Chapter III: The Latin Versions (2)

Among the earliest productions of the press, Latin Bibles took a prominent position; and during the first half-century of printing at least 124 editions were published(77). Of these perhaps the finest is the earliest, the famous “forty-two line” Bible, issued at Mentz between 1452 and 1456, in two volumes, and usually ascribed to Gutenberg(78). This is usually called the “Mazarin Bible,” from the copy which first attracted the notice of bibliographers having been discovered in the Library of Cardinal Mazarin; in the New Testament, the order of books is Evv., Paul., Act., Cath., Apoc. Mr. Copinger enumerates twenty-five copies on vellum and paper as still known to exist; there are two in the British Museum. The first Bible published at Rome is dated 1471, and was printed by Conrad Sweynheym and Arnold Pannartz, two vols., folio; the first octavo edition, or “poor man’s Bible,” was printed at Basle in 1491 by Froben. The early editions, however, reproduced the current mediaeval type of text, or copied from each other, the only exceptions being those printed by Froben, whose copies, says Mr. Copinger, were sought after, for their accuracy, by the best scholars in Europe, and whose edition of 1502 with the “glossa ordinaria” sometimes stands quite alone in possessing the true reading. The first, edition with a collection of various readings appears to be one published at Paris in 1504(79), followed by others at Venice and Lyons in 1511, 1513; and a definite revision of the text was attempted by Cardinal Ximenes, in the famous Complutensian Polyglott (1514, &c.; see Chap. V)(80), in which he made use of the Bible of Alcalá (_see_ below, no. 42); but though an advance was made on previous editions, the text was still far from pure. Erasmus, in his famous edition of the Greek Testament, appended a Latin translation; this he made himself directly from the Greek, but in his notes he discusses the current Vulgate text and gives readings from MSS. which he had examined; of these he mentions those at the Royal Library at Mechlin, St. Paul’s Cathedral, London, Corsendonk Austin Priory, Constance Cathedral, St. Donatian (Abbaye des Dunes) of Bruges; of these the first and third only can be now identified, _see_ below, pp. 84, 81, nos.(81) 134, 109. The first edition of a really critical nature was that of Robert Stephen, in 1528; for this he used three good MSS., the _Exemplar S. Germani parvum_ (Par. lat. 11937), the Corbey Bible (Par. lat. 11532-3), and the Bible of St. Denis (Par. lat. 2); _see_ below, nos. 22, 20, 10; and he published a more important edition in 1538-40 (reprinted 1546), in which he made use of seventeen MSS., of which the following(82), numbered 19, 21, 22, 100 below, have been identified. _This edition is practically the foundation of the Modern Vulgate_, and is cited by Wordsworth as ϛ. Later, John Hentenius, in his folio edition of the Bible, (Louvain, 1547, and often reprinted); cited by Wordsworth as [Gothic: H] seems to have used about thirty-one MSS. and two printed copies; but as no various readings are cited from individual MSS., they cannot well be identified; _see_ his preface. Lucas Brugensis (_see_ his catalogue at the end of the Hentenian Bible of 1583, p. 6) also gives a long list of MSS., which seem impossible to be identified(83), and we must also bear in mind the corrected editions published by Th. Vivian (Paris), and Junta (Venice), 1534 (both are small copies of the New Testament, corrected occasionally from the Greek), Isidore Clarius (Venice, 1542), J. Benedictus (Paris, 1558), Paul Eber (1565), and Luke Osiander (1578).

When the Council of Trent met, the duty of providing for the members of the Church of Rome the most correct recension of the Latin Bible that skill and diligence could produce was obviously incumbent on it; and in one of its earliest sittings (April 8, 1546) the famous decree was passed, ordaining that of the many published editions of the Holy Scripture “haec ipsa vetus et vulgata editio, quae longo tot saeculorum usu in ipsa ecclesia probata est” should be chosen, and “in publicis lectionibus, disputationibus, praedicationibus, et expositionibus pro _authentica_ habeatur” (Sess. iv. Decr. 2); and directing that “posthac sacra Scriptura, potissimum vero haec ipsa vetus et vulgata editio quam emendatissime imprimatur.” No immediate action, however, was taken in the matter, and for forty years the editions were still printed and published by private scholars; the Hentenian, for the time being, becoming almost the standard text of the Roman Catholic Church.

Pope Pius IV had indeed begun the task of correcting the Vulgate Bible, but without immediate result, and under his successors the matter still rested, till the accession of Sixtus V (1585-90)(84), a Pope as energetic in his labours on the Holy Scripture as in other spheres of activity. He appointed a commission on the subject, under the presidency of Cardinal Carafa; and after they had presented the Pope with the result of their work, in the beginning of 1589, he devoted himself personally to the study, reading through the whole Bible more than once, and using his best endeavours to bring it to the highest pitch of accuracy. The result of this appeared in a folio edition of the Bible in three volumes, in 1590(85), accompanied by a Bull, in which, after relating the extreme care that had been taken in preparing the volume, Sixtus V declared that it was to be considered as the _authentic_ edition recommended by the Council of Trent, that it should be taken as the standard of all future reprints, and that all copies should be corrected by it. The edition itself (cited by Wordsworth as [Gothic: S]) was not without faults, and indeed received a good number of corrections by hand after the proofs were printed off; it presents a text more nearly resembling that of Robt. Stephen than that of John Hentenius. In a few months, however, Sixtus was dead; a number of short-lived Popes succeeded him, and in Jan. 1592, Clement VIII ascended the throne. Almost immediately he gave orders for the copies of the Sixtine Vulgate to be called in; it has been hitherto supposed _simply_ on account of its inaccuracy, but Professor Nestle (pp. 17 ff.) argues reasonably enough that this ground is insufficient, and suggests that the revocation was really due to the influence of the Jesuits, whom Sixtus had offended by placing one of Bellarmine’s books on the _Index Librorum prohibitorum_. Be that as it may, in the same year the Clementine edition of the Vulgate (Wordsworth’s [Gothic: C]) was published, differing from the Sixtine in many places, and presenting a type of text more nearly allied to Hentenius’ Bible. To avoid the appearance of a conflict between the two Popes, the Clementine Bible was boldly published under the name of Sixtus, with a preface by Bellarmine asserting that Sixtus had intended to bring out a new edition in consequence of errors that had occurred in the printing of the first, but had been prevented by death; now, in accordance with his desire, the work was completed by his successor. The opportunity, however, was too good a one for Protestants to miss, and Thomas James in his “Bellum Papale sive Concordia discors” (London, 1600), upbraids the two Popes on their high pretensions and the palpable failure of at least one, possibly both of them(86).

From this time forward the Clementine Vulgate (sometimes under the name of Clement, sometimes under that of Sixtus, sometimes under both names)(87) has been the standard edition for the Roman Church; by the Bull of 1592, every edition must be assimilated to this one, no word of the text may be altered, nor even variant readings printed in the margin(88).

Thus the modern attempts at a scientific and critical revision of this version have come from students mainly outside the communion of the Roman Church.

The design of Bentley for a critical Greek Testament is described below (Chap. V); it was obvious that for its prosecution the MSS. of the Vulgate would have to be collated as carefully as those of the Greek text itself; and accordingly the variant readings of a good number were collected by Bentley himself, nos. 3, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 82, 83, 85, 155, 160; other MSS. were collated by his friend and colleague John Walker, who worked much at Paris in 1719 and the following years; to him we owe collations of nos. 10, 11, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 52, 96, 97, 102, 151, 164, while he obtained collations of the Tours MSS. (nos. 106, 107, 108, 166) from L. Chevalier, through their common friend Sabatier; and of the Oxford MSS. (nos. 86, 87, 89, 90, 148, 161), from David Casley. Walker died, however, in November, 1741, six months before the great Bentley, and the projected edition came to naught(89). Their collations have not been published, but are contained in the following volumes, in the Library of Trinity College, Cambridge: B. 17. 5 containing collations by Walker, Chevalier, Casley, and Bentley; and B. 17. 15 containing collations by Bentley; and they have been made use of by Bishop Wordsworth in his edition of the Vulgate(90).

Two attempts are being made now to restore the text of St. Jerome: that of Dr. Peter Corssen, of Berlin, and the Oxford edition under the hands of the Bishop of Salisbury. Dr. Corssen’s published results at present consist only of the Epistle to the Galatians (“Epistula ad Galatas,” Berlin, Weidmann, 1885), but he has been spending several years in the accumulation of material, and other books of the New Testament will probably be published before very long. The Bishop of Salisbury after nearly eleven years’ preparation, in conjunction with the Rev. H. J. White and other friends, published the first volume of his edition, containing St. Matthew’s Gospel, in 1889; St. Mark following in 1891, and St. Luke in 1892; and it is hoped that the rest of the New Testament may be published in due course. More than thirty MSS., those numbered 5, 6, 18, 21, 28, 29, 37, 41, 51, 56, 64, 67, 68, 72, 77, 78, 82, 85, 86, 87, 91, 97, 98, 106, 115, 128, 129, 130, 132, 147, 148, 153, 154, 159, 175 below, have been carefully collated throughout for this edition, and a large number of others are cited in all the important passages, besides _correctoria_, and the more noticeable of the earlier printed Bibles.

To enumerate all the known MSS. of the Old Latin version was an easy task; to enumerate those of the Vulgate is almost impossible. It is computed that there are at least 8,000 scattered throughout the various Libraries of Europe, and M. Samuel Berger, the greatest living authority on the subject, has examined more than 800 in Paris alone. Nor would an exhaustive enumeration be of much critical value, as a large number of comparatively late MSS. probably contain the same corrupt type of text.

In the following list it is hoped that most of the really important MSS. are included; the writer has had the unwearied and invaluable aid of M. Samuel Berger(91), besides that of many other kind friends, in its compilation. It has been thought best to arrange the MSS. on a double system; _first_ according to their contents:—A. Bibles, whole or incomplete; B. New Testament; C. Gospels; D. Acts and onwards; E. Epistles and Apocalypse; and _secondly_ under each of these heads, A-E, according to countries (alphabetically):—Austria, British Isles, France, Germany, Holland, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United States.

For other lists the student is referred to Le Long, Bibliotheca Sacra, ed. 1723, vol. i. p. 235; Vercellone, Variae Lectiones, Romae, 1860, vol. i. p. lxxxiii f., ii. p. xvii f.; Berger, p. 374 f.; and for a fuller treatment of the history and text of the Vulgate, to Bishop Westcott’s article “Vulgate” in Smith’s Bible Dictionary; Kaulen, Geschichte d. Vulgata, Mainz, 1865; Fritzsche, “Lateinische Bibelübersetzungen” in Herzog, Realencyclopädie, second ed., vol. viii; P. Corssen in Die Trierer Adahandschr., Leipzig, 1889; and the important work of S. Berger, Histoire de la Vulgate pendant les premiers siècles du moyen âge, Paris, 1893; to economize space, this will be quoted below simply as “Berger.”

After the list of MSS. are added indices of the various notations by which respectively Bentley, Tischendorf, Wordsworth, &c., have cited them.

A. BIBLES.

a. _Austria: Vienna._

1. Imperial Library, Lat. 1190. Bible [early ix], probably copied
in the Abbey of St. Vedast at Arras, during the time of the Abbot
Rado (795-815); Alcuinian poems. _See_ M. Denis’ Catalogue, i. p.
167, and Berger, p. 108 f.

b. _British Isles: British Museum._

2. Reg. I. B. xii. Bible [xiii], written in 1254 by William of
Hales for Thomas de la Wile, “Magister Scolarum Sarum.” Cited by
Bishop Wordsworth as W, and incorporated by him into his
_apparatus criticus_ as furnishing a fair specimen of the current
mediaeval text.

3. Reg. I. E. vii, viii. Bible [x], in two large folio volumes,
the first few pages of each volume, and the last pages of the
second, being supplied in a twelfth-century hand; contains
stichometry to several of the books, both in the Old and in the
New Testaments; order of New Test., Ev., Act., Cath., Paul. (Laod.
after Hebr.), Apoc.; Bentley’s R.

4. Harl. 4772, 4773. Bible [xiii], in 2 vols., formerly belonging
to the Capucin Monastery of Montpellier; the second volume appears
to be somewhat later than the first. The MS. both in handwriting
and text seems to come from the south of France. _See_ Berger, p.
76.

5 5. Addit. 10,546. The noble Alcuinian Bible [ix], known usually
as “Charlemagne’s’ Bible,” or the Bible of Grandval (near Basle);
became the property of the British Museum in 1836. Probably
written about the time of Charles the Bald; a good specimen of the
Alcuinian revision; _see_ the Museum Catalogue, i pl. 42, 43, and
Westwood, Pal. Sacra Pict., p. 25. Wordsworth’s K; collated by the
Revs. G. M. Youngman and H. J. White.

6. Addit. 24,142. Bible [ix], formerly belonging to the Monastery
of St. Hubert in the Ardennes; written in small minuscule hand,
strongly resembling that of the Theodulfian Bible (_see_ below,
no. 18), three columns to a page; contains Old Test., and in New
Test. Ev., Paul., Cath., as far as 1 Pet. iv. 3. Facsimile in
“Catalogue of Anc. MSS. in the B. M.” p. 5, pl. 45. Wordsworth’s
H.

7. Addit. 28,107. The second volume of a Bible in large folio
[dated 1097], 240 leaves, from St. Remacle’s at Stavelot, near
Liège; with peculiar capitula, and a stichometry. _See_ Lightfoot,
Journal of Philology, vol. iii. no. 6, p. 197 f.; Facsimile in
Palaeogr. Soc. ii. pl. 92, 93.

c. _France: Dijon._

8. Public Library, 9 bis. Bible, 4 vols, [xii], corrected
throughout by Stephen Harding, third abbot of Citeaux; _see_
above, p. 60.

_Paris._

9. B. N. Lat. 1, formerly 35,612. Bible [middle ix], 423 leaves,
fol., 50 x 38 cent., minuscule. This splendid MS., with pictures
and initials, was presented to Charles the Bald by Vivian, abbot
of St. Martin of Tours, and was for a long time in the Cathedral
treasury at Metz; it was given by the Chapter of Metz to Colbert
in 1675. _See_ Delisle, Cab. des MSS., iii. p. 234 ff.; Berger, p.
215 f.; Le Long, i. p. 237. Alcuinian text.

10. B. N. Lat. 2, formerly 3561 (not, as Le Long and Walker say,
3562). The Bible of St. Denis or of Charles the Bald [ix], 444
leaves, fol., minuscule, with fine initial letters, contains
verses in praise of Charles the Bald; in the N. T. the Apoc. is
wanting. _See_ O.L. Bibl. T., i. p. 55; Delisle, Cab. des MSS., i.
p. 200, and pl. xxviii. 1, 4, 5; Les Bibles de Théodulfe, p. 7; De
Bastard, c-civ; Jorand, Grammatogr. du ixe siècle, Paris, 1837;
Silvestre, Pal. Univ., clxxi; Berger, p. 287 f. Walker’s ε; used
previously by R. Stephen in his Bible of 1528.

11. Lat. 3, formerly Reg. 3562. Bible [middle ix], fol., thick
minuscule; parts of the Apoc. have been supplied by a later hand.
Belonged first to the Monastery of Glanfeuil, then to the Abbey of
St. Maur des Fossés near Charenton, the library of which was
acquired by the St. Germain Abbey in 1716; a good specimen of the
Alcuinian revision. _See_ Delisle, Cab. des MSS., pl. xxv. 1, 2,
xxix. 4; Berger, p. 213 f. Walker’s η.

12. Lat. 4, formerly Colbert 157, 158, then Reg. 357112.13; 2
vols., fol., 53.5 x 33 cent, [ix or x]; 42 contains 193 leaves,
with Psalms, Ev., Act., Cath., Apoc., Paul. This MS. was given to
Colbert by the Canons of Puy, and called “Codex Aniciensis.” The
first hand presents an Alcuinian text, but a second hand has added
a large number of remarkable variant readings, especially in the
Acts and Cath. Epp. It appears to belong to Languedoc. _See_
Berger, p. 73.

13. Lat. 6. Bible in 4 vols. [x], fol., 48 x 33.5 cent., from the
Abbey of Rosas in Catalonia. The fourth volume (64) contains the
New Test. (113 f.) in following order, Ev., Act., Cath., Paul.
(Laod. between Col. and Thess.), Apoc. Valuable text, the first
hand contains a large number of interesting and Old Latin
readings; and in the Acts, the second hand has added a number of
Old Latin variants in the margin. From the Noailles Library; _see_
Berger, p. 24.

14. Lat. 7, formerly Reg. 3567, one of Card. Mazarin’s MSS. Bible,
fol., 51 x 34.5 cent. [xi probably], with fine illuminations;
order of books in New Test., Ev., Act., Cath., Paul., Apoc.
Interesting text in the Acts, and strongly resembling the second
hand of Lat. 42, this MS. was also probably written in Languedoc.
Facsimile in De Bastard. _See_ Berger, p. 73.

15. Lat. 45 and 93, formerly Reg. 3563-4. Bible [late ix], fol.,
thick minuscule; no. 93 has 261 leaves, the New Test. (Ev., Act.,
Cath., Paul., Apoc.), commencing on fol. 156. This MS. belonged
originally to the Monastery of St. Riquier on the Somme;
interesting text, especially in the Acts and Cath. Epp. Walker’s
θ. Berger, p. 96 f.

16. Lat. 47, formerly Reg. 3564a (Faurianus 32, i.e. in the
library of Antoine Faure). Part of a Bible [xi], fol., 176 leaves
minuscule; closely resembling no. 11 (Lat. 3) in text and perhaps
even more valuable; much _mut._ in N. T. Walker’s κ.

17. Lat. 140. Bible [xv], written in Germany, and bearing the name
and arms of a Tyrolese, Joachim Schiller ab Herdern. Order of
books in the New Test., Ev., Paul., Apoc., Cath., Act. Interesting
text, especially in the Acts, where it is more or less mixed;
examined by S. Berger.

18. Lat. 9380. Bible [ix], in beautiful and minute minuscule. The
famous Theodulfian Bible, formerly belonging to the Cathedral of
Orleans, and bearing such a strong resemblance to the other
Theodulfian Codex at Puy (_see_ below, no. 24), that M. Delisle
declares many pages look almost like proofs struck from the same
type. It bears a strong resemblance also to the St. Hubert Bible
(Brit. Mus. Add. 24,142, _see_ no. 6), though it is written in a
smaller hand; the Hubert text has been throughout assimilated to
this. _See_ Berger, p. 149 f.; Delisle, Cab. des MSS., pl. xxi. 3,
and Les Bibles de Théodulfe, Paris, 1879. Wordsworth’s Θ; collated
by Revs. C. Wordsworth and H. J. White.

19. Lat. 11,504-5, formerly St. Germain 3, 4, afterwards 16, 17.
Bible [ix], fol., 199 and 215 leaves, minuscule; dated 822. New
Test. contains Ev., Act., Rom., 1 and 2 Cor., Gal., Eph., Phil.,
Col., 1 and 2 Thess., 1 Tim.; then a lacuna; Apoc., Cath. _See_
O.L.B.T., i. p. 57; Del., Cab. des MSS., pl. xxiv; Berger, p. 93.
Walker’s ο2; he collated Act., Cath., Paul., Apoc.

20. Lat. 11,532, 11,533, formerly at Corbey, afterwards St.
Germain 1, 2, then 14, 15; 2 vols. Bible [ix], fol., minuscules;
probably written after 855 A.D., the year of the accession of
Lothair II, who is mentioned in an inscription at the end of the
book. Order of books in the New Test., Ev., Act., Cath., Paul.,
Apoc. Walker’s ν; he collated Act., Cath., Paul., Apoc., not Ev.;
see Wordsworth, O.L.B.T., i. p. 57; Berger, p. 104 f.

21. Lat. 11,553, described above (p. 47) as _g_1. Old Latin text
in St. Matthew; in the rest of the New Test, a Vulgate text, but
with strong admixture of Old Latin elements. Order of books in New
Test., Ev., Act., Cath., Apoc, Paul. Wordsworth’s G, Walker’s μ;
_see_ also Berger, p. 65 ff.

22. Lat. 11,937, formerly St. Germain 9, then 645. First volume of
Bible [ix], 4to, 179 leaves, containing the Old Test., but
incomplete. This MS. was the “Germ, parv.” of R. Stephen, who
cites it also in Matt, v-viii; the volume, however, containing the
New Testament has since disappeared. _See_ Delisle, Les Bibles de
Théodulfe, p. 28.

23. Lat. 16,719-16,722. Bible [xiii], in 4 vols., corrected
throughout by the Dominicans under the auspices of Hugo de St.
Caro, _see_ above, p. 60, often called the Bible of St. Hugo de
St. Caro.

_Puy._

24. Cathedral Library. The famous Bible [viii or ix], written
under the direction of Theodulf, Bishop of Orleans, and closely
resembling the Paris Codex B. N. Lat. 9380, though not of equal
critical value (_see_ above, p. 69, no. 18). Described by Delisle,
Les Bibles de Théodulfe; _see_ also Le Long, i. p. 235; Berger, p.
171 f.

d. _Germany: Bamberg._

25. Royal Library, A. I. 5. Bible [ix], large folio, 423 leaves.
One of the finest examples of the Alcuinian recension, and a
typical specimen of the second period of Caroline writing and
ornamentation. Written in the monastery of St. Martin at Tours.
Apocalypse wanting. _See_ Leitschuh, Führer durch d. kgl. Bibl. zu
Bamberg, 1889, p. 82. Wordsworth’s B2 in Acts &c.; collated by the
Rev. H. J. White.

_Metz._

26. Public Library, no. 7. Second half of Bible [early ix],
minuscule. Mixed text, with Languedocian and Irish
characteristics. _See_ Berger, p. 100.

_Würzburg_(92).

27. Mp. th. fol. max. 1. Bible [xi], 403 leaves, large folio,
formerly belonging to the Cathedral Library. Contains the whole
Bible except Pauline Epp. and Book of Baruch, which, together with
the Epistle to the Laodiceans, have been abstracted.

e. _Italy: La Cava._

28. Corpo di Cava (near Salerno); Benedictine Abbey. The
well-known “Codex Cavensis” of the whole Bible [prob. ix], written
in Spain, probably in Castile or Leon, in small, round Visigothic
minuscules, by a scribe Danila; a copy was made by the Abbate de
Rossi early in this century, and is now in the Vatican (Lat.
8484). A good representative of the Spanish type of text, and
closely resembling the Codex Toletanus (no. 41). _See_ Dom
Bernardo Gaetani de Aragona, Cod. diplomat. Cavensis, vol. i,
Naples, 1873; Silvestre, Pal. univ., iii; L. Ziegler, Sitzungsber.
der k. bayr. Akad. der Wissenschaften phil. phil. Klasse, Munich,
1876, p. 655 f.; Pertz, Archiv, v. p. 542. Collated by Bishop
Wordsworth. Tischendorf’s _cav._, Wordsworth’s C.

_Florence._

29. Laurentian Library. The far-famed Codex Amiatinus of the whole
Bible [end of vii or beginning of viii], 1029 leaves, large folio.
Till lately it was supposed to have been written by a sixth
century scribe in Italy; but now, principally through the
acuteness of G. B. de Rossi and the late Professor Hort, it has
been proved that it was written by the order of the abbot Ceolfrid
either at Wearmouth or Jarrow, and sent by him as a present to the
Pope at Rome in 715 A.D. Afterwards placed in the Monastic Library
at Monte Amiata, whence it was again sent to Rome for collation at
the time of the Sixtine revision (_see_ p. 64). The New Testament
was badly edited by F. F. Fleck, 1840; carefully, though not
without a few slips, by Tischendorf in 1850 (second ed. with some
emendations 1854); and by Tregelles in his Greek New Test. 1857.
Facsimiles in Zangemeister and Wattenb., Exempla codd. lat., pl.
35, and Palaeogr. Soc. ii. pl. 65, 66. Of the recent literature on
this MS., and especially on the first quaternion, with its lists
of the books of the Bible closely resembling those of Cassiodorus,
_see_ G. B. de Rossi, La Biblia offerta da Ceolfr. Abb. al
Sepolcro di S. Pietro, Rome, 1887; H. J. White, The Codex
Amiatinus and its Birthplace, in “Studia Biblica,” ii. p. 273
(Oxford, 1890); P. Corssen, Die Bibeln des Cassiodorus und der
Cod. Amiatinus, in the “Jahrb. f. prot. Theologie,” 1883 and 1891;
Th. Zahn, Gesch. d. ntl. Kanons, ii. p. 267 f. Tischendorf’s
_am._, Wordsworth’s A.

_Milan._

30. Ambrosian Library, E. 26 _inf._ Part of a Bible [ix or x],
commencing with Chron. and finishing with Pauline Epp. Probably
written at Bobbio. Mixed text, especially interesting in St.
Paul’s Epp.; does not contain the last three verses of Romans;
_see_ Berger, p. 138.

31. E. 53 _inf._ Bible [ix or x], much mutilated; 169 leaves,
containing the sacred books in the following order: Octateuch,
Jerem., Acts, Cath., Apoc., Kings, Solomon, Job, Tobit, Judith,
Esther, Esdras, Maccabees, Ezek., Dan., minor prophets, Isa.,
Pauline Epp.; i.e. the order in which they are read in
ecclesiastical lessons during the year. Formerly at Biasca, a
village in the valley of Tessin on the St. Gothard. Vulgate text,
but mixed with Old Latin elements; interesting as containing not
only the Ep. to the Laodiceans but also the apocryphal
correspondence between St. Paul and the Corinthians (cp. the Laon
MS., no. 161). _See_ Carrière and Berger, La correspondance apocr.
de St. Paul et des Corinthiens, Paris, 1891.

_Monte Cassino._

32. Monastery of Monte Cassino: codd. 552 and 557 are mentioned by
Corssen (Ep. ad Galatas, Berlin, 1885, p. 15) as worthy of note:
552 Bible [xi], 557 Bible [xii-xiii], but both containing an
ancient text. Order of books in both is Ev., Act., Cath., Apoc.,
Paul. (Ev. lacking in 552). _See_ also “Bibliotheca Casinensis,”
ii. pp. 313-352.

_Monza._

33. Collegiate Archives, G. 1. Bible [ix], written at Tours by the
scribe Amalricus, who was Archbishop of Tours: specimen of the
Alcuinian recension and resembling in text and in outward
appearance and writing the Parisian Bible, B. N. Lat. 3 (no. 11
above). _See_ Corssen, Epist. ad Galatas, p. 10; Berger, p. 221.

_Rome._

34. Vat. Lat. 5729, Codex Farfensis. Bible [xi], in one enormous
volume; in good preservation, written in three columns. _See_
Vercellone, Var. Lect., ii. p. xvii, and Le Long, i. p. 235; the
latter wrongly cites it as 6729.

35. Bible of S. Maria ad Martyres (La Rotonda, Pantheon). Bible
[x], large folio. The books in the New Test. are in the following
order: Ev., Act., Cath., Apoc., Paul.; used by Vercellone.

36. The splendid Bible [ix] preserved in the Library of “S. Paul
without the walls;” belonged to Charles the Bald, and preserves an
Alcuinian text, strongly resembling V. _See_ Vercellone, Var.
Lect., i. p. lxxxv; Le Long, i. p. 237; Berger, p. 292.

37. Vallicellian Library, B. vi. Bible [ix], 347 leaves, large
4to, Caroline minuscules. The Church of Sta. Maria in Vallicella
belongs to the Oratorian Fathers, and Bianchini himself was an
Oratorian; he refers to this MS. in the “Evang. Quadr.,” ii. pl.
viii. p. 600, and it is probably the best extant specimen of the
Alcuinian revision. Bp. Wordsworth collated it, and cites it as V;
_see_ also Berger, p. 197.

f. _Spain: Leon._

38. Cathedral Library, 15. Fragments of Bible [vii], palimpsest;
40 leaves, semi-uncial, under some writing in a Visigothic hand of
the tenth century. Contains in New Test. portions of Acts, 2 Cor.,
Col., and 1 John. Vulgate base but with Old Latin elements,
especially in 1 John. Discovered by Dr. Rudolf Beer, who is
proposing to publish the fragments. _See_ Berger, p. 8.

39. Cathedral Library, 6. Second volume of a Bible [x], formerly
belonging to the Convent of SS. Cosmas and Damian in the Valle de
Torio, and thought to date from the time of Ordogno II (913-923);
written by two scribes, Vimara, a presbyter, and John, a deacon;
minuscule, like Cavensis, only larger. Order of books in the New
Test. is Ev. (followed by a commentary), Act., Paul. (including
Laod.), Cath., Apoc.; examined by Bp. Wordsworth in 1882. _See_
Berger, p. 17.

40. Church of San Isidro; Codex Gothicus Legionensis. Bible [x],
folio, dated 998 of the Spanish era, i.e. 960 A.D.; minuscule of
the same type as Cavensis, only larger. Order of books in the New
Test.: Ev., Paul., Cath., Act., Apoc. Written “a notario Sanctioni
presbitero,” and was collated on behalf of the Sixtine revision of
the Vulgate for Card. Carafa, and by him called the Codex
Gothicus; this collation is preserved in the Vatican, Lat. 4859.
Examined by Bp. Wordsworth in 1882. _See_ Berger, p. 18.

_Madrid._

41. National Library. Bible [x? Berger would date it viii], in
three columns, the famous “Codex Toletanus.” According to a notice
in the MS. itself, its “auctor possessorque” (auctor = legal
owner?), Servandus of Seville, gave it to his friend John, Bishop
of Cordova, who in turn offered it in the year 988 to the see of
Seville; thence it passed in time to Toledo and ultimately to
Madrid. It is written in Visigothic characters, and presents the
Spanish type of text, strongly resembling the Cod. Cavensis (no.
28). Collated for the Sixtine revision by Chr. Palomares, whose
work, written in a Hentenian Bible of 1569, is now preserved in
the Vatican (Lat. 9508); it was not, however, used in that
revision, as it reached Cardinal Carafa too late. Bianchini
published the collation in his “Vindiciae Can. Script.,” Rome,
1740, pp. xlvii-ccxvi (= Migne, Patr. Lat., tom. xxix). Bp.
Wordsworth collated the New Testament in 1882. _See_ Berger, p.
12; Merino, Escuela Paleogr., pl. v. pp. 53-9, Madrid, 1780; Muñoz
y Rivero, Paleografia Visigoda, pl. viii, ix, Madrid, 1881; Ewald
and Loewe, Exempla Scr. Visig., pp. 7, 8, pl. ix. Tischendorf’s
_tol._; Wordsworth’s T.

42. University Library, no. 31: Codex Complutensis, i.e. of Alcalá
(= Complutum). Bible [ix or x]; in the New Test. Laod. follow
Hebrews. Plainly a Spanish text, but with peculiar readings in the
Epistles, and especially in the Acts. Purchased at Toledo by
Cardinal Ximenes; described by Berger, p. 22, and Westcott,
Vulgate, p. 1705.

43. University Library, no. 32. Second volume of a Bible [ix-x],
folio, containing from the Proverbs to the Apocalypse, in a
Visigothic hand; the ornaments somewhat resembling those of the
Codex Cavensis. It formerly belonged to Cardinal Ximenes: _see_
Berger, p. 15.

44. Royal Academy of History (Calle del Leon 21), No. F. 186. The
second volume of a Bible [x], small folio, written by the monk
Quisius. It formerly belonged to the Abbey of St. Emilianus (S.
Millan de la Cogolla), between Burgos and Logroño. Order of books
in New Test.: Ev., Act., Paul., Cath., Apoc. (fragmentary). The
handwriting resembles Cavensis, though it is slightly larger, and
the text also belongs to the Spanish group. Examined by Bp.
Wordsworth in 1882; _see_ Berger, p. 16.

g. _Switzerland: Berne._

45. University Library, A. 9. Bible [xi], originally belonging to
Vienne in Dauphiné. Contains an interesting text in Cath. Epp. and
Acts, where it seems to be much under Theodulfian influence or
that of the texts belonging to the South of France; the
corrections too are interesting. _See_ Berger, p. 62 f.

_Einsiedeln._

46. Einsiedeln Library, no. 1. Bible [early x], possibly copied at
Einsiedeln; corrected in accordance with a text like that of St.
Gall 75. _See_ Berger, p. 132.

47. Einsiedeln Library, nos. 5-7. Bible [x], also corrected and
bearing strong resemblance to the one above; same order of books
as in 31.

_St. Gall._

48. Stiftsbibliothek, no. 11 [viii]. A collection of extracts
composed for the use of the monks; written by the monk Winithar.
Vulgate text but with a mixture of Old Latin readings. _See_
Berger, p. 121 f.

49. Stiftsbibliothek, no. 75. [ix], large folio; contains complete
Bible; corrected by the abbot Hartmotus. _See_ Berger, p. 129.

_Present position unknown._

50. Bible [xiii, but copied from an early exemplar], edited by
Matthaei (N. T.) in the Act., Epp., Apoc.; _see_ his preface to
Cath. Epp., p. xxx f.; belonged to Paul Demidov. Formerly at
Lyons; Tischendorf’s _demid._

B. NEW TESTAMENTS.

a. _British Isles: Dublin._

51. Trin. Coll. The Book of Armagh. New Test. [ix], written by
Ferdomnach in a beautiful and small Irish hand. Order of books:
Evv., Paul. (Laod. after Col.), Cath., Apoc., Acts. The New Test.
was transcribed for Bp. Wordsworth by the Rev. G. M. Youngman; the
late Dr. Reeves, Bp. of Down, intended to edit it, and his work is
now (1893) being prepared for the press by Professors Gwynn and
Bernard, of Dublin. _See_ also “National MSS. of Ireland,” i. pp.
xiv-xvii, plates xxv-xxix; Berger, p. 31 f. Wordsworth’s D.

b. _France: Paris._

52. B. N. Lat. 250, formerly Reg. 3572; from Saint-Denis. New
Test. [ix], folio, minuscule: Evv., Act., Cath., Paul. (Laod.
after Col., which in turn is after Thess.), Apoc. Walker’s λ; he
collated Cath. and Apoc. Alcuinian text, _see_ Berger, p. 243.

53. Lat. 254. New Test. [xii]; has been described above as _c_ (p.
45). Text is Old Latin in the Gospels, Vulgate in the rest of the
New Test. _See_ Berger, p. 74.

54. Lat. 321, formerly belonging to Baluze. New Testament [early
xiii], written in the South of France, probably between
Carcassonne and Narbonne. Very interesting text; in the Epistles
and Acts there are a large number of Old Latin readings; the text
of the Acts is especially mixed; orthography incorrect. Berger, p.
77.

55. Lat. 342, formerly Colbert 6155. New Testament [early xiii],
written in the South of France; contains large mixture of Old
Latin readings throughout; examined by Berger.

c. _Germany: Fulda._

56. Abbey of Fulda in Prussia. The well-known Codex Fuldensis [vi]
of the New Testament, written for Bishop Victor of Capua, and
corrected by him A.D. 541-546. The Gospels are arranged in one
narrative, based on the order of Tatian’s Diatessaron, but with a
Vulgate text; the Ep. to the Laodiceans follows that to the
Colossians. Described by Schannat in 1723 (Vindemiae Literariae
Collectio, pp. 218-21), collated by Lachmann and Ph. Buttmann in
1839, and edited in full by E. Ranke (Marburg, 1868); _see_ also
Th. Zahn, Tatian’s Diatessaron, Erlangen, 1881, pp. 298-313; S.
Hemphill, The Diatessaron of Tatian, Dublin, 1888, pp. x, xi,
xxiv-v. Facsimiles in Ranke, and Zangem. and Wattenb., Exempla, p.
34. Tischendorf’s _fuld._; Wordsworth’s F.

d. _Sweden: Stockholm._

57. Royal Library: Codex Gigas Holmiensis [xiii]; Old Latin text
in Acts and Apoc., Vulgate in the New Testament; described above,
p. 51.

C. GOSPELS.

a. _Austria: Vienna._

58. _theo_ or _theotisc_ refers to the Latin version of the
“Fragmenta Theotisca versionis ant. Evang. S. Matthaei ...
ediderunt Steph. Endlicher et Hoffmann Fallerslebensis;
Vindobonae, 1834” (2nd edit. cura T. F. Massmann; Viennae, 1841);
15 leaves [viii], containing St. Matt. viii. 33 to the end of the
Gospel, but much mutilated; the _recto_ side of each leaf contains
the Theotisc or Old German version, mixed with Gothic, the _verso_
contains the Latin; quoted by Tischendorf in Matt. xx. 28, where
it has the common Latin addition. _See_ also J. A. Schmeller,
Ammonii Alexandrini Harmonia Evangeliorum, Vienna, 1841.

b. _British Isles: British Museum._

59. Reg. I. A. xviii. Gospels [x], 199 leaves, written in Caroline
minuscules, originally belonging to King Athelstan, who gave it to
St. Augustine’s monastery at Canterbury; _mut._ after John xviii.
21; _see_ British Museum Catalogue, p. 37. Bentley’s O.

60. Reg. I. B. vii. Gospels [viii], 155 leaves, written in
England. The Rev. G. M. Youngman, who has examined this MS.
carefully, says the text is very interesting, though rather mixed;
has been corrected throughout. Bentley’s H in Trin. Coll. Cam. B.
17. 14. _See_ Brit. Mus. Catalogue, p. 19, pl. 16, and Morin,
Liber Comicus, p. 426, 1893.

61. Reg. I. D. ix. Gospels [x], a handsome 4to volume of 150
leaves, the capitals throughout written in gold, and the initial
page to each Gospel finely illuminated; contains prefatory matter
and Capitulare, but is _mut._ after John xxi. 18. Formerly
belonged to King Canute, as an Anglo-Saxon inscription on fol. 43
_b_ testifies. _See_ Westwood, A.-S. and Ir. MSS., p. 141; Pal.
Sacra Pict., pl. 23. Bentley’s A.

62. Reg. I. E. vi. Gospels [end of viii], imperfect; 77 leaves,
half uncial characters, written in England; formerly belonging to
St. Augustine’s, Canterbury, and in all probability the second
volume of the famous “Biblia Gregoriana” mentioned by Elmham.
_See_ Westwood, A.-S. and Ir. MSS., pl. 14, 15; British Museum
Catalogue, p. 20, pl. 17, 18; Palaeogr. Soc, i. pl. 7; Berger, p.
35. Bentley’s P.

63. Cotton Tib. A. ii [early x], written in Germany; Gospels, 216
leaves, written in Caroline minuscules, once the property of King
Athelstan; _see_ British Museum Catalogue, p. 35. Bentley’s E.

64. Cotton Nero D. iv. The magnificent Lindisfarne Gospels [vii or
viii], rivalling even the Book of Kells (no. 78) in the beauty of
their writing and the richness of their ornamentation. Written by
Eadfrith, Bishop of Lindisfarne, 698-721 A.D., and other scribes;
preserve a very pure text, agreeing closely with the Codex
Amiatinus (no. 29), sometimes against all other known Vulgate MSS.
The Latin is accompanied by an interlinear version in the
Northumbrian dialect. Edited, rather carelessly, for the Surtees
Soc., by Stevenson and Waring, 1854-65; and W. W. Skeat, The
Gospel of St. Matthew; Anglo-Saxon and Northumbrian Versions,
Cambr., 1887; _see_ also Westwood, Anglo-Saxon and Ir. MSS., pp.
33-9, pl. 12, 13; Palaeogr. Sacra Pict., p. 45; Palaeogr. Soc., i.
pl. 3-6, 22; Brit. Mus. Catalogue, p. 15, pl. 8-11; Berger, p. 39;
Morin, Liber Comicus, p. 426. The Surtees text revised by the Rev.
G. M. Youngman. Wordsworth’s and Bentley’s Y.

65. Cotton Otho B. ix. Gospels [x?], nearly destroyed by fire;
there are twelve small fragments containing portions of prefatory
matter, and of SS. Matt., Mark, and John, in small Caroline
minuscules, but with a large capital at the beginning of St. Mark
and interlaced ornamentation. Bentley’s D.

66. Cotton Otho C. v. St. Matt. and St. Mark [probably viii],
written in Saxon hand, and _possibly_ part of the same MS. as
Bentley’s C (_see_ no. 76). This Manuscript is now simply a
collection of the shrivelled fragments of sixty-four leaves which
survived the fire of 1731; the last leaf contains Mark xvi. 6-20.
_See_ Brit. Mus. Catalogue, p. 20; the editors, however, doubt
whether it is part of the same MS. as no. 76. Bentley cites these
fragments as φ.

67. Egerton 609. Gospels [viii or ix], formerly belonging to the
Monastery of Marmoutier (Majus Monasterium) near Tours, where it
was numbered 102. It is written, however, in an Irish hand and
presents an Irish type of text; it is much _mut._, especially in
St. Mark. _See_ Brit. Mus. Catalogue, p. 30. Cited by Calmet,
Tischendorf, &c., as _mm_; collated again by the Rev. G. M.
Youngman, and cited by Wordsworth as E.

68. Harl. 1775. Gospels [vi or vii], in small but very beautiful
uncial hand, and with an extremely valuable text. Formerly
numbered 4582 in the Bibliothèque Royale at Paris; stolen from
thence by Jean Aymon, it passed into the possession of Harley,
Earl of Oxford, and then to the British Museum. Collated in part
by Griesbach, Symbolae Criticae, i. pp. 305-26, Halae, 1785; by
Bentley or Walker; later by the Rev. G. Williams; and for Bp.
Wordsworth’s Vulgate by the Rev. H. J. White; for facsimiles _see_
Brit. Mus. Catalogue, p. 14, pl. 3; Palaeogr. Soc., i. p. 16.
Wordsworth’s and Bentley’s Z; Tischendorf’s _harl_.

69. Harl. 1802. Gospels [xii], 156 leaves, a small Irish MS., with
copious marginal notes, written by the scribe Maelbrigte; stolen
from Paris by Jean Aymon. Bentley’s W.

70. Harl. 2788. Gospels [end of viii or beginning of ix], 208
leaves folio, an extremely fine MS., written throughout in golden
uncials, except the prefatory matter, which is in minuscules; the
vellum and also the colours used in the illumination are all
wonderfully bright and fresh. _See_ Brit. Mus. Catalogue, p. 22,
pl. 39-41; Corssen, Ada-H. S. p. 86; Bentley’s M in Trin. Coll.
Cam. B. 17. 5.

71. Harl. 2826. Gospels [ix or x], 150 leaves, Caroline
minuscules; formerly belonging to the monastery of Eller, near
Cochem, on the Mosel; _see_ Brit. Mus. Catalogue, p. 32. Bentley’s
H in Trin. Coll. Cam. B. 17. 5.

72. Addit. 5463. Gospels [viii or ix], from the nunnery of St.
Peter at Beneventum, formerly belonging to Dr. Richard Mead;
written in a fine revived uncial hand. The MS. has usually been
supposed to have been written at Beneventum, but Berger doubts
this (p. 92). Cited by Bentley as F, by Wordsworth as [Symbol: BF
ligature]. Facsimiles in Brit. Mus. Catalogue, p. 18, pl. 7, and
Palaeogr. Soc., i. p. 236.

_Cambridge._

73. University Library, I. i. 6. 32. The Book of Deer; Gospels
[viii or ix], small but rather wide 8vo, 86 leaves, but _mut._;
contains Matt. i. 1-vii. 23; Mark i. 1-v. 36; Luke i. 1-iv. 12;
John, complete. Belonged originally to the Columbian monastery of
Deer in Aberdeenshire: in 1697 belonged to Bp. J. Moore (of
Norwich and Ely), and with the rest of his library was bought for
the University of Cambridge in 1715. Contains many old and
peculiar readings (Westcott, p. 1694). Described by Westwood,
A.-S. and Ir. MSS., pp. 89-90; edited in full with facsimiles by
J. Stuart (for the Spalding Club), Edinburgh, 1869.

74. Univ. Libr. Kk. 1. 24. St. Luke and St. John [prob. viii],
written in Irish hand; collated by Bentley, who cites it as X, and
noticed by Westcott, Vulgate, pp. 1695 and 1712; it contains a
valuable text.

75. Trin. Coll. B. 10. 4. Gospels [ix], large 4to, written
apparently by the same scribe as Brit. Mus. Reg. I. D. ix (no.
61). This is Bentley’s T; according to Westcott (p. 1713) it is
good Vulgate, with some old readings.

76. Corpus Chr. Coll. CXCVII. Fragments of St. Luke [viii],
possibly from the same MS. as Bentley’s φ; _see_ above, no. 66,
and also Westwood, A.-S. and Ir. MSS., p. 49; this MS. has been
described, and the fragments of St. John published, by J. Goodwin,
Publications of the Cambr. Antiq. Soc., no. xiii, 1847. Bentley’s
C.

77. Corpus Chr. Coll. CCLXXXVI Evan. Gospels [vii], formerly
belonging to the monastery of St. Augustine at Canterbury, and
alleged to have been sent by Pope Gregory to Augustine. They
contain an interesting text, the first hand being corrected
throughout in accordance with a MS. of the type of the Codex
Amiatinus. _See_ Westwood, Anglo-Sax. and Ir. MSS., pp. 49, 50;
Pal. Sacra Pict., pl. 11. 1-4; Palaeogr. Soc., i. pl. 33, 34, 44.
Collated by the Rev. A. W. Streane. Bentley’s B; Wordsworth’s X.

_Dublin._

78. Trinity College A. 1. 6. Gospels [vii or viii], commonly known
as the Book of Kells; given to Trinity College, Dublin, by
Archbishop Ussher. This MS. is principally known as being perhaps
the most perfect specimen of Irish writing and illumination in
existence, but it also contains a valuable text, though marked
with the characteristics of the Irish family. A collation is given
by Dr. Abbott in his edition of the Codex Usserianus, or _r_1
(_see_ p. 50). Facsimiles in Palaeogr. Soc., i. pl. 55-8, 88, 89;
Westwood, A.-S. and Ir. MSS. pp. 25-33, pl. 8-11, and Pal. Sacra
Pict., pl. 16, 17; also National MSS. of Ireland, i. pp. x-xii,
pl. vii-xvii. Wordsworth’s Q.

79. Trinity Coll. A. 4. 5. The Book of Durrow. Gospels [end of
vi], 8vo, semi-uncial, the text is allied to Amiatinus; cited by
Bp. Wordsworth as _durmach_. According to an inscription on what
was the last page, the MS. was written by St. Columba himself in
the space of twelve days; the inscription however, like the rest
of the book, is probably copied from an earlier exemplar. A
collation of this MS. is given by Professor Abbott in his edition
of _r_1 (_see_ p. 50); _see_ also his article “On the colophon of
the Book of Durrow” (Dublin Hermathena, 1891, p. 199).

80. Trin. Coll. The Book of Moling. Gospels [viii or ix], small
4to, much the same size, writing, and ornamentation as the Gospels
of Macdurnan (_see_ 84); but so defaced by damp as to be quite
illegible in parts.

81. Royal Irish Academy. The Stowe St. John, formerly in the
Ashburnham Library; originally belonging to a Church in Munster.
Irish handwriting and text. _See_ Berger, p. 42.

_Durham._

82. Cathedral Library, A. ii. 16. Gospels [vii or viii], 134
leaves; said to have been written by Bede, and may very possibly
have come from the monastery at Jarrow; _mut._ in parts; text
allied to the Cod. Amiatinus. Cited by Bentley as K, by Wordsworth
(who makes use of it only in St. John) as Δ.

83. Cathedral Library, A. ii. 17. St. John, St. Mark, and St. Luke
[prob. viii], with another fragment of St. Luke xxi. 33-xxiii. 34.
_See_ Westwood, A.-S. and Ir. MSS., p. 47; Bentley’s [xi], but to
be distinguished from his [xi] in Trin. Coll. Camb. B. 17. 5,
which is St. Chad’s book at Lichfield (_see_ no. 85).

_Lambeth._

84. Lambeth Palace Library. The Gospels of Macdurnan [x], 216
leaves, Irish writing and ornamentation; an inscription (fol. 3
_b_), in square Saxon capitals, states that it was written by a
scribe named Maeielbrith Mac-Durnain. _See_ Westwood, Pal. Sacra
Pict., pl. 13, 14, 15.

_Lichfield._

85. Chapter Library. Gospels [vii or viii], traditionally ascribed
to St. Chad, who was Bishop of Lichfield; formerly the MS. was at
Llandaff on the altar of St. Telian; 110 leaves, Irish,
half-uncial; the writing and ornamentation are very beautiful and
resemble the Books of Kells, Lindisfarne, &c.; the text belongs to
the Irish group of MSS. Contains Matt., Mark, and Luke i. 1-iii.
9. A careful collation, with full introduction, and three
facsimiles, was published by Dr. Scrivener (Cambridge, 1887);
_see_ also Palaeogr. Soc., i. pl. 20, 21, 35; Westwood, Anglo-Sax.
and Ir. MSS., pp. 56-58, pl. 23, and Pal. Sacra Pict., pl. 12.
Bentley’s [xi] in Trin. Coll. B. 17. 5; Wordsworth’s L.

_Oxford._

86. Bodl. 857, and Auct. D. 2. 14. Gospels [vii], formerly
belonging to St. Augustine’s Library at Canterbury, and generally
known as “St. Augustine’s Gospels;” British text. _See_ Westwood,
Palaeogr. Sacra Pict., pl. 11, no. 5. Casley’s ψ; Tischendorf’s
_bodl._; Wordsworth’s O, collated for him by F. Madan and Rev. G.
M. Youngman.

87. Bodl. Auct. D. 2. 19. Gospels [ix], commonly called the
“Rushworth Gospels” or “Gospels of Mac Regol,” written by an Irish
scribe, who died A.D. 820; has an interlinear Anglo-Saxon version;
the Latin text belongs to the Irish type. _Mut._ Luke iv. 29-viii.
38; x. 19-39; xv. 16-xvi. 26. Collation given in the edition of
the Surtees Soc., The Lindisfarne and Rushworth Gospels, by
Stevenson and Waring, 1854-65; and by W. W. Skeat, The Gospel of
St. Matthew; Anglo-Saxon and Northumbrian Versions, Cambridge,
1887. Casley’s χ; Wordsworth’s R.

88. Bodl. Laud. Lat. 102. Gospels [x], 210 leaves, fol., Saxon
minuscule; formerly at Würzburg, where it was bought at the
instance of Archbishop Laud. Mixed text, but with traces of Irish
influence. _See_ Berger, p. 54.

89. Corp. Christi Coll. 122. Gospels [prob. xi], an Irish MS.;
_mut._ John i. 1-33; vii. 33-xviii. 20. Bentley’s C in Trin. Coll.
Cam. B. 17. 5; collated for him by Casley; British type of text.

90. St. John’s Coll. 194. Gospels [xi], in very small hand:
collated by Casley and cited by Bentley as γ.

_Stonyhurst._

91. Stonyhurst, Jesuit College. The Gospel of St. John [vii];
originally the property, according to a legend which goes back to
the thirteenth century, of St. Cuthbert, in whose coffin it was
found; it was preserved in Durham Cathedral till the time of Henry
VIII. A minute but exquisitely written uncial MS., with a text
closely resembling A; facsimiles in Palaeogr. Soc., i. pl. 17;
Westwood, Palaeogr. Sacra Pict., pl. 11, no. 6. Wordsworth’s S.

c. _France: Angers._

92. Angers Public Library, no. 20. Gospels [ix-x], written in a
French hand, but showing signs of Irish influence both in its
ornamentation and text. _See_ Berger, p. 48.

_Autun._

93. Autun, Grand Séminaire, no. 3. Gospels [dated 755], written
for Vosavius by Gundohínus; uncial hand. Vulgate text but with a
good many variations. _See_ Berger, p. 90.

_Avignon._

94. Gospels in the monastery of St. Andrew near Avignon: extracts
in Martianay (Vulgata ant. Latina), 1695, and Calmet (Commentaire
litt., vii), 1726: cited by Tischendorf as _and_. The MS. has
disappeared. _See_ Berger, p. 80.

_Paris._

95. B. N. Lat. 256. Gospels [vii], in uncial hand; Vulgate text
but with a good many Old Latin readings. _See_ Berger, p. 91.

96. Lat. 262, formerly Reg. 3706, from Puy. Gospels [ix], with
prefatory matter, fol., 247 leaves, thick minuscule; _mut._ in
parts. Walker’s ο1.

97. Lat. 281 and 298. Gospels [viii], known as “Codex Bigotianus,”
in fine uncial hand, formerly at Fécamp; probably written in
France, but both the text and the calligraphy show traces of Irish
influence. It is _mut._ in parts; collated by Walker, who cites it
as π, and again by Wordsworth, who cites it as B. _See_ Delisle,
Cab. des MSS., atlas, pl. x. 1, 2; Berger, p. 50.

98. Lat. 9389. Gospels [viii?], 223 leaves, 4to, formerly
belonging to the Benedictine Abbey of St. Willibrord at
Echternach; written in an Irish hand, with the interesting
subscription on the last page, “Proemendaui ut potui secundum
codicem de bibliotheca eugipi praespiteri quem ferunt fuisse sci
hieronimi indictione vi p(ost) con(sulatum) bassilii ū c. anno
septimo deximo = A.D. 558.” This, however, must have been in the
exemplar from which it was copied, as the MS. itself is at least
two centuries later. It presents the Irish type of text, but has
been carefully corrected throughout, and the marginal readings
represent another type. _See_ Delisle, Cab. des MSS., pl. xix. 8;
Pal. universelle, pl. ccxxvi; Westwood, Anglo-Sax. and Ir. MSS.,
p. 58, pl. xxi; Berger, p. 52 f. Cited by Wordsworth as [Symbol:
EP ligature] collated by the Rev. H. J. White.

99. Lat. 10,439. St. John’s Gospel [viii], formerly belonging to
the Cathedral of Chartres, where it was found in the reliquary
containing the sacred vest. A small manuscript, in uncial writing;
mixed text, the earlier chapters Old Latin, the rest Vulgate.
_See_ Berger, p. 89.

100. Lat. 11,955, formerly St. Germain 777, then 663 or 664. 2.
St. Matt. and St. Mark [viii?], 54 leaves, 4to, golden uncials on
purple vellum; _mut._ Matt. i. 1-vi. 2; xxvi. 42-xxvii. 49; Mark
i. 1-ix. 47; xi. 13-xii. 23. Walker’s α; Tischendorf’s _reg._;
_see_ O. L. Bibl. Texts, i. p. 55; Delisle, Cab. des MSS., atlas,
pl. i. 2.

101. Lat. 11,959. Gospels [ix], from St. Maur des Fossés. Found by
Sabatier in the St. Germain Library and collated by him; cited by
Tischendorf as _foss_.

102. Lat. 13,171, formerly St. Germain numbered successively 18,
666, and 223. Gospels [ix], 4to, 223 leaves, small round
minuscule. Walker’s φ.

103. Lat. 17,226. Gospels [vii], in uncials. Vulgate text, but
with a certain number of old readings in it. _See_ Berger, p. 90.

104. Nouvelles acquisitions lat. 1587 (Libri 14). Gospels
[vii-ix], from St. Gatien’s, Tours, then in the Ashburnham
Library, now at Paris. Quoted by Calmet (Nouv. Dissertations, pp.
448-488), 1720, and by Bianchini, Ev. Quadr.; contains a number of
Old Latin readings, and on the whole rather resembles Br. Mus.
Egerton 609 (no. 67) in text. Usually cited as _gat. See_ Berger,
p. 46.

105. Nouv. acq. lat. 2196. Evangeliarium [xi], from Luxeuil,
written about 105 A.D. by Gerard, abbot of the Benedictine
monastery there: sold at Didot’s sale in 1879 to the National
Library at Paris; cited by Mabillon, Sabatier, and Tischendorf as
_lux. See_ Delisle, Mélanges de Paléographie, p. 154 (1880).

_Tours._

106. Public Library 22; formerly at Saint Martin. Gospels [viii or
ix], in gold letters, interesting text. Quoted by Sabatier in
Mark, Luke, and John. Walker’s ρ, Tischendorf’s mt., Wordsworth’s
[Symbol: MT ligature]; collated for his edition of the Vulgate by
the Rev. G. M. Youngman. _See_ also Berger, p. 47.

107. Public Libr. 23, formerly St. Martin 174. Gospels [ix], 192
leaves, minuscule. Collated by L. Chevalier, and cited by Walker
as σ. _See_ Dorange, Cat. des MSS. de Tours, 1875, p. 9.

108. Public Libr. 25, formerly Marmoutier 231 according to
Delisle. Gospels [xii], but mut. in many parts and wanting after
John vii. 5; Collated by Chevalier. Walker’s τ.

d. _Germany: Berlin._

109. Royal Library, MS. Theol. lat. 4to, no. 4. Gospels [ix or x],
with prefatory matter; 164 leaves, 25 x 20 cent., minuscule. This
MS. formerly belonged to the Augustinian College of Corsendonk
near Turnhout in Brabant, and is the “Corsendonkense Exemplar” of
Erasmus, used by him in his second edition, with notes in his own
hand. _See_ O. L. Bibl. Texts, i. p. 53.

_Erlangen._

110. Gospels at Erlangen, used by Sanftl, Dissertatio etc.,
Ratisbon, 1789, p. 76, and cited by Tischendorf as _erl_.

_Karlsruhe._

111. Grand Ducal Library, Cod. Augiensis 211. Gospels [ix],
formerly at Reichenau; text strongly marked by Irish readings.
_See_ Berger, p. 56.

_Mayhingen._

112. Library of Prince Œttingen-Wallerstein. Gospels [viii], from
the Abbey of St. Arnoul at Metz; has a note at the end “Laurentius
vivat senio”; the Laurentius referred to being probably the scribe
of the celebrated Echternach martyrology. _See_ Berger, p. 52.

_Munich._