Chapter M: F. Ham and J. H. Holmes are the latest notable figures in this era of (4)

17. _O God of field and city_,

7.6.7.6.7.6.7.6. 3 stas. Prompted, in 1917, by the darkly
unfolding experiences of World War I.

18. _O God of light and darkness_,

7.6.7.6.D. 3 stas. 8 l. Undated.

19. _O God, whose law from age to age_

8.6.8.6.D. 4 stas. 1910.

20. _O God, whose love is over all_,

8.6.8.6.D. 3 stas. 1909.

21. _O God, whose smile is in the sky_

8.6.8.6.D. 4 stas.

Written in 1907 for the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908, in 4
stas., C.M.D. Included in the _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, in 5
stas. of 4 l. with revisions approved by the author, and in _Hymns
of the Spirit_, 1937.

22. _Old Jubal twanged the bow-string_

7.6.7.6.D. 3 stas.

Written for the 25^th anniversary of Clifford Demarest as organist
of the Community Church, May 10, 1936, based on Genesis 4.21.
“Jubal,—father of all such as handle the harp and the pipe.” An
interesting _tour de force_ on the rise of music in praise of God.

23. _Onward still and upward_

6.5.6.5.D. 3 stas.

Written in 1950, and dedicated to the American Unitarian
Association in celebration of the 125^th anniversary (1825-1950)
of its founding.

24. _O Thou who in chaotic night_,

8.8.8.8.8.8. 4 stas.

Written in war time, 1918.

25. _O Thou, whose presence moved before_

C.M.D. 6 stas.

Written for use on the 10^th anniversary of his installation as
Minister of the Community Church, February 4, 1917.

26. _O’er continent and ocean_

7.6.8.6.D. 3 stas.

Written for a “Service of Commemoration of a Century of British
American Peace,” held in the Church of the Messiah, Montreal,
Canada, at a meeting of Unitarian General Conference on September
25, 1917. In _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

27. _Show us thy way, O God!_

6.6.8.6. 4 stas.

Printed in _The Christian Century_ in 1936, included in _Hymns of
the Spirit_, 1937, with a correction by the author.

28. _The Bethlehem stars are dim tonight_

8.6.8.6.D. 3 stas. Dated 1925

29. _The voice of God is calling_

7.6.7.6.D. 4 stas.

Written in September, 1913 for the Young People’s Religious Union
of Boston. In _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914. In _Hymns of the
Spirit_, 1937; widely used in the United States, England,
translated into German, Japanese and Spanish.

30. _Thou God of all, whose presence dwells_

8.8.8.8. 4 stas.

Written some time after World War I. Intended as a protest against
nationalistic theism which induced both belligerent nations to
claim a monopoly of God.

31. _Thou God of all, whose Spirit moves_

8.6.8.6.D 3 stas.

Printed in _The Christian Century_, May 29, 1940 and in _The
Christian Register_, August, 1940.

32. _Thy voice, O God, in every age_

8.6.8.6.D. 3 stas.

Written for the Installation of Rev. Donald Harrington at the
Community Church of New York on November 19, 1944.

33. _To earth’s remote horizons_

7.6.7.6.D. 4 stas.

Written in 1949 and first sung on November 27th of that year at a
special service in commemoration of the retirement of Mr. Holmes
from the active ministry.

34. _To Thee, O God, be homage_

7.6.7.6.D. 3 stas. 1945.

35. _When darkness, brooding o’er the deep_

8.6.8.6.D. 4 stas.

Written in 1925 on the occasion of the 100^th anniversary of the
founding of the Community Church of New York.

36. _Why trust we not our God?_

6.6.8.6. 5 stas.

Of the hymns listed above, Nos. 3, 6, 11, 18, 20, 23 and 29 have had the most widespread use.

H.W.F. in collaboration with J.H.H.

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, M.D., LL.D., Cambridge, Massachusetts, August 29, 1809—October 7, 1894, Boston, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in the famous Class of 1829, studied medicine and became a practitioner in Boston, and was appointed Professor of Anatomy in the Harvard Medical School in 1847. Although distinguished as a physician his fame is that of a man of letters gifted with a sense of humor which made him one of the wittiest men of his time. Besides important medical treatises he wrote essays, novels, biographical sketches, and poetry which brought him a great reputation in this country and in Great Britain. Much of his poetry is occasional verse, which he was often called upon to write, such as his “International Ode” to be sung to the tune “America” (“God Save the Queen”) on the occasion of the visit of the Prince of Wales in 1860. Oxford University gave him the honorary degree of D.C.L. in 1886. He was a member of Kings’ Chapel, (Unitarian) Boston, and two of his poems are about that church. He contributed The _Autocrat at the Breakfast Table_ to the opening issues of _The Atlantic Monthly_, 1857-58, published _The Professor at the Breakfast Table_ in 1859, _The Poet at the Breakfast Table_ in 1872. He wrote _Elsie Venner_, 1861, and two other novels. His poetry was published in _Songs in Many Keys_, 1861; _Humorous Poems_, 1865; _Before the Curfew_, 1888; and in his _Complete Poetical Works_, in 1895.

Although he made a greater contribution to American hymnody than did any other of the “New England poets” of his era, except Bryant and Whittier, his hymns were incidental literary by-products, for he was not primarily a hymn writer. They include:

1. _Angel of peace, thou hast tarried too long_

Written in 1869.

2. _Father of mercies, heavenly Friend_,

A prayer in time of war. Undated but between 1861 and 1865.

3. _Lead where the banners wave last to the sea_,

Written as an American national anthem. It appeared in his _Songs
in Many Keys_, 1861, entitled “Freedom, our Queen.”

4. _Lord of all being, throned afar_, (God’s Omnipotence)

Included in _The Autocrat at the Breakfast Table_, 1848, under the
title of “A Sun-day Hymn.” This is his finest hymn and has had
widespread use in many collections.

5. _O Lord of hosts, Almighty King_,

Entitled “Army Hymn,” and published in _The Soldier’s Companion_,
a hand-book of hymns and scripture readings issued in the fall of
1861, by the American Unitarian Association, for use by soldiers
in the Union Army. It is a fine hymn, but with several lines
directly referring to the immediate situation which make it
unsuitable for present use and which cannot be altered or dropped
without mutilating the hymn. In the same collection he wrote an
“Additional Verse” appended to “The Star-Spangled Banner,”
beginning

_When our land is illumined with Liberty’s smile_,

6. _O Love Divine, that stooped to share_,

Written in 1859, a hymn of trust in time of doubt and sorrow.

7. _Our Father, while our hearts unlearn,_
_The creeds that wrong thy name,_

Written for the 25^th Anniversary of the Boston Young Men’s
Christian Union, May 31, 1893.

8. _Thou gracious Power whose mercy lends_,

Written in 1869 for the 40^th anniversary meeting of the Harvard
Class of 1829. In the Methodist Hymn Book, 1904, altered to read

_Thou gracious God_, etc.

Of these hymns nos. 4 and 6 have had the most widespread use. Those two, and no. 1 are included in _The Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935, and nos. 4, 6, 7 and 8 are in the Unitarian _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and In _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

J. 530, 1649, 1713, rewritten by
H.W.F.

Horton, Rev. Edward Augustus, Springfield, Massachusetts, September 28, 1843—April 15, 1931, Toronto, Canada. He studied at the University of Chicago and at Meadville Theological School, from which he graduated in 1868. He served Unitarian churches in Leominster, Massachusetts, 1868-1875; Hingham, Massachusetts, 1877-1880; and the Second Church in Boston, 1880-1892. Thereafter he was active in the work of the Unitarian Sunday School Society. In 1912 he wrote an “Anniversary Hymn” beginning,

_We honor those whose work began_,

which was included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914.

H.W.F.

Hosmer, Rev. Frederick Lucian, D.D., Framingham, Massachusetts, October 16, 1840—June 7, 1929, Berkeley, California. He graduated from Harvard College in 1862, and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1869. In October of that year he was ordained minister of the First Congregational Church (Unitarian), Northborough, Massachusetts, where he served for 3 years. He served the Unitarian Church in Quincy, Illinois, 1872-1877; then spent sixteen months in Europe, returning late in 1878 to serve the First Unitarian Church of Cleveland, Ohio, 1878-1892; the Church of the Unity, St. Louis, Missouri, 1894-1899; and the First Unitarian Church, Berkeley, California, 1900-1915, where he remained as minister-emeritus until his death. In 1887 Buchtel College gave him the degree of Doctor of Divinity.

While in the Divinity School he formed a close life-long friendship with William C. Gannett, _q.v._ Neither wrote any hymns until early middle life, Dr. Gannett’s earliest having been written in 1873, Dr. Hosmer’s in 1875, but thereafter they worked together for nearly four decades to make a contribution to American hymnody comparable to that made by Samuel Longfellow, _q.v._, and Samuel Johnson, _q.v._, a generation earlier. Of the two men it has been well said that “Gannett was the better poet, Hosmer the better hymn writer,” and many more of his hymns than of those by Gannett have come into widespread use.

Working together they edited _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, published in 1880, a revised edition of which appeared in 1911. (J. V. Blake, _q.v._, was also an editor of the first, but not of the revised edition). In 1885 they published a small collection of their poems entitled _The Thought of God in Hymns and Poems_, followed by later collections with the same title, 2^nd Series 1894, 3^rd Series 1918. In 1908 Dr. Hosmer gave a series of lectures on hymnody at the Harvard Divinity School, repeated at the Pacific Unitarian School for the Ministry, in Berkeley, California, but these have not been published.

Julian’s _Dictionary_, pp. 1650-51, lists 27 hymns by Dr. Hosmer, with “annotations—from ms. notes supplied—by the author,” as follows:—

1. _Father, to Thee we look in all our sorrow_ (Trust in God)

Written in 1881 upon the death of a member of the author’s
congregation, and published in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series,
1885.

2. _From age to age how grandly rise_ (Unity)

Written for the annual festival of the Free Religious Association,
Boston, June 2, 1899, and first published in _Souvenir Festival
Hys._ 1899. Subsequently altered by the author to “From age to age
the prophet’s vision.”

3. _From age to age they gather, all the brave of heart and
strong_, (Victory of Truth)

Written in 1891 for the Dedication of Unity Church, Decorah, Iowa,
and published in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894.

4. _From many ways and wide apart_, (College or School Reunion)

Dated in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894, as having been
written in 1890.

5. _Go not, my soul, in search of Him_, (God within)

Written in 1879, printed in the Boston _Christian Register_, May
31, 1879, and included in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885,
with the title “The Indwelling God.”

6. _I cannot think of them as dead_ (Eternal Life)

Written in 1882 and first published in _The Thought of God_, 1^st
Series, 1885, and entitled “My Dead.” In the English collections
it is usually given as “We cannot think of them as dead.”

7. _I little see, I little know_, (Trust)

“A Psalm of Trust” written in 1883, first appeared in the Boston
_Christian Register_, and again in _The Thought of God_, 1^st
Series, 1885.

8. _Immortal, by their deed and word_ (The Spirit of Jesus)

Written in 1880, and first published in _Unity Hys. and Carols_,
Chicago, Illinois, 1880, and then in _The Thought of God_, 1^st
Series, 1885.

9. _Many things in life, there are_ (Mystery in All Things)

Written in 1885 and first published in _The Thought of God_, 1^st
Series, 1885, with the title “Passing Understanding”, and the
quotation “the Peace of God which passeth all understanding.”

10. _Not always on the Mount may we_ (On the Mount)

This lesson from the _Transfiguration_ was written in 1882, and
published in the _Chicago Unity_, April 1, 1884. After revision by
the author, it was included in the 1^st Series of _The Thought of
God_, 1885.

11. _Not when, with self dissatisfied_, (Lent)

Written in 1891, and given in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series,
1894, p. 33. It is in _The Public School Hymn Book_, 1903, and
others.

12. _O beautiful, my country_, (National Hymn)

As “Our Country,” written in 1884, and published in the _Chicago
Unity Festivals_, 1884, and again in _The Thought of God_, 1885.

13. _O Light, from age to age the same_, (Dedication
Anniversary)

Written in 1890 for the fiftieth anniversary of the Second
Congregational Church (Unitarian), Quincy, Illinois. Included in
_The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894, and entitled “From
Generation to Generation.”

14. _O Lord of Life, where’er they be_, (Life in God)

“Written in 1888 for Easter service in Author’s own church,” and
first published in the _Chicago Unity_, and again in _The Thought
of God_, 2^nd Series, 1894. The “Alleluia” refrain, which is added
in some collections to each verse, is appended, in the original,
to the last verse only.

15. _O Name, all other names above_, (Trust in God)

Under the title “Found. ‘They that know Thy name will put their
trust in Thee’,” this hymn, written in 1878, was given in _The
Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885.

16. _O Prophet souls of all the years_ (Unity)

“Written in 1893 for, and sung at, the Unitarian gathering in
connection with The World’s Parliament of Religions (World’s Fair)
Chicago, Sep. 1893,” and included in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd
Series, 1894, and entitled “One Law, One Life, One Love.”

17. _O Thou, in all Thy might so far_, (God All in All)

This hymn, given in _The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885, with
the title “The Mystery of God,” was written in 1876, and first
published in the _New York Inquirer_.

18. _O thou in lonely vigil led_,

This encouragement for lonely workers was written for the “Emerson
Commemoration, W.U.C. 1888,” and included in _The Thought of God_,
2^nd Series, 1894.

19. _O Thou, who art of all that is_, (Divine Guidance)

Under the title “Through unknown paths,” this hymn was included in
_The Thought of God_, 1^st Series, 1885; it was written in 1877.

20. _O Thou, whose Spirit witness bears_, (Dedication of a
Place of Worship)

Written for the Dedication of the First Unitarian Church, Omaha,
February 6, 1891, and published in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd
Series, 1894, with the title “The Inward Witness”, and the
subscription “For T.K. Omaha, 1891.”

21. _On eyes that watch through sorrow’s night_ (Easter)

A Carol for Easter Morn, written in 1890 for the author’s
congregation, and published in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd Series,
1894.

22. _One thought I have, my ample creed_, (The Thought of God)

This is the initial hymn to the collection _The Thought of God_,
1^st Series, 1885, and supplies the title to the work. It was
written in 1880, and first published in the _Chicago Unity Hymns
and Carols_, 1880, and then in _The Thought of God_, 1885.

23. _The rose is queen among the flowers_, (Flower services)

Written in 1875, first published in _The Sunnyside_, a songbook
for Sunday Schools, and again in _The Thought of God_, 1^st
Series, 1885, under the title “Flower Sunday.”

24. _Thy kingdom come—on bended knee_, (Missions)

“Written in 1891 for the Commencement of the Meadville Theological
School (Meadville, Pa.) June 12, 1891, and pub. in _The Thought of
God_, 2^nd Series, 1894.” under the title “The Day of God,” and
the subscription “M.T.S., June 12, 1891.”

25. _We pray no more, made lowly wise_
_For miracle and sign._ (Greater Faith Desired)

“Written in 1879, and first pub. in _The Christian Register_
(Boston) Mar. 22 of that year, under the title ‘The Larger
Faith.’” Included under the same title in _The Thought of God_,
1^st Series, 1885. Sometimes given as “Made lowly wise, we pray no
more.”

26. _When courage fails, and faith burns low_, (Victory of
Truth)

Under the title “Loyalty,” this hymn was given in _The Thought of
God_, 1^st Series, 1885. It was written in 1881.

27. _Where men on mounts of vision_,
_Have passed the veil within_. (Dedication of a Place of
Worship)

“Written in 1891 for the Dedication of First Unitarian Church,
Oakland, California.” Included in _The Thought of God_, 2^nd
Series, 1894, entitled “Holy Place”, and subscribed “For C.W.W.,
Oakland, Cal. 1891.”

This account of Hosmer’s hymns, copied verbatim from Julian’s _Dictionary_, may be accepted as authoritative as to the date and occasion for each hymn listed, but Canon Julian presumably added the descriptive notations in brackets, and fell into minor inaccuracies, as when he wrote _Unity Hymns and Carols_ for _Unity Hymns and Chorals_ (cf. nos. 3 and 22), and cited the periodical _Unity_, published in Chicago, as _Chicago Unity_. By way of further clarification it should be noted that the opening line of no. 12, _O beautiful my country_, was taken from J. R. Lowell’s great Commemoration Ode, and that Hosmer always wanted it printed ‘_O Beautiful my Country_’, in recognition of its source. No. 18 was written for the observance by the Western Unitarian Conference of the fiftieth anniversary of Emerson’s famous _Divinity School Address_. The person initialed as “T.K.” for whom no. 20 was written on February 6, 1891, probably was Thomas Kilpatrick, a layman who did much to make possible the erection of the church in Omaha, which was not dedicated until December 15 of that year. The person initialled “C.W.W.”, for whom no. 27 was written, was Rev. Charles W. Wendte, then minister of the First Unitarian Church in Oakland, California.

Julian’s account of Hosmer’s contribution to hymnody, though no doubt as satisfactory as could be expected at the time it was written, is incomplete in two respects. The latest hymn listed is dated 1899, yet at least three earlier hymns by Hosmer are unaccountably missing, (viz, nos. 32, 33, 41, noted below), presumably because he neglected to send Julian any information about them. More important than these are several later occasional hymns which he wrote in the last three decades of his life, too late for any inclusion in Julian’s _Dictionary_, and which form a notable addition to the earlier list. Some of them were included in the revised edition of _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, 1911, and all of them in _The Thought of God_, 3^rd. Series, 1918, as follows:

28. _Across a century’s border line_,

Written for the centennial commemoration of W. E. Channing’s
famous “Baltimore Sermon” at the General Unitarian Conference,
September 26, 1917.

29. _All hidden lie the future ways_,

Written as a hymn at the christening of children. Not dated.

30. _Forward through the ages, in unbroken line_,

A hymn of the church universal, written in 1908 for an
Installation Service, set to Sullivan’s tune St. Gertrude. In some
collections it has replaced Baring Gould’s _Onward, Christian
Soldiers_.

31. _Hear, hear, O ye nations, and hearing obey_, (Reign of
Peace)

Written in 1909 and included in _New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914,
and, with one word altered in the last stanza, in _Hymns of the
Spirit_, 1937.

32. _I came not hither of my will_, (Divine Providence)

Written in 1883.

33. _Lo, the day of days is here_, (Easter)

Written in 1890.

34. _Lo, the Easter-tide is here_, (Easter)

Written in 1914.

35. _Now while the day in trailing splendor_ (Evening)

Written in 1902, published in Louisa Loring’s _Hymns of the Ages_,
1904.

36._ O blest the souls that see and hear_,

Written for the National Conference of Unitarian Churches,
Chicago, September 27, 1909, in 5 stanzas, beginning “From many
ways and far apart.” In _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and
_Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, this first stanza has been dropped,
and the remaining four stanzas printed, beginning as above.

37. _O day of light and gladness_ (Easter)

Written in 1903, published in Louisa Loring’s _Hymns of the Ages_,
1904, and, slightly revised, in _Unity Hymns and Chorals_, 1911.

38. _The outward building stands complete_,

Written for the Dedication of Unity Church, St. Louis, Missouri,
October 7, 1917.

39. _Through willing heart and helping hand_,

Written in 1909 for the Dedication of the Parish House of the
First Unitarian Church, Berkeley, California.

40. _Thy kingdom come, O Lord._

Written in 1905.

41. _Today be joy in every heart_, (Christmas)

Written in 1877.

42. _Uplift the song of praise_,

The first two stanzas of this hymn were written in 1904 and were
included in Miss Louisa Loring’s _Hymns of the Ages_, published in
that year. At a later date Dr. Hosmer wrote two additional stanzas
and the hymn was thus printed in _The Thought of God_, 3^rd
Series, 1918. In _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of
the Spirit_, 1937, it is set to the tune Yigdal.

43. _When shadows gather on our way_,

Written in 1904 and published in Miss Louisa Loring’s _Hymns of
the Ages_, 1904.

44. _When the constant sun returning_,

Reginald Heber in 1827 wrote a single stanza hymn beginning, “God
that madest earth and heaven.” In 1912 Hosmer wrote for _The New
Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, a second stanza, the first line of
which is quoted above, to complete the thought. This composite two
stanza hymn has since been included in _The Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935,
and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

The period of Dr. Hosmer’s hymn writing covered more than 40 years (1875-1917) and during the latter half of that time he was widely recognized by hymn lovers as the most distinguished hymn writer of his time. Many of his hymns found their way into the collections of various denominations in both this country and Great Britain. Canon Dearmer included 8 in the British collection _Songs of Praise_, and in the accompanying handbook, _Songs of Praise Discussed_, calls the hymn _O Thou, in all thy might so far_, (no. 17) “this flawless poem, one of the completest expressions of religious faith,” and the hymn _Thy kingdom come, on bended knee_, (no. 24) “one of the noblest hymns in the language.”

All of Hosmer’s hymns in recent use will be found in both the Unitarian collections—_The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, except where initials indicate one or the other book, as follows:—Nos. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 (N.H.T.B.), 8, 10 (N.H.T.B.), 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 (H.S.), 29 (H.S.), 30, 31, 32, 34 (H.S,), 35, 36, 37, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43. Nos. 10, 17, 24, 30 and 40 are included in the Protestant Episcopal _Hymnal_, 1940.

J. 1650
H.W.F.

Howe, Mrs. Julia (Ward), New York, New York, May 27, 1819—October 17, 1910, Boston, Massachusetts. Married Samuel Gridley Howe on April 26, 1843. She was a woman with a distinguished personality and intellect; an Abolitionist and active in social reforms; author of several books in prose and verse. The latter include _Passion Flower_, 1854; _Words of the Hour_, 1856; _Later Lyrics_, 1866; and _From a Sunset Ridge_, 1896. She became famous as the author of the poem entitled “Battle Hymn of the Republic,” beginning,

_Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord_, which, in spite of its title, was written as a patriotic song and not as a hymn for use in public worship, but which has been included in many American hymn books. It was written on November 19, 1861, while she and her husband, accompanied by their pastor, Rev. James Freeman Clarke, _q.v._, minister of the (Unitarian) Church of the Disciples, Boston, were visiting Washington soon after the outbreak of the Civil War. She had seen the troops gathered there and had heard them, singing “John Brown’s body lies a-mouldering in the grave” to a popular tune called “Glory, Hallelujah” composed a few years earlier by William Steffe of Charleston, South Carolina, for Sunday School use. Dr. Clarke asked Mrs. Howe if she could not write more uplifting words for the tune and as she awoke early the next morning she found the verses forming in her mind as fast as she could write them down, so completely that later she re-wrote only a line or two in the last stanza and changed only four words in other stanzas. She sent the poem to _The Atlantic Monthly_, which paid her $4 and published it in its issue for February, 1862. It attracted little attention until it caught the eye of Chaplain C. C. McCabe (later a Methodist bishop) who had a fine singing voice and who taught it first to the 122d Ohio Volunteer Infantry regiment to which he was attached, then to other troops, and to prisoners in Libby Prison after he was made prisoner of war. Thereafter it quickly came into use throughout the North as an expression of the patriotic emotion of the period.

J. 1652
H.W.F.

Huntington, Rt. Rev. Frederic Dan, D.D., Hadley, Massachusetts, May 23, 1819—July 11, 1904, Hadley, Massachusetts. He graduated from Amherst College in 1839 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1842. He was minister of the South Congregational Church (Unitarian), Boston, 1842-1855, and from 1855 to 1859 he was Professor of Christian Morals and University Preacher at Harvard College. In 1859 he was ordained priest in the Protestant Episcopal Church and served as rector of Emmanuel Church in Boston from 1860 to 1869, when he was consecrated Bishop of Central New York. In 1853 he collaborated with Rev. Frederic Henry Hedge, _q.v._, in editing their Unitarian collection, _Hymns for the Church of Christ_, to which he contributed three hymns,

1. _O Love Divine, lay on me burdens if Thou wilt_
(Supplication)

2. _O Thou, in whose Eternal Name_ (Ordination)

3. _O Thou that once on Horeb stood_ (God in Nature)

The hymn beginning

_Father, whose heavenly kingdom lies_,

in Longfellow and Johnson’s _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, is a cento taken from no. 2. _Hymns for the Church of Christ_ also includes a good many anonymous hymns, some of which may be by him, though there is no proof that such is the case. Dr. Huntington also collaborated with Dr. Hedge in editing a collection of sacred poetry entitled _Elim: Hymns of Holy Refreshment_, Boston, 1865, which includes a funeral hymn beginning

_So heaven is gathering one by one_,

This hymn has been mistakenly attributed to Huntington, but is an altered form of a hymn by E. H. Bickersteth beginning

_Thus heaven is gathering one by one_.

Although Dr. Huntington is known to have written occasional verses in religious themes later in life for his own edification he is not credited with any published hymns after his resignation from his professorship at Harvard, and none of the three listed above are in present use.

J. 544, 1714
Revised by H.W.F.

Hurlburt, (Hurlbut, Hurlbert) William Henry. Charleston, South Carolina, July 3, 1827—September 4, 1895, Cadenabbia, Lake Como, Italy. (His family name is spelled Hurlburt in records at Charleston but at Harvard he was registered as Hurlbut, and in later years he changed the spelling to Hurlbert). He graduated from Harvard College in 1847 and from the Divinity School in 1849. He preached in Unitarian pulpits for a few months but was never ordained as a settled minister; then he studied in the Harvard Law School for a year; then turned to journalism in New York City. After 1883 he spent most of his time in Europe, his last few years in Italy. As a student at Harvard he was a contemporary of Samuel Longfellow and Samuel Johnson and contributed three hymns to their _Book of Hymns_, edition of 1848, which they also included in their _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, viz:

1. _My God, in life’s most doubtful hour_,

2. _We pray for truth and peace_,

3. _We will not weep, for God is standing by us_

In both books his surname is spelled Hurlbut.

J. 545
Revised by H.W.F.

Johnson, Rev. Samuel, Salem, Massachusetts, October 10, 1822—February 19, 1882, North Andover, Massachusetts. He graduated from Harvard College in 1842 and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1846. He served from 1853-1870 as minister of the Independent Church, Lynn, Massachusetts which he organized and which ceased to exist when he resigned. He refused to identify himself with any denomination, though in belief he was a Unitarian and in the public mind was associated with the churches which adhered to the liberal wing of the Congregational order. He was author of a book on _Oriental Religions_, one of the earliest American studies in the History of Religions. In 1846 he and his classmate in the Divinity School, Samuel Longfellow, _q.v._, while still students, prepared their _Book of Hymns_, because they and some of their friends thought the Unitarian hymn books then in use were too traditional. This book appeared in enlarged edition in 1848, and made a notable contribution to American hymnody in its freshness of outlook and its inclusion of hymns by hitherto unrecognized writers, notably John Greenleaf Whittier. Johnson contributed 7 hymns to the edition of 1846, viz:

1. _Father [Savior] in Thy mysterious presence kneeling_
(Worship)

2. _Go, preach the gospel in my name_ (Ordination)

3. _Lord, once our faith in man no fear could move_, (In Time
of War)

4. _Onward, Christians, though the region_ (Conflict)

Altered in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1864, to

_Onward, onward though the region_

5. _Thy servants’ sandals, Lord, are wet_ (Ordination)

In the edition of 1848 he included

6. _God of the earnest heart_, (Trust)

which he had “Written for the Graduating Exercises of the Class of 1846, in Cambridge Divinity School.” In 1864 he and Longfellow published their second and no less important collection, _Hymns of the Spirit_, (not to be confused with the book of the same title published in 1937 by the American Unitarian Association). To this volume he contributed 7 more hymns, viz:

7. _City of God, how broad, how far_, (The Church Universal)

8. _I bless Thee, Lord, for sorrows sent_ (Purification through
suffering)

This was “Written at the request of Dorothea L. Dix for a collection made by her for the use of an asylum.” (Miss Dix was engaged in a notable reform of institutions for the insane.)

9. _Life of Ages, richly poured_ (Inspiration)

10. _Strong-souled Reformer, whose far-seeing faith_ (Jesus)

11. _The Will Divine that woke a waiting time_ (St. Paul)

12. _Thou whose glad summer yields_, (Worship)

13. _To light that shines in stars and souls_, (Dedication of a
Place of Worship)

A number of these hymns have had widespread and long-continued use. Numbers 1, 4, 6, 7, and 9 are included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, and stand out as some of the finest examples of American hymnody in their lyrical quality and depth of religious feeling. A few of Johnson’s hymns have found acceptance also in England, the most notable example being No. 7, sung at the consecration of the new Anglican cathedral at Liverpool in 1924, an occasion which the words fitted to perfection. But, since even the existence of the obscure minister in Lynn, Massachusetts, was quite unknown to all but very few of those present, the Samuel Johnson to whom it was attributed was commonly supposed to be the famous 18^th century English lexicographer, and the hymn is mistakenly assigned to him in the latest edition of Bartlett’s _Familiar Quotations_! Following its use at Liverpool it was sung in Westminster Abbey at a service for the League of Nations in 1935; at the jubilee service for the 25^th anniversary of the coronation of George V; and was one of seven hymns included in the special service prepared by the Archbishops of Canterbury and York for use in parish churches throughout England at the time of the coronation of George VI. Probably no other hymn of American authorship is so widely known or used in British dominions.

J. 604-5, 1583, 1681, 1711
H.W.F.

Kimball, Jacob, Topsfield, Massachusetts, February 15, 1761—July 24, 1826, Topsfield. He graduated from Harvard in 1780, studied law, taught school, and tried to make a living at various other occupations, with small success except in the field of music where he was regarded as the outstanding singer, teacher, and composer of his period. He edited _Rural Harmony_, (Boston, 1793) which he followed with _Essex Harmony_, (1800) and _Essex Harmony_, Part II, (1802), which included the only tunes of his own composition which can now be identified as his, except those in the popular _Village Harmony_ (1795) the later editions of which, down to 1821, were probably edited by him. There is evidence that he also wrote poetry, including a number of hymns, some of them perhaps the anonymous ones, otherwise unknown, included in the above-mentioned song books. The one hymn which can be attributed to him with assurance is his excellent metrical version of Psalm 65 which Jeremy Belknap included in his _Sacred Psalmody_ (1795), entitled “A New Version” and beginning

_Thy praise, O God, in Zion waits._

The only other hymns by an American author in Belknap’s Collection is Mather Byles’

_When wild confusion wrecks the air_,

republished in 1760.

See _Jacob Kimball: A Pioneer American Musician_, Essex Institute
Historical Collections, XCII, no. 4.

H.W.F.

Larned, Augusta, Rutland, New York, April 16, 1835—1924. Author of six volumes of stories for children and of one on Greek mythology and another on Norse mythology. Contributor to various periodicals and for 20 years correspondent and editorial writer with _The Christian Register_, Boston. She published in 1895 a book of poems entitled _In the Woods and Fields_ from which was taken her hymn on peace of mind,

_In quiet hours the tranquil soul_,

for inclusion in the _Isles of Shoals Hymn-Book_, 1908; _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914 and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

H.W.F.

Lathrop, Rev. John Howland, D.D., Jackson, Michigan, June 6, 1880—still living. He graduated from Meadville Theological School in 1903, then entered Harvard where he took an A.B. in 1905. He also studied at the University of Chicago, and the University of Jena. He served as minister of the First Unitarian Church of Berkeley, California, 1905-1911, and the First Unitarian Congregational Church of Brooklyn, New York, 1911 to 1957, when he became pastor emeritus. In 1935 he wrote a hymn for Palm Sunday beginning,

_Hosanna in the highest! Our eager hearts acclaim_,

which was included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, set to St. Theodulph.

H.W.F.

Livermore, Rev. Abiel Abbot, D.D., Wilton, New Hampshire, October 26, 1811—November 28, 1892, Wilton, New Hampshire. He graduated from Harvard College in 1833, and from the Harvard Divinity School in 1836. He was ordained minister of the Unitarian Church at Keene, New Hampshire, in November, 1836, and remained there until 1850, when he accepted a call to Cincinnati, Ohio. After a period in New York he was elected president of the Meadville Theological School in 1862, and served in that capacity until 1890, when he retired to his ancestral home at Wilton. He received the degree of D.D. from Harvard in 1888. He was author of a number of books, and of several hymns, printed in Putnam’s _Singers and Songs_. He was the chief editor of the Cheshire Pastoral Association’s _Christian Hymns_, 1844, one of the finest and most widely circulated American Unitarian collections, to which he contributed his Communion hymn beginning,

_A holy air is breathing round_,

This hymn was included in Martineau’s _Hymns_, 1873, in most American Unitarian collections, and appears in slightly altered form in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

J. 680
H.W.F.

Livermore, Sarah White, Wilton, New Hampshire, July 20, 1789—July 3, 1874, Wilton. She was an aunt of A. A. Livermore, _q.v._, and was a school teacher for most of her life. She contributed two hymns to the _Cheshire Collection_, 1844, viz:

1. _Glory to God, and peace on earth_, (Christmas)

2. _Our pilgrim brethren, dwelling far_, (Mission)

These passed into a few other collections.

She wrote a number of others for various church occasions, but they have never been collected for publication.

J. 680
H.W.F.

Long, Hon. John Davis (1838-1915) was born in Buckfield, Maine, October 27, 1838, and died in Hingham, Massachusetts on August 28, 1915. Harvard, A.B. 1857, L.L.D. 1880. He was Governor of Massachusetts, 1880-1883, and Secretary of the Navy, 1897-1902. A member of the First Parish (Unitarian) in Hingham, he wrote one hymn beginning,

_The evening winds begin to blow_

which was included in _The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, but which has not passed into other books.

H.W.F.

Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, D.C.L., Portland, Maine, February 27, 1807—March 24, 1882, Cambridge, Massachusetts. He graduated from Bowdoin College in 1825. After four years of study in Europe he was appointed to the Chair of Modern Languages at Bowdoin, but removed to Harvard in 1835, upon his election as professor of Modern Languages and Belles-Lettres in the latter College. He retained that Professorship until 1854, when he retired to give himself time for authorship in prose and verse. He became one of the most widely read and beloved poets in the English-speaking world, and after his death a marble bust commemorating him was placed in Westminster Abbey. In the strict sense of the term he was not a hymn-writer, his brother, Samuel Longfellow, _q.v._, twelve years his junior, far surpassing him in this field, but hymn-book editors have culled selections from his poems which they could use, as follows:

1. _Ah, what a sound! The infinite fierce chorus_,

From his poem “The Arsenal at Springfield,” published in _The
Belfry of Bruges_, 1845. Four stanzas, beginning as above, are
included in _The Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935. In S. Longfellow’s and
Johnson’s _Book of Hymns_, 1848, the selected stanzas from this
poem begin

_Down the dark future through long generations_,

and the hymn appeared in this form in other collections.

2. _Alas, how poor and little worth_,

Tr. from the Spanish of Don Jorge Manrique, (d. 1479), in
Longfellow’s _Poetry of Spain_, 1833.

3. _All are architects of fate_,

The first three stanzas of Longfellow’s poem, “The Builders,”
written in 1846. Included in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937.

4. _All is of God; If he but wave his hand._

From the poem “The Two Angels,” in his _Birds of Passage_, 1858;
included in S. Longfellow’s and Johnson’s _Hymns of the Spirit_,
1864.

5. _Blind Bartimeus at the gate_,

From _Miscellaneous Poems_, 1841. Included in G. W. Conder’s 1874
_Appendix_ to the (British) _Leeds Hymn Book_.

6. _Christ to the young man said, “Yet one thing more.”_

Written in 1848 for the ordination of the poet’s younger brother,
Samuel Longfellow; published in the author’s _Seaside and
Fireside_, 1851, and in H. W. Beecher’s _Plymouth Collection_,
1855, altered to read,

_The Saviour said, “Yet one thing more”_

In spite of the occasion for which it was written it is not a hymn
but a hortatory poem of five stanzas in a most unusual 10.6.10.6
metre, for which it must have been difficult to find any singable
tune.

7. _I heard the bells on Christmas Day_

This carol was written in 1864, for the Sunday School of the
Unitarian Church of the Disciples, Boston, of which Rev. James
Freeman Clarke was minister. The entire poem, entitled “Christmas
Bells,” has seven stanzas, of which 1, 2, 6 and 7 are in _The New
Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, in _Hymns of the Spirit_, 1937, and in
_The Pilgrim Hymnal_, 1935. The omitted stanzas contain references
to the Civil War, in progress when the carol was written.

8. Into the silent land,

A translation from the German poem “Ins Stille Land! Wer Leitet
uns hinüber,” by J. G. Salis-Seewis, 1808. Published by Longfellow
in _Voices of the Night_, 1840. Included in Hedge and Huntington’s
_Hymns for the Church of Christ_, 1853, and other American
collections.

9. _Tell me not in mournful numbers_,

Published in _Voices of the Night_, 1839, as “A Psalm of Life;
What the heart of the Young Man said to the Psalmist.” Included in
several hymnals in Great Britain and America. In some collections
it begins with the second stanza

_Life is real! Life is earnest_

10. _There is no flock, however watched and tended_

A cento from the author’s _Seaside and Fireside_, 1849.

11. _We have not wings: we may not soar._

In 1850 the poet wrote “The Ladder of St. Augustine,” a poem in
twelve stanzas, based upon a quotation from Sermon III, De
Ascensione, by St. Augustine of Hippo, “De vitiis nostris scalam
nobis facimus, si vitia ipsa calcamus.” (We shall make a ladder
out of our vices, if we tread those vices under foot.) The three
stanzas of the hymn are, respectively, the seventh, tenth and
second stanzas of the poem.

H.W.F.

Longfellow, Rev. Samuel, Portland, Maine, June 18, 1819—October 3, 1892, Portland, was the youngest of the eight children of Stephen and Zilpah (Wadsworth) Longfellow. Stephen Longfellow had graduated from Harvard and had become one of the most prominent citizens of Portland. His son Samuel entered Harvard with the Class of 1839, just after his brother, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, more than twelve years his senior, had returned from Europe to begin his professorship at Harvard.

Samuel entered the Harvard Divinity School, from which he graduated in 1846, and served as minister of the Unitarian Church in Fall River, Massachusetts, 1848-51; the Second Unitarian Church, Brooklyn, New York, 1853-1860; and the Unitarian Church, Germantown, Pennsylvania, 1878-1883. In the intervals between these pastorates he did much occasional preaching, and, having independent means and no marital ties, made several prolonged visits to Europe. He had an attractive personality, was witty and highly intelligent, and was an acceptable though outspoken preacher, but he is now remembered for his contribution to American hymnody through the hymns which he wrote and the books which he edited. His accomplishment in this field was greater and more lasting than that of any other American in the middle period of the 19^th century. Its development can best be traced in the books which he published.

The first of these was _A Book of Hymns for Public and Private Devotions_, which he and his classmate in the Divinity School, Samuel Johnson, daringly compiled while still students in the School. A not improbable story of the origin of the book reports that their friend, Rev. Francis Parker Appleton, then a young minister at Peabody, Massachusetts, had complained to them about the antiquated hymn-book which he found in use in his church, to which they replied that they would prepare a book for him which would express the religious aspirations of the rising generation. The book appeared in 1846, before either of the young editors had been ordained, and was an immediate success. It was first used in the First Unitarian Church at Worcester, Massachusetts, where Longfellow’s classmate and lifelong friend, Edward Everett Hale, had just been ordained at a service for which Longfellow wrote the ordination hymn, and it was promptly adopted by Theodore Parker for his congregation in Music Hall. The book was re-published in somewhat revised and enlarged form in 1848, and ran to 12 editions. It marked a new epoch in American hymnody because it was the product of young and adventurous but well-trained minds seeking to give utterance to the emotions stirred by the intellectual and political ferment of the times, and because of the new sources to which they turned. They were the first to see and make use of the hymnic possibilities of the poems of John Greenleaf Whittier, and to include in an American hymn-book Newman’s “Lead, kindly Light,” which they had found printed in a newspaper without the author’s name, though they altered the first line to read “Send kindly Light,” and another line further down. From their book it passed into other collections, with variant readings.

In 1859 Longfellow published a little collection entitled _Vespers_, hymns for use at the vesper services which he had instituted in his church in Brooklyn. In 1860 he published _A Book of Hymns and Tunes for the Sunday School, the Congregation, and the Home_, and in 1864 he and Samuel Johnson brought out their second notable book, _Hymns of the Spirit_, (not to be confused with the hymn book with the same title published by the Beacon Press in 1937). This book contained most of the later hymns written by the two editors, and a good many new hymns by other authors who were glad to contribute them. Its literary level was higher than that of their first book, but it had less popular success, in part, perhaps, because they failed to set the words to tunes, which had become the common practice in the period since their earlier book appeared. In 1876 he brought out _A Book of Hymns & Tunes for the Congregation & the Home_, a revision of his earlier book with a similar title, in which several of his earlier hymns appear in revised form. In 1887 he printed privately _A Few Verses of Many Years_.

After his death a small volume entitled _Hymns and Verses by Samuel Longfellow_ was published in 1894 with a very brief introductory note by his niece, Miss Alice M. Longfellow. It included 41 hymns which she thought were his, followed by 30 short poems of no outstanding excellence. Some of the “hymns” included seem never to have come into use as such; some of her attributions were mistaken; she omitted some hymns which he wrote or adapted but cited in his books as “Anonymous” because based on the work of others; and she did not always print the best of extant variant readings. This book, therefore, must be used with caution in compiling the list of Longfellow’s hymns, whether original or adapted.

Before listing his hymns it should be noted that he wrote or edited several other literary works. In 1853 he and his classmate Thomas Wentworth Higginson published a beautiful collection of sea-poems entitled _Thalatta_. He wrote a memoir of his friend, Rev. Samuel Johnson, 1883; was the author of a _Life of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow_, 1886; and edited _Final Memorials of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow_ in 1887. A volume of his own _Essays and Sermons_, edited by Joseph May, was published in 1894.

_Alphabetical List of Hymns written or adapted by Samuel Longfellow_

_Abbreviations_:

Bk. Hys. = The Book of Hymns, 1846 or 1848.

H. and V. = Hymns & Verses by Samuel Longfellow, 1894.

Hys. Sp. = Hymns of the Spirit, 1864.

J. (followed by page number) = Julian’s Dictionary of Hymnology.

S. L. = Samuel Longfellow

1. _A voice by Jordan’s shore._ (Advent)

Printed in Hys. Sp. 1864, under title of “John and Jesus”; in H. &
V., no date.

2. _Again as evening’s shadow falls._ (Evening)

Published in _Vespers_, New York, 1860, headed “Nox et tenebrae,”
in 2 stas. of 8 l., and reprinted in Hys. Sp. 1864, with the title
“Vesper Hymn,” in 4 stas. of 4 l.; also in H. & V. in which it is
the fourth and concluding hymn of a group called “Vesper Hymns,”
and dated 1859, the 3^d and 4^th of which were included in Hys.
Sp., 1864.

3. _Beneath the shadow of the cross._ (Sacrifice)

Written in Fall River, 1848, and published in the _Supplement to A
Book of Hymns, Second Edition_, Boston, 1848, with the title “The
New Commandment,” in 3 stas. of 4 l.; in H. & V.

4. _Eternal One, Thou living God._ (Anniversary)

Written in 1875 for a church anniversary, possibly for the 25^th
anniversary of the Preble Chapel in Portland, Maine; 5 stas. of 4
l. In H. & V. the original reading of the last two lines,

“Afloat upon its boundless sea,
Who sails with God is safe indeed.”

are changed to the inferior reading,

“That truth alone can make us free;
Who goes with God is safe indeed.”

5. _Every bird that upward springs._

Included in _Supplement to Bk. Hys._, 1848, attributed to Neale,
and also in Hys. Sp., 1864. It is in fact S.L.’s adaptation of
part of a hymn by Neale for St. Andrew’s Day, included in his
“Hymns for Children”, 1842; see pp. 360-1 of the _Collected Hymns,
Sequences and Carols of J. M. Neale_, 1914. S.L. used stas. 4, 5,
6 and 7 of Neale’s hymn in 8 stas. Of the 16 lines in S.L.’s
version 9 are taken unchanged from Neale, 6 contain part of
Neale’s wording, and only 1 is wholly S.L.’s. S.L. writing in 1880
said, “I may say that hymn 585, [i.e. Every bird, etc.] is mine—I
did not put my name because two lines were not mine—“. (see H. W.
Foote, _The Anonymous Hymns of Samuel Longfellow_, Harv. Theol.
Rev. Oct., 1917.) This letter illustrates the fallibility of human
memory. In the 32 years which had elapsed since he had adapted
Neale’s verses for the _Supplement to Bk. Hys._ his own
contribution to the final result had come to bulk much larger than
it really was. S.L. was right in ascribing the hymn to Neale, as
he did in 1848 and 1864, tho he might properly have marked it as
“Neale, altered.”

6. Father, give thy benediction. (Dismissal)

One stanza, 8 lines, printed anonymously in Hys. Sp.; described by
S.L. as “of no importance”, but included in his H. & V. Listed as
“Anon.” in the first edition of the _Pilgrim Hymnal_. Included in
the _Isles of Shoals Hymn Book_, 1908. (H. W. Foote, _The
Anonymous Hymns of Samuel Longfellow_, Harv. Theol. Rev. October,
1917). See J. 1563.

7. _Go forth to life, O child of earth._ (Life’s mission)

Written in 1859, included in his _Book of Hymns and Tunes for the
Sunday School_, and in Hys. Sp. 1864, under title “Life’s
Mission.” 4 stas. of 4 l.

8. _God of the earth, the sea, the sky._ (Divine Immanence)

Printed anonymously in Hys. Sp. 1864, under title “God, through
all and in you all”; included in H. & V. with l. 2 in sta. 1
altered; no date. (H. W. Foote, _The Anonymous Hymns of Samuel
Longfellow_, Harv. Theol. Rev. October, 1917).

9. _God of Truth! Thy sons should be_,

No. 550 in Hys. Sp. 1864, where it is listed as “Anon,” because,
as he later wrote, it was “founded on a H. of Wesley” though
“nearly all mine.” (H. W. Foote, _The Anonymous Hymns of Samuel
Longfellow_, Harv. Theol. Rev., October, 1917).

10. _God’s trumpet wakes the slumbering world._ (Courage)

Printed anonymously in Hys. Sp. 1864 under title “On the Lord’s
Side”; in H. & V., no date. 5 stas. of 4 l.

11. _He, who himself and God would know._ (Silent worship)

Printed in Hys. Sp. 1864 as “From Martineau” under title of “Be
still, and know that I am God.” This is S.L.’s versification of a
passage from Martineau’s sermon, “Silence and Meditation”, no. 17
in “Endeavors after the Christian Life,” in which Martineau
paraphrased a few sentences in Pascal’s “Thoughts”, no. 72. Not
dated; not included in H. & V. (H. W. Foote, _The Anonymous Hymns
of Samuel Longfellow_, Harv. Theol. Rev. October, 1917.)

12. _Holy Spirit, Truth [Light] Divine._

Included in Hys. Sp. under title “Prayer for Inspiration”; also in
H. & V., without date. In the introductory note to H. & V. it is
stated that this hymn “bears some resemblance to one by Andrew
Reed, but after careful investigation they appear to be quite
distinct.” In spite of this disclaimer it is clear that the theme
of the hymn as a whole, and several of its lines, are borrowed
from the hymn, “Holy Ghost, with light divine” by Andrew Reed,
1817. Furthermore, S.L.’s arrangement of this hymn is found in two
different versions, the one in H. & V. beginning, “Holy Spirit,
Truth divine,” the other, and superior one, beginning, “Holy
Spirit, Light divine.” It will be found in this latter form in
_The New Hymn and Tune Book_, 1914, and in _Hymns of the Spirit_,
1937, in both of which it is attributed to both Reed and
Longfellow.

13. _Holy Spirit, source of gladness._

S.L.’s adaptation of Jacobi and Toplady’s version of Gerhardt’s “O
du allersusste Freude”; included in _Supplement to Bk. Hys._ 1848,
and in altered form in Hys. Sp. 1864; set down as “Anon.” in both;
not included in H. & V.

14. _I look to Thee in every need_, (Trust)

In Hys. Sp., 1864, with title “Looking Unto God,” and listed as
“Anon.”, but included in H. & V. as Longfellow’s. He had not
claimed it because its opening stanza was strongly reminiscent of
a love-song by Thomas Haynes Bayly, as indicated by S.L.’s
pencilled notation in his copy of Hys. Sp. now in the library of
Union Theological Seminary, New York, reading “V. 1, T. H. Bayley,
alt.” Bayly (not Baylēy) (1797-1839) was an English composer of
popular sentimental songs one of which began,

I turn to thee in time of need
And never turn in vain;
I see thy fond and fearless smile
And hope revives again.
It gives me strength to struggle on,
Whate’er the strife may be;
And if again my courage fail
Again I turn to thee.

This song, though one of Bayly’s best, is not included in his
collected works, but a copy, with his name as its author, is in
the Harvard University Library. It was published by C. Bradlee,
107 Washington St., Boston, n.d., the words set “to a favorite
Neapolitan melody”, and must have still been well remembered when
S.L. was inspired to transfigure the thought of its opening stanza
by giving it a profoundly spiritual interpretation. He made no use
of Bayly’s second and third stanzas, and changed the metre from
8.6.8.6. double to six line stanzas, 8.6.8.6.8.8., thus making
sure that his words would be sung to another tune than the
“Neapolitan melody.”