Chapter V: T. PARK--A camp in the Kaibab National Forest (operated by W. S

Rust), en route to, and about eighteen miles from, Bright Angel Point, Grand Canyon, is known as the V. T. Park Tourist Ranch: breakfast $1.00; lunch $1.25; dinner $1.25; lodging $1.50. American plan rate per day $5.00.

Saddle Horses and Guides

Saddle horses and competent guides are available for all of the interesting trail trips at reasonable rates approved by the United States National Park Service.

AT ZION PARK (FLOOR OF CANYON) AND AT BRYCE (ON RIM)

_Rates per Person per Hour (or Fraction)_
Without Guide With Mounted Guide
One Person $1.00 $3.00
Two Persons 1.00 1.50
Three Persons 1.00 1.00
_Rates per Person per Half Day, 4 Hours_
One Person $2.50 $7.50
Two Persons 2.50 3.75
Three Persons 2.50 2.50
_Rates per Person per Day, 8 Hours_
One Person $3.50 $8.50
Two Persons 3.50 5.25
Three Persons 3.50 3.50

AT ZION PARK (EAST OR WEST RIM) AND AT BRYCE (INTO CANYON)

_Rates per Person per Day (8 Hours) with Mounted Guide_
One Person $10.00
Two Persons 7.50
Three Persons 5.00

A half-day (4 hours) trip, with mounted guide, into Bryce Canyon is also available at following rates: one person, $9.00; two persons, $4.50 each; three or more persons, $3.00 each.

Saddle horses and guides are also available at V. T. Park Tourist Ranch in Kaibab Forest, and at Bright Angel “Wylie” Camp, North Rim of Grand Canyon, at reasonable rates approved by the Forest Service and the National Park Service, respectively.

Elevations

Feet
Cedar City 5,750
Rim of Great Basin 5,500
Pine Valley Mountains 10,250
Toquerville 3,100
Floor of Zion Canyon 4,100
Summit of West Temple 7,650
Cedar Breaks (Rim) 10,300
Brian Head 11,300
Navajo Lake 9,500
Cedar Breaks Junction 7,000
Bryce Canyon (Rim) 8,000
Pipe Spring 5,000
Fredonia 4,700
V. T. Park Tourist Ranch 8,700
Bright Angel Camp (North Rim, Grand Canyon) 8,300
Bright Angel Point (North Rim, Grand Canyon) 8,153
Point Imperial (North Rim, Grand Canyon) 9,000
Cape Royal (North Rim, Grand Canyon) 7,876
Cape Final (North Rim, Grand Canyon) 7,919
Point Sublime (North Rim, Grand Canyon) 7,464
Kanab 4,925

Table of Distances

BY RAILROAD

Miles
Salt Lake City, Utah, to Cedar City, Utah 275
Los Angeles, Calif., to Cedar City, Utah 574
Lund, Utah, to Cedar City, Utah 32.5

BY HIGHWAY

Cedar City to Toquerville 36.2
Cedar City to Zion National Park (Entrance) 62.1
Cedar City to Zion Lodge 64.8
Cedar City to Midway 19.9
Cedar City to Cedar Breaks Jctn 45
Cedar City to Cedar Breaks 23
Cedar City to Bryce Canyon National Monument 89
Cedar City to Pipe Spring National Monument 94.6
Cedar City to Fredonia 109.7
Cedar City to V. T. Park Tourist Ranch 165
Cedar City to Bright Angel Point (North Rim, Grand Canyon 200.8
National Park, via Zion National Park)
Zion National Park to Pipe Spring 45
Zion National Park to Fredonia 60
Zion National Park to Bright Angel Point (North Rim, Grand 136
Canyon National Park)
Cedar Breaks to Midway 3.1
Cedar Breaks to Navajo Lake 10.1
Cedar Breaks to Cedar Breaks Junction 28
Cedar Breaks to Red Canyon 56
Cedar Breaks to Bryce Canyon National Monument 70
Bright Angel Point (North Rim, Grand Canyon) to V. T. Park 18
Tourist Ranch
Bright Angel Point to Fredonia 75.6
Bright Angel Point to Kanab 82.4
Bright Angel Point Cedar Breaks Jctn 123
Bright Angel Point to Bryce Canyon National Monument 164.2

BY TRAIL

Zion Lodge to Great White Throne 2
Zion Lodge to The Narrows 6
Zion Lodge to Summit of Angels Landing 2.5
Zion Lodge to Observation Point 12
Zion Lodge to West Rim 12
Zion Lodge to Ranger Station 5
Zion Lodge to Summit of Lady Mountain 2
Bryce Canyon Lodge to floor of Canyon and return 1
Bryce Canyon Lodge to Tropic 11
Bright Angel Camp to Bright Angel Point .5
Bright Angel Camp to Point Imperial 9
Bright Angel Camp to Cape Final 12
Bright Angel Camp to Cliff Spring 15
Bright Angel Camp to Cape Royal 16
Bright Angel Camp to Cliff Dweller Spring 1
Bright Angel Camp to Point Sublime 35
V. T. Park Tourist Ranch to Point Imperial 22
V. T. Park Tourist Ranch to Cape Final 25
V. T. Park Tourist Ranch to Point Sublime 23

Stratified Rocks of Cedar Breaks, Bryce Canyon, Zion Canyon, Grand
Canyon and Intermediate Regions

Rearranged and visualized principally from unpublished studies of Willis T. Lee, by courtesy of the National Parks Association.

These strata presumably were once continuous over the entire Plateau Region and the Grand Canyon. Many were much thicker than now, having been eroded during long periods when the surface was temporarily lifted above sea level. Altogether they may cover a creative period exceeding ninety million years. Strata are said to be unconformable when they do not lie in regular, parallel sequence.

Read table from bottom upward for historical sequence.

1.--FROM BRYCE CANYON TO THE GRAND CANYON RIM

Cedar Breaks, some 2,000 feet higher than Bryce Canyon, is eroded from similar formation to that at Bryce Canyon.

FORMATION PRESENT GEOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION
DEPTH AGE
(_Feet_)
Basalt Bryce Sheets of very dark lava,
resting unconformably upon
the Pink Cliff below.
Pink Cliff 500 Eocene ″ Richly colored shales,
limestones and conglomerates,
most of them red, and
containing fossils.
Cretaceous Rocks 3000 Upper Gray to buff sandstone and
Cretaceous drab shales, alternating with
occasional coal beds.
McElmo Formation 800 Lower Shales and sandstones of many
Cretaceous colors.
Jurassic Rocks 600 Jurassic Drab shale, chocolate colored
limestone and occasional gray
gypsum beds.
White Cliff 1000 Jurassic Zion White, cross-bedded
sandstone. Modern geology
considers the White and
Vermilion Cliffs part of the
same formation, but
scenically they will always
be distinguished.
Vermilion Cliff 2000 Jurassic ″ Brilliant red, variegated,
massive sandstone.
Chinle Formation 350 Late Triassic ″ Mauve sandstone above, purple
and red shale below.
Shinarump 100 Late Triassic Brown, yellow and gray
Conglomerate conglomerate and sandstone,
celebrated for its petrified
trees.
Moenkopi 1600 Early Purple, yellowish-gray, dull
Formation Triassic red and coffee-brown
sandstones, in a great body
of rich red shale. Contains a
few layers of hard red, brown
and gray limestone and some
light-colored gypsum beds.
Known also as the Belted
Shales.
Kaibab Limestone 1800 Late The same gray, massive
Carboniferous limestone seen on the Rim of
the Grand Canyon. The road
from Cedar City to Zion
Canyon runs over it for
several miles.

II.--FROM THE GRAND CANYON RIM TO THE GRANITE GORGE

Kaibab Limestone 800 Late Grand Gray limestone formed in the
Carboniferous Canyon sea, as indicated by many
Carboniferous fossil shells.
At the Grand Canyon it is the
surface rock. In the Plateau
Country to the north, it lies
at the bottom of the series.
Coconino 300 Carboniferous ″ Very massive, cross-bedded
yellow sandstone.
Supai Formation 1100 Carboniferous ″ Alternating red shale and red
and brown sandstone, the
latter forming low cliffs.
This constitutes the greatest
red body of the Canyon wall.
Redwall Limestone 600 Carboniferous ″ Extremely hard blue or gray
limestone, forming the
greatest cliff of the Grand
Canyon. It is stained a vivid
red by the wash of the red
Supai shales above. The cliff
is a conspicuous feature of
the Canyon everywhere.
Missing Strata Devonian ″ During Devonian, Silurian and
Silurian Ordovician times, extensive
Ordovician strata were deposited upon
the Cambrian rocks below, but
were wholly eroded away
during a long uplift period
and the limestone known as
the Red Wall was deposited on
the Tonto during a succeeding
period.
Tonto Group 950 Cambrian ″ Olive green shale and
limestone, forming the broad
green floor of the Grand
Canyon, through which winds
the Granite Gorge.
Unkar and Chuar Algonkian ″ Greenish sandstones, fine
Groups known as quartzites and vividly red
the Grand shales, once 13,000 feet
Canyon Series thick, but here eroded away
till they appear only in
places.
Granite Gorge 1200 Archean ″ Schists metamorphosed from
sedentary rocks, and intruded
igneous rocks.

Footnotes

[1]_A table of the geological formations is on pages 45 and 46._

[2]_These accommodations are not operated by the Utah Parks Company and
the information given is subject to change._

Representatives of the Union Pacific System

Aberdeen, Wash. 3-4 Union Pass’r Sta., K F. E. STUDEBAKER, Dist.
and River Streets Freight and Passenger Agent
Astoria, Ore. Union Pacific System Wharf G. W. ROBERTS, District
Freight and Passenger Agent
Atlanta, Ga. 1232 Healey Building W. C. ELGIN, General Agent
Bend, Ore. E. H. McALLEN, Traveling
Freight and Passenger Agent
Birmingham, Ala. 742 Brown-Marx Building, J. H. DOUGHTY, General Agent
First Avenue and Twentieth
Street
Boise, Idaho 823 Idaho Street JOEL L. PRIEST, General Agent
Boston, Mass. 207-8 Old South Building, WILLARD MASSEY, General Agent
204 Washington Street
Butte, Mont. 229 Rialto Building, 4 HENRY COULAM, General Agent
South Main Street
Cheyenne, Wyo. Union Pacific Station O. B. STAPLETON, Ticket Agent
Chicago, Ill. 1421 Garland Building, 58 G. R. LEMMER, General Agent,
E. Washington Street Pass’r Department
Cincinnati, Ohio 704 Union Central Building, W. H. CONNOR, General Agent
Fourth and Vine Streets
J. STANLEY ORR, District
Passenger Agent
Cleveland, Ohio 941 Union Trust Building, W. H. BENHAM, General Agent
925 Euclid Avenue
Council Bluffs, City Ticket Office, 37 H. B. ELLER, City Ticket
Ia. Pearl Street Agent
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Building, 131 Lafayette
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Tulare Street and Van Ness Agent
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Freight and Passenger Agent
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Los Angeles, 221 South Broadway J. CRUICKSHANK, General
Calif. Agent, Passenger Department
A. T. JACKSON, District
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Milwaukee, Wis. 1205 Majestic Building, 221 E. G. CLAY, General Agent
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Oakland, Calif. 409 Henshaw Building, 433 JAMES WARRACK, General Agent
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Freight and Passenger Agent
Ogden, Utah 214 David Eccles Building, W. H. CHEVERS, General Agent
390 Twenty-Fourth Street
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Passenger Department
Pasadena, Calif. 395 East Colorado Street F. H. ADAMS, General Agent
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Building, 15th and Market
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Pittsburgh, Pa. 216 Oliver Building, JOHN D. CARTER, General Agent
Smithfield Street and Sixth
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EDWARD EMERY, District
Passenger Agent
Portland, Ore. 628-37 Pittock Block, L. E. OMER, City Passenger
385-1/2 Washington Street Agent
Redlands, Calif. 14 Cajon Street W. H. PETTIBONE, City
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Reno, Nev. 200 Nevada State Life F. D. WILSON, General Agent
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Building, 1006 Fourth
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Building, Frederick Avenue and Passenger Agent, St. J.
and Felix Street & G. I. Ry. Co.
St. Louis, Mo. 2053 Railway Exchange J. L. CARNEY, General Agent
Building, 611 Olive Street
Salt Lake City, City Ticket Office, Hotel E. A. SHEWE, District
Utah Utah, Main and South Temple Passenger Agent
Sts.
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San Francisco, City Ticket Office, 673 H. A. BUCK, District
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Freight and Passenger Agent
Santa Ana, Calif. 305 N. Main St. C. S. BROWNE, General Agent
Seattle, Wash. 201 Union Station, 4th Ave. W. H. OLIN, Ass’t General
and Jackson St. Freight and Passenger Agent
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Fourth Avenue Agent, Passenger Department
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Freight and Passenger Agent
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Freight and Passenger Agent
Toronto, Ontario 201 Canadian Pacific GEO. W. VAUX, General Agent
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Second Streets Freight and Passenger Agent
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Passenger Station and Passenger Agent
Yakima, Wash. Union Pacific Bldg., 104 H. M. WEST, District Freight
West Yakima Avenue and Passenger Agent

DEPARTMENT OF TOURS
(C. & N. W. Ry.--Union Pacific System)
C. J. COLLINS, Manager
148 S. Clark St., Chicago, Ill.

W. H. MURRAY
General Passenger Agent
OMAHA, NEB.