Chapter C

Cambridge, University of, the friars at, 252, 405.
Campeggio, Cardinal, the divorce proceedings of Henry VIII. and, 294.
Capraria, Rutilius and Ambrose on island of, 126.
Capuchins, 246.
Carlyle, Thomas, on Mahomet, 33;
quotes Jocelin on Abbot Samson's election, 145;
on the twelfth century, 157;
on the monastic ideal, 174;
on Jesuitical obedience, 271;
views of, criticised, 278.
Carmelites, 246.
Carthusians, The, establishment of, 188;
famous monastery of, 189;
rules of, 189;
in England, 191, 334.
_See_ Charterhouse.
Cassiodorus, the literary labors of, 152.
Casuistry, of the Jesuits, 272; 429.
Catacombs, visited by Jerome, 87.
Catharine, of Aragon, Henry's divorce from, 293.
Catholic, Roman, _see_ Rome, Church of.
Celibacy, praised by Jerome and Augustine, 112;
views of Helvidius on, opposed by Jerome, 113;
the struggle to establish sacerdotal, 183;
Lingard on, 183;
Lea on, 184;
vow of, 380;
and Scripture teaching, 381;
early Fathers on, 381;
a modern ecclesiastic's reasons for, 381;
how vow of, came to be imposed, 382;
no special virtue in, 419.
Cellani, Peter, Dominic retires to house of, 238;
Celtic Church, _see_ Britain.
Cenobites, meaning of term, 425;
origin of, in the East, 57;
habits of early, 58;
aims of, 60.
Chalcis, desert of, 87.
Chaldea, asceticism in, 20.
Chalippe, Father Candide, on miracles of saints, 224.
Channey, Maurice, on fall of the Charterhouse, 302.
Channing, William E., on various manifestations of the ascetic
spirit, 385;
on exaggerations of monasticism, 415.
Chapter, The,
defined, 144;
of Mats, 228.
Chapuys, despatches of, to Charles V., 297.
Charity, of monks, 348, 410;
true and false, 348, 412;
Bernard, Jacob of Vitry and Lecky on abuses of, 411;
as a passport to Heaven, 411.
Charlemagne, 118.
Charles V., Emperor, Pole writes to, 296;
Chapuy's despatches to, 297.
Charterhouse, of London, 191;
execution of monks of, 301, 334;
and the progress of England, 343.
_See_ Carthusians.
Chartreuse, Grand, monastery, 189.
Chastity, vow of, in Pachomian rule, 61.
_See_ Celibacy.
China, asceticism in, 20.
Chinese monks, Father Bury on, 20.
Christ, _see_ Jesus Christ.
Christian clergy, character of, in the fourth century, 77.
Christian ideal, tending toward fanaticism, 129.
Christian discipleship, nature of true, 390.
Christianity, asceticism and apostolic, 27, 28, 31;
conquers Roman empire, 71, 76;
endangered by success, 77;
in Rome in the fourth century, 79;
Lord on same, 80;
is opposed to fanaticism, 94;
in ancient Britain, 123, 161, 162;
Clarke on, 171;
Mozoomdar on essential principle of, 359;
requires some sort of self-denial, 390, 418, 419;
monasticism and, compared, 420;
monasticism furnishes example of, 422.
_See_ Britain and Church.
Chrysostom, becomes an ascetic, 84;
brief account of life of, 116;
monastic cause furthered by, 117.
Church, Christian, the triumphant, compared with church in age of
persecution, 109;
ideal of, furthers monasticism, 129;
and the barbarians, 149;
of the thirteenth century, 206;
its life-ideal, 369;
its union with paganism, 370.
_See_ Anglo-Saxon Church, Britain, and England, Church of.
Cistercian Order, the monks and rule of, 192;
decline of, 193.
Citeaux, Monastery at, 192.
Civic duties and monasticism, 399.
_See_ Monasticism.
Clairvaux, Bernard of, _see_ Bernard;
Monastery of, 193.
Clara, St., Nuns of, founded, 228.
Clarke, William Newton, on Christianity of first and second
centuries, 171.
Clarke, James Freeman, on Brahmin ascetics, 20.
Classics, Jerome's fondness for the, 95;
the monks and the, 405.
Clement XIV., Pope, dissolves the Society of Jesus, 279.
Clergy of the Christian Church, 77.
Clinton, Lord, on the work of suppression, 311.
Cloister, 426.
_See_ Monastery.
Cluny, Monastery at, 177;
the congregation of, 178.
Coke, Sir Edward, quoted, 329.
Columba, St., his church relations, 162.
Commissioners, The Royal, appointed to visit monasteries of England,
their methods, 308, 333;
character of, 311;
begin their work, 313;
their report, 316;
Parliament acts on same, 319.
Confession, among the Jesuits, 269.
Conscience, liberty of, renounced by monks, 394.
Constantine the Great, 71.
Contemplation, John Tauler on, 395;
Bruno on, 396.
Convents. _See_ Monasteries.
Copyright, first instance of quarrel for, 170.
Council, of Saragossa, 122;
of Trent, 382;
Lateran, 242.
Court of Augmentation, 319.
Crocella, Santa, chapel of, 131;
Romanus the monk, 131.
Cromwell, Richard, on Sir John Russell, 326.
Cromwell, Thomas, his life and aims, 308;
Green and Froude on, 309;
his religious views, 309;
Foxe and Gasquet on character of, 310;
becomes Vicegerent, 310;
inspires terror and hatred, 324;
his removal demanded, 326;
overcomes the Pilgrims of Grace, 326;
bribed for estates, 329.
Cross, loyalty to the, fostered by monks, 414;
power of the doctrine of, 418.
Crusades, effect of, on monastic types, 373.
_See_ Military Orders and Bernard.
Cyril, Bishop of Alexandria, 61;
and murder of Hypatia, 68.