 15^6│ 8^1│ 13^5│13│ │ earthenware │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Litho-transfers │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Vitreous │ 1│ │ 5│ │ 5^1│ │ │ enamelling │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Coach │ 20^2│ 1│ 33│ │ 39^5│ │ │ painting[261] │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Paints used in │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ other │ 17^1│ 3│ 18│ 2│ 16^2│ │ │ industries │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Other industries│ 57^4│ 19[263]│ 50^3│ 11│ 47^1│ 7│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │MERCURY │ 6│ 11│ 11│ 7│ 6│ │ │ POISONING │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │PHOSPHORUS │ 3│ │ 2│ │ 3^1│ │ │ POISONING │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ARSENIC │ 0^5│ │ │ │ 3│ │ │ POISONING │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ANTHRAX │ 71^{11}│ 22^1│ 77^{14}│ 28^2│ 45^7│ 5│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │TOXIC JAUNDICE │ 45^2│145^{42}│ 84^{23}│122^{34}│ │ │ └────────────────┴────────┴────────┴────────┴────────┴────────┴──┘

┌────────────────┬────────────────┬─────────────┬────────────────┐ │ │ _Average_ │ _Average_ │ _Average_ │ │ │ 1912–14 │ 1909–11 │ 1906–08 │ ├────────────────┼────────┬───────┼────────┬────┼────────┬───────┤ │ „ │ M. │ F. │ M. │ F. │ M. │ F. │ ├────────────────┼────────┼───────┼────────┼────┼────────┼───────┤ │LEAD │468^{32}│ 55^1│512^{32}│63^3│524^{28}│ 95^2│ │ POISONING[260]│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Tinning of │ 10│ 1│ 13│ 4│ 10│ 8│ │ metals │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │White lead │ 24^1│ 3│ 34^1│ 2│ 83^3│ 3│ │China and │ 33^10│ 23^1│ 38^4│38^3│ 52^6│ 57^2│ │ earthenware │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Litho-transfers │ 1│ │ 1│ 1│ 5│ 1│ │Vitreous │ 8│ │ 12│ 1│ 5│ 1│ │ enamelling │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Coach │ 70^4│ 1│ 89^6│ │ 74^4│ 1│ │ painting[261] │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Paints used in │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ other │ 42^2│ 4│ 45^1│ 4│ 39^2│ 5│ │ industries │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │Other industries│ 63^2│14[264]│ 56^3│ 8│ 57^3│10[265]│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │MERCURY │ 13│ 1│ 10│ │ 5│ 2│ │ POISONING │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │PHOSPHORUS │ │ │ 1│ │ │ │ │ POISONING │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ARSENIC │ 4│ │ 5│ 2│ 11^1│ 1│ │ POISONING │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ANTHRAX │ 50^6│ 7│ 48^9│ 9^2│ 44^{11}│ 13^3│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │TOXIC JAUNDICE │ │ │ │ │ │ │ └────────────────┴────────┴───────┴────────┴────┴────────┴───────┘

┌────────────────┬──────────────┬──────────────┐ │ │ _Average_ │ 1900 │ │ │ 1903–05 │ │ ├────────────────┼────────┬─────┼────────┬─────┤ │ „ │ M. │ F. │ M. │ F. │ ├────────────────┼────────┼─────┼────────┼─────┤ │LEAD │501^{22}│100^1│884^{33}│174^5│ │ POISONING[260]│ │ │ │ │ │Tinning of │ 9│ 4│ 2│ 3│ │ metals │ │ │ │ │ │White lead │ 100^1│ 5^1│ 325^5│ 53^1│ │China and │ 39^3│ 56│ 95^4│105^4│ │ earthenware │ │ │ │ │ │Litho-transfers │ 2│ 7│ 3│ │ │Vitreous │ 1│ 2│ 8│ 3│ │ enamelling │ │ │ │ │ │Coach │ 60^4│ │ 70^5│ │ │ painting[261] │ │ │ │ │ │Paints used in │ │ │ │ │ │ other │ 36^2│ 4│ 50^5│ │ │ industries │ │ │ │ │ │Other industries│ 42^1│ 12│ 68^4│ 18│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │MERCURY │ 6│ │ 7│ 2│ │ POISONING │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │PHOSPHORUS │ 1│ 1^1│ 1│ 2│ │ POISONING │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ARSENIC │ 4│ │ 15^3│ 7│ │ POISONING │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ANTHRAX │ 43^{11}│ 9^2│ 28^5│ 9^2│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │TOXIC JAUNDICE │ │ │ │ │ └────────────────┴────────┴─────┴────────┴─────┘

INDEX

Aberdare, Lord, Home Secretary, 6

Abraham, Miss May, Inspector of Factories, vii, 9, 40, 201;
secretary to Lady Dilke, 9;
retirement, 13;
marriage, 13;
member of the Dangerous Trades Committee, 100.
_See_ Tennant

Accidents in factories, 139, 140;
in laundries, 141–146;
treatment, 147;
number, 196

Aerated water, 288

Aeroplanes, varnishing the wings, 129

Akers-Douglas, Rt. Hon. (Lord Chilston), Home Secretary, 192;
on Women Inspectors, 193

Alverstone, Lord, 207

America, “motion study,” 256

Anderson, Adelaide Mary, Inspector of Factories, 9

Anthrax, cases of, 95, 98, 115, 126, 306

Anti-Sweating Movement, 60

Antrim, 177

Ardara, 80

Arsenic, 95, 98, 288, 306

Asbestos industry, 96, 106

Asquith, Rt. Hon. H. H., on Factory Laws, 10;
on Women Inspectors, 191, 192

Baden, Grand Duchy of, silk mills, 139

Bag-woman or carrier system, 90

_Beacon_, the, 252 _note_

Bedford College for Women, 270 _note_

Belfast, textile mill, case of half-timers, 55;
procession of workers, 75;
conference in, 109;
Congress of the Royal Sanitary Institute, 162, 268 _note_;
Health Commission, 175

Belgium, reformatory institutions, 182;
prevention of industrial fatigue, 255

Bentinck, Lord Henry Cavendish, on the work of Women Inspectors, 195

Benzine, 288

Berlin, conference in, 10, 150

Bichromate of potassium, result of, 127, 290

Birmingham, prosecutions, 179;
munition factories, 231;
Congress of the Royal Sanitary Institute, 274

Birtwistle, Mr., Inspector of Textile Particulars, 85

Black Country factories, 43

Blackburn, 155

Board of Trade Wage Census, 63

Bonus system, 76

Bournville, conference at, 269

Branford, Victor, _Interpretations and Forecasts_, 149

Brass, 288

Bricks, glazing of, 120

Brickworks, 134

Briquettes, 288

Bristol, 80;
Women Workers, meeting, 9

Bronzing, dust from, 111, 288

Brooke-Gwynne, Maura, xi

Buffing of plated articles, 109

Burnley, 135, 155

Burns, Rt. Hon. John, on the work of Women Inspectors, 192

Cadbury, Mr., conference at Bournville, 269

Campbell, Dr. Janet, on Health of Women in Industry, 123 _note_;
_War Cabinet Committee on Women in Industry_, 197

Canteens, result of, 257

Carbonic oxide poisoning, 127

Carotting, process of, 126

Celluloid, 290

Cement works, in Scotland, employment of women, 234

Chalmers, Sir Mackenzie, 11

Chapman, S. J., _Labour and Capital after the War_, 64 _note_, 227
_note_, 232 _note_

Chemical works, employment of women, 233

Chemicals, 290

Children, employment in factories, 131, 163–179;
result of lifting heavy weights, 131–135, 171;
examinations, 166, 168–174;
half-time system, 165, 177;
cases of rejection, 167;
in Ireland, 174–177;
number of, 177, 180

China scourers, 96;
mortality, 103–105

Christian Social Union Research Committee, 262

Chromate, lead, 120, 121, 290

Chrome holes, 127

Cleanliness of workshops, 45, 47, 48, 258

Clothing factories, wages, 67;
accidents, 146;
employment of mothers, 154;
number employed, 218, 225 _note_

Cohen, Miss H. F., 158

Colchester, clothing factories, 89;
rate of wages, 67

Collett, Miss Clara, Assistant Commissioner on Labour, 9

Collings, Rt. Hon. Jesse, criticism on the work of Women Inspectors,
193

Collis, Dr. E. L., 96, 110;
Director of the Welfare Department, 274

_Commonwealth_, the, 18

Consumption, compulsory notification, 110

Cooke-Taylor, Whateley, 164;
_The Modern Factory System_, 57

Cornwall, 78, 83

Cotton Cloth Factories Act of 1889, 99

Cotton mills, driving system, 8;
fines, 73

Coventry, factories in, 179, 268

Dangerous Trades Committee 100, 111, 137

Deane, Miss Lucy, Inspector of Factories, 9, 80, 81, 87, 103, 116, 117,
181, 185

_Deane_ v. _Hulbert Beach_, 203;
v. _Wilson_, 76, 77

Dermatitis or inflammation of the skin, case of, 127, 128

Dickie, Mrs., Inspector, 176

Digby, Sir Kenelm, 11

Dilke, Rt. Hon. Sir Charles, on the work of Women Inspectors, 192, 194

Dilke, Lady, 9, 11

Dilution Officers of Munitions, 237

Donegal, experiences of Inspectors in, 213

_Donegal Vindicator_, 81 _note_

Dope poisoning, 129

Down, 177

Drage, Mr. Geoffrey, Secretary of the Labour Commission, 9

Drinking water, supply of, 46

Driving system, in cotton mills, 8

Drury, Mrs., Inspector, xi, 67;
sketch of a day’s work, 219–221.
_See_ Whitworth

Duckering, G. Elmhirst, Inspector of Factories, 101

Dundee, 155, 178

Dungloe, 81

Dust, dangers of, 102–112, 288

Edward IV., King, statute of, 58 _note_

Eight Hours Bill, 8

Electric accumulator industry, 115, 292

Electro-plate works, Sheffield, 109

Elementary Education Act, 166 _note_

Emergency Orders, 230, 239, 241

Employment of Children, Royal Commission of 1841, 103;
Act, 135, 136;
Committee on, in 1901, 168

“Employment of Mothers,” 156

Enamelling of metals, 100, 101, 292

Escreet, Miss, Inspector of Factories, xi, 92, 264

Fabian Society, 8

Factories, Women Inspectors, vii, ix, 1, 5, 7, 9;
number of, 15;
their work, 19;
evils of the system, 24–27;
hours of work, 27–34, 39, 239–244;
evils of overtime, 35–39;
defective sanitation, 39–44;
supply of drinking water, 46;
lighting, 46–50;
system of fines, 68–72;
practice of raffling, 72;
bonus system, 76;
dangerous processes, 94;
special rules, 95–98, 113;
mechanical ventilation, 100;
records, 112;
Women Medical Inspectors, 122;
accidents in, 139;
register of, 140;
employment of mothers, 150–163;
number of, 161, 180, 225 _note_;
employment of children, 163–179;
number of, 177;
half-time system, 165, 177;
daily visits of inspection, 216;
substitution of women, 233–239, 245;
welfare movement, 253–272;
women superintendents, 260, 268;
provision for meals, 261–264, 271;
neglect of seats, 265–267;
weight lifting, 267;
first-aid and ambulance work, 267;
hygienic safeguards, 272;
surveys, 273;
orders for welfare condition, 276–278;
committees, 278–281, 284;
series of welfare pamphlets, 281;
improved conditions, 282–285

Factories and Miscellaneous Provisions Act of 1916, 46

Factory Act of 1802, 150;
of 1878, 6, 7, 28 _note_, 49 _note_, 202;
of 1891, 10, 13, 97, 150, 166 _note_;
of 1895, 13, 31, 32, 49, 85, 191;
of 1901, 29, 30 _note_, 31, 33, 45, 49, 92, 94, 97, 127 _note_, 131,
166 _note_, 171, 182, 202, 230 _note_;
of 1907, 33, 186

Factory system, 4;
a workers’ welfare committee in a national factory, 278

Faithful, Miss Emily, letter to _The Times_, 6

Fencing of machinery, the term, 12;
accidents from, 139, 144

Fines, system of, 68–72

Fish-curing industry, 31, 128, 276 _note_;
number employed, 225 _note_

Flax preparation and carding, mortality, 102, 294

Flax scutch mills, 109

Ford, Miss I. O., 8

Foxford Convent, Mayo, 181

France, reformatory institutions, 182, 183;
industrial legislation, 199 _note_, 255

Fruit industry, 32;
number employed, 225 _note_

_Fullers, Ltd._ v. _Squire_, 204

Fustian clothing factories, 89

Gas stoves, unhooded, 49

Gasworks, employment of women, 235

George I., King, statute of, 58 _note_

Germany, reformatory institutions, 182, 183;
industrial legislation, 199 _note_, 255

Gladstone, Viscount, Departmental Committee, 105, 118 _note_;
on the increase of Women Inspectors, 194

Glasgow Trade Union Congress, 7

Glass factories of Sunderland, 135

Goadby, Dr. Kenneth W., _Lead Poisoning and Lead Absorption_, 99, 112
_note_, 114

Goods, payment in, evils of, 59, 62, 78, 80–85

Grimsby, 31

Haldane, Viscount, address to Factory Inspectors, 207

Half-time system, 165, 177

Hanley, 155

Hatch, Sir Ernest, Departmental Committee, 106, 118

Haynes, Miss Dorothy, 200 _note_

Heading yarn dyed in lead chromate, cases of poisoning, 120, 121, 304

Health Commission, in Belfast, Report of the, 175

Health Insurance, National, 121, 158, 162

Health, Ministry of, 152

Health of Munition Workers Committee, 237, 241, 242, 244, 247, 256
_note_, 257 _note_

Hewitt, Dr. E. M., 96

Hill, Dr. Leonard, 99

Hills, Mr., 195

Holland, Canon Scott, on the work of Factory Inspectors, 18

Home Office Memorandum on Substitution of Women, 229 _note_, 236

Homework, Select Committee on, 60

Hood, Thomas, _Song of the Shirt_, 8

Hosiery factories, teazle brushing, 108

Hours of work, 27–34, 39, 239–244;
reduction, 52

Hygiene and Industrial Employment, address on, 162

_Illumination in Factories_, 46

India-rubber works, 125, 298

Industrial Fatigue Research Board, 248

Industrial Law Indemnity Fund, 22

Industries, dangerous and unhealthy, 94, 287;
preventive measures, 288–305

Infant mortality, high rate of, 154

Institutions, reformatory or charitable, method of administration, 151,
182–189

Ireland, letters of thanks to Inspectors, 55;
wages of dressmakers, 80;
payment in goods, 80–83;
prosecutions, 82;
employment of children, 174–177;
convent industries, 181;
institutional laundries, 184

Italy, prevention of industrial fatigue, 255

Joteyko, Dr. Josefa, _Science of Labour_, 198, 246

Kent, Prof. Stanley, 255 _note_

Kid-glove makers, payment of, 84

Kinloch-Cooke, Sir Clement, _Women and Industrial Changes_, 225 _note_

Kippering industry case, 213

Kropotkin, Prince, _Fields, Factories and Workshops_, 280

Labels, injurious practice of licking, 137–139

_Labour and Capital after the War_, 245 _note_

Labour Convention of 1919, 10

Labour, International Conference, at Berlin, 10

Labour, Ministry of, 237

Labour, Royal Commission on, 3, 9, 42

Lace-tinting industry, 110

Lakeman, Mr., on the evils of working overtime, 35

Lancashire, Limited Liability Company, case against, 42;
employment of mothers, 159

Laundries, hours of work, 32–34;
seaside, 38;
carbonic oxide poisoning, 127;
accidents in, 141–146;
remedies against, 142;
number, 143;
prosecutions, 145;
employment of mothers, 151–154;
institutional, 151, 184–188;
women employed, 180, 218, 225 _note_

Lead chromate, 120, 121, 290

Lead poisoning, 96, 100, 298, 304, 306

Leeds, factories, 89;
practice of raffling goods, 72

Legge, Dr. T. M., Senior Medical Inspector, xi, 96, 97, 107, 129;
Occupational Diseases, 99 _note_;
Lead Poisoning and Lead Absorption, 99 _note_, 112 _note_, 114

Lighting of factories and workshops, 46–50;
Committee on, 47

Linen-weaving factory, system of fines, 71

London, factories, 89;
School of Economics, 270 _note_

Longton, 104, 155

Lovibond, Miss, 112, 135.
_See_ Moorcroft

Lowestoft, fishing industry, 31, 276 _note_

Lucifer match factory, case of, 79

Lushington, Sir Godfrey, 11

Lye, bucket industry, 154

Lyttelton, Rt. Hon. Alfred, 195

MacArthur, Miss Mary, 37

Macdonald, Mr. Ramsay, 195

Machinery, fencing of, 12;
accidents from, 139

Manchester, practice of raffling goods, 72;
“making-up” warehouses, 136

Manufacturers, Association of, 71, 75

Martindale, Miss Hilda, x, 23, 55, 56, 71, 80, 83, 109, 116, 119, 134,
156, 174, 176, 179, 185;
_Hygiene and Industrial Employment_, 162, 268 _note_

Mary, H.M. Queen, Fund, 188

Match-making industry, 124

Matthews, Rt. Hon. Henry, Home Secretary, 7

McKenna, Rt. Hon. R., on the work of Women Inspectors, 193

Meals, provision for, in factories, 261–264, 271

Medical Inspectors, 20, 95

Men, number employed in factories, 15, 16;
Inspectors, work of the, 20, 196;
number, 15

Mercerised cotton yarn dust, 108

Mercurial poisoning, cases of, 124–126, 306

Meredith, George, 224

Messrooms, 258, 262

Metals, enamelling and tinning of, 100, 101 _note_, 292, 304

Mill gearing, 12 _note_

Mill girls, deputation of, 222

Mines Acts, 97

Moorcroft, Mrs., 112.
_See_ Lovibond

Morrell, Mr., 195

Mothers, employment of, 150–163;
maternity fund, 157;
cases of, 158–162;
number, 161

Mulhouse, maternity fund, 157

Munition workers, number of, 228, 239;
long hours, 239–244

National Liberal Federation, meeting, 10

National Service, Ministry of, 237

Necrosis, cases of, 125

Needle-puncturing accidents, 146

Nicotine poisoning, 127

Niven, Dr., on the cleanliness of workshops, 48

Oastler, Richard, 3

Oram, Mr. R. E. Sprague, H.M. Chief Inspector, 13, 19;
retirement, 13, 19

Osborn, Mr. E. H., H.M. Superintending Inspector of Factories, 99, 102

Outwork, evil of, 30

Overtime, working, 28;
evils of, 35–39

Owen, Robert, 3, 253

Papworth, Miss Wyatt, Secretary of the Women’s Industrial Council, 36

Paterson, Mrs. Emma Ann, founds the Women’s Protective League, 6

Paterson, Miss Mary, Inspector of Factories, vii, xi, 9, 56, 72, 103,
115, 156, 160, 161, 166, 167, 171, 173, 185, 201;
on insanitary conditions, 41;
case of overcrowding, 44

Paterson, Mr. Thomas, 6

Peace Treaty of 1919, 10

Peel, Sir R., 3

Pendock, Mr. C. R., Inspector of Factories, 99, 101;
_Observations on Ventilation of Potteries and Removal of Dust_, 102
_note_

Pen-making trade, 88, 92;
system of “cards,” 93

Peripatetic Inspectors, 210

Perry, Miss, 145

Phosphorus necrosis, 124, 306

Physical Deterioration, Committee on, 155

Piecework, payment of, 85–93

Plumbism, cases of, 116, 290

Poisoning, cases of, 98, 306

Police Act, the little, 274–278

Police, Factories, etc., Act, 254 _note_

Potteries, records, 112;
Fund, 118

Pottery Code of Regulations, 117

_Power Laundry, The_, 33

Pratt, Mr. Hodgson, 6

Presbyterian Church, General Assembly of the, on child labour, 177

Preston, 155

Public Health Acts, 45, 207

Purdon, Dr., 102

Rabbit skins, dust from, 126, 170 _note_

Raffling, practice of, 72

Reconstruction, Ministry of, 237

_Redgrave_ v. _Kelly_, case of, 75

Reformatory institutions, administration, 151, 182–189

Religious institutions, workers, 181

Rent, deductions for, 79

Ridley, Rt. Hon. Sir Matthew White, Home Secretary, 10;
on Women Factory Inspectors, 191

Rowntree, Mr. Seebohm, Director of the Welfare Department, 232, 273

Royal Sanitary Institute, Congress at Belfast, 162

Rubber articles, 124, 125

Rubber tyre factory, system of fines, 69

Russell, Lord, of Killowen, 207

Sadler, Michael, 3

Sadler, Miss, Inspector of Factories, 114 _note_, 122

Safety-pin factory, system of deductions, 69

Sanitation, defective, in factories and workshops, 39–44

_Schofield_ v. _Schunk_, 146

School Child Leaflet, 274

Scientific instrument making, 236

Scotland, cement works, employment of women, 234

Seats, lack of, in factories, 265–267

_Service Magazine_, 280

Shaftesbury, Earl of, 3, 7, 164

Sheffield, electro-plate works, 109;
conference in, 259;
dinner clubs, 263

Shell factory, 251

Shetland, 78

Shift systems, 242

Silk waste carding and spinning, 107

Simon, Sir John, 104

Slocock, Miss, Inspector of Factories, 85, 178

Smith, Adam, 62

Smith, Sydney, 99

Somerset, 78, 83

Squire, Miss R. E., Inspector of Factories, x, 10, 60, 72, 73, 81, 82,
87, 88, 107, 108, 113, 120, 132, 136, 148, 152, 155, 156, 169, 178,
181, 199 _note_, 203, 271;
member of a Committee on Lighting in Factories, 47;
cases, 53, 54;
on the wages of girls, 65;
in charge of the Women’s Welfare Department, 274

_Squire_ v. _Boyer & Co._, 205;
v. _Midland Lace Company_, 85;
v. _Sweeney_, 83, 85

Staffordshire Potteries, 43, 116, 131, 133, 136, 155

Star, the, 37

Steel works in Yorkshire, employment of women, 234

Stoke-on-Trent, 104

Stourbridge, brick-making, 154

Stuart, Prof. William, _Economic Annals of the Nineteenth Century_, 164
_note_;
_Substitution of Women in Industry_, 229 _note_

Substitutes, women as. _See_ Women Workers

Sunderland, glass factories, 135

Sweated Industries, Exhibition of 1906, 60

Sweating system, 8

Tailoring trade, 89

Tawney, Mr. R. H., _Minimum Rates in the Tailoring Trade_, 67

Taylor, Mr. Stevenson, Inspector of Factories, 99

Taylor, Mr. Theodore, tribute to the work of Women Inspectors, 192

Teazle-brushing machines, guards for, 108, 148

Temperature of workrooms, 44, 50

Tennant, Mrs. H. J., 9, 192, 207;
Chairman of the Industrial Law Indemnity Fund, 22.
_See_ Abraham

Textile factories, number employed, 218, 225 _note_

Theatrical costume industry, 37;
cases of overtime, 38

Time-cribbing, suppression of, 38

Tinning of metals, 100, 101, 304

Tinplate works, loads, 132, 133

Tobacco works, cases of poisoning, 127

Toxic jaundice, cases of, 129, 306

Tracey, Miss A., Inspector of Factories, 9, 23, 121, 143, 148, 185

_Tracey_ v. _Pretty_, 206

Trade Boards Act of 1909, 60

Trade Union Congress, Bristol, 7;
Glasgow, 7;
organisation for women, 3

Troup, Sir Edward, 11

Truck, meaning of the word, 58;
committee on, 60, 69, 76

Truck Acts, 27, 78; of 1831, 58, 73, 75, 85;
of 1887, 58, 75, 85;
of 1896, 58, 70, 73, 75

Tuckwell, Miss Gertrude, Hon. Sec. of the Women’s Trade Union League,
56;
_The Jeopardy of a Department_, 57 _note_

Unemployment, 281

Urwick, Prof., 269

Vandevelde, Mr., the Belgian, 286

Varley, Miss Julia, article in the _Yorkshire Factory Times_, 25 _note_

Ventilation of workrooms, 40, 44, 47, 100

Vines, Miss, Inspector of Factories, 116, 134 _note_, 145, 178, 179

Wage Census of 1886 and 1906, 63

Wages of women, 59, 63–68;
payment in goods, 59, 62, 78, 80–85;
deductions, 64–66, 68–72;
system of fines, 68–72

War, the Great, 14, 16, 27, 85, 113, 128, 178, 188, 253;
women’s work in the, 224, 226–236;
tributes to, 231

War, munitions of, production, 228

War Museum, National, 227, 232

Weaving, art of, 251

Weights, heavy, lifting, 130–136, 267, 302

Welfare Department, 272;
movement in factories, 253–272;
trained women superintendents, 260, 268

Werner, Mr. E. A. R., Inspector of Factories, 106

Whitaker, Dr., 102

White lead industry, cases of poisoning, 114–117, 120–122, 149, 298,
304;
regulations, 118;
preventive measures, 120

Whitelegge, Sir Arthur, M.D., Chief Inspector of Factories, 13, 19, 97

Whitley Report, 123

Whitlock, Miss, M.B., 106, 109, 110, 138, 147, 262, 268;
reports on lead cases, 112, 119, 121;
transferred to the Industrial Schools Department, 113

Whitworth, Miss, 67, 261.
_See_ Drury

Williams, Mr., Superintending Inspector, 99

Wilson, Mr. D. R., _Illumination in Factories_, 46

Women Assistant Commissioners on Labour, 9

Women Dilution Officers, employment of, 198

Women Inspectors, vii, ix, 1, 5;
appointment, 7, 9;
official status, 11;
work, 11–14, 78, 124, 191, 198–223, 270;
number, 14, 192, 218, 237;
testimony to, 18;
detection of cases of overtime, 35–39;
value of their visits, 52;
relations with the workers, 53–55;
letters of thanks, 55;
evidence on the result of low wages, 59, 63;
cases, 80–82, 202, 209;
reports on payment of piecework, 87;
inquiries into dangerous processes, 95;
taking of records, 112;
tributes to their work, 191–195, 222;
study of foreign industrial legislation, 199;
higher education, 201;
prosecutions, 202–210;
address from Lord Haldane, 207;
reading for the Bar, 209;
peripatetic, 210;
experiences in the courts, 214;
daily visits of inspection, 216;
inspection of munitions factories, 235, 239;
reports on the result of long hours of work, 240–244

Women Medical Inspectors, 122

Women superintendents in factories, 260, 268

Women Welfare Officers, 237

Women Workers, National Council of, meeting at Bristol, 9;
number employed in factories, 15, 16, 225 _note_;
characteristics, 22;
courage, 22–24;
evils of the system, 24–27;
hours of work, 27–34, 39;
relations with the Inspectors, 53;
complaints against managers, 53–55;
wages, 59, 63–68;
dangerous processes, 94;
rules for safeguarding, 95–98, 113;
injuries from lead processes on maternity, 116, 149;
result of lifting heavy weights, 132–136, 267;
number employed in laundries, 180;
work in the War, 224, 226–236;
substitutes, 227, 233–239, 245;
tributes to, 231;
in engineering, chemical and gasworks, 231, 233–235;
result of their wartime experiences, 246–249

Women and Young Persons Act, 1920, 115

Women’s Employment Committee, Report, 4, 18, 150, 158, 237

Women’s Industrial Council, 36

_Women’s Industrial News_, 198, 200

Women’s Institute, founded, 226

Women’s Liberal Association, 8

Women’s Protective and Provident League, founded, 6

Women’s Trade Union League, 6, 56

_Women’s Union Journal_, extract from, 7

_Women’s War Work_, 232 _note_

Wörishoffer, Dr., 183

Work, function of, 250

Workers’ Trustees Council, 279

Workers’ Welfare Committee, 278

Working men appointed Inspectors, 7, 8

Workshops, number of, 15;
defective sanitation, 39–44;
ventilation, 40, 44, 47;
lack of heating, 40;
overcrowding, 44;
temperature, 44, 50, 99;
drainage, 45;
cleanliness, 45, 47;
supply of drinking water, 46;
lighting, 46–50

Yarmouth, fish-curing industry, 32, 276

Yarn, heading, dyed in lead chromate, 120, 121, 304

Yeovil, 84

Yorkshire factories, 43, 234

_Yorkshire Factory Times_, 25 _note_

-----

Footnote 1:

See Note, p. 21.

Footnote 2:

Minutes of Evidence, Group C, Vol. I. Questions 4638 and 6830.

Footnote 3:

Report of Women’s Employment Committee, Ministry of Reconstruction,
1919, Cd. 9239, p. 60.

Footnote 4:

_Ibid._

Footnote 5:

Afterwards the Women’s Trade Union League.

Footnote 6:

From an obituary notice by Hodgson Pratt in the _Women’s Union
Journal_, in December, 1886.

Footnote 7:

“Fencing” is a term used but not defined in the Factory Act, in