Chapter IV: Book V

_History of Rome, from the Earliest Times to the Fall of the
Western Empire._

Geographical Sketch of Italy. 245.

I. HISTORY OF THE ROMAN KINGDOM. 248.

Religion of Rome. 255.

II. HISTORY OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC. 260.

FIRST PERIOD. Growth of the Constitution. 260.

Laws of the Twelve Tables. 265.

Capture of Rome by the Gauls. 269.

SECOND PERIOD. Wars for the Possession of Italy. 274.

First Samnite War. 274.

Latin War, and Battle of Vesuvius. 275.

Second Samnite War. 276.

Third War with Samnites and the Italian League. 278.

War with Pyrrhus, King of Epirus. 279.

Colonies and Roads. 282.

THIRD PERIOD. Foreign Wars. 283.

First Punic War. 284.

War with the Gauls. 286.

Second Punic War, and Invasion of Italy by Hannibal. 287.

Battles of the Trebia, Lake Thrasymene, Cannæ. 288, 289.

Wars with Antiochus the Great; with Spain, Liguria, Corsica,
Sardinia, and Macedon. 293.

Third Punic War. 294.

Subjugation of the Spanish Peninsula. 295.

FOURTH PERIOD. Internal Commotions and Civil Wars. 296.

Reforms Proposed by the Gracchi. 297.

Jugurthine Wars, and Rise of Marius. 299.

Defeat of the Teutones and Cimbri. 302.

Servile Wars in Sicily. 303.

The Social War. 304.

Exile and Seventh Consulship of Marius. 305.

Dictatorship of Sulla. 306.

Sertorius in Spain. 307.

War of the Gladiators. 308.

Extraordinary Power of Pompey. 311.

Conspiracy of Catiline. 312.

Triumvirate of Pompey, Cæsar, and Crassus. 314.

Conquests of Cæsar in Gaul, Britain, and Germany. 315.

Civil War; Pompey defeated at Pharsalia. 319.

Cæsar Victor at Thapsus, and Master of Rome. 321.

Murder of Cæsar in the Senate-house. 323.

Triumvirate of Antony, Cæsar Octavianus, and Lepidus. 324.

Antony defeated at Actium; Octavianus becomes Augustus. 325.

III. HISTORY OF THE ROMAN EMPIRE. 326.

FIRST PERIOD.

Reigns of Augustus, 326; Tiberius, 328; Caligula, Claudius,
330; Nero, 331; Galba, Otho, Vitellius, 333; Vespasian, Titus,
Domitian, 334; Nerva, Trajan, 335; Hadrian, T. Antoninus Pius,
M. Aurelius Antoninus, 336; Commodus, 337.

SECOND PERIOD.

Reigns of Pertinax, Didius Julianus, 338; Severus, Caracalla,
Macrinus, Elagabalus, 339; Alexander Severus, 340; Maximin, the
Gordians, Pupienus and Balbinus, Gordian the Younger, Philip,
Decius, 341; Gallus, Æmilian, Valerian, Gallienus and the
“Thirty Tyrants,” 342; Aurelian, Tacitus, Florian, 343; Probus,
Carus, Numerian, Carinus, 344.

THIRD PERIOD.

Reigns of Diocletian and Maximian with two Cæsars, 345; of
Constantine, Maximian, and Maxentius in the West—Galerius,
Maximin, and Licinius in the East, 348; of Constantine alone,
and the Reörganization of the Empire, 349; of Constantine II.,
Constans, and Constantius II., 350; of Julian, Jovian, and
Valentinian I., 352; of Valens, 353; of Gratian, Valentinian
II., and Theodosius I., 354.

FOURTH PERIOD.

Final Separation of the Eastern and Western Empires. 356.

Reigns, in the West, of Honorius, 356; of Valentinian III.,
358; of Maximus, 359; of Avitus, Marjorian, Libius Severus,
Anthemius, Olybrius, Glycerius, and Julius Nepos, 360; of
Romulus Augustulus, 361.

MAPS.

I. The World as known to the Assyrians. facing 17.

II. Empire of the Persians. ” 97.

III. Ancient Greece and the Ægean Sea. ” 113.

IV. Empire of the Macedonians. ” 209.

V. Italy, with the Eleven Regions of Augustus. ” 257.

VI. The Roman Empire. ” 305.