Chapter I: Preface

This book has been prepared at the suggestion of the educational authorities for pupils in the public high schools of the Philippines, as an introduction to the history of their country. Its preparation occupied about two years, while the author was busily engaged in other duties,--much of it being written while he was traveling or exploring in different parts of the Archipelago. No pretensions are made to an exhaustive character for the book. For the writer, as well as for the pupil for whom it is intended, it is an introduction into the study of the history of Malaysia.

Considerable difficulty has been experienced in securing the necessary historical sources, but it is believed that the principal ones have been read. The author is greatly indebted to the Honorable Dr. Pardo de Tavera for the use of rare volumes from his library, and he wishes to acknowledge also the kindness of Mr. Manuel Yriarte, Chief of the Bureau of Archives, for permission to examine public documents. The occasional reprints of the old Philippine histories have, however, been used more frequently than the original editions. The splendid series of reprinted works on the Philippines, promised by Miss Blair and Mr. Robertson, was not begun in time to be used in the preparation of this book. The appearance of this series will make easy a path which the present writer has found comparatively difficult, and will open the way for an incomparably better History of the Philippines than has ever yet been made.

The drawings of ethnographic subjects, which partly illustrate this book, were made from objects in the Philippine Museum by Mr. Anselmo Espiritu, a teacher in the public schools of Manila. They are very accurate.

Above every one else, in writing this book, the author is under obligations to his wife, without whose constant help and encouragement it could not have been written.

David P. Barrows.

Manila, Philippine Islands,
March 1st, 1903.

CONTENTS.

Page

I. The Philippines as a Subject for Historical Study 9
II. The Peoples of the Philippines 25
III. Europe and the Far East about 1400 A.D. 42
IV. The Great Geographical Discoveries 61
V. Filipino People Before the Arrival of the Spaniards 88
VI. The Spanish Soldier and the Spanish Missionary 108
VII. Period of Conquest and Settlement, 1565-1600 125
VIII. The Philippines Three Hundred Years Ago 156
IX. The Dutch and Moro Wars, 1600-1663 187
X. A Century of Obscurity and Decline, 1633-1762 212
XI. The Philippines During the Period of European
Revolution, 1762-1837 231
XII. Progress and Revolution, 1837-1897 259
XIII. America and the Philippines 287
Appendix 321
Index 325

LIST OF MAPS.

Page

Philippine Islands 6, 7
Countries and Peoples of Malaysia 26, 27
Races and Tribes of the Philippines 30
The Spread of Mohammedanism 39
Europe about 1400 AD. 44
Routes of Trade to the Far East 50
The Countries of the Far East 58
Restoration of Toscanelli's Map 69
Early Spanish Discoveries in the Philippines 77
The New World and the Indies as divided between
Spain and Portugal 85
Conquest and Settlement by the Spaniards in the
Philippines, 1505-1590 124
Straits of Manila 133
The City of Manila 134
Luzon 158, 159
Mindanao, Visayas, and Paragua 288, 289
American Campaigns in Northern Luzon 302

HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINES.