Chapter M: G. Mæso-Gothic (7)

---- _v. a._ == summon as a witness. M. Ode, st. 54. AS. teáma

Temper, _v. a._ == rule, restrain. RG. 72

---- _sb._ RG. 429

Tempest, _sb._ RG. 378

Temple, _sb._ RG. 14

Ten. RG. 430

Tence, _sb._ == cause of quarrel. Alys. 3025. Fr. tence, tenser

Tende, _v. a._ == light, kindle. RG. 407; part. ‘tende.’ RG. 534. AS. tendan

Tender, _adj._ RG. 315

Tenor, _sb._ Alys. 2977

Tenstringed, _adj._ Ps. cxliii. 9

Tent, _sb._ Alys. 4302

Tenth, _adj._ RG. 416, 473

Teo, _vb._ == draw. See Te

Term, _sb._ == set time. 1536 B.

Terrene, _adj._ Alys. 5685

Teste, _sb._ == head. Alys. 7112

Teyte, _adj._ == lively. HD. 1841. ON. teitr

Tha, == they. Ps. cxxiii. 3

---- == them. Ibid. 6

Thah. See Though

Thakke, _v. a._ == thwack. Cok. 140. AS. þacian

Than, _adv._ of comparison. RG. 459. See Then

Thane, _sb._ HD. 2260. pl. ‘thavenes’? RG. 202

Thanene. See Thence

Thank [thonc]. _sb._ RG. 485. Wright’s L. P. p. 37

---- _v. a._ RG. 452

Thankfully, _adv._ Pol. S. 156

Thanking, _sb._ Alys. 4065

Thar, _v. impers._ == it needs. See Thore, _v. n._

Tharmide, _adv._ == therewith. O. and N. 1368

Tharne, _v. a._ == lose, be deprived of. HD. 2492, 1912. See Gloss. to Ormulum, _s. v._ þarnenn

---- == endure. HD. 1687. See the Avowyng of Arthur, st. 66, v. 15

Thas, == takes? See Take

Thas, That. See under The

That, == done? See The, _v. a._

That, _conj._ RG. 377, et passim

Thave, _v. a._ == give. HD. 296; [thau]. Fragm. in Warton H. E. P. vol. i. p. 22. Cf. ‘thane’ and ‘cayn’ in Havelok

---- == bear, sustain. HD. 2696. AS. þafian

_THE._ _def. art._

_sing._ N. ‘the.’ RG. 115; ‘tho.’ RG. 12. ‘theo.’ Alys. 2325

G. ‘thare.’ O. and N. 28

D. ‘than.’ O. and N. 125, 133; ‘then.’ RG. 543; ‘thon.’ O. and N.
135; fem. ‘thare.’ O. and N. 1581; ‘there.’ Wright’s L. P. p. 95

A. ‘then.’ RG. 542; ‘thun.’ RG. 508

_plur._ N. ‘theo.’ Alys. 3411; ‘the.’ RG. 42

A. ‘the.’ RG. 42

constr. with subst. and adj., ‘the waters.’ RG. 374; ‘the
new forest.’ Ib. 375

with compar. adj., ‘the bet, the worse.’ RG. 374

The, _dem. pron._

_sing._ N. ‘the.’ O. and N. 798. neut. ‘that.’ RG. 377; ‘thet.’ RG.
387

D. ‘than.’ O. and N. 1684

A. ‘thut.’ 533

The, _rel. pron._ == who

_sing._ N. ‘the.’ O. and N. 1384, 1612; ‘that.’ RG. 387; ‘thit.’ HD.
2990

A. ‘that.’ RG. 387

_plur._ N. ‘that.’ RG. 387. Alys. 4656

The, _adv._ == there. HD. 863

The, _v. n._ == flourish, prosper. HD. 2606; Alys. 5472; [y-the]. RG. 428; part. pres. ‘theonige,’ for ‘theoninge.’ 149 B.; part. pass. ‘itheȝ.’ 151 B.; ‘y-then.’ RG. 346. AS. þeon

The, _v. a._ == do. M. Ode, 44. part. ‘that.’ HD. 1674. Germ. thun

The, == or, after ‘whether.’ O. and N. 822, 1358, 1360, 1406

Thede, _sb._ == country, [theode]. O. and N. 1581. HD. 105; territory. Alys. 96; place. HD. 2890. AS. þeód

Theft, _sb._ RG. 503

Thei. See Though

Thelde, _v. a._ == tell, give account of. Creed of St Athan. 93. ON. þylja. AS. þyle. The AS. þylian does not occur in this sense

Then, _adv._ [thonne]. RG. 115; [thanne]. O. and N. 508

---- == when [than]. O. and N. 421

Thence, _adv._ gen. of ‘then.’ [thannes], 1141 B.; [thanene]. RG. 377; [thethen]. Ps. cxxxi. 17

Thene, _v. n._ == reach to. Rel. S. i. 1. AS. þenian

There, _adv._ == of place. RG. 367; ‘thar.’ O. and N. 1612; ‘thore.’ Body and Soul, 98

---- with verbs, ‘there has.’ RG. 367

Thereafter, _adv._ RG. 401

Thereafterward, _adv._ Pilate, 110

Thereagainst, _adv._ 294 B.

Thereat, _adv._ RG. 464

Thereby, _adv._ [tharbi]. O. and N. 244

Therefore, _adv._ RG. 115; [thar forn]. Ps. xxxi. 4

Therefrom, _adv._ RG. 352

Therehence, _adv._ 1145 B.

Therein, _adv._ RG. 387

Thereof, _adv._ 100 B.; [thurof]. O. and N. 190

Thereon, _adv._ 546 B.

Thereout, _adv._ RG. 537

Thereover, _adv._ 516 B.

Therethrough, _adv._ 75 B.

Thereto, _adv._ 37 B.

Thereupon, _adv._ RG. 393

Therewith, _adv._ 272 B.

Therewithout, _adv._ 439 B.

Therne, _sb._ == a girl. HD. 298; O. Sax. therna. In the Avowyng of Arthur, st. 23, the word occurs under the form ‘thorne’

Thertekene, == mark thereto. HD. 2878. AS. tacnian

Thestri, _sb._ for ‘the estrie’ == the apparition, i. e. of the heavenly host. Wright’s L. P. p. 96. Fr. estrie

Thethen, == thence, _q. v._

Thevethorn, _sb._ == dog rose or wild briar Ps. lvii. 10. AS. þefe-þorn

Thew, _adj._ == in servitude. HD. 262, 221 B. AS. þeow

---- _vb._ See Underthewe

Thewes, _sb._ == manners, morals. Wright’s L. P. p. 23. AS. þeáw

Theymen, _sb._ == thew men or yeomen. RG. 330

Theyn, _sb._ == teen, hurt? Rel. Ant. i. 113

Thick, _adj._ RG. 412; used of air. Alys. 4079

---- _v. n._ == become thick. Alys. 3855. Fr. Sci. 309

Thief, _sb._ RG. 277, 428

Thiefly, _adv._ [theofliche]. 285 β. Alys. 4002

Thigg, _v. n._ == beg. Ps. cviii. 10. HD. 1373. AS. þicgan, to receive

Thiggand, _sb._ == beggar. Ps. xxxix. 18

Thigh, _sb._ [thy], RG. 244; [theo]. O. and N. 1495; pl. ‘thyes.’ RG. 417; ‘thes.’ HD. 1903. AS. þeoh

Thild, _sb._ == endurance. Ps. ix. 19. AS. þyld

Thin, _adj._ Wright’s L. P. p. 37; [thunne]. Ibid. p. 47

Thin. See Thou

Thine, _adj._ before a cons. RG. 238

Thing, _sb._ RG. 367, 379. AS. þing

---- == cause, reason; ‘for mine thinge’ == for my sake. O. and N. 434

Think, _v. n._ RG. 397; [ithenche]. O. and N. 723; pret. ‘thoȝte.’ RG. 369; part. ‘ithoȝt.’ 110 B. 1378 B.; AS. þencan

Think, _v. n._ == seem. 3 s. pres. ‘thunth.’ O. and N. 1590; ‘thinȝth.’ Fr. Sci. 96; ‘me thunch.’ O. and N. 1647; ‘me thuncth.’ O. and N. 1670; pret. ‘thoȝte.’ 10 B.; 16 B. AS. þincan

Thinking, _sb._ == thought. Ps. xviii. 15

Thinly, _adv._ Alys. 5922

Thinne, _v. a._ == extend. Ps. lix. 10; cvii. 10. AS. þenian

Third, _adj._ [þrydde]. RG. 397

Thire, _adj._ == thy. O. and N. 429

Thirle, _v. a._ == pierce. Wright’s L. P. p. 88. AS. þirlian

---- _sb._ == hole, hence a privy chamber. Ps. civ. 30. AS. þirel

Thirst, _sb._ [virst]. Body and Soul, 87

Thirteen. RG. 390

Thirteenth, _adj._ [thretteoth], 330 β

Thirtieth, _adj._ RG. 441

Thirty. RG. 375

This, _dem. pron._

_sing._ N. RG. 367

D. ‘thisse.’ O. and N. 659; ‘þusse.’ M. Ode, 172

A. ‘this.’ Wright’s L. P. p. 50; ‘thas.’ O. and N. 1440

_plur._ N. This == these. Wright’s L. P. p. 42; ‘thuse.’ Fr. Sci. 122

D. and A. ‘thenne.’ Wright’s L. P. p. 23

Thisterness, _sb._ == darkness. HD. 2191. AS. þýsternes. Germ. finsterniss

Thit, == that. HD. 2990

Thither, _adv._ [þuder]. RG. 543, 387

Thitherward. RG. 387

Thixil, _sb._ == an adze. Ps. lxxiii. 6; but the AS. þixl seems only to mean ‘the shaft of a waggon.’ In Wright’s Vocab. p. 275, we find ‘acia’ (i. e. ascia), translated ‘a tyxhyl’

Tho, _adv._ == then. RG. 384

---- == when. O. and N. 1688

---- == though, _q. v._

Thole, _v. a._ == endure. RG. 407, 509; part. ‘ytholed.’ RG. 24. AS. þólian

Tholemod, _adj._ == long-suffering. Alys. 393. Wright’s L. P. p. 72. AS. þólmód

Thong, _sb._ RG. 115

Thonk, _sb._ == thought. O. and N. 490

---- == will; ‘hire thonkes,’ gen. abs. == with her will. O. and N. 70, 292 B. M. Ode, st. 43. AS. þonc, þanc

Thonkyng, _sb._ == thought. ‘heore thonkyng.’ Alys. 1660

Thore, _v. n._ == dare. 581 β. 2 s. pres. ‘therstou.’ 585 β; pret. ‘therste.’ 895 B. ON. þora

---- _v. n._ == need. 120 β. 3 s. pres. ‘tharf.’ O. and N. 190; ‘thar.’ Ritson’s AS. viii. 57. AS. þearfan. Germ. dürfen

Thore. See There

Thore, ‘on thore lay.’ Wright’s L. P. p. 95; probably, ‘on or according to the law.’ ‘Thore’ is the dat. sing. of the def. art. AS. þǽre

Thorn, _sb._ 389 β

Thornback, _sb._ == a fish. HD. 759

Thorough, _prep._ See Through

Thoroughly, _adv._ == going right through. HD. 680

Thoste, _sb._ == dung. Pol. S. 237; Ps. lxxxii. 11. AS. þost

Thou, _sing._ N. ‘thou.’ RG. 115; ‘thu.’ O. and N. 71; ‘thow.’ Alys. 3371

G. ‘thin.’ ‘maugre thin.’ HD. 1128

A. ‘the.’ 424 B.

_plur._ N. ‘ȝe.’ 26 B.

A. ‘ȝou.’ 583 β; ‘eu.’ O. and N. 1791; ‘ow.’ Ibid. 1696

Though, _adv._ [tho]. RG. 371; [thei]. RG. 64; [thah], O. and N. 1272; [thof]. Creed of St Athan. 79; [theȝ]. 156 B.

Thought, _sb._ 38 and 41 B. Ps. cxviii. 97

---- == care, anxiety. RG. 506. Wright’s L. P. p. 53

Thoure, perhaps for ‘þo were.’ RG. 534, sed qu?

Thousand, _adj._ RG. 368, 454

---- _sb._ Ps. cxviii. 72

Thowen, _adj._ == virtuous. Wright’s L. P. p. 23. AS. þeáw

Thraldom, _sb._ RG. 12, 480

Thralhede, _sb._ == thraldom. RG. 47

Thrall, _sb._ == a slave. HD. 1097. AS. þræl

---- == subjection, servitude. RG. 143

Thraying, _part._ == chastening. Ps. lxxii. 14; [ȝraihand]. Ps. cxvii. 18. AS. þreagan

Threat, _v. a._ RG. 110; pret. ‘thrat.’ Wright’s L. P. p. 53; part. ‘thrat.’ Pol. S. 158

---- _v. n._ Wright’s L. P. p. 23

Threaten, _v. a._ RG. 457; 501

Threating, _sb._ 2107 B.

Threde, _v. a._ == either ‘dread’ or ‘threaten.’ 2107 B. Numerous examples of the interchange of ‘th’ and ‘d’ may be found in the Romance of Lybeaus Disconus, in Ritson’s Rom. vol. ii.; as ‘thoghty’ for ‘doughty,’ ‘tho’ for ‘do,’ &c.

Three. RG. 371; [thrinne]. HD. 716

Threpe, _v. a._ == convict, refute. Ps. xciii. 10. AS. þreapian

Threstelcock, _sb._ == thrush. Wright’s L. P. pp. 40, 43

Threte, == destroyed, worn out? Wright’s L. P. p. 23. From AS. ‘þroten,’ part. of ‘þreotan,’ to vex, oppress, wear out

Thrice, _adv._ RG. 490; [thrye]. RG. 191

Thrie, _sb._ == affliction. HD. 730. AS. þryccan, þrycnes

Thriddendele, _sb._ == third part. Alys. 5161

Thrift, _sb._ Wright’s L. P. p. 47

Thring, _v. n._ == push, press. O. and N. 794. AS. þringan

---- _v. a._ == dash to pieces. Ps. lxxii. 20; pret. ‘thrange.’ Ps. lxxvii. 59; part. ‘thrungen.’ Ps. lxxii. 22; ‘ithrunge.’ O. and N. 38

Thrinnes, _sb._ == Trinity. Creed of St Athan. 10, 11. AS. þrínes

Thriste, _adj._ == bold. O. and N. 758. AS. þrist

Thrive, _v. n._ RG. 11. ON. þrífaz. Dan. trives

Thrivemon, _sb._ == a thrifty man. Pol. S. 159

Thriven, _adj._ == virtuous, good. Wright’s L. P. pp. 23, 26; ‘thriven and thro.’ Body and Soul, 87; ‘thryven in thro.’ Wright’s L. P. p. 26, and see p. 39

Thro, _adj._ == bold, good. See under Thriven. AS. þreá

Throat, _sb._ Body and Soul, 148. AS. þróte

Throatbolle, _sb._ == windpipe. Rel. S. v. 173. AS. þrótbolla

Throe, _sb._ [thrawe]. Alys. 606. AS. þreág

Throghe, _sb._ == pit, sepulchre. Ps. lxvii. 7; lxxxvii. 5. AS. þruh

Throne, _sb._ 2343 B.; [trone]. Wright’s L. P. pp. 26, 47

Throng, _sb._ Alys. 3639. AS. þringan

Through, _prep._ == on account of. [thurf]. 21 B.; [thurs]. O. and N. 821; [thurch]. O. and N. 1396

---- == by means of. [thurth]. O. and N. 1426

---- == throughout (of time). [thurȝ]. O. and N. 447

---- == throughout (of place). [þoru]. RG. 373

---- == throughout. [þoru]. RG. 367

Throughgo, _v. n._ Ps. c. 2; pret. ‘thurghyhode.’ Ps. civ. 18

Throughout, _prep._ [þoru out]. RG. 416

---- _adv._ == entirely. O. and N. 877, 878; [thurfout]. 262 B.

Throw, _sb._ == a space of time. RG. 261; hence ‘a turn.’ O. and N. 260. AS. þrag

Throw, _v. a._ Rel. S. i. 37; pret. ‘threw.’ K. Horn, 1108; part. ‘ithrow.’ F. and P. 14

---- == throw from a horse. Alys. 2226; pret. ‘threowe.’ Alys. 2791

---- _v. n._ == fall from a horse. Alys. 2224

Throwing, _sb._ == unhorsing a knight. Alys. 1614

Thrughe, == a pit. See Throghe

Thrush, _sb._ [thruisse], Cok. 94

Thrust, _v. a._ == push out. HD. 1152

Thrustle, _sb._ == throstle, or thrush. Wright’s L. P. p. 26

Thulke, == this. RG. 373, 549; == that. RG. 412. From AS. þylc, i. e. þyllíc, the like. It is not used in AS. for the dem. pron., but occurs in Laȝamon in this sense

Thuman, _sb._ == yeoman. RG. 470

Thund, _adv._ == yonder. Fragm. in Warton, H. E. P. vol. i. p. 21

Thunder, _sb._ RG. 378

---- _v. n._ Ps. xvii. 14

Thundering, _sb._ RG. 414

Thursday. RG. 419, 532

Thurte, _adv._ == athwart, across, astride. HD. 10. AS. þweor

Thus, _adv._ RG. 443

Thuster, _sb._ == darkness. O. and N. 198. AS. þýstru

Thusterness, _sb._ == darkness. O. and N. 369; [thisterness]. HD. 2191

Thuvele, _sb._ == twigs, underwood. O. and N. 278. AS. þúfe

Thy, _adj._ RG. 238; [thire]. O. and N. 429

Tide, _sb._ == time. 37 β. AS. tíd

---- _v. n._ == happen. RG. 418. 1813 B.; [itid]. O. and N. 1254; 3 s. pres. ‘tid.’ RG. 134

Tideful, _adj._ == opportune. Ps. xxxi. 6

Tiding, _sb._ == news. RG. 383, 441

Tie, _v. a._ part. ‘iteid.’ 521 β

Tiger, _sb._ Alys. 5227

Tike, _sb._ == dog. Pol. S. 238. ON. tík

Till, _v. n._ == reach, extend. RG. 8, 151. Fr. Sci. 246. From ON. til == to; cf. AS. ‘till,’ an end, object

Till, _v. a._ == cultivate. RG. 21, 41. AS. tilian

Tilling, _sb._ Pol. S. 149; [talling]. Alys. 5932

Tilth, _sb._ Ps. civ. 12. AS. tilð

Timber, _sb._ Alys. 2885

Timbre, _sb._ == timbrel. Alys. 191

Time, _sb._ RG. 9, 370. In Ps. cxxxi. 5, ‘times’ is used for ‘brows,’ evidently a mistranslation of the Latin ‘tempora’

Timeful, _adj._ == suitable. Ps. cxliv. 15

Timely, _adv._ == in good time. RG. 258

Timing, _sb._ == time, season. Frag. in Warton, H. E. P., vol. i. p. 22

Timpan, _sb._ == drum. Ps. lxvii. 26; Ps. cxlix. 3

Tin, _sb._ RG. 1, 6

Tine. See Tende

Tine, _v. a._ == lose. HD. 2023. ON. týna

Tinsel, _sb._ == perdition, destruction. Ps. lxxxvii. 12. ON. týna

Tite, _adv._ == quickly. Ps. cv. 13; xxxvi. 2. AS. tíd, tídlíce

Tithe, _v. n._ == pay tithes; pret. ‘tetheȝede.’ RG. 261

Tithe, _v. a._ == grant. RG. 114. AS. tiðian

Tithing, _sb._ == a division of the hundred. RG. 267

Tithing, _sb._ == a tenth part [teoþing]. Judas, 135

Tiȝth. See Te

To, _prep._ ‘to this land,’ ‘to Scotlande.’ RG. 367

---- == towards. ‘to men.’ RG. 369

---- sign of dative case. RG. 370

To, _adv._ == till. Alys. 5902. Ps. xvii. 38

To, _adv._ == too, _q. v._

To, with infin., ‘to fle that cas.’ RG. 367; [te]. RG. 65

To, == two, _q. v._

Toad, _sb._ == frog; pl. ‘tade.’ Ps. lxxvii. 45

---- == toad. Body and Soul, 210

To and fro. Body and Soul, 184

Tobeat, _v. a._ == beat violently. O. and N. 1608

Toberste, _v. n._ == burst; part. ‘to-borste.’ Body and Soul, 159

---- _v. a._ == break in two; pret. ‘tobarst.’ Alys. 2154

Tobreak, _v. a._ == break in pieces. RG. 288, 419

---- _v. n._ K. Horn, 1109

Tobrede, _v. a._ == enlarge. Ps. iv. 2. AS. to-brædan

Tobrede, _v. a._ == tear in pieces; part. ‘tobrode.’ O. and N. 1006. AS. ‘tobredan’

Tobrenne, _v. a._ == kindle. Ps. ii. 13

Tobrise, _v. a._ == bruise; part. ‘tobrised.’ HD. 1950

Tobune, _v. a._ == strike violently. O. and N. 1164. AS. bana, bona

Tobuste, _v. a._ == batter, bang. O. and N. 1608

Tobuy, _v. a._ == buy; pret. ‘tobohte.’ Wright’s L. P. p. 93

Tochine, _v. a._ == split in pieces. O. and N. 1563; part. ‘tocoon.’ Alys. 573. See ‘tochon,’ in Gloss. to Laȝ. AS. tocínan

Tocleave, _v. a._ pret. ‘toclef.’ RG. 17, 401

Tocome, _v. n._ == come to, arrive. RG. 367

Tocrush, _v. a._ HD. 1992

Todash, _v. a._ RG. 540

Today, 295 β

Todele, _v. a._ == divide. RG. 492, 529

Todraw, _v. a._ == tear in pieces, destroy. RG. 422. Wright’s L. P. p. 111

---- == draw or carry. RG. 509

Todrive, _v. a._ == drive away, put to flight. RG. 458. Alys. 6216

Toe, _sb._ RG. 539; pl. ‘to.’ Marg. 46

Toflatt, _part._ == flattened. Alys. 5833

Toflight, _sb._ == refuge. Ps. xvii. 3

Tofore, _adv._ == before. RG. 377

Toforen, _adv._ == before. Wright’s L. P. p. 110

Tofrusshe, _v. a._ == smash. HD. 1993

Tofye, _v. n._ == dissolve in corruption. Wright’s L. P. p. 101. ON. fægja, to clean out. See ‘Defyyn’ and ‘Fyin’ in the Prompt. Parv., and the notes there

Together, _adv._ RG. 435; [togare]. K. Horn, 876

Tognaw, _v. a._ Alys. 6119

Tognide, _v. a._ == dash, bruise; pret. ‘tognodded.’ Ps. ci. 11. AS. gnídan

Togo, _v. n._ 3 pl. pret. ‘togane.’ Ps. ii. 2

Tohene, _v. a._ == vex, scorn. O. and N. 1127. AS. hýnan

Tohew, _v. a._ RG. 540; pret. ‘tohewe.’ Alys. 5704

Token, _sb._ RG. 291

Tokening, _sb._ == a token, or sign. RG. 396

---- == making signs. Alys. 6439

Toknit, _v. a._ Ps. cxlvi. 3

Tolene, _part._ == lent. Wright’s L. P. p. 49

Toll, _sb._ == tax. Pol. S. 237. Alys. 3795. AS. tól

Toll, _v. a._ == tull, allure. O. and N. 1625. ON. túlka, allicere

Tolonst, _part._ == lanced, pierced. Alys. 1621

Tolyvre, _v. a._ == deliver. Pol. S. 237

Tomb, _sb._ RG. 224

Tome, _sb._ == leisure. RG. 557. ON. tóm

---- _adj._ == vain, useless. O. and N. 1670. AS. tom. ON. tómr

Tomehed, _sb._ == vanity. Ps. xxiv. 4; xxxiv. 7

Tomorrow. 898 B.

Tomourn, _v. n._ == mourn. Wright’s L. P. p. 86

Toname, _sb._ == surname. RG. 431. The reading ‘tuo name’ is clearly an error

Tone. See Teen

Tong, _sb._ O. and N. 156. pl. ‘tangen,’ 475 β. AS. tange

Tongue, _sb._ 645 B.

Toningue ? Creed of St Athan. 18. Possibly a mistake for ‘theoning.’ AS. þeonung, power

Too, _adv._ [to] ‘to fewe.’ 174 B.

Tool, _sb._ == sword. Alys. 815

Tooth, _sb._ RG. 407

Toothed, _adj._ Alys. 5408

Top, _sb._ == spinning top. Alys. 1706. Dan. top

Top, _sb._ == a lock or curl of wool. O. and N. 428. AS. top

Top, _sb._ == head. Marg. 47

---- == summit. 339 β ON. toppr

Top, _v. n._ == wrestle, fight together. Pilate, 15. Dut. toppen. Kil.

Topaziune, _sb._ == topaz. Cok. 90. Ps. cxviii. 127

Toqueme, _adv._ == agreeably. Creed of St Athan. 5. See Gloss. to Orm. _s. v._ tocweme

Toraced, _part._ == broken in pieces. RG. 22. ON. rekja, part. rakit, to undo, unweave

Toraunced, _part._ == broken in pieces. RG. 216. This is probably only another form of the preceding word

Toreave, _v. a._ == tear; pret. ‘torof.’ RG. 29

Torede, _v. a._ HD. 118

Torel, _sb._ == tower. Alys. 3239

Torend, _v. a._ Alys. 6622, 7881

Torforth, == multitudes? Alys. 3205. W. torf

Torive, _v. a._ == split. Alys. 6217; part. ‘toriven.’ HD. 1954

Torment, _sb._ St Andrew, 18. St Kath. 165

Tormenting, _sb._ St Andrew, 57

Tormentor, _sb._ St Andrew, 81

Tort. See Turd

Toshake, _v. a._ O. and N. 1645

Toshene, _v. a._ == destroy. O. and N. 1118. AS. to-scǽnan

Toshiver, _v. n._ Alys. 2728

---- _v. a._ HD. 1993

Toslit, _v. a._ O. and N. 694

Tospill, _v. a._ Ps. xliii. 8

Tospread, _v. a._ RG. 160

Toswolle, _part._ == swollen. Pol. S. 157

Tote, _v. n._ == look, spy. HD. 2104. Swed. titta

Totear, _v. a._ Alys. 6297; pret. ‘totare.’ Alys. 4658; part. ‘totorn.’ HD. 1948

Tothriste, _adj._ == very bold. O. and N. 171. AS. þrist

Tothute, _vb._ pret. == thou hast confounded. Ps. xiii. 6. AS. þýwan?

Totill, _v. a._ == cultivate. Fr. Sci. 42

Totorve, _v. a._ == throw missiles at. O. and N. 1164. In v. 1117, ‘totorneth’ is probably a misprint for ‘totorveth.’ AS. torfian

Totose, _v. n._ == hurt, injure. O. and N. 70; part. ‘totused.’ HD. 1948. AS. teosu

Totread, _v. a._ 3 pl. pret. ‘totraden.’ Alys. 3946

Totwitch, _v. a._ == pluck at. O. and N. 1645. AS. twiccian

Touch, _v. a._ 2229 B.

Touching, _sb._ St Lucy, 33

Tough, _adj._ [tou]. RG. 515; [touȝt]. RG. 510; [toȝte]. O. and N. 703; [tohte]. O. and N. 1444. AS. tóh

Toupe, _sb._ == a tup, ram. Ritson’s AS. viii. 107. Sw. tuppa, a cock

Tour, _sb._ == arrangement, business. RG. 468. Fr. tour

Tournament, _sb._ RG. 384, 534

Tourney, _sb._ 213 B.

Tourneying, _sb._ == jousting in tournaments. Alys. 1045

Toute, _sb._ == rump. Cok. 134. Dut. stuit. ON. torta. Cf. Fr. touton. Cotgr.

Toward, _prep._ == on the side of; ‘toward Normandye.’ RG. 2

---- _adv._ == this way; ‘toward, fraward.’ Ps. cxviii. 8

Tower, _sb._ RG. 402

Towhen, _adv._ == how long? Ps. iv. 3; lxxxviii. 47

Town, _sb._ RG. 378, 512

Townsman, _sb._ Rel. Ant. i. 144

Towrench, _v. a._ == extricate. Body and Soul, 155

Towrest, _v. a._ == force open. Body and Soul, 189

Toyear, == this year. 235 β. Ritson’s AS. viii. 183

Tprot, == interjection of contempt. Pol. S. 223

Trace, _sb._ ‘took a trace’ == retired. Alys. 7771. Fr. traxir

Traitor, _sb._ RG. 519

Traitory, _sb._ == treason. Alys. 3983

Transcript, _sb._ 548 B.

Transmigration, _sb._ RG. 9

Trappe, _sb._ == trappings. Alys. 1606

Travail, _sb._ RG. 379, 395

Trayed, _part._ == annoyed. Alys. 3046. AS. tréga

Treachery, _sb._ RG. 56

Treachour, _sb._ RG. 455

Treacle, _sb._ [tracle]. Cok. 82. See Triacle

Tread, _v. a._ RG. 132

---- == copulate. part. ‘itrede.’ O. and N. 501

Treason, _sb._ RG. 385, 447

Treasure, _sb._ RG. 375

Treasurer, _sb._ Alys. 826

Treasury, _sb._ RG. 374

Treble, _adj._ == triple. Alys. 6606

Treche, _sb._ == track. RG. 145. Fr. trache

Tree, _sb._ == RG. 408, 536; [trough]. Alys. 6829; [trowe]. Alys. 6762

Treisuses. Rel. Ant. ii. p. 176; probably a corruption of Fr. ‘trés usés;’ old worn pieces of leather, to the use of which the cobblers were restricted in mending shoes. The alutarii, or cordwainers, on the other hand, were confined to the _making_ of shoes with _new_ leather

Trenne, _v. a._ == separate. Rel. Ant. ii. 212

Tresche, _sb._ == trench. AG. 552

Trespass, _sb._ RG. 374, 528

---- _v. n._ Pol. S. 198

Tressed, _adj._ Alys. 5409

Tressure, _sb._ == tresses. Wright’s L. P. p. 105

Treye, _sb._ == sorrow. Rel. Ant. i. 113. AS. tréga

Triacle, _sb._ == medicine, remedy. Alys. 5071. Wright’s L. P. p. 26

Trichard, _sb._ == deceiver. Pol. S. 69

Trick, _v. n._ == deceive [trichen]. Pol. S. 69

Trie, _adj._ == choice. Cok. 19, 73; Rel. Ant. ii. p. 176

Trifle, _sb._ RG. 417. Lit. ‘a small piece,’ from AS. trifelan, to pound

---- _v. n._ part. ‘trifling.’ St Dunstan, 74

Trinity, _sb._ RG. 532

Tripe, _sb._ Alys. 1578. Rel. Ant. ii. p. 176. Fr. tripe. Ital. trippa

Trobles. Rel. Ant. ii. p. 176; probably a corruption of Fr. ‘troblés,’ waste, spoilt leather; from Fr. ‘trobler’ == corrompre, gâter, Roq. See Treisuses

Trod, _sb._ == tread, or track. Body and Soul, 212. AS. trod

Tromcheri, _sb._ == trumpery? Rel. Ant. ii. p. 176. Fr. troncer, to break into small pieces. Cf. Gawin Douglas’s ‘trumpis,’ fragments, which is probably the origin of the modern form

Trome, _sb._ == a company. HD. 8. AS. truma

Trone. See Throne

Tronn (sic in MS.), _sb._ == a steelyard. Rel. Ant. ii. p. 176

Trotevale, _sb._ == trifling, joke. Body and Soul, 146. Lat. titivillitia

Troth, _sb._ == betrothal. K. Horn, 694

Trouble, _adj._ == troubled, murky. Alys. 4709

Troué, _sb._ == hole. Alys. 7465. Fr. trou

Trough. See Tree

Trow, _v. a._ == believe. RG. 110

Trowe, _sb._ == trust, belief. Wright’s L. P. p. 100. AS. treów

Trowe. See Tree

Truage, _sb._ == fealty. RG. 39, 372

Truce, _sb._ RG. 529. AS. trúwa. Fr. tréve, truwe

True, _adj._ RG. 377

Trueness, _sb._ RG. 391

Truly, _adv._ RG. 93

Trump, _sb._ == trumpet. RG. 396

Trumper, _sb._ == trumpeter. Alys. 3426

Trumping, _sb._ Alys. 925

Truncheon [tronchon], _sb._ == part of a broken spear. Alys. 3745

Trundle [trendli], _v. n._ == roll. O. and N. 135. AS. trendel

Truss, _sb._ Wright’s L. P. pp. 110, 111. Fr. torser, trusser

---- _v. a._ == pack up. HD. 2017. Alys. 990

---- == fasten. Alys. 5477

---- _v. n._ == prepare oneself. RG. 487. Alys. 7160

Trust, _v. a._ RG. 468, 469

---- _v. n._ [triste]. O. and N. 760; [traiste]. Ps. cxxiv. 1

Trusty, _adj._ Wright’s L. P. p. 47

Truth, _sb._ RG. 388, 457; [trauthe]. Creed of St Athan. 4; [trauht]. Ibid. 87

Try, _v. a._ == refine, as gold; part. ‘ytried.’ Alys. 828

Trysthor, _sb._ == traitor. RG. 302

Trywede, _sb._ == truth, good faith. RG. 358

Tubrugge, _sb._ == townbridge. RG. 543. Pol. S. 222

Tuenge, _v. n._ == pinch. See Twinge

Tuesday. RG. 552

Tug, _v. n._ Body and Soul, 226; part. ‘ytuht.’ Pol. S. 220. AS. tcohhian

Tuke, _v. n._ == harass, punish. O. and N. 63. AS. tucian

Tumble, _v. n._ Alys. 2465. AS. tumbian

Tumbrel, _sb._ == a porpoise. HD. 757. Swed. tumlare

Turd, _sb._ == excrement [tort]. O. and N. 1684. AS. tord

Turf, _sb._ HD. 939. O. and N. 1165 AS. turf

Turn, _v. n._ == return; ‘turnde again.’ RG. 387. 53 B.

---- with ‘to’ == become; ‘turn to ill.’ RG. 375

---- == turn against a person. RG. 367

---- _v. a._ == turn one’s back on a person. RG. 525; part. ‘yturned.’ RG. 28

---- == convert. St Swithin, 10

Turnay, _sb._ == tournament. Alys. 141

Turneying, _sb._ Alys. 1045

Turtle, _sb._ == dove. Ps. lxxxiii. 11. Wright’s L. P. p. 26

Tusk, _sb._ Ps. lvii. 7. AS. tux

Twege, _sb._ == doubt. M. Ode, st. 177. AS. tweogan

Twelfth, _adj._ RG. 416, 446

Twelfthnight. Alys. 6403

Twelve. RG. 18, 492

Twelvemonth, _sb._ == year. Pol. S. 71

Twentieth, _adj._ RG. 439

Twenty. RG. 440

Twere, _sb._ == doubt, subject of doubt, O. and N. 989. AS. tweo. S. Goth. twe

Twibil, _sb._ == axe. Wright’s L. P. p. 110. AS. twý-bill

Twice, _adv._ [tuye]. RG. 222

Twifald, _v. n._ == hesitate. Ps. lxv. 14; cv. 33

Twinge, _v. a._ [tuenge] == pinch. St Dunst. 81. O. and N. 156

---- == persecute. Ps. xvi. 9. Dan. tvinge.

Twinging, _sb._ == persecution. Ps. xvii. 19

Twinkling, _sb._ == ‘in the twinkling of an eye.’ Wright’s L. P. p. 106. AS. twinclian

---- == twangling, or tinkling (of a harp). Alys. 2572

Twinne, _v. a._ == divide. Ps. liv. 10

---- _v. n._ == separate, stand aloof from. Ps. xvi. 13. AS. twý

Two [tuo]. RG. 368; [to]. RG. 538

n. pl. ‘tweie.’ O. and N. 793

gen. pl. ‘tweire.’ O. and N. 886; ‘twam.’ O. and N. 1475; ‘twom.’ O.
and N. 989

Twom. See Two

Tyffen, _v. a._ == adorn. Alys. 4109. Manuel des Pecches, 3204, 3208. ON. typpa.

Tyfyng, _sb._ == ornament. Manuel des Pecches, 3242

Tyrant, _sb._ RG. 389. pl. ‘tyranne.’ Alys. 7499

U.

Ughtening, _sb._ == dawn, See Uȝtening, Uȝten

Umben, _prep._ == around. Wright’s L. P. p. 35. AS. ymbe

Umbestonde, _adv._ == formerly. HD. 2297. Wright’s L. P. p. 46

Umbewhile, _adv._ == at times. Wright’s L. P. p. 49

Umbistand, _v. a._ == surround; pret. ‘umbistode.’ HD. 1875

Umbiyeden, _vb._ == surrounded. HD. 1842

Umgang, _sb._ == circuit. Ps. xi. 9

Umgive, _v. a._ == surround. Ps. vii. 8

Umgo, _v. n._ == go round; imper. ‘umga’ Ps. lviii. 7

Umgripe, _v. a._ == embrace. Ps. lxxviii. 8

Umklip, _v. a._ == embrace. Ps. xlvii. 13

Umlap, _v. a._ == encircle. Ps. xxxix. 13; lxx. 11. AS. læppa, a hem, border

Umlock, _v. a._ Ps. lxxvii. 62

Umset, _v. a._ == surround. Ps. xxi. 13

Umshadow, _v. a._ == overshadow. Ps. xc. 4

Umstanding, _sb._ == circumstance. Ps. cxl. 3

Umtipped, _part._ == dressed. Ps. cxliii. 12. See Tyffen

Unalike, _adj._ 140 β

Unarmed, _adj._ RG. 543

Unaware, _adj._ [unwar, uniwar]. RG. 88

Unbecomely, _adj._ K. Horn, 1097

Unbegotten, _adj._ [unbeȝet]. Signa ante Jud. 31

Unbind, _v. a._ RG. 74, 318; part. ‘unbound.’ RG. 161

Unblithe, _adj._ HD. 141. Wright’s L. P. p. 30

Unbold, _adj._ Wright’s L. P. p. 100

Unborn, _adj._ Manuel des Pecches, 4857

Unbought, _adj._ Rel. Ant. i. 114

---- == unrecompensed. M. Ode, st. 30

Unbrede, _v. a._ == open. Pol. S. 156. AS. on-bredan

Unbroad, _adj._ [unbrad]. Pol. S. 156

Unburied, _adj._ RG. 219, 416

Unbuxom, _adj._ == disobedient. Rel. S. vi. 10

Unbuxomness, _sb._ Manuel des Pecches, 3013

Uncle, _sb._ RG. 446

Unclean, _adj._ RG. 351

Uncleanness, _sb._ RG. 434

Unclothe, _v. a._ HD. 659

Uncomely, _adj._ Body and Soul, 59

Uncouth, _adj._ == unknown. Alys. 5993; == unknowing in an act, sense. Wright’s L. P. p. 103? AS. uncúð

Uncunning, _sb._ 1024 B.

Under, _prep._ RG. 480; ‘under that’ == until. RG. 451

---- _v. a._ == put under. Ps. xvii. 48

Under, _sb._ See Undern

Underandnes, _sb._ == harmlessness. Ps. vii. 9. AS. derian

Underdo, _v. a._ == cheat. K. Horn, 1471

Underfang, _v. a._ == take up. RG. 371; pret. ‘underfong’

---- == understand. HD. 115

---- == elect. RG. 447

---- == receive, acknowledge. RG. 461. Wright’s L. P. p. 59

Underfind, _v. a._ == discover. Wright’s L. P. p. 45

Underfoot. 2031 B.

Underganging, _sb._ == humiliation. Ps. xl. 10

Undergo, _v. a._ == make to go under. Ps. xvi. 13

Underhand, == under one’s hand, in one’s power. RG. 141

Underlay, _v. a._ == put under. Ps. viii. 8

Underlout, _v. n._ == bow to. Ps. lix. 10; xxxvi. 7. AS. underlútan

Undern, _sb._ == third hour of the day, or 9 A.M. 2482 B.; [under]. Wright’s L. P. p. 41. AS. undern. MG. undaurns

Undernime, _v. a._ == take up. Body and Soul, 111

Understand, _v. a._ RG. 386; ‘Thu nart understonde’ == thou dost not understand. RG. 453

---- _v. n._ RG. 78; ‘To understonde hym’ == ‘suggest to himself or devise.’ RG. 431

Understanding, _sb._ Ps. cx. 10; cxviii. 73

Underthewe, _v. a._ == subdue. Alys. 1406. AS. under þeowan

Underwit, _v. a._ == understand; pret. ‘underwat.’ O. and N. 1089

Underȝete, _v. a._ == understand. RG. 401; perceive, discover. RG. 165. AS. under-gitan

Undeserved, _adj._ RG. 54

Undo, _v. a._ == destroy. RG. 384, 477

---- == open. Wright’s L. P. pp. 58, 71

Undreh, == intolerable? Wright’s L. P. p. 41. AS. dreogan

Uneasily, _adv._ 2252 B.

Uneasy, _adj._ 1482 B.

Uneaten, _adj._ [un-y-ete]. 296 β

Unelde, _sb._ == extreme old age. Ps. lxx. 18

Unele, _sb._ == sickness. RG. 377. AS. unhǽlu

---- == wickedness. RG. 384

---- _adj._ == evil. RG. 428

---- _v. n._ == become sick. RG. 349

Unfain, _adj._ Rel. Ant. i. 113

Unfast, _adj._ == insecure. Ps. xvii. 27

Unfele, _adj._ == evil. O. and N. 1379. See ‘unfæle’ in Gloss, to Laȝ.

Unfest, _adj._ == insecure. Ps. xxv. 1; xxvi. 2

Unfestand, _adj._ == insecure. Ps. ix. 4

Unfete, _adj._ == not feat, not good. Wright’s L. P. p. 43. Fr. faiteis

Unfiled, _adj._ == undefiled. Ps. xvii. 31

Unfillandlike, _adj._ == insatiable. Ps. c. 5

Unforholde, _adj._ == unrewarded. M. Ode, st. 30. AS. unforgolden

Unfree, _adj._ == niggardly, illiberal. Rel. Ant. ii. p. 191

Unfulmaking, _sb._ == imperfection. Ps. cxxxviii. 16

Ungirt, _part._ RG. 526

Unglad, _adj._ Wright’s L. P. p. 29

Ungood, _adj._ O. and N. 129. Ps. i. 1

Ungreithe, Ungreithed, _adj._ == unready. Wright’s L. P. p. 99. 2241 B.

Ungrete, _sb._ == smallness. O. and N. 752

Unhallowed, _adj._ RG. 349

Unhealth, _sb._ M. Ode, st. 96, 8

Unhele, _v. a._ == uncover. Ps. xxviii. 9. AS. unhélan

Unhendly, _adv._ RG. 412

Unholde, _adj._ == unpleasant. Wright’s L. P. p. 24. AS. unhold

Unhonest, _adj._ == foul, indecent. Alys. 6472

Unhooded, _adj._ Ritson’s AS. xvii. 126

---- == lay, a layman. O. and N. 1176

Unhosed, _adj._ RG. 526

Unicorn, _sb._ Alys. 6710. Ps. xxviii. 6

Unisome, _adj._ == disunited. O. and N. 1520

Uniune, _sb._ == pearl. Cok. 87. Lat. unio

Unker, == of us two. See I

Unkevel, _v. a._ == uncover. HD. 601

Unkindly, _adv._ == against nature or kind. HD. 1250

---- == cruelly. 1540 B.

Unkindness, _sb._ RG. 31

Unkunde, _adj._ == not legitimate (of a king). RG. 423

Unkundede, _sb._ == unkindness. RG. 479

Unlast, _v. n._ == not to last. Ps. lxxxix. 6

Unlaw, _v. a._ == outlaw. RG. 473. 602 B.

Unlawfully, _adv._ Wright’s L. P. p. 53

Unlede, _adj._ == wicked. O. and N. 974. AS. unlǽd

Unlength, _sb._ == want of length. O. and N. 752

Unliche, _adv._ == only. Alys. 69

Unlike, _adj._ O. and N. 804

Unlovesome, _adj._ Alys. 6423

Unlust, _sb._ == misery, want of pleasure. Body and Soul, 95

Unmade, _adj._ Creed of St Athan. 31

Unmarried, _adj._ RG. 31

Unmeek, _adj._ Ps. iv. 3

Unmeet, _adj._ Wright’s L. P. p. 23

Unmerry, _adj._ [unmurie]. O. and N. 346

Unmethe, _sb._ == want of moderation. O. and N. 352. AS. unmæte

Unmight, _sb._ == weakness. 1443 B.

Unmighty, _adj._ Wright’s L. P. p. 22

Unmild, _adj._ O. and N. 61; 1497 B.

Unnait, _adj._ == vain, useless. Ps. ii. 1. AS. unnet

Unnaitlike, _adv._ == vainly. Ps. xxxviii. 12

Unnaitnes, _sb._ == vanity. Ps. xl. 7

Unne, _v. a._ == love. Wright’s L. P. p. 40. ON. unna

Unne, _v. n._ == grant, allow. M. Ode, 158; 1 s. pres. ‘an.’ O. and N. 1737. AS. unnan

Unnethe, _adv._ == scarcely. RG. 377, 491

Unnoteful, _adj._ == useless. Ps. lii. 4

Unorn, _adj._ == rude. K. Horn, 328. AS. unórne, unórnlíc

Unornelske, _adv._ == rudely. HD. 1941

Unpared, _adj._ Pilate, 232

Unplye, _v. a._ == unfold. Alys. 3000

Unquert, _sb._ == sorrow. Ps. xxx. 13. See Quert

---- _adj._ == sorrowful. Ps. x. 3

Unred, _sb._ == want of wisdom. O. and N. 161. AS. unrǽd

Unreken, _adj._ == disorderly, bad. Wright’s L. P. p. 100. AS. ungerec

Unride, _adj._ == large. HD. 964; unwieldy. HD. 1795; deep, or wide (of a wound). HD. 1981, 2673; numerous. HD. 2947. AS. ungerýdu

Unright, _sb._ RG. 375, 417

---- _adj._ 330 B.

Unrighteous, _adj._ Ps. v. 6

Unrighteousness, _sb._ Ps. xxxvi. 7

Unrightfulness, _sb._ O. and N. 1740

Unripe, _adj._ O. and N. 320

Unroned, _adj._ == desolate. Ps. lxxviii. 7. See Rone

Unroningness, _sb._ == desolation. Ps. lxxii. 18

Unryde, _v. n._ == make incursion, attack. Manuel des Pecches, v. 904. AS. onrídan

Unsaht, _adj._ == unreconciled. Wright’s L. P. p. 42. AS. unsæht

Unseemly, _adj._ Wright’s L. P. p. 31

Unsele, _adj._ == miserable, bad. O. and N. 1002. AS. unsǽl

Unselines, _sb._ == misery. Ps. xiii. 3

Unselthe, _sb._ == misfortune. M. Ode, st. 96. O. and N. 1261

Unsete, _adj._ == not good, or right. Wright’s L. P. pp. 23, 31. AS. unsidu

Unsewed, _part._ Pilate, 169

Unshapen, _adj._ == uncreated. Creed of St Athan. 23

Unshent, _adj._ == unpunished. Manuel des Pecches, 2733

Unshrined, _adj._ RG. 518

Unshut, _adj._ Alys. 2767

Unsithe, _sb._ == misfortune. O. and N. 1162. AS. unsið

Unsode, _adj._ == unsodden, unboiled. O. and N. 1005

Unspeedy, _adj._ Ps. lxxxviii. 35

Unspring, _v. n._ == open? Alys. 2902

Unspurn, _v. a._ == kick open. K. Horn, 1106

Unstable, _adj._ RG. 510

Unsteadfast, _adj._ Moral Ode, st. 122

Unstoken, _part._ == unfastened. Alys. 2682

Unstrength, _sb._ == weakness. O. and N. 151

Unstrong, _adj._ O. and N. 561

Unswere, _v. a._ == free from oppression. Fragm. in Warton, H. E. P. vol. i. p. 22

Unthank, _sb._ gen. abs. ‘unthank his’ == against his will. Body and Soul, 215. Cf. ‘his thonkes,’ &c. _s. v._ Thonk. AS. unþanc; and see the Gloss. to Laȝamon and the Ormulum, _s. v._ Unthanc

Untheand, _adj._ == disobedient. Rel. S. vi. 9. AS. þewian

Unthenfol, _adj._ == unthankful. Pol. S. 159

Unthewe, _sb._ == bad manners, vice. Wright’s L. P. p. 73. O. and N. 194. AS. unþeáw

Untholandlik, _adj._ == unendurable. Ps. cxxiii. 5. AS. þólian

Untid, _sb._ == unfitness, that which is unseasonable, or wrong. Body and Soul, 43. AS. untíd

Untie, _v. n._ == become untied [untuen]. Wright’s L. P. p. 101

Untilled, _adj._ RG. 372

Untime, _sb._ == wrong time. Manuel des Pecches, 2965

Untiȝth, _sb._ == lit. want of discipline; hence wrong, wickedness. Body and Soul, 107. AS. tyht

Untoun, _adj._ == lit. ‘not suited to the town;’ hence, rude, uncivil. Wright’s L. P. p. 32

Untrue, _adj._ Wright’s L. P. p. 32

Untrueness, _sb._ == wickedness. M. Ode, 135

Unused, _adj._ RG. 214

Unwarned, _adj._ == undefended. RG. 51

Unwate, _sb._ == misfortune. O. and N. 1265, 1196. AS. hwatu, auguries; hence, unhwatu, bad auguries, misfortune

Unwater, _v. a._ == give out water. Ps. lxxvii. 20

Unwatery, _adj._ Ps. lxii. 3

Unwelde, _sb._ == weakness. Ps. lxx. 9

Unwemmed, _adj._ == unspotted, undefiled. Ps. xviii. 8

Unwight, _sb._ == wretch. O. and N. 33, 218

Unwill, _adj._ == desirable. O. and N. 347. AS. onwill

Unwill, _adj._ == unpleasant. O. and N. 422. AS. unwilla

Unwisdom, _sb._ Ps. xxi. 3; lxviii. 6

Unwise, _adj._ Wright’s L. P. p. 101. Pol. S. 153

Unwitandnes, _sb._ == ignorance. Ps. xxiv. 7

Unworshiply, _adv._ Manuel des Pecches, 980

Unworth, _sb._ 654 B.

---- _adj._ 653 B.

Unworthy, _adj._ RG. 412. O. and N. 339

Unwraste, _adj._ == weak, wicked. Wright’s L. P. p. 37. Alys. 878; [unwerste]. O. and N. 178. AS. unwrest. ON. hres, spirited; óhres, languid, weak. See the Gloss. to Laȝamon and the Ormulum, _s. v._

Unwre, _v. a._ == discover. RG. 508. See Unwreon

Unwrench, _sb._ == trick, evil design. O. and N. 169. Rel. S. v. 94. AS. unwrenc

Unwreon, _v. a._ == unfold. Alys. 336; part. ‘unwreȝe.’ O. and N. 846

Unwrought [unwroȝten], _adj._ == undone, destroyed. O. and N. 162

Unwunne, _sb._ == sorrow. Wright’s L. P. p. 47

Up, == upon; prep. RG. 321, 437

---- _adv._ RG. 143

Upbear, _v. a._ Alys. 5163; part. ‘upborn.’ Ps. cxxx. 1

Upbraid, _v. a._ 1784 B.

Upbraiding, _sb._ Ps. xxxviii. 9

Updraw, _v. a._ Alys. 2633

Upe. See Upon

Upfeng, _v. a._ == take up; pret. ‘upfang.’ Ps. cxvii. 13

Upheave, _v. a._ == lift up. Ps. iii. 4; part. ‘uphoven.’ Ps. lxxiv. 11

---- _v. n._ == rise. Ps. vii. 7

Upland, _sb._ Manuel des Pecches, 1318

Uplift, _v. a._ Ps. lxxxvii. 16

Upon, _prep._ Wright’s L. P. p. 26; [upe]. RG. 505, 506

Upperest, _adj._ Alys. 7068

Uprear, _v. a._ Ps. cxliv. 14

Uprise, _v. n._ Ps. vii. 7; pret. ‘upras.’ Ps. cxxxviii. 18; part. ‘uprisynde.’ Alys. 2270

Uprising, _sb._ RG. 379. F. and P. 6

Upstand, _v. n._ == stand up. Ps. ii. 2

Upsteghing, _sb._ Ps. ciii. 3

Upstie, _v. n._ == go up. pret. ‘upstegh.’ Creed of St Athan. 75

Uptake, _v. a._ RG. 387; pret. ‘uptoke.’ Ps. xxvi. 10

Upward, _adv._ RG. 321

Urling, _sb._ == edge. Ps. cxxxii. 2. Fr. orle. Ital. orlo

Urne, _v. n._ == run. O. and N. 638; pret. ‘ourne.’ RG. 405; ‘orn.’ Wright’s L. P. p. 58; part. ‘urmynde,’ a mistake for ‘urnynge.’ RG. 402; ‘y-eornd.’ Alys. 4357. AS. yrnan

Usage, _sb._ == custom. Alys. 4211. RG. 191

Use, _v. a._ Alys. 5256; part. ‘y-used.’ 476 B.

Usurer, _sb._ Manuel des Pecches, 2453

Ute, _adv._ == let us; used with verbs. M. Ode, st. 168. AS. ute

Utenlad, _sb._ == a foreigner. HD. 2153. AS. utlænd

Uthalve, _adv._ == on the outer part. O. and N. 110

Uthest, _sb._ == outcry. O. and N. 1696

Utschute, _sb._ == outbreak, excess. O. and N. 1466. AS. útscyte

Utterest, _adj._ == uttermost. Ps. cxxxiv. 7

Uvel. See Evil

Uȝten, _sb._ == morning, the dawn. K. Horn, 1424. AS. uhta

Uȝtening, _sb._ == the dawn. Ps. c. 8; lxxii. 14

V

Vacant, _adj._ RG. 472

Vad, _adj._ == dirty, faded. Fragm. Sci. 273

Valley, _sb._ RG. 55

Vault, _sb._ == cellar. Alys. 7210. Fr. volte, from Lat. volutus, volvere

Vauntward, _sb._ RG. 457

Vavassor, _sb._ == a subtenant of a fief, or tenant paravail, who held of a mesne lord. Alys. 3827. Ducange derives it from vassus vassorum

Vawe, == fain, _q. v._

Vaȝt, ‘vor vaȝt;’ probably a mistake for ‘vor naȝt,’ or ‘vor noȝt.’ RG. 253

Vein, _sb._ RG. 28. Alys. 2414

Veir, _adv._ == truly. Alys. 1001, 5676; ‘in veire.’ Alys. 5679

Velasour, _sb._ A corruption of ‘valvassor,’ another form of ‘vavassor.’ Alys. 3305

Vengeance, _sb._ RG. 333, 429

Venison, _sb._ RG. 243. Alys. 6353

Venom, _sb._ RG. 43, 106. Fr. venin. Lat. venenum

---- _adj._ == envenomed. Alys. 2860

Venomed, _part._ [i-wenemyd], Legend of St Patrick, in Warton, H. E. P. vol. i. p. 17

Venomous, _adj._ 440 B.

Veolthe, == filth, _q. v._

Verade, _sb._ == a multitude. K. Horn, 172. AS. werod

Verament, _adv._ == truly. Alys. 1346

Verdict, _sb._ RG. 141

Verger, _sb._ == orchard. Alys. 1938. Fr. vergier, from ‘vert’

Vermin, _sb._ Alys. 6128

Verse, _sb._ 219 β

Verss, == fresh, _q. v._

Vert, _v. n._ == go to harbour among fern, said of a buck. Ritson’s AS. iii. 8. Fr. vert?

Vestment, _sb._ 954 B.

Vetuse, _adj._ == old. Alys. 7948. Lat. vetus

Vice, _sb._ RG. 195

Victual, _sb._ [vitaile]. Alys. 5817

Vie, _sb._ == life. Marg. 1

Vie, _v. n._ == succeed, do well. Fr. Sci. 319; 658 B. Fr. voie, avoier, to excite, irritate; hence, challenge; and lastly, to succeed in a contest. See Burguy, _s. v._ Voie

Vigorous, _adj._ Alys. 6923

Vigour, _sb._ == strength. Alys. 1431. Lat. vigor

Vigour, _sb._ == idol. See Figure

Vile, _adj._ RG. 435, 506; comp. ‘vylloker’ == viler. 2500 B.

---- _v. a._ == make vile. part. ‘yviled.’ RG. 435

Vilely, _adv._ RG. 435, 519

Villany, _sb._ RG. 536, 547

Vilte, _sb._ == vileness. RG. 519

Vine, _sb._ Manuel des Pecches, 884

Vintner, _sb._ RG. 542

Vintry, _sb._ RG. 542

Violence, _sb._ 924 B.

Virgin, _sb._ 2342 B.

Virgin, _adj._ == pure. Alys. 334

Virst. See Thirst

Virtue, _sb._ RG. 86

Virtuous, _adj._ == valorous. Alys. 2408; great, powerful. Ibid. 5244

Vis, _sb._ == visage. Alys. 267, 5954

Visage, _sb._ Alys. 6425

Vision, _sb._ RG. 363, 428

Visitation, _sb._ Manuel des Pecches, 2103

Voice, _sb._ RG. 283

Void, _v. a._ == empty. Alys. 373

Vorsuolwe, == swallow. See Forswallow

Vouchsafe, _v. a._ == vouch a person safe. Pol. S. 199

Vow, _v. n._ Manuel des Pecches, 2806

Vow, _sb._ RG. 477

Vowel, _sb._ Rel. Ant. ii. 174

Vowson. See Advowson

Voyage, _sb._ RG. 392

Vyen, _part._ == fixed. Fragm. apud Warton, H. E. P. vol. i. p. 21. AS. fégan

Vygour. See Figure

Vyssare, == fisher, _q. v._

Vysseth, _sb._ == fishing. RG. 264

W.

Wade, _v. n._ == go. RG. 99. HD. 2654; [wede]. HD. 2641. AS. wádan

Wag, _v. a._ == move. HD. 89. AS. wágian

---- _v. n._ [wawen]. Alys. 1164. Fr. Sci. 342

Wager, _sb._ Pol. S. 218

Wagh, _sb._ == a wall. Ps. lxi. 4. AS. wáh

Wail, _v. n._ pret. ‘waile.’ Alys. 4653

Wailing, _sb._ Alys. 7883, 2365

Wain, _sb._ RG. 416. AS. wǽgen

Wait, _sb._ == musician. Alys. 4312, 7769

---- == sentinel. Ritson’s AS. viii. 143

Wait, _v. a._ == watch. Wright’s L. P. p. 91

Waiten, _v. n._ == keep watch. HD. 1754

Wake, _v. a._ == awaken, pret, ‘weiȝte.’ 446 β; ‘wight.’ Alys. 2925

---- _v. n._ == be awake. 681 B. AS. wacan

Wake, _v. a._ == watch. 2215 B. AS. wæccan

Waken, _v. n._ == awake. HD. 2164

Waker, _sb._ == a person apt to wake. Fr. Sci. 286

Wale, _v. a._ == choose. Wright’s L. P. p. 33. Germ. wahlen

Walk, _v. n._ K. Horn, 981; pret. ‘welk.’ Wright’s L. P. p. 100. AS. weallian. Germ. wallen, to go

---- == travel; part. ‘iwalken.’ Marg 49

Walken, == welkin, _q. v._

Walker, _sb._ == a fuller, or whitener of cloth. 1135 B. AS. wealcere. Ital. gualcare, to full

Wall, _sb._ RG. 549, 555

---- _v. a._ Alys. 2658

Walled, _adj._ Alys. 6068

Wallyng, == boiling. See Well, _vb._

Wan, _adj._ == pale. Wright’s L. P. p. 93; [won]. Ibid. p. 28. AS. wonn, wan

Wand, _sb._ RG. 290. ON. vöndr

Wander, _v. n._ Pol. S. 240

Wandreth, _sb._ [wondred] == sorrow. Pol. S. 150. ON. vandrædi

Wane, _v. n._ Ps. ix. 7. AS. wanian

Wane, _sb._ == want. M. Ode, 179; [wone]. Wright’s L. P. p. 30. AS. wana

Wanene. See When and Whence

Wanhope, _sb._ == despair, want of hope. RG. 323

Want, _v. n._ == wish? RG. 468

Want, _v. n._ == be wanting. pret. ‘wondede.’ Ps. xxii. 1

Want, _v. a._ == be without, lack. Wright’s L. P. p. 44. AS. wana, a deficiency

War, _sb._ RG. 374

---- _v. n._ == [worry], make war. RG. 370; pret. ‘werrede.’ RG. 77

---- _v. a._ == war against a person or thing. pret. ‘worrede.’ RG. 371, 70; part. ‘ywerred.’ RG. 3; ‘iworred.’ Ibid.

Ward, _sb._ == guard. RG. 461

---- == division of an army. Alys. 1996

---- _v. a._ RG. 41, 491

Warden, _sb._ RG. 314, 436

Ware, _sb._ == wares. HD. 52; reward. Pol. S. 192. AS. wáru

Ware, _sb._ == thing, affair. Moral Ode, st. 32 (Hickes); but the Egerton MS. st. 34, reads ‘gare,’ i. e. gear

Ware, a collective term, ‘watres ware.’ Ps. xvii. 16; ‘windes ware.’ Ibid. v. 11; probably the AS. ware

Ware, _sb._ == spring. Ps. lxxiii. 17. Lat. ver. O. Engl. veer

Ware, _adj._ Wright’s L. P. pp. 30, 103; [yware]. RG. 388; [iwarte]. O. and N. 1219. AS. wǽr

Warentment, _sb._ == military apparel. Alys. 7943. Fr. garnement

Wariness, _sb._ [iwarness]. O. and N. 1226

Waring, _sb._ == price. Ps. xliii. 13

Warison, _sb._ == reward. Alys. 2512. Fr. guérison

Warn, _v. a._ == advise a person. HD. 2834. AS. warnian

Warn, _v. a._ == refuse a thing to a person. RG. 367, 550

---- == hinder. 1274 B.

Warned, _adj._ == defended, said of a city. Ps. xxx. 22; fortified. Ps. cvii. 11

Warnesture, _sb._ == garrison. RG. 94

Warrant, _v. a._ == insure safety to a person, keep harmless. Alys. 2132

Warp, _v. a._ == throw. HD. 1061; 3 s. pres. ‘werth.’ HD. 1176; place [worp]. O. and N. 596; pret. ‘warp.’ O. and N. 45

---- == strike. part. ‘iworpe.’ O. and N. 1119. AS. weorpan

Warring, _sb._ == fighting. Alys. 6095

Warring, _sb._ == cursing. Manuel des Pecches, 1289

Warrior, _sb._ Alys. 1461

Warye, _v. a._ == curse. See Werien

Warȝtreo, _sb._ == cursed tree, gibbet. 2233 B. AS. werg, accursed

Was. See Be

Was, == whose. See Who

Wash, _v. a._ RG. 435; [whosshe]. Wright’s L. P. p. 70; pret. ‘wosh.’ 273 β; ‘wesche.’ Ps. lxxii. 13

Wassail, _sb._ RG. 117

---- _v. n._ HD. 2098

Waste, _sb._ == reckless spending. RG. 376

---- == wilderness. Alys. 7121

---- _v. a._ RG. 136

Wastel, _sb._ == cake of fine flour. HD. 779

Wasteyn, _sb._ == wilderness. Manuel des Pecches, 1767

Wate, _sb._ == luck, hap, that which is foretold. RG. 31, 411. AS. hwatu, divination

Water, _sb._ RG. 371, 402

---- _v. a._ Ps. lxxvii. 15

Watercress, _sb._ Alys. 5767

Waterdog, _sb._ Alys. 5771

Waterless, _adj._ Ps. cvi. 25

Wathe, _sb._ == torment. Ps. cxiv. 3. AS. wíte

Watloker, == much rather. See Whatloker.

Wave, _sb._ 525 β; [wawe]. Alys. 5018. AS. wǽg, wáðuma

Wawe, _v. a._ == move. RG. 207. Alys. 2634. AS. wegan, wágian

Wawe, _v. n._ == wag, _q. v._

Wawing, _sb._ == motion. Fr. Sci. 385

Wax, _sb._ Pol. S. 151. AS. weax

Wax, _v. n._ RG. 9, 442; part. ‘ywox.’ RG. 412. AS. weaxan

Waxing, _sb._ Fr. Sci. 335

Way, _sb._ == road. RG. 7, 391; ‘to fly his way.’ O. and N. 308. ‘Do way,’ an expression like our ‘Get along with you.’ Alys. 7646; pl. ‘weyre.’ Body and Soul, 63

Way, _sb._ == mass? Ritson’s AS. viii. 31. AS. wæcg

Wayle, _sb._ == a girl. Wright’s L. P. p. 38. AS. wylen

Waynoun, a proper name? Wright’s L. P. p. 47

Wayte, _sb._ See Wait

Wayteglede, == watch-the-fire, i. e. one who sits in the chimney corner, poking over the fire? Wright’s L. P. p. 47. Cf. the Norse phrase Kólbitr; and see the Introduction to Dasent’s Popular Tales from the Norse, pp. lxxx-lxxxii. 1st Edit.

We. See Woe

We. See I

We. See With

Weak, _adj._ HD. 1012

Weal, _sb._ 1277 B.

Wealth, _sb._ Ps. lxxii. 12

Weapon, _sb._ HD. 1436. O. and N. 1367

Wear, _v. a._ RG. 390; pret, ‘werede.’ RG. 434

Weariness, _sb._ RG. 240

Weary, _adj._ RG. 19

Weather, _sb._ RG. 560

Web, _sb._ Fr. Sci. 315

Webbe, _sb._ == weaver. Pol. S. 188

Wed, _sb._ == pledge. Pol. S. 151. Wright’s L. P. p. 110. RG. 393. AS. wed

Wed, _v. a._ == marry. RG. 295, 439; said of the priest who marries two persons. Pol. S. 159. AS. weddian, wed

Wedbreak, _sb._ == adulterer. Ps. xlix. 18

Wedding, _sb._ St Lucy, 88. Manuel des Pecches, 1712

Wede, _vb._ == wade, go. See Wade

Wedlock, _sb._ Marg. 11

Wednesday. RG. 509

Wee. See Woe

Weed, _sb._ == garment. RG. 560. AS. wǽd

Weed, _sb._ == herb. Alys. 796. AS. weód

Week, _sb._ RG. 113; pl. ‘wouke.’ RG. 387. AS. weoc

Weeles. See Well, _sb._

Ween, _v. n._ == think. RG. 369. O. and N. 237. 2 s. pres. ‘wanst.’ O. and N. 1642. AS. wénan

---- _v. a._ == impute. Ps. xxxi. 2

Weep, _v. n._ RG. 420; [wyppen]. O. and N. 1064

Weeping, _sb._ RG. 405. Wright’s L. P. p. 30; [wyping]. Ibid. p. 85

Wef, _sb._ == whiff or scent. Body and Soul, 56. AS. wiffan

Weight, _sb._ == a measure, weight. Ps. lxi. 10. AS. wæg

Weir, _sb._ Ps. cxiii. 8; [wore]. Wright’s L. P. p. 28. AS. wǽr

Welaway, _interj._ 1179 B.

Welcome, _adj._ RG. 508

---- _v. a._ 473 B.

Welde. See Wield

Welk, _v. n._ == fade, become pale. Ps. lxxxix. 6. See Weolewe

Welkin, _sb._ == the sky. Wright’s L. P. p. 114; [walken]. Alys. 5799. Ps. cl. 1; dat. s. ‘weoluce.’ O. and N. 1680. AS. welcn, wolcen

Well, _adj._ == good. 89 B.

---- _adv._ RG. 375. O. and N. 31

---- == rightly. Rel. S. i. 20

Well, _sb._ (of water). RG. 1. Wright’s L. P. p. 94; pl. ‘weeles.’ Ps. xvii. 5. AS. well, wyl

Well, _v. n._ == boil, well up. Wright’s L. P. p. 40; [walle]. RG. 28; pret. ‘wal.’ Body and Soul, 218; part. ‘wallyng.’ Alys. 1622. AS. weallan

---- _v. a._ == boil. Marg. 60

Wellnigh, _adv._ == almost. O. and N. 44

Wellquemand, _part._ == pleasing. Ps. xci. 15

Wellqueme, _sb._ == pleasure. Ps. lxxxviii. 18; cv. 4

Wellquemeness, _sb._ == pleasingness. Ps. cxl. 5

Wellset, _v. a._ Ps. civ. 9; cxi. 5

Wellsetting, _sb._ Ps. cxviii. 91

Welly, _adv._ == kindly. Ps. l. 20

Wem, _sb._ == a spot or scar. RG. 336. St Kath. 151. AS. wem, womm

Wem, _v. a._ == to defile, corrupt. Ps. lxxxviii. 35; [wemmy]. RG. 206; part. ‘wemmed.’ Ps. xv. 10. AS. wemman

Wemed, _adj._ ‘prout wemod’ == with a proud stomach. Fr. Sci. 285. ‘Wem’ is still used for ‘womb’ in the North of England. AS. wamb

Wemless, _adj._ == spotless. Creed of St Athan. 6. Ps. xiv. 2

Wemmand, _sb._ == sinner. Ps. cxviii. 158

Wemmedness, _sb._ Ps. c. 3

Wemming, _sb._ RG. 336

Wemmy, _v. a._ == defile. See Wem, _vb._

Wench, _sb._ Cok. 139. Ps. lxvii. 26. AS. wencle. See Gloss. to Orm. _s. v._ wenchell

Wend, _v. n._ == go. RG. 8. AS. wendan

---- == turn (as in bed). Wright’s L. P. p. 28

---- _v. a._ == turn. HD. 2138; change. Wright’s L. P. p. 91

Wending, _sb._ == departure. Alys. 920

Wene, _adj._ == frequent, rife? Pol. S. 150. AS. wune, custom. Dut. wennen

Weole, _sb._ == wealth. Pol. S. 156. AS. weola

---- == happiness? Wright’s L. P. p. 44

Weolewe, _v. n._ == fade, become pale. Wright’s L. P. p. 50. AS. wealwian

Wepmon, _sb._ == man. Pol. S. 153. O. and N. 1377. AS. wæpman

Were. See Be

Were, _v. a._ == defend. HD. 2298. Alys. 5836; [werye]. Alys. 3533. AS. werian. Germ. wehren

Were, _sb._ == man, husband. O. and N. 1339. AS. wer

Werewed, _part._ == worried, killed? HD. 1915

Werien, _v. a._ == curse. O. and N. 1172; [werre]. Manuel des Pecches, 1291; [warye]. Id. 1292. AS. werigan

Werth, == throweth. See Warp

Weryying, _sb._ == protection. Wright’s L. P. p. 75. Ps. xxi. 20; [weryng]. Alys. 2798. AS. werian

West. RG. 544

West, _vb._ == shows? Alys. 238. AS. wísian

Westerness, _sb._ == the West country. K. Horn, 949

Westward, _adv._ RG. 20

Wet, _sb._ Fr. Sci. 136. AS. wæt

---- _v. a._ Wright’s L. P. p. 31; pret. ‘watte.’ RG. 322; part. ‘wet.’ Wright’s L. P. p. 30

---- _v. n._ == become wet. Wright’s L. P. p. 36

---- _adj._ [wete]. Wright’s L. P. p. 85

Wete, _v. n._ == weep. Wright’s L. P. p. 84

Wether, _sb._ Ps. lxiv. 14. RG. 52. AS. weðer

Weve, _v. a._ == make to go, cut off; part. ‘weved,’ ‘yweved.’ Alys. 3839, 3807

Weve, _v. n._ == go, move. RG. 64. Another form of ‘wawe,’ ‘wave,’ ‘wag’

Weved, _sb._ == altar. RG. 369, 419, 433. AS. weofod

Weye, _sb._ == woe, _q. v._

Weȝe, _v. a._ == carry, O. and N. 1020. AS. wegan

Whale, _sb._ [hwal]. HD. 755; [qual]. HD. 753. AS. hwæl

Whalebone, _sb._ [whalles bone]. Wright’s L. P. p. 38

What, _interr. pron._ O. and N. 1438

---- _rel. pron._ O. and N. 1439