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Chapter XLIV: India and the Colonies (3)

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Perceval, Spencer, minister of George III., 609;
assassinated, 622

Percy, Henry (Hotspur), rebellion of, 215;
slain at Shrewsbury, 216

----, Thomas, conspires with Fawkes, 354

Persian war, the, 692

Petition of Right, the, 366

Petitioners and Abhorrers, 434

Philip I. of France, aids rebels against William I., 77;
his war with William I., 79

---- II., Augustus, aids sons of Henry II., 112;
goes on third Crusade, 116;
his intrigues against Richard I., 119, 120;
supports Arthur of Brittany, 123;
conquers Normandy and Anjou, 124;
threatens to invade England, 127;
victorious at Bouvines, 128

---- IV., the Fair, his wars with Edward I., 162, 163, 168

---- VI. of France, his war with Edward III., 183;
defeated at Crécy, 187

---- II. of Spain, married to Queen Mary, 318;
proposes to marry Elizabeth, 324;
his plots against Elizabeth, 332-335;
sends out Armada, 337;
dies, 348

---- III. of Spain, his alliance with James I., 355, 358

---- IV. of Spain, and the Spanish marriages, 359

---- V. of Anjou, claims Spanish throne, 458;
acknowledged by England, 476

Philippa of Hainault, queen of Edward III., saves burghers of
Calais, 189;
wins battle of Neville's Cross, 189

Philiphaugh, battle of, 395

Picts, northern tribes of Britain, 3;
ravage Roman Britain, 11;
united to Scots, 47

Pilgrimage of Grace, the, 300

Pindarees, the, 738

Pinkie, battle of, 309

Pitt, William, Earl of Chatham, attacks Carteret, 503;
his first ministry, 524;
alliance with Newcastle, 525;
warlike successes of, 526-531;
dismissed by George III., 535;
takes office with Grafton, 542;
made Earl of Chatham, 542;
last speech and death, 549

----, William, the younger, takes office with Shelburne, 556;
his Reform Bill, 558;
prime minister, 559;
his wise rule, 501-505;
his India Bill, 571;
his attitude towards French Revolution, 579;
his war-policy, 581-584;
his Union of Ireland and England, 590;
forms coalitions against France, 593-603;
resigns, 595;
recalled to office, 603;
dies, 608

Pius V., Pope, issues bull against Elizabeth, 331

"Plan of Campaign," the, 718

Plassey, battle of, 530

Poictiers, battle of, 191

Pole, Henry, Lord Montagu, executed by Henry VIII., 301

----, Reginald, papal legate, 318;
Archbishop of Canterbury, 319;
dies, 321

----, Michael de la, minister of Richard II., 207;
exiled, 208

Pole de la. _See under_ Suffolk and Lincoln, Earls of

Pondicherry, taken by the English, 531

Poor Laws, of Queen Elizabeth, 342;
evil working of, 635, 636;
reform of, in 1834, 654

Popish Plot, the, 432

Portland, William Bentinck, Duke of, prime minister, 609

Portobello, taken by Admiral Vernon, 499

Portugal, joins in war of Spanish Succession, 463;
invaded by Junot, 612;
freed by Wellesley, 615 (_see under_ Peninsular War);
civil wars in, 655

Poynings' Act, 281;
repealed, 552

Praemunire, statute of, 200

Pragmatic Sanction, the, 500

Prayer-book, first English, 308;
second, 311;
re-issued by Elizabeth, 324

Presbyterians, rise of the, 369;
their strife with Independents, 397;
their negotiations with Charles I., 398;
crushed by the army, 399

Preston, first battle of, 400;
second, 488

Preston Pans, battle of, 505

Pride's Purge, 401

Protectionists, the, 660, 680

Protestantism, origin of, in England, 308-311

Provisors, statute of, 200

Prussia, joins in war of Spanish Succession, 464;
wars of, with Austria, 500-502;
war with Austria and France, 522;
attacks French Republic, 578;
makes peace with France, 584;
wars of, with Napoleon, 610, 611, 624, 625, 629, 630;
under Bismarck, 705, 707

Prynne, William, condemned by Star Chamber, 270

Punjab, power of the Sikhs in, 737;
conquered by the British, 743

Puritans, rise of the, 314;
persecutions of, 344;
secede from Church of England, 353;
colonize New England, 361.
_See_ Presbyterians and Independents

Pym, John, Parliamentary leader, 365, 371, 372, 375

Pyrenees, battle of the, 625

Quatre Bras, battle of, 628

Quebec, battle of, 528

Queensland, colony of, 751

_Quia emptores_, statute of, 152

Quiberon, battle of, 527

_Quo warranto_, the writ of, 151

Raglan, Fitzroy, Lord, commands in the Crimea, 684-690

Rajputana, becomes vassal to East India Company, 739

Raleigh, Sir Walter, founds colony of Virginia, 341;
imprisoned for Cobham's plot, 344;
his voyage up the Orinoco and execution, 358

Ramillies, battle of, 468

Rangoon, captured by British, 743

Ratcliffe, Richard, favourite of Richard III., 270, 271

Reform, Parliamentary, agitation for, 638, 647

Reform Bill, the, of 1832, introduced by Lord John Russell, 648;
rejected by the Peers, 649;
passed, 650

----, the, of 1866, 703

----, the, of 1885, 716

Reformation, the, in Germany, 290, 296;
in England, 297, 302, 308, 311;
in Scotland, 326

Remonstrance, the Grand, 377

Renaissance, the, 290

Repeal, agitation in Ireland for, 657, 658, 664

Revolution, the, of 1688, 443-447

----, the French, 574

Rhodes, Cecil, his designs, 724, 725

Richard I., conspires against his father, 109-112;
his accession, 114;
at the Crusades, 115-118;
his imprisonment in Germany, 118;
return to England, 120;
his wars and death, 121, 122

---- II., 200;
his dealings with Tyler's rebellion, 206;
assumes the government, 207;
overruled by Lords Appellant, 208;
resumes power, 209;
his tyranny, 210;
expedition to Ireland and abdication, 211, 212;
murdered, 214

---- III., Duke of Gloucester, murders Henry VI., 259;

his campaign in Scotland, 263;
seizes regency, 265;
declared king, 267;
murders the princes, 268;
slain at Bosworth, 271

Richard, Earl of Cornwall, brother of Henry III., 141-143

Ridley, Nicholas, Bishop of London, martyred, 319

Ridolfi's plot, 331

Rights, Bill of, 446

Rivers, Anthony, Earl, executed by Richard III., 264, 268

Rizzio, David, murder of, 327

Robert I., Bruce, rebels against Edward I., 168;
slays Comyn, 168;
crowned King of Scotland, 170;
his war against Edward I., 173;
victorious at Bannockburn, 176;
his invasions of England, 177, 180

---- III., of Scotland, 214, 218

----, son of William I., rebellion of, 77;
Duke of Normandy, 81;
goes on crusade, 84;
his wars with Henry I., 86;
imprisoned, 90

Roberts, Frederick, Lord, in Afghan war, 749, 750;
his victories in South Africa, 731, 732

Robespierre, Jacobin leader, 581;
fall of, 584

Robin of Redesdale, rebellion of, 257

Rochelle, La, Buckingham's expedition to, 365

Roches, Peter des, minister of Henry III., 137

Rockingham, Marquis of, prime minister, 539-541;
second ministry of, 542;
death of, 555

Rodney, George, Lord, wins battle of St. Lucia, 552

Rogers, John, martyred, 319

Rohilla war, the, 567-568

Romans, in Britain, the, 4-10

Root and Branch Bill, the, 375

Rosebery, Lord, prime minister, 722, 723

Roses, wars of the, 245-259;
their character, 247

Rossbach, battle of, 525

Rotten boroughs, 485;
abolished, 650

Roundheads, use of the term, 382

Rousseau, J. J., influence of, on French Revolution, 575, 576

Rumbold, Colonel, plans Rye House Plot, 435

Rump, the, remnant of Long Parliament, 401;
expelled by Cromwell, 410;
revived, 417

Runjit Singh, his rule in the Punjab, 737;
death of, 742

Rupert, Prince, leader of Royalist horse, 382.
_See_ Edgehill, Newbury, Marston Moor, Naseby

Russell, Lord John, introduces Reform Bill, 648;
his first ministry, 668-672;
his second ministry, 702

----, Lord William, executed, 435

----, Edward, Admiral, wins battle of La Hogue, 454

Russia, first trade of England with, 341;
joins in the Seven Years' War, 522;
joins armed neutrality, 596;
wars of, with Bonaparte, 608, 610, 623;
war of, with Turkey, 645;
engages in Crimean war, 683;
threatened by Lord Palmerston, 698;
Lord Beaconsfield and, 711;
stirs up Afghans, 733

Rutland, Edmund, Earl of, slain at Wakefield, 251

Ruyter, de, Dutch admiral, 426

Rye House Plot, the, 435

Ryswick, Peace of, 455

Sacheverell, Henry, his Tory sermons, 474

Saint Albans, first battle of, 249;
second battle of, 252

Saint Lucia, battle of, 552

Saint Vincent, battle of Cape, 587

Saladin, Sultan of Egypt, 117;
defeated by Richard I., 118

Salamanca, battle of, 624

Salisbury, Richard Neville, earl of, supports Yorkists, 246;
wins battle of Blore Heath, 247;
beheaded, 251

----, Robert Cecil, earl of, minister of James I., 353-356

----, Robert Cecil, marquis of, prime minister of Queen Victoria, 716;
his second ministry, 718-731;
his third ministry, 723-733

----, William Longsword, Earl of, defeated at Bouvines, 128

----, Great Moot of, 79

Sancroft, William, Archbishop, persecuted by James II., 441;
deposed as a Nonjuror, 448

Saratoga, battle of, 548

Saxons, the, ravage Britain, 11;
their conquests, 12-16

Schism Act, the, 479

Schleswig-Holstein question, the, 698

Schomburg, Frederick, Duke of, commands army in Ireland, 451

Scinde, conquered by Sir Charles Napier, 741

Scindiah, war of, with Warren Hastings, 568;
defeated by Wellesley, 604

Scotland. _See under_ names of kings;
_see also_ Covenanters, Jacobites

Scots, the, invade Britain, 11, 12;
unite with Picts, 47

Scrope, Richard, Archbishop of York, beheaded, 217

----, Henry, Lord, conspires against Henry V., 223

Scutage imposed by Henry II., 700

Sebastopol, siege of, 686-690

Sedgemoor, battle of, 438

Sepoys, first raised by Dupleix, 512;
great mutiny of the, 745

Septennial Act, the, 490

Seringapatam, treaty of, 572;
storming of, 594

Settlement, the Act of, 459

Seven Bishops, trial of the, 441

Seven Years' War, the, 517, 521, 537

Severus, Emperor, in Britain, 8

Seymour, Thomas, Lord, executed, 310

Shaftesbury, Anthony, Lord, minister of Charles II., 429;
leader of the country party, 431;
his agitation against Romanism, 433, 434;
his fall, 435

----, Anthony, earl of, philanthropic reforms of, 676

Shah Sujah, 740, 741

Shakespeare, William, 343

Shelburne, William, Lord, ministry of, 556;
resigns, 557

Shere Ali, his war with British, 749

Sheridan, Richard, Whig leader, 564, 638

Sheriffmuir, battle of, 489

Ship-money imposed by Charles I., 369

Shrewsbury, battle of, 216

----, Charles Talbot, earl of, at death-bed of Queen Anne, 480

Sidney, Algernon, executed, 435

----, Sir Philip, his "Arcadia," 335;
slain at Zutphen, 335

Sikhs, rise of the, 737;
first war of, with the British, 742;
second war of, 743;
their services in the Mutiny, 746

Simnel, Lambert, imposture of, 273

Siward, Earl of Northumbria, 58, 59

Six Acts, the, 640

Six Articles, the, 603

Slave trade, the, abolished, 609

Slavery, abolished in English possessions, 654

Sluys, naval victory at, 185

Smith, Adam, his "Wealth of Nations," 563

----, Sir Sidney, saves Acre from Bonaparte, 592

Sobraon, battle of, 726

Somerset, Edmund Beaufort, Duke of, minister of Henry VI., 241, 243;
slain at St. Albans, 246

----, Henry, Duke of, Lancastrian leader, 253-255

----, Edmund Seymour, Protector of England, 308;
his Protestantism, 309;
war with Scotland, 309;
deposed, 310;
executed, 313

----, Robert Ker, Earl of, favourite of James I., 356;
his trial and degradation, 357

Sophia, Electress of Hanover, 459

Soult, Marshal, defeated at Corunna, 616;
at Oporto, 618;
at Albuera, 620;
at Pyrenees, 625;
at Toulouse, 626

South African colonies, history of the, 752-754

South Sea Bubble, the, 491

Spa Fields riot, the, 639

Spain, the Black Prince in, 197;
dealings of Henry VII. with, 280;
dealings of Elizabeth with, 324, 330, 333, 337;
subservience of James I. to, 357;
Cromwell's war with, 415;
English invasion of, 468-470;
Walpole's war with, 490;
Pitt's war with, 535;
assists Americans, 548;
allied with French Republic, 585;
allied with Bonaparte, 604;
invaded by Bonaparte, 613 (_see_ Peninsular War);
civil wars in, 655

Spanish marriages, the, of 1846, 665

Spanish Succession, the, 456;
war of, 463

Spencean philanthropists, 639, 640

Spenser, Edmund, 343

Spurs, battle of the, 284

Stafford, William, Lord, executed, 434

Stamford Bridge, battle of, 63

Stamp Act, the, 539;
repealed, 541

Standard, battle of the, 94

Stanhope, James, Earl of, minister of George I., 484;
involved in South Sea Bubble, 491;
dies, 492

Stanley, Thomas, Lord, betrays Richard III. at Bosworth, 270, 271

----, Sir William, executed, 275

Steenkerke, battle of, 454

Stephen of Blois, elected King of England, 93;
his troubled reign, 93-97

Stoke, battle of, 274

Strafford, Thomas Wentworth, Earl of, his policy of "Thorough," 368;
his rule in Ireland, 368;
impeached and executed, 373, 374

Strathclyde, 45, 47, 83

Strongbow, Richard de Clare, Earl of Pembroke, his invasion of
Ireland, 107

Stuart, house of. _See under_ names of Kings

----, Arabella, imprisoned by James I., 354

Suetonius Paulinus, conquers Boadicea, 6

Suffolk, William de la Pole, Earl of, head of peace-party, 239, 241;
impeached and murdered, 242

----, Charles Brandon, Duke of, marries Mary Tudor, 284

----, Thomas Grey, Duke of, rebels against Mary, 317;
executed, 318

Suraj-ud-Dowlah, Nawab of Oude, his wars with the British, 566

Sunderland, Robert Spencer, Earl of, minister of James II., 439

----, Charles Spencer, Earl of, minister of George I., 483;
involved in South Sea Bubble, 491;
resigns, 492

Supremacy, Act of, 295

Suraj-ud-Dowlah, takes Calcutta, 523;
defeated and slain, 530

Surrey, Henry, Earl of, executed by Henry VIII., 306

----, Thomas, Earl of, wins battle of Flodden, 285

Sussex, kingdom of South Saxons, 15

Swegen, King of Denmark, expels Ethelred the Redeless, 54

Swift, Dean, his Tory pamphlets, 474

Talavera, battle of, 618

Tallard, Marshal, captured at Blenheim, 467

Tantia Topee, Sepoy leader, 748

Tasmania, colonization of, 752

Tea riots at Boston, 545

Tenant right, conceded to Ireland, 706

Terror, Reign of, in Paris, 583

Test Act, the, 430;
repealed by James II., 439

Tewkesbury, battle of, 258

Thanes or gesiths, followers of Anglo-Saxon king, 42

Theodore of Tarsus, Archbishop of Canterbury, 28

Thirty Years' War, the, 358

Thistlewood, Arthur, conspiracy of, 640

Throckmorton, Francis, conspiracy of, 335

Thugs suppressed, 739

Tilsit, treaty of, 610

Tinchebrai, battle of, 90

Tippoo, Sultan of Mysore, wars with, 569, 571, 572;
subdued by Wellesley, 594

Tithe Act, Irish, passed, 658

Tithe war, the, 656

Torres Vedras, lines of, 619

Tory party, origin of name, 434;
power of, under James II., 437;
intrigues of, under William III., 455;
overthrow Godolphin, 474;
Jacobite tendencies of, 478;
weakness of, under George I. and II., 485;
reorganized by George III., 534;
Pitt and the, 561;
reactionary policy of the, 637.
_See_ Conservatives

Tostig, son of Godwine, 58, 59, 60;
slain at Stamford Bridge, 65

Toulon, siege of, 583

Toulouse, Henry II.'s war of, 99;
battle of, 626

Townshend, Ch., Lord, minister of Geo. I., 484;
colleague of Walpole, 493

Towton, battle of, 253

Trafalgar, battle of, 607

Transubstantiation, doctrine of, 297

Transvaal Republic, the, first annexation of, 753;
war with and second annexation of, 727-733

Trent, case of the, 696

"Triers," committee of, 412

Trinidad ceded to Britain, 597

Tromp, Van, Dutch Admiral, 409

Troyes, treaty of, 228

Tudor, house of. _See under_ names of kings and queens

Tyler, Wat, rebellion of, 204-206

Tyndale, William, translates Bible, 302

Tyrconnel, Richard, Earl of, Jacobite leader in Ireland, 450

Tyrone, Hugh O'Neil, Earl of, his rebellion, 346

Tyrrell, Walter, slays William II., 85

Ulm, capitulation of, 608

Ulster, planted by James I., 361

Uniformity, Act of, 423

Union with Scotland, the, 472;
with Ireland, the, 591

United Irishmen, the, 598

United States, declare their independence, 547;
recognized by George III., 552;
war of England with, 627, 628;
civil war in the, 696;
dispute with, as to the _Alabama_, 707

Utrecht, peace of, 476

Valence, Aymer de. _See_ Pembroke

Vane, Sir Henry, the younger, 373;
executed, 421

Vendôme, Marshal, defeated at Oudenarde, 470

Venezuela, quarrel with, 724

Vere, Robert de, favourite of Richard II., 207, 208

Verneuil, battle of, 233

Vernon, Admiral, takes Portobello, 499

Versailles, treaty of, 553

Victoria, Queen, accession of, 658;
married to Albert of Saxe-Coburg, 661;
her first and second Jubilees, 719, 725;
dies, 733

Vienna, congress of, 626-631

Vikings. _See_ Danes

Villars, Marshal, defeated at Malplaquet, 471

Villeinage, in England, 72;
abuses of, 203;
decay of, 206

Villeneuve, Adm., defeated by Nelson, 607

Villeroi, Marshal, defeated at Ramillies, 468

Villiers. _See_ Buckingham

Vimiero, battle of, 615

Vinegar Hill, battle of, 590

Vittoria, battle of, 625

Voltaire, influence of, in France, 575

Volunteers, the Irish, intrigues of, 551, 552;
the English, of 1803, 602, 603;
of 1860, 694

Vortigern calls in Saxons, 14

Wagram, battle of, 619

Wakefield, battle of, 251

Walcheren, expedition to, 618

Wales, unconquered by Saxons, 17;
wars of, with Northumbria, 26;
vassal to Edward the Elder, 44;
campaign of Harold in, 59;
Norman conquests in, 83, 92;
wars of Edward I. with, 153-157;
rebels against Edward I., 163;
rebels against Henry IV., 214;
supports Charles I., 381

Wallace, William, rising of, 167;
defeated at Falkirk, 168;
executed, 169

Waller, Sir William, Parliamentary general, 386, 391

Walpole, Sir Robert, minister of George I., 484;
prime minister, 491;
his character and policy, 493;
Excise Bill, 495;
fall of, 499

Walsingham, minister of Elizabeth, 326;
dies, 348

Walter, Hubert, archbishop and justiciar, 121;
dies, 125

Waltheof, Earl, rebellion of, 70;
executed, 77

Wandewash, battle of, 531

Warbeck, Perkin, imposture of, 275-277

Warenne, John, Earl of, opposes _quo warranto_, 151;
wins battle of Dunbar, 164;
regent of Scotland, 164;
defeated by Wallace, 167

Warwick, Guy, Earl of, opposes and slays Gaveston, 173, 174

----, Richard Neville, Earl of, "the King-maker," Yorkist
partisan, 246;
wins battle of St. Albans, 249;
of Northampton, 250;
defeated in second battle of St. Albans, 252;
wins battle of Towton, 253;
subdues the North, 255;
his struggle with Edward IV., 256-258;
slain at Barnet, 258

----, John Dudley, Earl of. _See_ Northumberland

Washington, George, early campaign of, 521;
commands American army, 546;
defeated at Brooklyn, 547;
forces Cornwallis to capitulate, 561

---- city of, burnt by British, 627

Waterloo, battle of, 629, 630

Wellesley, Richard, Marquis of, Governor-General of India, subdues
Tippoo, 594;
subdues Mahrattas, 604

Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of, at Seringapatam, 594;
wins battle of Assaye, 604;
commands in Portugal, 615;
victorious at Talavera, 618;
at Lines of Torres Vedras, 619;
takes Ciudad Rodrigo, and Badajos, 624;
victorious at Salamanca, 624;
at Vittoria, 625;
invades France, 626;
commands in Belgium, 628;
wins battle of Waterloo, 629;
prime minister, 644;
grants Catholic emancipation, 646;
retires, 648;
death of, 680

Welsh, or Kymry, 17. _See_ Wales

Wesley, John, his life and work, 516

Wessex, kingdom of, founded by Cerdic, 16;
development of, 18;
western conquests of, 31;
supreme in England, 32

Westminster Abbey, founded by Edward the Confessor, 61;
rebuilt by Henry III., 136

----, Statute of, 152

Whig party, origin of name, 434;
discredited by Rye House Plot, 435;
war-policy, 472-474;
ascendency of, under George I., 482;
policy of, 484, 485;
changed character of, 555;
advocates Parly. reform, 628.
_See_ Liberals

Whitby, council of, 28

White, Sir G., defends Ladysmith, 728-31

Wicliffe, John, his teaching, 199

Wido, Count, imprisons Harold, 59

Wilkes, John, prosecuted by Grenville, 539;
member for Middlesex, 543

William I., extorts oath from Harold, 60;
claims English crown, 62;
victorious at Hastings, 65;
king of England, 68;
quells insurrection, 69, 70;
policy of, 74-79;
death, 79

William II., king of England, 81;
wars with Scots and Welsh, 81, 82;
quarrels with Anselm, 84, 85;
dies, 86

---- III., marries Mary of York, 431;
opposes Lewis XIV., 430-442;
lands in England, 443;
proclaimed king, 445;
his policy, 447;
campaign in Ireland, 451;
fights in Netherlands, 454;
dies, 460

---- IV., accession of, 647;
dealings of, with Reform Bill, 649, 650;
dies, 658

---- Clito, his wars with Henry I., 90

---- the Lion, King of Scotland, wars of, with Henry II., 110

---- the Silent, Dutch leader, 332;
assassinated, 335

Winchelsey, Archbishop, his quarrel with Edward I., 165, 166

Winchester, Statute of, 152

Winfrith (Boniface), missionary in Germany, 29

Witan, national council of the English, 20

Wolfe, General, captures Louisbourg, 526;
victory and death at Quebec, 528, 529

Wolsey, Thomas, minister of Henry VIII., 285-288;
his schemes for Church Reform, 289;
his dealings with Henry's divorce, 291;
his fall and death, 292

Woodville, Elizabeth. _See_ Elizabeth

Worcester, battle of, 405

Wordsworth, William, his attitude toward French revolution, 581

Worms, congress of, 502

Wren, Christopher, rebuilds St. Paul's, 427

Wyatt, Sir Thomas, rebellion and death of, 317, 318

Wykeham, William of, opposes John of Gaunt, 198;
minister of Richard II., 202;
recalled to office, 209

York, Edmund, Duke of, regent for Richard II., 211

York, Richard, Duke of, campaigns of, in Normandy, 239;
rises against Henry VI., 243;
his policy, 245;
Protector, 248;
in Wars of the Roses, 249, 250;
slain at Wakefield, 251

York, Richard, Duke of, son of Edward IV., imprisoned and slain by
Richard III., 266-268

York, Frederick, Duke of, disastrous campaigns of, in
Flanders, 583, 593, 594;
dies, 647

Yorktown, capitulation of, 559

Young Ireland Party, the, 664;
rising of, 669, 670

Zemindars, Cornwallis's dealings with, 572

Zulu war, the, 753

Zutphen, battle of, 335

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Biographies of some English novelists, with Extracts from their
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=SENTENCES FOR LATIN COMPOSITION.= Based upon the Exercises in
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A history of EnglandChapter XLIV: India and the Colonies (3)

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