Chapter M: F. Ham and J. H. Holmes are the latest notable figures in this era of (2)

707 Gently, Lord, O gently lead us,
868 God of the mountain, God of the storm,
437 God of the rolling year! to Thee
765 Go to thy rest, fair child!
305 Head of the church triumphant,
860 Hear, Father, hear our prayer
691 He sendeth sun, he sendeth shower
686 I cannot always trace the way
763 In the broad fields of heaven,
37 “Let there be light!” When born on high
255 Lord, in thy garden agony,
409 Lord, may the spirit of this feast,
861 Meek and lowly, pure and holy,
573 Meek hearts are by sweet manna fed,
798 Mortal, the angels say,
856 My feet are worn and weary with the march,
481 O’er mountaintops, the mount of God,
294 On earth was darkness spread,
742 O speed thee, Christian, on thy way,
506 O Thou, who hearest prayer,
803 O why should friendship grieve for them
56 O wondrous depth of grace divine,

307 Saviour and dearest friend,
312 Saviour, source of every blessing,
539 Sovereign of worlds! display thy power,
757 Swift years, but teach me how to bear,
611 Take my heart, O Father, take it,
75 There is a world, and O how blest,
276 Thou art the Way, and he who sighs,
768 Thou must go forth alone, my soul!
155 ’Tis not Thy chastening hand I fear,
247 Wake the song of jubilee.
528 When shall the voice of singing,
846 Why come not spirits from the realms of glory?
448 Why slumbereth, Lord, each promised sign?

Anonymous Hymns

_Come, Holy Spirit, hush my heart_,

C.M. 3 stas. 3 _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908.

_Come thou Almighty King!_

The widely used hymn to the Trinity which begins with this line
was written about 1757 in England. It has often been mistakenly
attributed to Charles Wesley, and research has failed to discover
who its author was. Perhaps he thought it prudent not to disclose
his name because both his words and the tune by Felice di Giardini
to which it was set in 1769 offered so marked a contrast to the
British national anthem, in the same unusual metre, which had come
into popular use about 1745 with the words _God save our lord the
King_. American Unitarians in the 19^th century could sing the
first stanza of the hymn, addressed to the “Father all glorious,”
but not the trinitarian stanzas which followed. An unknown writer
produced two additional stanzas in a carefully revised version
which was included in Lunt’s _Christian Psalter_, 1841; in the
1851 _Supplement_ to Longfellow and Johnson’s _Book of Hymns_,
1846; and in their _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. This version,
however, was not satisfactory to later Unitarians and was again
largely rewritten in the form in which it has been included in
most of the Unitarian hymn books of more recent date. This version
will be found in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns
of the Spirit_, 1937.

H.W.F.

_For mercies past we praise thee, Lord_,

Given as Anonymous in Longfellow and Johnson’s _Book of Hymns_,
1846, in 4 stas. of 4 l. It was repeated in their _Hymns of the
Spirit_, 1864, and in the (Unitarian) _Hymn and Tune Book_, 1868.

J. 1564

_My life flows on in endless song_,

8.7.8.7.D. 3 stas. _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908.

_Now, when the dusky shades of night retreating_,

This is a free translation in five stanzas of the Latin hymn,
_Ecce jam noctis tenuatar umbra_ by Gregory the Great, c. 600,
included in Hedge and Huntington’s _Hymns for the Church of
Christ_, 1853, as anonymous. It passed into Beecher’s _Plymouth
Collection_, 1855, and into many other hymn books, British and
American, often with the 3^d and 4^th stanzas omitted. There is no
clue as to its author though Julian (p. 320) points out that the
first stanza appears to be an altered form of W. J. Copeland’s
translation from the Latin, published in 1848. The three stanza
form of the hymn is included in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_,
1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

J. 819
H.W.F.

_We follow, Lord, where thou dost lead_,

L.M. 5 stas. Attributed to “Book of Hymns,” in _Isles of
Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908.

Appleton, Rev. Francis Parker, Boston, Massachusetts, August 9, 1822—June 14, 1903, Cohasset, Massachusetts. He graduated from the Harvard Divinity School in 1845, and was minister to the Unitarian church, in South Danvers, (now Peabody) Massachusetts from 1846 to 1853. He then left the ministry for secular occupations. His hymn,

_Thirsting for a living spring_,

was included, anonymously, in Longfellow and Johnson’s _Book of Hymns_, 1846, and, attributed to him, in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. It is included in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908; in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. His hymn,

_The past yet lives in all its truth, O God_,

was also included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, and in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, but has now dropped out of use.

J. 1551, 1606
H.W.F.

Badger, Rev. George Henry, Charlestown, Massachusetts, March 27, 1859—May 11, 1953, Orlando, Florida. He was educated at Williams College, A.B. 1883, at Andover Theological Seminary and the Harvard Divinity School, receiving the degree of S.T.B. from the latter institution in 1886. He served several Unitarian churches in New England. From 1912-1918 he was a minister in San Antonio, Texas; from 1919-1936 in Orlando, Florida. The preface to _The Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908, is signed with his initials as editor. That book contains three hymns of which he was author:—

1. _God of the vastness of the far-spread sea_,

2. _Lord, I believe, and in my faith_,

3. _Thy way, O Lord, is in the sea_,

In 1910 he wrote a hymn beginning,

4. _O Thou who art my King_,

which was included in The _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. None of these hymns have passed into later collections.

H.W.F.

Ballou, Rev. Adin, 1803-1890. Without much formal education, but gifted in mind and spirit, he was ordained in 1827 as a Universalist minister, but in 1831 joined the Unitarian denomination in which he served a number of New England parishes. He wrote a hymn beginning,

_Years are coming—speed them onward!_
_When the sword shall gather rust_

which was included in Universalist hymnbooks and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

H.W.F.

Barber, Rev. Henry Hervey, Warwick, Massachusetts, December 30, 1835—January 18, 1923, Jacksonville, Florida. He was educated at Deerfield (Massachusetts) Academy, and at Meadville Theological School from which he graduated in 1861. After pastorates in two New England churches he became in 1881 a professor in Meadville Theological School, a position from which he retired in 1904. His hymn beginning,

_Far off, O God, and yet most near,_

dated 1891, had considerable use and was included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914.

H.W.F.

Barnard, Rev. John, Boston, Massachusetts, November 6, 1681—January 24, 1770, Marblehead, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard in 1700, and was installed as minister of the Congregational Church in Marblehead in 1716, which he served with distinction through the rest of his life. A number of his sermons were printed, and in 1752 he published _A New Version of the Psalms of David_, 278 pp., printed in Boston, the result of his own endeavor to produce a fresh metrical translation. It is listed in Julian’s _Dictionary_, p. 929, under _Psalters, English_. His book was used in his own church, but not elsewhere, and is now very rare. His own annotated copy is in the Harvard College Library and the original ms. is in the Massachusetts Historical Society.

H.W.F.

Barrows, Rev. Samuel June, New York, New York, May 26, 1845—April 21, 1909, New York. He graduated from the Harvard Divinity School in 1875 and in 1876 was ordained minister of Mount Pleasant Church, Dorchester, Massachusetts, where he served until 1881. He was editor of the _Christian Register_ from 1881 to 1897, and was a member of Congress, 1897-1899.

A hymn beginning

_Enkindling Love, eternal Flame_

is attributed to him in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908.

H.W.F.

Bartol, Rev. Cyrus Augustus, D.D., Freeport, Maine, August 30, 1813—December 16, 1890, Boston. He graduated from Bowdoin College in 1832 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1835. After lay preaching for a year in Cincinnati he was ordained in 1837 as successor to Rev. Charles Lowell (father of James Russell Lowell) in the West Church (Unitarian) in Boston. He retired in 1889. He was author of several books and of a large number of printed sermons and addresses. He, with others, edited _Hymns for the Sanctuary_, Boston, 1849, commonly called “Bartol’s Collection”, in which was included an anonymous hymn beginning

_Be thou ready, fellow-mortal_ (Readiness for Duty)

This hymn passed into the _Supplement_ to Hedge and Huntington’s _Hymns of the Church of Christ_, Boston, 1853, and into other collections. Its authorship has never been disclosed, but its theme and mode of expression suggest that it may have been written by Bartol.

J. 120
H.W.F.

Bartrum, Joseph P., a Unitarian layman living in the 19^th century, who published _The Psalms newly Paraphrased for the Service of the Sanctuary_, Boston, 1833, from which his version of Psalm CVI,

_O from these visions, dark and drear_,

was taken for inclusion in several Unitarian collections in Great Britain and America and in the Universalist _Church Harmonies, New and Old_, 1895. His version of Psalm LXXXVII,

_Amid the heaven of heavens_,

is included in Holland’s _Psalmists of Britain_, 1843, vol. II, p. 339, with a critical note.

Neither hymn is found in use today.

J. 116
H.W.F.

Beach, Rev. Seth Curtis, D.D., near Marion, Wayne County, New York, August 3, 1837—January 30, 1932, Watertown, Massachusetts. He graduated from Union College, Schenectady, New York in 1863, and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1866. From 1867 to 1869 he served the Unitarian Church in Augusta, Maine. Ill health then led him to take up a farm in Minnesota for four years. In 1873 he returned to New England, where his longest pastorates were at Bangor, Maine, 1891-1901, and at Wayland, Massachusetts, 1901-1911, when he retired to Watertown. His hymn,

1. _Mysterious Presence! Source of all_,

was first printed in the “Order of Exercises at the Fiftieth Annual Visitation of the Divinity School, July 17, 1866,” having been written for that occasion.

In 1884 he wrote

2. _Thou One in all, thou All in one_ (God in Nature)

These two hymns were included in the Unitarian _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. His third hymn

3. _Kingdom of God! The day how blest_,

is included in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908.

J. 1581
H.W.F.

Belknap, Rev. Jeremy, D.D., Boston, Massachusetts, June 4, 1744—June 20, 1798, Boston. He graduated from Harvard College in 1762; taught school for four years; in 1766 accepted a position as assistant to Rev. Jonathan Cushing of Dover, New Hampshire, and in 1767 was ordained, serving that parish until 1786. In 1787 he became minister of the Federal Street Church, (now the Arlington Street Church) Boston, which he served until his death. Harvard gave him the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity in 1792. He was the author of a three volume _History of New Hampshire_; of a petition (1788) for the abolition of the slave trade; and of other books and essays; and formed the plan for the Massachusetts Historical Society, organized in 1791. He wrote no hymns but made an important contribution to American hymnody in his collection _Sacred Poetry: consisting of Psalms and Hymns adapted to Christian devotion in public and private. Selected from the best authors, with variations and additions_, by Jeremy Belknap, D.D., Boston, 1795, which ran to many editions. His intention was to provide a book acceptable to both the conservative and the liberal wings of Congregationalism, to bridge the widening gap which resulted in the formation of the Unitarian denomination a generation later. In this he failed, for only the liberal churches accepted it, though it was widely used by them for 40 years, being much the best of the period. It includes 300 hymns from the best English sources, and was the first to introduce to Americans the hymns by Anne Steele. The only American hymns in the collection are Jacob Kimball’s metrical version of Psalm 65 and Mather Byles’ _When wild confusion rends the air_.

H.W.F.

Blake, Rev. James Vila, Brooklyn, New York, January 21, 1842—April 28, 1925, Chicago, Illinois. He graduated from Harvard College in 1862 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1866, and served Unitarian churches in Massachusetts and Illinois, his last and longest pastorate being at Evanston, Ill., 1892-1916. Author of a number of books. He shared with W. C. Gannett, _q.v._ and F. L. Hosmer, _q.v._ in the compilation of the first edition of _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, 1880, which included his hymn,

_Father, Thou art calling, calling to us plainly_,

included also in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937. The latter book also includes his hymn of the church universal,

_O sing with loud and joyful song_.

H.W.F.

Briggs, C. A.

A hymn beginning,

_God’s law demands one living faith_ (Law of God)

is attributed to a person with this name in Hedge and Huntington’s _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. It is probable, but not certain, that the author was Rev. Charles Briggs, Halifax, Massachusetts, January 17, 1791—December 1, 1873, Roxbury, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1815 and from the Divinity School in 1818, was minister of the First Church in Lexington, Massachusetts, 1818-1834, and secretary of the American Unitarian Association, 1835-1848.

H.W.F.

Briggs, LeBaron Russell, LL.D., Salem, Massachusetts, December 11, 1855—April 24, 1934, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He graduated from Harvard College in 1875, A.M., 1882; served as tutor, then as professor of English, and as dean from 1891-1925. Harvard gave him the degree of LL.D. in 1900, as did Yale in 1917, and Lafayette University gave him the degree of Litt.D. For the celebration of the 300^th anniversary of the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, December 21, 1920, he wrote a poem which is introduced by a prayer in three stanzas, 11.10.11.10, offered by “The Pilgrim”, beginning,

_God of our fathers, who hast safely brought us_,

It is a fine hymn of thanksgiving for religious freedom and it was included in the program celebrating the 300^th anniversary of the “Cambridge Platform” in October 27, 1948. It deserves wide use.

H.W.F.

Brooks, Rev. Charles Timothy, Salem, Massachusetts, June 20, 1813—June 14, 1883, Newport, Rhode Island. He graduated from Harvard College in 1832 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1835. He was ordained as the first minister of the Unitarian Church in Newport, Rhode Island, on January 1, 1837, and served there until 1873. He was author of a number of books, most of them translations from German poets and novelists. After his death a volume entitled _Poems, Original and Translated_, was published. The only hymn with which his name is associated was in two stanzas beginning,

_God bless our native land!_

said to have been written while he was a student in the Divinity School. Part of the first and almost the whole of the second stanza were rewritten by J. S. Dwight, _q.v._, and Putnam, in _Songs of the Liberal Faith_, states that it was first published in this form in one of Lowell Mason’s song books in 1844. It was included, with further alterations, in Hedge and Huntington’s_ Hymns of the Church of Christ_, 1853, and with yet other changes in Longfellow and Johnson’s _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864. In the 20^th century collection also entitled _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, the hymn appears in 3 stas. of which the first is by Brooks, the second by Dwight, and a third, of which the first 3 lines are those introduced by Longfellow and Johnson, the remaining four lines from a later unknown source, and its authorship is attributed to “Composite: based on Charles Timothy Brooks and John Sullivan Dwight.” The complicated history of this hymn is traced in Julian, 184, 1566, 1685.

H.W.F.

Bryant, William Cullen, Cummington, Massachusetts, November 3, 1794—June 12, 1878, New York, New York. He was a student at Williams College for two years, then studied law, and was admitted to the bar at Great Barrington, Massachusetts in 1815, where he practised until 1825 when he removed to New York. There he devoted himself to journalism as editor of _The New York Review_ and of the _New York Evening Post_, reserving part of his time, especially in later years, to literary pursuits at his retreat at Roslyn, Long Island, where he wrote addresses, essays and reviews as well as poems. In point of time he was the first of the famous group of New England poets of the nineteenth century. He began writing verses when a child and composed his noblest poem, _Thanatopsis_, when only eighteen years of age. His first volume of poems, containing one entitled _The Ages_ delivered before the Phi Beta Kappa Society at Harvard, and some others, was published in 1821. In 1832 a volume entitled _Poems_, complete to that date, was published, for which Washington Irving secured republication in England, where it brought him wide recognition. Many successive editions of Poems, each with some additional items, were published in later years, and after his death a complete edition of the _Poetical Works of William Cullen Bryant_ appeared in 1879. He also had privately printed a little volume of his _Hymns_, 1869.

The following pieces by him have been included in various collections of hymns, some of them having considerable use in Great Britain as well as in this country.

1. _All praise to him of Nazareth_ (Communion)

Dated 1864. Included in Hatfield’s (British) _Church Hymn Book_,
1874, in 3 stanzas, and in _Songs of the Sanctuary_ and in
Putnam’s _Singers and Songs_, etc. in 5 stanzas.

2. _All that in this wide world we see_ (Omnipresence)

Dated 1836, but Beard, in his _Collection_, (British) 1837, gives
it as an original contribution, thus fixing the date of first
publication. Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, etc., notes that it was
“Written, probably, for some church in England,” information which
sounds like the aged poet’s vague recollection many years after he
had responded to Beard’s request. Included in Lunt’s _Christian
Psalter_, 1841.

3. _All things that are on earth_, (Love of God)

Included in Beard’s _Collection_, 1837.

4. _Almighty! hear thy children raise_, (Praise)

One of five hymns written by Bryant at the request of Miss
Sedgwick for inclusion (without the author’s name) in Sewall’s
_Collection_, 1820, compiled for use in the First Congregational
Society of New York (Unitarian), now All Souls Church. In Beard’s
_Collection_, 1837, the first line is altered to read

_Almighty, listen while we praise_,

and in the Unitarian _Hymn and Tune Book_, Boston, 1868, it is
altered to

_Almighty, hear us while we praise_,

5. _As shadows cast by cloud and sun_,

Written for the Semi-Centennial of the Church of the Messiah,
Boston, March 19, 1875. Included in the Methodist Episcopal
_Hymnal_, New York, 1878.

6. _Close softly, fondly, while ye weep_ (Death)

Included in H. W. Beecher’s _Plymouth Collection_, 1855.

7. _Dear ties of mutual succor bind_ (Charity)

Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, 1874, p. 130, says, “Mr. Bryant has
kindly sent us, as an additional contribution to this volume, the
following exquisite lines, which were written about forty years
since, for some charitable occasion, and which he lately found
among some old papers. They are not among his published poems.”
Included in the Methodist Episcopal _Hymnal_, 1878.

8. _Deem not that they are blest alone_ (Mourning)

Written for Sewall’s _Collection_, 1820, _vide supra._ Included in
Beard’s _Collection_, 1837, and, the first line altered to read,

_O deem not they are blest alone_,

in Martineau’s _Hymns of Prayer and Praise_, 1873, and in _Songs
for the Sanctuary_, New York, 1865-1872.

9. _Father, to thy kind love we owe_, (God’s Loving Kindness)

One of the five hymns, written by Bryant for inclusion in Sewall’s
_Collection_, New York, 1820. Included in the _Hymn and Tune
Book_, Boston, 1868, and in Martineau’s _Hymns_, 1873. In Putnam’s
_Singers and Songs_, etc. the first line reads,

_Our Father, to thy love we owe_.

10. _How shall I know thee in the sphere which keeps?_ (Future
life)

A memorial poem in 9 stanzas rather than a hymn, but included in
part in the supplement of devotional readings in Hedge and
Huntington’s _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853. Complete text
in Putnam’s _Singers and Songs_, etc., pp. 125-126.

11. _Look from Thy sphere of endless day_ (Home missions)

Dated 1840. Included in _Songs for the Sanctuary_, New York, 1865;
in Horder’s (British) _Congregational Hymns_, 1884, and in the
_Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935.

12. _Lord, who ordainest for mankind_ (Thanks for Mother Love)

Written at the request of Rev. Samuel Osgood of New York for
inclusion in his _Christian Worship_, 1862, and included in
Martineau’s _Hymns_, etc., 1873.

13. _Mighty One, before whose face_ (Ordination)

Dated c. 1820. It was included in Hedge and Huntington’s _Hymns_,
etc. 1853, H. W. Beecher’s _Plymouth Collection_, 1855, and
elsewhere.

14. _Not in the solitude_, (God in the city)

Dated 1836. Included in Martineau’s _Hymns_, 1873.

15. O God, whose dread and dazzling brow (God’s compassion)

Included in Hedge and Huntington’s _Hymns_, etc. 1853, and in the
_Hymn and Tune Book_, Boston, 1868.

16. _O North, with all thy vales of green!_ (Reign of Christ)

Included in the author’s privately printed _Hymns_, 1869, undated.
It passed into several British collections, e.g., the Scotch
_Church Hymnary_, 1898; _Worship Song_, 1905; _The English
Hymnal_, 1906; and is included in the American Episcopal _Hymnal_,
1940.

17. _O Thou, whose love can ne’er forget_ (Ordination)

One of Bryant’s early hymns, perhaps written for the ordination of
Rev. William Ware, December, 1821, as minister of the First
Congregational Society of New York, (now All Souls Church).
Included in Beard’s English _Collection_, 1837.

18. _O Thou Whose own vast temple stands_ (Opening of a house
of worship)

Written in 1835 for the dedication of a Chapel in Prince Street,
New York. The building was soon afterwards destroyed by fire. This
hymn is the most widely used of all those written by Bryant. It
was included in Beard’s English _Collection_ in 1837, and in
Martineau’s _Hymns_, 1873. In Putnam’s _Singers and Songs_, etc.,
the opening line reads,

_Thou, whose unmeasured temple stands_,

and in this form it was included in Lunt’s _Christian Psalter_,
1861, and in the American Presbyterian _Psalms and Hymns_,
Richmond, 1867; in Horder’s _Congregational Hymns_, London, 1884;
and elsewhere.

19. _Standing forth in life’s rough way_ (On behalf of
children)

Included in Dr. Allon’s (British) _Children’s Worship_, 1878; in
Horder’s _Congregational Hymns_, 1884; and elsewhere.

20. _Thou unrelenting past_ (The Past)

Dated 1836. A poem of 14 stanzas, a few of which were included in
Martineau’s _Hymns_, 1873.

21. _When doomed to death the Apostle lay_ (On behalf of
Drunkards)

Included in the Methodist Episcopal _Hymnal_, 1878.

22. _When he who from the scourge of wrong_ (Hope of
Resurrection)

Written for Sewall’s _Collection_, 1820. Included in _Lyra Sacra
Americana_, 1868.

23. _When this song of praise shall cease_ (Anticipation of
Death)

Written for a collection of hymns printed at the end of a _Sunday
School Liturgy_, prepared by James Lombard, of Utica, New York, in
1859. Included in Bryant’s privately printed _Hymns_, 1869, and in
Stevenson’s (British) _School Hymnal_, 1889.

24. _When the blind suppliant in the way_ (Opening the eyes of
the blind)

Dated 1874. Included in the Methodist Episcopal _Hymnal_, New
York, 1878.

25. _Whither, midst falling dew_, (Divine Guidance)

This is one of Bryant’s best known poems, entitled “To a
Waterfowl,” and dated 1836, and is in no sense a hymn, although
included in Martineau’s _Hymns_, 1873.

26. _Wild was the day, the wintry sea_, (The Pilgrim Fathers)

Included in Longfellow and Johnson’s _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864.

Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, etc., p. 123 reports a hymn beginning

_Ancient of Days! except Thou deign_,

“written for the dedication of Rev. R. C. Waterston’s church in Boston,” and another hymn beginning

_Lord, from whose glorious presence came_,

written “at the request of a friend, Mr. Hiram Barney, for the opening of an Orthodox Congregational Church,” but does not print the text of either, and neither appears to have been included in any Collection.

As indicated in the foregoing list, the text of several of Bryant’s hymns is found with the opening line altered from the original, either by the author himself, or, presumably, with his consent, so that it is impossible to say which is the correct or authorized form, and frequently no more than approximate date of composition can be given.

The early flowering of Bryant’s gifts as a poet, promoted by a fortunate combination of circumstances, quickly brought him widespread recognition in both Great Britain and America, which deepened into respect for his fine character as he advanced in age. The writings of no other American poet of his period were so eagerly searched by compilers of hymn books, who sometimes included verses which were meditative, poems rather than hymns, e.g., nos. 8, 10, 20 and 25 in the above list. Bryant’s mind was cool and meditative, and his hymns are correct and smoothly flowing, but seldom touched with lyric fire, and none of them quite reach the highest level. They express an attitude towards religion characteristic of the intellectual life of his time but now largely passed away. No. 16 is still included in several leading hymn collections of the 20^th century; nos. 11 and 18 are in the Unitarian _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914; and nos. 12 and 18 are in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

J. 189-190, 1682
H.W.F.

Bulfinch, Rev. Stephen Greenleaf, D.D., Boston, Massachusetts, June 18, 1809—October 12, 1870, Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was son of Charles Bulfinch, a leading architect, and received his early education in Washington, D.C., returning to Cambridge to enter the Harvard Divinity School, from which he graduated in 1830. He was ordained in January, 1831, as assistant to Rev. Samuel Gilman, _q.v._, of Charleston, South Carolina, and later served Unitarian churches in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Washington, D.C.; Nashua, New Hampshire; Dorchester, Massachusetts and East Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was a voluminous writer in both prose and verse. Most of his hymns first appeared in his books _Contemplations of the Saviour_, Boston, 1832; _Poems_, Charleston, 1834; and _Lays of the Gospel_, 1845. The first of these was reprinted in England, where 19 of his hymns were included in Beard’s _Collection_, 1837, and where they had widespread use.

His best known hymns are as follows:

1. _Benignant Saviour: ’twas not thine_, (Compassion of
Christ)

From his “Contemplations of the Saviour,” altered in Horder’s
_Congregational Hymns_, 1884, to read

_Most gracious Saviour: ’twas not thine_.

2. _Burden of shame and woe_, (The Crucifixion)
3. _Hail to the Sabbath day_, (Sunday)
4. _Hath not thy heart within thee burned_, (Evening)
5. _Holy Son of God most high_, (Christ)
6. _How glorious is the hour_, (The New Life)
7. _In the Saviour’s hour of death_, (Good Friday)
8. _It is finished! Glorious word_, (Good Friday)
9. _Lord, in this sacred hour_, (Worship)
10. _O suffering friend of all mankind_, (Passiontide)
11. _There is a strife we all must wage_, (Life’s Duty)
12. _Toiling through the livelong night_, (Miracle of
fishes)
13. _What power unseen by mortal eye_, (Miracle)

These hymns are well written contemplations of gospel episodes, as viewed by the conservative piety of the author’s period. Several were included in Longfellow and Johnson’s _Book of Hymns_, 1846-1848; nos. 6 and 10 are in Hedge and Huntington’s _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853; and most of them in one and another 19^th century collection. Only No. 4 has survived in present-day use, being found in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

J. 191, 1555 revised
H.W.F.

Burleigh, William Henry, Woodstock, Connecticut, February 12, 1812—March 18, 1871, Brooklyn, New York. He was an editor and publisher working successively in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1837-1843; in Hartford, Connecticut, 1843-1849; in Syracuse, New York, 1849-1854. From 1855-1870 he was Harbor Master of New York. He was a member of the Second Unitarian Church in Brooklyn and an ardent advocate of anti-slavery and temperance reforms. Early in life he began writing hymns and other poems which were printed in various periodicals, but for many of which the date and occasion are impossible to determine. They were collected for publication in a volume entitled _Poems_, Philadelphia, 1841, and this book, enlarged with his later poems, was republished in 1871 after his death, with a biographical notice by his wife. Some of the best were included in the British collection _Lyra Sacra Americana_, 1868, the editor of which, Dr. Cleveland, said, “Most of these beautiful hymns of Mr. Burleigh’s were given to me in ms. by the author.” From this publication they were taken for extensive use in British hymn books.

1. _Abide not in the realm of dreams_, (The Harvest Call)

Included in Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, etc., is a poem of 10
stanzas from which a cento consisting of the first two lines of
stanza 1 combined with the second two lines of stanza 2, followed
by stanzas 3, 6, 7 and 10 are taken to form a hymn in the _New
Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

2. _Fades from the west the farewell light_ (Night)

This poem, entitled “A Psalm of Night,” is given in his _Poems_,
New York, 1871. Although not in the first edition of _Poems_,
1841, stanzas selected from it came into use as early as 1844. The
original is in 5 stanzas of 8 lines. From it the following centos
have come into use.

(a) _Day unto day uttereth speech_,

This consists of stanzas III-V, and is given in the _Christian
Hymns_ of the Cheshire Pastoral Association, 1844, as an “Evening
Hymn.”

(b) _O Holy Father, mid the calm_

This cento consists of stanzas IV-V, and is given in Longfellow
and Johnson’s _Book of Hymns_, 1846, and in their _Hymns of the
Spirit_, 1864.

(c) _Not only doth the voiceful day_,

Composed of stanzas II-III, in Longfellow and Johnson’s _Hymns of
the Spirit_, 1864. Another arrangement beginning with the same
stanza is in _Lyra Sacra Americana_.

(d) _The brightening dawn and voiceful day_,

In the British _Hymnary_, London, 1872, an altered form of (c),
with the addition of a doxology.

In these various forms the use of this hymn was very extensive.

3. _Father, beneath thy sheltering wing_, (Trust and Peace)

Printed in Longfellow and Johnson’s _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864,
in 4 stanzas of 4 lines. Included in the British _Baptist Hymnal_,
1879; in Horder’s _Congregational Hymns_, 1884; and others; and in
many American collections.

4. _Father, thy servant waits to do thy will_ (Ordination)

“Written for the ordination of Mr. J. W. Chadwick, as pastor of
the Second Unitarian Church, in Brooklyn, New York, 1864.”
Included in Putnam, _Singers and Songs_, etc.

5. _For the dear love that kept us through the night_ (Morning)

Taken from the author’s _Poems_, 1871, for inclusion in Horder’s
_Congregational Hymns_, 1884.

6. _From the profoundest depths of tribulation_ (Lent)

A meditative poem rather than a hymn, included in the Supplement
to Hedge and Huntington’s _Hymns of the Church of Christ_, 1853.

7. _Lead us, O Father, in the paths of peace_ (Divine Guidance)

In _Lyra Sacra Americana_ headed “A Prayer for Guidance.” This is
one of the author’s best known and most widely used hymns.
Included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

8. Not in vain I poured my supplication (Lent)

A continuation of the same thought as no. 6, preceding, which it
follows in the Supplement to Hedge and Huntington’s _Hymns_, etc.

9. _O deem not that earth’s crowning bliss_, (Morning)

In his _Poems_, 1871; in _Lyra Sacra Americana_ from which it
passed into the British _Baptist Hymnal_, 1879, and Horder’s
_Congregational Hymns_, 1884, and others. In the Methodist
Episcopal _Hymnal_, New York, 1878, the hymn beginning

_From lips divine the healing balm_

is a cento from this poem.

10. _Still will we trust though earth seems dark and dreary_,
(Faith)

From _Lyra Sacra Americana_ this passed into many non-conformist
collections in Great Britain where it was the most widely used of
all of Burleigh’s hymns. It had a much more limited use in this
country. Included in Putnam’s _Singers & Songs_, etc.

11. _There is a beautiful land by the spoiler untrod_, (Heaven)

Dr. Cleveland, editor of _Lyra Sacra Americana_ says “This piece
was first published in the _Independent_, Jan. 18, 1866.”

12. _They who have kept their virgin whiteness_, (Purity)

In _Lyra Sacra Americana_.

13. _Thou who look’st with pitying eye_ (Lent)

In _Lyra Sacra Americana_.

14. _Through the changes of the day_ (Evening)

From his Poems, 1841. In _Lyra Sacra Americana_; in S.P.C.K.’s
_Psalms and Hymns_, 1852; in Thring’s _Collection_, and other
British books.

15. _We ask not that our path be always bright_, (Trust in God)

From _Lyra Sacra Americana_ this passed into Horder’s
_Congregational Hymns_, 1884.

16. _When gladness gilds our prosperous day_ (Good in all)

From _Lyra Sacra Americana_ this passed into Horder’s
_Congregational Hymns_, 1884.

The above hymns have had much less use in this country than in Great Britain. Nos. 7 and 10 are in the Universalist _Church Harmonies_, 1895; nos. 1 and 7 in _Hymns of the Spirit_. 1937, no. 7 in _The Hymnal_, 1940; and no. 3 in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_. The others, though very acceptable expressions of the religious thought and feeling in the era in which the author lived, have now dropped out of use.

J. 195-6
Revised H.W.F

Chadwick, Rev. John White, Marblehead, Massachusetts, October 19, 1840—December 11, 1904, Brooklyn, New York. After two years of study at the Bridgewater Normal School, and a shorter period at Phillips Exeter Academy, he entered the Harvard Divinity School, from which he graduated in 1864. He received the degree of A.M. 1888. In December, 1864, he was ordained minister of the Second Unitarian Church, Brooklyn, where he remained until his death. He was an influential preacher and a prolific author in both prose and verse, his principal publications being a _Book of Poems_, 1876, _Nazareth Town_, 1883 (poems), the two being later combined and republished in 1888 with the earlier title; _The Bible Today_, 1879: _Old and New Unitarian Belief_, 1894; and first-rate biographies of _Theodore Parker_, 1901, and _William Ellery Channing_, 1903. After his death a small volume was published entitled _Later Poems_, 1905, and his printed sermons have been collected in 14 volumes. As a young man he became a close friend of W. C. Gannett, _q.v._, and F. L. Hosmer, _q.v._, both of whom were also born in 1840, though not his classmates in the Divinity School, and his hymns are expressions of a theological outlook similar to theirs, notably in his endeavor to give a religious interpretation to the then disputed doctrine of evolution. Although several of his hymns are of exceptionally fine quality, he often wrote in haste, lacking the patience with which his two friends sought for the precise word to convey their meaning, but he often abbreviated or re-wrote his verses at the request of hymn-book editors, or willingly accepted their proposed alterations. The result is that some of his hymns now appear in forms which depart considerably from their original texts. His secular poems, mostly the utterances of a nature lover, are often the too hastily written verse of a minor poet.

His _Book of Poems_, 1888, and _Later Poems_, 1905, include all his hymns, three of which had little use, viz:

1. _A gentle tumult in the earth_, (Easter) 1876

2. _Everlasting Holy One_, (Invocation) 1875

3. _O God, we come not as of old_, (Worship) 1874

His best known hymn was written for the Visitation Day exercises at the Harvard Divinity School, 1864,

4. _Eternal Ruler of the ceaseless round_,

It has been widely used in Great Britain and in this country. Other hymns by him have had considerable use, as follows:

5. _Another year of setting suns_, (New Year’s) 1873

This was written in ten stanzas beginning

“That this shall be a better year,”

but in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, only stas. 5, 6, 7, and 10 are
given, beginning as above.

6. _It singeth low in every heart_, (Commemoration) 1876

Written for the 25^th anniversary of the dedication of his church
in Brooklyn, and widely used.

7. _Now sing we a song of the harvest_, (Thanksgiving Day) 1871

8. _O Love Divine, of all that is_, (A song of Trust) 1865

9. _O Thou, whose perfect goodness crowns_, (Anniversary Hymn)

Written in 1889 for the 25^th anniversary of his ordination.

10. _Thou glorious God, before whose face_, (Anniversary Hymn)

Undated.

11. _Thou whose spirit dwells in all_, (Easter)

Written in 1890.

12. _Thy seamless robe conceals Thee not_, (Jesus)

Written in 1876. Included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914,
but not in later publications.

13. _What has drawn us thus apart_, (Unity of Spirit)

Written in 1891.

Several of the above hymns, as printed in current hymn-books, consist of selected stanzas, or have been slightly altered from their original forms, in most cases by Gannett and Hosmer, for inclusion in their collection _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, 1880, 1911. Two others included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, were not written as hymns but have been quarried out of verses in _Later Poems_, by permission of the author’s widow, viz:

14. _Spirit of God, in thunder speak_, (Summons to Duty)

This arrangement combines stanzas 13 and 16 in the poem entitled
“A Missionary Chant”, used as the first two stanzas of the hymn,
with stanzas 8 and 9 of the poem to “William Cullen Bryant” as the
third and fourth stanzas of the hymn, both poems being found in
_Later Poems_, 1905.

15. _Thou mighty God, who didst of old_, (Communion of Saints)

This is arranged from the same sources. Stanzas 1 and 2 are the
first two stanzas in “William Cullen Bryant,” the last three
stanzas are stanzas 11, 7, and 8 in “A Missionary Chant,”
considerably altered. These arrangements were made by H. W. Foote,
with the coöperation of F. L. Hosmer and W. C. Gannett, for
inclusion in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914.

Of the hymns listed above _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937 includes Nos. 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, and 15.

J. 216, 1619
Revised by H.W.F.

Chapman, Mrs. (No information available).

An anti-slavery hymn beginning

_O God of freedom! Hear us pray_,

is attributed to “Mrs. Chapman” in Hedge and Huntington’s _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853.

H.W.F.

Cheney, Mrs. Ednah D. (Dow) Boston, Massachusetts, June 27, 1824—November 19, 1904, Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts. She married Seth Wells Cheney. She was the author of several books, including _The Life and Letters of Louisa May Alcott_. She wrote a hymn on “the larger prayer,” beginning

_At first I prayed for Light_,

in 4 stanzas of 10 lines each, printed in the _Riverside Record_ and reprinted in the _Boston Gazette_, February 4, 1882. Enough lines have been taken from this hymn to make a much shorter one in 5 stanzas of four lines each, C.M. for inclusion in Unitarian hymn-books. It has also been considerably rewritten, but since this revised form is not marked as “altered” it is probable that the changes were made by the author or at least with her permission. It is included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

H.W.F.

Church, Edward Alonzo, Boston, Massachusetts, —— 1844—January 29, 1929, Roxbury, Massachusetts. He was a business man who wrote in 1904, for the laying of the cornerstone of a new edifice for the Church of the Disciples (Unitarian), Boston, of which he was a member, a hymn beginning,

_Almighty Builder, bless, we pray,_
_The cornerstone that here we lay,_

The next year, for the final service in the old edifice which the congregation was leaving, he wrote one beginning,

_O Thou to whom in prayer and praise_
_We here have turned with constant heart._

Both hymns were included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and the first is also in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

H.W.F.

Clapp, Eliza Thayer, 1811-1888. She was a resident of Dorchester, Massachusetts. She was author of _Words in a Sunday School_, of _Studies in Religion_, New York, 1845, and of later essays on religion and of poems posthumously collected in a volume entitled _Essays, Letters and Poems_, privately printed in Boston, 1888. At the request of her friend R. W. Emerson she contributed three hymns and two poems to The _Dial_, 1841. From one of the hymns in 9 stanzas of 4 lines, published in The _Dial_, July, 1841, and entitled “The future is better than the past,” is taken the hymn beginning

_All before us is the way_, (Onward with confidence)

included in Hedge and Huntington’s _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, where it was erroneously attributed to Emerson, an error which was repeated in several other collections which included it.

J. 234
H.W.F.

Clarke, Rev. James Freeman, D.D., Hanover, New Hampshire, April 4, 1810—June 8, 1888, Boston, Massachusetts. He was named for his step-grandfather, Rev. James Freeman, _q.v._ He graduated from Harvard College in 1829 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1833. He served as minister of the Unitarian Church in Louisville, Kentucky, from 1833 to 1840. In 1841 he returned to Boston where he gathered a group of persons interested in the more radical social and religious reforms of the day into a church which he named the Church of the Disciples (Unitarian) of which he remained minister until his death. He became one of the most distinguished ministers of his period in Boston, greatly beloved and admired for his courage as well as his piety, his wisdom as well as his wit. He was the author of several books (and many short printed articles) the best known of which were his _Orthodoxy: its Truths and Errors_, and _Ten Great Religions_. The latter is an amplification of lectures on Comparative Religion which he gave at the Harvard Divinity School as early as 1854, and again for several years in the eighteen-seventies, the earliest course in this field of study to be given in any American theological school. In 1844 he published a _Service Book_ for use by his congregation, which included a small selection of hymns, among them Sarah Flower Adams’ _Nearer my, God, to Thee_, which had appeared in England only three years earlier and was now introduced for the first time to an American congregation, whence it quickly passed into numerous other collections. In 1852 a revised and enlarged edition of the _Service Book_ was published entitled the _Disciples Hymn Book_, which included five hymns by the compiler. A few of his poems are included in Putnam’s _Singers and Songs of the Liberal Faith_, and the following hymns by him have come into some use.

1. _Brother, hast thou wandered far?_ (The Prodigal)

First printed in the _Service Book_, 1844. It appeared in
abbreviated form as

_Hast thou wasted all the powers?_

(beginning with the second stanza) in _Hymns for the Church of
Christ_, 1853; in Beecher’s _Plymouth Collection_, 1855, and in
other American and British books.

2. _Dear Friend, whose presence in the house_, (Jesus at Cana)

Dated 1855. A tender poem rather than a hymn, included in the
British _Lyra Sacra Americana_.

3. _Father, to us Thy children humbly kneeling_ (Aspiration)

About 1833, after arrival in Louisville, Clarke wrote a poem
entitled “Hymn and Prayer” beginning _Infinite Spirit, who art
round us ever_, which was published in _The Dial_ for January,
1841. Five stanzas beginning

_Unseen, yet not unfelt!—if any thought_

were taken from this form of the poem for inclusion in Hedge and
Huntington’s _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, but already
Clarke had taken from his poem, and largely rewritten, three
stanzas to make the hymn beginning as above. In this later form it
was included in his _Service Book_, 1844, in Longfellow and
Johnson’s _Book of Hymns_, 1846, in the _Disciples Hymn Book_,
1852, and in many later collections down to the present day.

4. _For all thy gifts we bless Thee, Lord_

Written for a Unitarian Convention in New York City, held on
October 22, 1845, and included in _Hymns for the Church of
Christ_, 1853.

5. _Hast thou wasted all the powers_,

Included in _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853.

6. _To him who children blessed_ (Christening)

7. _To Thee, O God in heaven_ (Christening)

Both of these tender and beautiful hymns for a christening
appeared in the _Service Book_, 1844, and have passed into a good
many other collections, although hymns are now seldom sung at such
a service.

Of the above no. 3 was included in Longfellow and Johnson’s _Book of Hymns_, 1846, attributed to Clarke, and nos. 1, 5 and 6 were included as Anonymous. In their _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, these hymns were correctly attributed to Clarke. He was the author of a limited quantity of pleasing religious verse acceptable to his many friends rather than a hymn writer of distinction, his best ones being nos. 3, 5 and 6. _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, includes nos. 3 and 6; _The Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935, includes nos. 3 and 5; _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, has only no. 3.

J. 235, 1556
Re-written, H.W.F.

Collyer, Rev. Robert, D.D., Keighly, Yorkshire, England, December 8, 1823—November 30, 1912, New York, New York. His education in childhood was very limited, and in early manhood he became a blacksmith, which had been his father’s trade. He joined the Methodist Church in 1847 and three years later sailed for America, settling at Shoemakertown, Pennsylvania, where he was both a blacksmith and a preacher. Having become acquainted with Dr. W. H. Furness, _q.v._, of Philadelphia, he accepted Unitarian beliefs and left the Methodist Church. His great intellectual abilities and natural gifts as a preacher brought him an invitation in 1859 to go to Chicago to take charge of the newly organized Unity Church in that city, which he served until 1879, when he accepted a call to the Church of the Messiah (Unitarian), New York. He was a widely popular lecturer and author of many published sermons, other articles, and a few occasional verses. The church of which he was minister was destroyed by the great Chicago fire of 1870 but was soon rebuilt. For the dedication of the new building in December 3, 1873, he wrote his one fine hymn beginning,

_With thankful hearts, O God, we come_,

which altered to

_Unto thy temple, Lord, we come_,

has had wide use in Unitarian hymn books and is included in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

J. 1623
H.W.F.

Clute, Rev. Oscar, Bethlehem, New York, March 11, 1837—January 27, 1902, Sawtelle, California. He took the degree of M.S. at Michigan State College, and then studied at Meadville Theological School, 1867-1868. In the latter year he was ordained as minister of the Unitarian Church at Vineland, New Jersey, where he remained for five years. He served churches in Keokuk, Iowa, 1875-1878; Iowa City, 1878-1888; and Pomona, California, 1888-1889. From 1889 to 1893 he was president of Michigan State Agricultural College, and president of Florida Agricultural College from 1893 to 1897, when he moved to California.

He wrote a hymn beginning,

_O Love of God most full,_
_O Love of God most free,_

which is included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, and in _The Hymnal_ (Presbyterian), 1935, the Handbook to which describes it as “a rhapsody of gratitude for the love of God.”

J. 1682
H.W.F.

Dana, Charles Anderson, Hinsdale, New Hampshire, August 8, 1819—October 17, 1897, Glen Cove, Long Island, New York. He was one of the leaders in the Brook Farm Association, 1842; then became a journalist and man of letters; on the staff of the New York _Tribune_, 1847-1862; Assistant Secretary of War, 1863-1864; editor of the New York _Sun_, 1868.

The hymn beginning

_Work, and thou shalt bless the day_ (Joy in Labor)

which Hedge and Huntington included in their _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, and attributed to “C. A. Dana” was probably written while he was engaged in the Brook Farm experiment.

H.W.F.

Dwight, Rev. John Sullivan, Boston, Massachusetts, May 13, 1812—September 5, 1893. He graduated from Harvard College and from the Harvard Divinity School, and entered the Unitarian ministry, but after six years turned to literary pursuits, and was for nearly 50 years editor of the Journal of Music. A meditative poem by him in seven stanzas, entitled “True Rest,” beginning

_Sweet is the pleasure_,

is included in the Supplement in Hedge and Huntington’s _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, but it is not a hymn and his only connection with hymnody was his part in re-writing the hymn beginning

_God bless our native land!_

by his friend, C. T. Brooks, _q.v._ In most versions of this much altered hymn the second stanza is in the form given it by Dwight.

J. 1560, 1631
H.W.F.

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, LL.D., Boston, Massachusetts, May 25, 1803—April 27, 1882, Concord, Massachusetts. He was the son of Rev. William Emerson, _q.v._, minister of the First Church of Boston (Unitarian) who, though not himself a hymn writer, published in 1808 the excellent small collection entitled _A Collection of Psalms and Hymns_ (5).

R. W. Emerson graduated from Harvard College in 1821 and after further study in the Harvard Divinity School took his A.M. in 1827. He was ordained in 1829 as minister of the Second Church of Boston (Unitarian). He served the church for three years but resigned in 1832, feeling that his pastoral work was inadequate and that he was not in accord with his parishioners’ views about the Communion Service. A volume of his sermons, selected and edited by A. C. McGiffert, Jr., was published in 1938 under the title _The Young Emerson Speaks_. Although he preached occasionally for several years thereafter he never held another pastorate, but retired to Concord and devoted himself to lecturing and authorship. As an essayist and poet he rose to great and lasting distinction. He published _Orations, Lectures, and Addresses_, 1844; _Poems_, 1846; _Representative Men_, 1850; _English Traits_, 1856; and a succession of later volumes. His _Collected Works_ were published after his death, in 12 volumes. Perhaps his most famous essay was his epoch-making _Divinity School Address_, delivered in 1838. In 1833 he wrote his hymn

_We love the venerable house_ (The house of God)

for the ordination of his successor, Rev. Chandler Robbins, _q.v._, in the Second Church, though it is more a commemorative poem than an ordination hymn. It was included in Longfellow and Johnson’s _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864; in Martineau’s _Hymns of Praise and Prayer_, printed in England in 1873; and in later Unitarian and other hymn books down to the present day. Four stanzas selected from this poem, beginning with the second,

_Here holy thoughts a light have shed_,

were included in Hedge and Huntington’s _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, though without the author’s name, and the same collection erroneously attributed to Emerson a hymn beginning,

_All before us is the way_,

the author of which was Eliza T. Clapp, _q.v._, an error which was repeated in various other collections.

Part of Emerson’s poem entitled _The Problem_, beginning

_Out of the heart of nature rolled_ (The Everlasting Word)

originally printed in the _Dial_, July, 1840, and then in his _Poems_, 1846, was also included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, and in Martineau’s _Hymns_, but has since dropped out of use.

Another poem of two stanzas beginning

_Not gold, but only men can make_

was attributed to Emerson in the later book called _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, probably mistakenly. These verses are listed as Emerson’s in Granger’s _Index to Poetry and Recitations_, under _A Nation’s Strength_, and Granger states that they are to be found in a publication of The Penn Publishing Company of Philadelphia. They are not to be found, however, in the _Centenary Edition of Emerson’s Poems_ nor in Hubbell’s _Concordance to the poems of Emerson_ (N. Y., Wilson, 1932). It is therefore doubtful whether the attribution to Emerson is well-founded.

J. 329
Revised by H.W.F.

Everett, William, Watertown, Massachusetts, October 10, 1839—February 16, 1910, Quincy, Massachusetts. Son of Hon. Edward Everett. He graduated from Harvard College in 1859; took the B.A. degree at Cambridge University, England, in 1863; and the degrees of A.M. and LL. B. at Harvard in 1865. He received the honorary degree of Litt.D. from Williams College in 1889 and the degree of LL.D. from the same college in 1893 and from Dartmouth in 1901. After graduation from the Harvard Law School he did not enter the legal profession but served the College as tutor and then Assistant Professor of Latin for several years. In 1872 the Boston Association of Ministers licensed him as a lay preacher and thereafter he spoke frequently in Unitarian pulpits in New England, but he was never ordained as a settled minister. He served Adams Academy in Quincy, Massachusetts as headmaster from 1877 to 1907, with an interruption of two years when in 1893 he was elected a member of the House of Representatives in Washington. In 1866 _The Christian Register_ printed his hymn beginning

_Deal gently with us, Lord_,