Chapter L: L, the deck-transom (9)

RAQUER, to fret, chafe, or rub.

RARRIVÉE, the movement of coming to, after having fallen off, when a
ship is lying-by or trying.

RAS, a small vessel or boat without a deck.

RAS _à l’eau_, a low-built vessel, or one which carries her guns very
little above the surface of the water.

RAS _de courant_. See RAT.

RASE, a composition of pitch and tar, used to pay a ship’s seams.

RASER _un vaisseau_, to cut down a ship, or take off part of her
upper-works, as the poop, quarter-deck, or fore-castle, in order to
lighten her, when she becomes weak.

RASTEAU, or RATELIER, the rack or range of blocks sometimes placed on
each side of the gammoning of a ship’s bowsprit.

RASTEAUX, or RATEAUX, the cleats nailed on the middle of a yard, to
confine the parrels, and tye, or jear-blocks, &c.

RASTEAUX, or _Rateliers à chevillots_, ranges, or cross-pieces,
fastened to the shrouds, or otherwise, in which pins are fixed to
belay the running-rigging.

RAT, a shipwright’s floating stage, used for repairing or calking a
ship’s bottom, &c.

RAT, or RAS, a race, or dangerous whirlpool; as the Race of Portland,
&c.

RAT. See COUET _à queue de rat_.

RATION, the allowance of bread, flesh, wine, pulse, &c. distributed to
the different messes in a ship.

RATION _double_, a double allowance, given on any particular occasion
of rejoicing.

RATION _et demie_, the allowance of a sea-officer in the French fleet.

RAVALEMENT, a platform on the poop of some ships, where the marines
stand to discharge their small-arms.

REALE, the royal-galley, a name given to the principal galley of a
kingdom. See GALERE _réale_.

REBANDER, a phrase amongst the common sailors, signifying to carry
over to the other side of the ship.

REBANDER _à l’autre bord_, to stand upon the other tack, to steer a
different course.

REBORDER, to fall aboard or along-side of a ship a second time.

RECHANGE, a general name for the stores of a ship; or the spare
rigging, sails, &c. which are in reserve to supply the place of what
may be lost or disabled.

RECLAMPER, to fish a mast or yard when it happens to be sprung.

RECONNOITRE _un vaisseau_, to approach a ship, in order to discover
her strength, and of what nation she is.

RECONNOITRE _une terre_, to survey or observe the situation of a coast
attentively.

RECOURIR _les coutures_, to run over the seams of a ship in calking;
to calk them lightly and expeditiously.

RECOURIR _sur une manœuvre_, to under-run a rope or cable.

_Faire_ RECOURIR _l’ecoute_, _la bouline_, _le couet de revers_, to
haul in the slack of the lee-tack or bowline, or of the
weather-sheet.

RECOUVRE! rouse-in, or haul aboard!

RECOUVRER, to rouse-in, or haul any rope into the ship, when it hangs
slack in the water, or otherwise.

RECOUX. See REPRISE.

RECUL _du canon_, the recoil of a cannon.

REFAIT, squared, or prepared for use; expressed of a piece of timber
hewn to its proper form and size.

REFLUX _de la mer_, the ebb-tide. See FLUX.

REFOULER, to stem the tide, or to sail against it.

_La mer_ REFOULE, the tide ebbs; the water falls.

REFOULOIR, the rammer of a great gun, called also FOULOIR.

REFOULOIR _de cordes_, a rope rammer.

_Se_ REFRANCHIR, to be freed by the pumps, or to have the quantity of
water in a ship’s hold diminished by pumping.

REFREIN, the repetition of the dashing and breaking against rocks, &c.
expressed of the waves upon a sea-shore.

REFUSER, to fall off again, when in stays; expressed of a ship that
will not go about, or stay; as,

_Le vaisseau a_ REFUSÉ, the ship will not come to the wind, or will
not stay.

REGATES, a course or race of boats in the great canal of Venice.

RELACHER, to bear away for, or put into a harbour, under the lee.

RELACHE, the harbour where a ship has taken refuge or shelter, as from
a contrary wind.

RELAIS. See LAISSES.

RELEVEMENT, the sheer of a ship’s deck, or the rising of the deck
afore and abaft.

RELEVER, to put a ship afloat, after she had lain a-ground for some
time; also to right a ship after she had lain upon a careen.

RELEVER _l’ancre_, to weigh the anchor again, and change its
situation.

RELEVER _le quart_, or _le timonnier_, to relieve the steersman or the
watch.

RELEVER _les branles_, to lash up the hammocks, in order to make a
clear passage between-decks.

RELEVER _un côte_, to draw the plan or chart of a coast.

RELEVER _un vaisseau_, to steer by the compass, or shape the course by
the compass.

REMÉDIER _à des voies d’eau_, to stop or stanch the leaks.

REMOLE, a dangerous whirlpool.

REMONTER, to sail up a river, as from the sea.

REMORQUER, to tow a ship by a boat, or other vessel with oars.

REMOULAT, a person who has charge of the oars in a row-galley.

REMOUX, the eddy, or dead water, left behind a ship’s stern when she
is under sail.

RENARD, a sort of handspike, or lever, with an iron claw, used to
remove large pieces of timber in a dock-yard, &c.

RENARD is also a traverse-board.

RENCONTRE! shift the helm, or shift over the helm! the order to the
steersman, to meet the ship, right the helm, or put it towards the
side opposite to where it was before, in order to check the ship’s
sheer.

RENDEZ-VOUS, the rendezvous, or place of destination of a fleet of
ships.

RENDRE _le bord_, to anchor, or come to an anchor in some road or
harbour.

RENTRÉE. See RETRECISSEMENT.

RENVERSEMENT, the shifting a cargo from one ship to another.

_Charger par_ RENVERSEMENT, to change or remove the cargo out of one
ship into some other.

REPOUSSOIR, a driving-bolt, used by ship-wrights to knock out another
from its station.

REPRENDRE _une manœuvre_, to sheep-shank, or shorten a rope.

REPRISE, a retaken ship.

RÉSINE, resin, used in paying a ship’s bottom or sides.

RESSAC, the shock or breaking of a wave upon the shore, and its
retreat into the sea.

RESSIF, or RECIF, a reef, or ridge of rocks under water.

RESTAUR, the restoration, or loss made good by an insurer.

RESTER, to bear upon any point of the compass; as, _un vaisseau nous_
RESTE _au sud_, a ship bears south of us, &c.

RETENUE, fastened, or hardened home in its place; expressed of a piece
of timber in ship-building; as,

_Piece de bois qui a sa_ RETENUE, a piece of wood which is firmly
wedged into its place, as by rabbiting, tenanting, &c.

_Corde de_ RETENUE, a tackle-fall. See also CORD _de retenue &_
ATTRAPE.

RETORSOIR, a spun-yarn winch. See MOULINET.

RETOUR _de marée_, the turn of the tide, or the beginning of the ebb.

RETRAITE _de pirates_, a nest of pirates, a harbour of free-booters.

RETRAITES _de hune_, or _cargues de hune_, the clue-lines, bunt-lines,
and reef-tackles of the top-sails.

RETRANCHEMENT, a temporary or occasional apartment formed in a ship,
besides her ordinary cabins.

RÉTRECISSEMENTS _des gabaris_, the tumbling-home of the top-timbers,
where a ship grows narrower above her breadth. See REVERS.

REVENTER, to fill the sails again; to brace about, and fill.

REVERS, a general name for those pieces of timber whose convexity lies
inward in a ship’s bottom or sides; as,

_Allonges de_ REVERS, the top timbers.

_Genoux de_ REVERS, the lower futtocks in the fore and after parts of
the ship.

_Manœuvres de_ REVERS, the ropes which are out of use while they lie
on the lee-side, as the lee-bowline, lee-tacks, &c.

REVIREMENT, the act of going about, by tacking or veering.

REVIREMENT _par la tête, ou par la queue_, to tack a fleet or squadron
of ships of war by the van or rear, so that the foremost ships or
the aftmost ships go about first, to preserve the order of the line.

REVIRER, to put about; to change the course of a ship.

REVIRER _dans l’eaux d’un navire_, to tack in a ship’s wake, and stand
on the same course, a-stern of her.

REVOLIN, a sudden gust of wind, which blows off the shore, as by
rebound from the adjacent hills.

RIBORD, the second plank, or streak of planks, on a ship’s bottom,
counting from the keel. See GABORD.

RIBORDAGE, the damage due from one ship to another which has sustained
any hurt from the misconduct or neglect of the former, as
established by merchants.

RIDE, a laniard.

RIDER, to haul taught, or pull strait.

RIDER _la voile_. See RIS.

RIDES _de haubans_, the laniards of the shrouds.

RIDES _d’etai_, the laniards of the stays.

_Longue_ RIME, or _donne longue_ RIME! row a long stroke! the order to
the rowers to pull with a long sweep.

_Bon_ RIME! the order to the strokesman of the boat, or he who rows
the after oar, to give a good stroke, for the rest to follow.

RINGEOT, or BRION, the fore-foot. See BRION.

RIS, the reef of a sail.

_Prendre le_ RIS, to reef a sail, or take in a reef.

RISSONS, grapplings, with four claws, used as anchors in a galley.

RIVAGE, the banks of a river, or the sea-shore, upon which the tide
ebbs and flows between high and low-water mark.

RIVER _un clou_, to rivet a nail.

ROC _d’issas_, or BLOC _d’assas_. See SEP _de drisse_.

ROCHER, ROC, or ROCHE, a rock, or key; a ridge, or reef of rocks in
the sea, or on the coast.

ROCHES _cachées_, lurking rocks, or rocks under water.

RODE _de pouppe, &_ RODE _de proue_, the stern-post, or stem of a
galley.

ROINETTE, a marking-iron, to mark timber, or the casks which are
shipped for a voyage.

RONDEUR, the curve, sweep, or compass of a piece of timber used in
ship-building.

RONGÉ, worm-eaten; expressed of a ship’s bottom, when it is much
injured by the worms in a southern voyage.

ROSE _de vents_, or ROSE _de compas_, the card or face of a
sea-compass.

ROSTER, to woold a mast, yard, or boom.

ROSTURES, the wooldings of a mast, &c.

ROUANE _de pompe_, a great pump-borer; whence,

ROUANER _une pompe_, to enlarge the bore or channel of a ship’s pump.

ROUCHE _d’un vaisseau_, the hull of a ship, without masts or rigging.

ROUER _une manœuvre_, to coil a rope.

ROUER _à tour_, to coil a rope with the sun, i. e. according to the
course of the sun in north-latitude.

ROUER _à contre_, to coil a rope against the sun.

ROUES _d’affut de canon_, the trucks of a gun-carriage.

ROUET _de poulie_, the sheave of a block.

ROUET _de poulie de chaloupe_, the sheave of a long-boat’s davit; also
the sheave on the top of her stern-post, or stem for weighing an
anchor.

ROULEAU, a roller, or cylindrical piece of wood placed under any
weighty body, in order to move it with greater facility by means of
handspikes, &c.

ROULER, to roll tumultuously; expressed of the waves of a swelling
sea.

ROULIS _d’un vaisseau_, the rolling motion of a ship. See TANGAGE.

ROUTE, the course, or way of a ship; also the place of her
destination.

ROUTE _fausse_, or _fausse-route_, the errors of a course, or the
deviations from the right course, occasioned by the lee-way, drift,
currents, chasing, &c.

_A la_ ROUTE! steer the course! the order to the helmsman to keep the
ship steddy in her course.

_Porter à_ ROUTE, or _faire droit_ ROUTE, to make a strait course; to
sail onward, without touching at any port in the passage.

ROUTIER, a book, or collection of charts, bearings, distances,
soundings, and perspective views of the coasts of any country.

RUBORD, or RIBORD. See RIBORD.

RUM, or REUN. See CALE.

_Donner_ RUM _à une roche_. See FAIRE _honneur_.

RUMB _de vent_, a point of the compass. See AIR _de vent, &_ ROSE _de
vents_.

S.

SABLE, a watch-glass of any measure of time. See also HORLOGE.

SABLE _mouvant_, a quick-sand or shifting-sand.

SABORD, a gun-port in the ship’s side; whence,

_Fermer les_ SABORDS, to let fall, or shut in the port lids.

_Faux_-SABORD, a false port painted on a ship’s side, and
corresponding to a wooden gun, both which are calculated to deceive
an enemy in time of war.

SABORDS _pour le lest_, ballast-ports.

SACHETS _de mítrailles_, grape-shot, or partridge-shot.

SAFRAN _de gouvernail_, the after-piece of a rudder, used to augment
its breadth.

SAFRAN _de l’étrave_, an additional piece of timber fayed on the fore
part of the cutwater, to enlarge it, immediately above the
fore-foot, and enable the ship to hold the wind better.

SAILLE! a manner of shouting amongst the sailors, as a signal to pull
or heave all at once.

SAIN, clear, safe, or clean; as,

_Côte_-SAIN, a clean bottom, or clear coast, which has no rocks or
sands near it.

SAINT _aubinet_. See _Saint_ AUBINET.

SAINTE-_barbe_, or _chambre des canonniers_, the gun-room of a vessel
of war.

SAIQUE, a sort of Grecian or Turkish ketch.

SAISINE, a seising or lashing of any kind.

SAISINE _de beaupré_, or LIURE, the gammoning of the bowsprit. See
LIURE.

SAISER, to seize or fasten any rope with a lashing, &c. See AMARRER.

SALE, foul; an epithet given to a coast full of dangerous rocks,
shallows, and breakers.

_Vaisseaux_ SALES, foul-ships, or shipping with foul bottoms.

SALUER, to salute, or do homage at sea, by offering a salute.

SALUER _à boulet_, a salute fired with shot, being an homage paid only
to the king.

SALUER _de la mousqueterie_, to salute by firing a volley of
small-arms.

SALUER _de la voix_, to salute with three chears, &c.

SALUER _des voiles_, to salute by lowering the sails.

SALUER _du canon_, to fire a salute of canon.

SALUER _du pavillon_, to salute, by striking or hauling-in the
colours.

SALUT, a salute offered at sea by firing guns, &c.

_Rendre le_ SALUT, to return the salute.

SAMEQUIN, a sort of Turkish merchant-ship.

SAMOREUX, a very long and flat-bottomed lumber-barge or lighter, for
carrying masts and long planks on the Rhine, &c.

_Navire qui a_ SANCI _sous ses amarres_, a ship which has foundered at
her anchors.

SANCIR, to sink, or founder at sea.

SANDALE, a sort of lighter used in the Levant.

SANGLES, mats, or small panches formed of spun-yarn.

SAPINETTES, barnicles, a sort of shell-fish, that adhere to a ship’s
bottom which has been long at sea. See CRAVAN.

SARANGOUSTI, a sort of gum, used instead of pitch to pay the seams of
a ship in the East-Indies.

SART, sea-weed, wreck, or tangles; the alga-marina.

SARTIE, the rigging of a ship, in the dialect of Provence.

SASSES, buckets to draw water, for washing the decks, &c.

SAUGUE, a fishing-boat of Provence.

SAUSISSON, the trough, or sausage, filled with powder, which
communicates the flame from the train to the fire-pots or
powder-barrels in a fire-ship.

SAUT, a water-fall in a river, which renders it unnavigable in that
part.

_Donner un_ SAUT _à la bouline_, to check the bowline.

SAUTE, an expression of command, which answers to away up, or away out
to such a place! &c. as, Saute _sur la beaupré_! away out on the
bowsprit! &c. SAUTE _sur la vergue!_ go up to the yard, or out upon
the yard, &c.

SAUTER, to veer, or shift suddenly; expressed of a wind when it
changes to another point of the compass.

SAUVAGE, or SAUVEMENT, salvage, the payment of salvage.

SAUVE-_gardes_, the ridge-ropes which extend the nettings of a ship’s
head.

SAUVE-_gardes_, or _tire-veilles_, the horses, or man-ropes of the
bow-sprit.

SAUVE-_gardes de gouvernail_, the rudder-pendants, with their chains.

SAUVE-_rabans_, the puddenings of the yards, which preserve the
rope-bands from being galled by the top-sail sheets.

SAUVEURS, persons employed in recovering any stores, rigging, &c. from
a wreck on the sea coast.

SCIER _à culer_, to back a-stern with the oars; to row stern foremost.

SCIER _sur le fer_, to support the cable of a galley by rowing with
the oars, when she is at anchor in a storm, and in danger of driving
ashore.

_Mettre à_ SCIER, _ou mettre à culer_, to back the sails, or to lay
them aback, so as to make the ship fall astern.

SCIE-_babord_, pull the larboard-oars, or pull to starboard!

SCIE-_tribord_, pull the starboard oars, or pull to port!

SCITIE, or SATIE, a particular kind of Italian bark with two masts.

SCORBUT, or SCURBOT, the scurvy, a well known marine distemper.

SCOUE, the extremity of a floor timber, where it is joined to the
lower futtock.

SCUTE, a skiff, or small boat, belonging to a ship.

SEC, dry aground; the situation of a ship laid ashore to be repaired,
&c.

_A_ SEC, or _à mâts & à cordes_, a-hull, or under bare poles. See
METTRE _à sec_.

SECOND, or _vaisseau_ SECOND. See MATELOT.

SECRET _d’un canon_, the train of a piece of ordnance, which
communicates with the touch-hole.

SECRET _d’un brulot_, that part of the train where the match or fuse
is laid by the captain in a fire-ship, as ready for inflammation.

SEILLURE. See SILLAGE.

SEIN, a small bay or gulf with a narrow entrance: also a SEIN, or
capacious fishing-net of a particular construction, used on the
sea-coast.

SEIN _d’un voile_, the bight, cavity, or belly of a sail.

SEJOUR, the space of time that a ship remains in any port at which she
touches in the course of a voyage.

SELLE _de calfat_, a calking-box, which contains the instruments and
materials used in calking a ship.

SEMAQUE, or SEMALE, a smack or fishing sloop.

SEMELLES, or DERIVES, lee-boards.

SENAU, a snow; also a small Flemish vessel rigged like a smack.

SENTINELLE _de chaloupe_, the keeper of the long-boat.

SEP _de drisse_, the knights, or knight-heads of the jears, with their
sheaves: these machines are now entirely disused in English ships of
war.

SERGENT, a wraining bolt, to bend a ship’s planks into their places.
See ANTOIT.

SERRAGE, _ou_ SERRES _de vaisseau_, a general name for those planks of
a ship which are called _thick-stuff_ by our ship-wrights.

_Faux_ SERRAGE, loose planks, laid occasionally as a platform in a
ship’s floor when she has no ceiling.

SERRE-_bauquieres_, thick stuff placed under the clamps, upon which
the ends of the beams rest.

SERRE-_bosse_, the shank-painter of the anchor.

SERRE-_goutieres_, the water-ways of a ship.

SERRER _de voiles_, to shorten sail.

SERRER _la file_, to close or contract the line of battle, by making
the ships draw nearer to each other.

SERRER _le vent_, to haul the wind; to haul upon a bowline.

SERRER _les voiles_, to furl, or hand the sails. See FERLER.

_Faire_ SERVIR, to fill the sails after they had been shivering or
laid a-back for some time.

SEUILLETS _de sabords_, the port-fells, or lower part of the
gun-ports.

_Hauteur des_ SEUILLETS, the height of the port-fells from the deck
immediately beneath them.

SIAMPAN, a small coasting-vessel of China, with one sail, and two,
four, or six oars; extremely light and swift.

SIFFLEMENT, the whistling of a shot as it flies through the air when
discharged from a cannon.

SIFFLET, a boatswains call.

SIGNAL, a general or particular signal used at sea.

SILLAGE, or _l’eau d’un vaisseau_, the track or wake of a ship; the
trace which she leaves behind her on the surface of the sea.

_Doubler le_ SILLAGE _d’un vaisseau_, to sail with twice the velocity
of another ship; or, according to the sea-phrase, to sail two feet
to her one,

SILLER, to run a-head; to have head-way through the sea, &c.

SIMAISE, or rather CIMAISE, a wave or ogee in the sculpture of the
ship’s mouldings.

SINGE, a sort of _gin_, or machine, with a roller or winch in the
middle, which is turned by handspikes: and used to discharge goods
from a boat or small vessel.

SINGLER. See CINGLER.

SITUATION _d’une terre_, the bearings and distances of a coast.

SLEE, a sort of sledge or cradle, laid under a ship’s bottom in
Holland, &c. when she is to be drawn ashore to be repaired or
graved,

SOLDATS _de marine_, marines, or marine forces.

SOLDATS-_gardiens_, a division of marines stationed at a royal
dock-yard.

SOLE, the bottom of a vessel which has no keel, as punts,
horse-ferry-boats, and some barges of burthen.

_Le_ SOLEIL _a baissé_, the sun has fallen, or, has past the meridian;
an expression used when observing its altitude at noon.

_Le_ SOLEIL _a passe le vent_, the sun has overtaken the wind: _i. e._
the wind being south, the sun, by passing from south to S S W, is
said to have passed the wind. Hence they say, in a contrary sense,
_Le vent a passé le Soleil_.

_Le_ SOLEIL _chasse le vent_, the sun chases the wind; a phrase which
implies the change of the wind from the east to the west, by the
southern board, before sun-set.

_Le_ SOLEIL _chasse avec le vent_, the wind keeps pace with the sun;
an expression that denotes the change of the wind according to the
course and progress of the sun.

_Le_ SOLEIL _monte encore_, the sun continues to rise.

_Le_ SOLEIL _ne fait rien_, the sun stands still. Both these last
phrases are peculiar to the operation of taking the meridian
altitude.

SOLES, a name given to the bottom or transoms of a gun-carriage.

SOMBRER _sous voiles_, to overset in a squall of wind.

SOMMAILE, a bank or shoal. See BASSE.

SOMME, to deepen; as,

_La mer a Sommé_, the water deepens as the ship advances.

SONDE, or _plomb de sonde_, the sounding-lead; also the soundings, _i.
e._ the sand, gravel, &c. that sticks to the bottom of the lead at
the time of sounding.

_Aller à la_ SONDE, _Aller la_ SONDE _à la main_, to sail by the
hand-lead, or by sounding the depth of the water with a hand lead as
the ship advances.

SONDER, to sound; to heave the hand-lead, or deep-sea-lead.

SONDER _la pompe_, to sound the pump.

SONNER _le quart_, to ring the bell at the close of the night-watch.

SONNER _pour le pompe_, to strike the bell for pumping the ship, as at
every hour, or half hour.

SONETTE, an engine somewhat resembling a gin, and used for driving
piles.

SORTIR _du port_, to depart from a harbour; to sail out or put to sea.

SORTIR _le boute-feu à la main_, to set sail with the match in hand:
expressed of a port whose entrance or opening is so commodiously
situated, that a ship may sail from it with any wind, and be ready
for engagement immediately after her departure.

SOU, or rather FOND, the bottom, or ground, at the depth of any part
of the sea. See also FOND.

SOUABRE. See FAUBER.

SOU-_barbe_, a bracket or knee, usually ornamented with sculpture, and
placed under the cat-head to support it.

SOUBERME, a fresh, or torrent increased by the freshes of a river.

SOUFFLAGE, the doubling of a ship, or covering her side with new wales
and planks. See SOUFFLER.

SOUFFLAGE is also the new planking of a ship, or giving her a new
skin, after the old planks are ripped off.

SOUFFLER, to double a ship with new planks and wales, so as to stiffen
her when she is built too crank; or to prevent or diminish the
efforts of an enemy’s cannon.

SOUFFLER _les canons_, to scale the great guns, or cleanse them by
blowing a little powder from them.

SOULIE, the bed of a ship, or the impression she has left in the mud
on shore, after having lain aground during the ebb-tide.

SOULIER, the shoe of an anchor.

SOUN, or TSOUN, a large flat-bottomed ship, navigated on the rivers of
China.

SOUQUE! hang, or swing upon! a phrase among the common sailors, spoken
of a rope which they are pulling.

SOURCE _du vent_, the point of the compass in which the wind sits.

SOURDRE, to rise up, or brew; expressed of a cloud or squall issuing
from the horizon towards the zenith.

SOURDRE _au vent_, to hold a good wind, to claw or eat to windward.

SOUS-_argousin_, an officer in the gallies, who assists the argousin
in his duty. See ARGOUSIN.

SOUS-_barbe_. See _Sou-barbe_.

SOUS-_barbes_, short props or shoars, placed under the stem while the
ship is yet on the stocks.

SOUS-_barque_, the upper-streak of a lighter, or the streak which lies
close under the gunnel.

SOUS-_comite_, an officer in the gallies, who assists and relieves the
COMITE; which see.

SOUS-_fréter_, to under-freight a ship, or hire her out to a second
person, after having contracted for her freight to a first.

SOUTE, a store-room in the orlop of a ship, of which there are
several; as,

SOUTE _au biscuit_, the bread-room; SOUTE _aux poudres_, the
magazines, &c.

SOUTENIR, to support under the lee; expressed of a current which acts
upon the lee-side of a ship, and counter-ballances the lee-way, when
she is close-hauled, so as to keep her in the right course without
falling to leeward.

SOUTENIR _chasse_. See _Soutenir_ CHASSE.

_Se_ SOUTENIR, to bear up against a scant-wind or current, without
being driven much to leeward or down the stream.

SPARIES. See CHOSES _de la mer_.

SQUELETTE, the carcase or skeleton of a ship; or the ribs, with the
keel, stem, and stern-post, after the planks are ripped off.

STAMENAIS, or rather GENOUX, the lower-futtocks.

STRAPONTIN, a sort of hammock, used in hot climates to sleep in.

STRIBORD, or TRIBORD, the starboard-side of a ship.

_Avoir l’amure à_ STRIBORD, to have the starboard-tacks aboard, or to
sail upon the starboard-tack.

SUAGE, a coat of tallow, soap, sulphur, &c. with which the bottom of a
ship is payed, to enable her to sail smoothly through the water.

SUD, the south, or south-point. See ROSE _de vents_.

_Etre au_ SUD _de la ligne_, to be in south-latitude, or to the
southward of the equinoctial line.

SUPANNE, or _etre en_ PANNE. See PANNE.

SUPER, to stop or close accidentally; expressed of a leak which is
choaked, or filled with sea-weed, or such like material, that may
have entered with the water.

SURCHARGER, to overload a ship.

SURJOUAILLÉ, or SURJAULÉ, foul of the anchor-stock; expressed of the
cable.

_Le cable est_ SURJAULÉ, the anchor is foul, having a turn of its
cable under the stock.

SURLIER, to woold. See also ROSTER.

SURVENTE, a hard gale of wind, a tempest.

SURVENTER, to over-blow, or blow a storm.

SUSAIN, or SUSIN, a name sometimes given to the quarter-deck. See
GAILLARD.

SUSPENTES, vulgarly called SURPENTES, the main and fore-tackle
pendants.

SYRTES, shifting-sands, quick-sands, or shelves.

T.

TABERNACLE, or TENDELET, a place under the awning of a row-galley,
where the captain sits to give his orders.

TABLEAU, the compartment, whereon the name is engraved or painted on
the stern of a Dutch flight. See ECUSSON.

TABLETTE, the rising-staff; a form, or scale, used by shipwrights when
erecting the frames of the timbers.

TABOURIN, the fore-castle of a galley, with the space underneath it,
where the artillery are loaded and fired. See COVERT _de
l’iscosele_.

TAILLE-_mer_, or _gorgere_, the lower part of a ship’s cut-water, or
of the prow in a galley.

TAILLES _de fond, &_ TAILLES _de point_. See CARGUES _fond, &_
CARGUES-_point_.

TAINS. See TINS.

TALINGUER, or ETALINGUER, to bend the cable to the anchor-ring.

TALLARD, a space between the _coursiere_, or middle gangway, and the
gunnel, in a galley, where the slaves are placed to row their oars.

TALON _de la quille_, the after-end of the keel, into which the foot
of the stern-post is tenanted: this is also called a ship’s heel.

TALON _de rode_, the heel of the stern, or stern-post of a row-galley.
See RODE.

_Couper en_ TALUS, to hew a plank shelving, or with a slanting edge.

TAMBOUR, a drum; also the drummer, or person who beats it.

TAMBOUR _d’eperon_, the doubling of the cut-water, or the planks
nailed on the outside of it, to defend it from the assaults of the
waves.

TAMISAILLE, or TAMISE, the transom, upon which the tiller traverses in
a ship’s gun-room.

TAMPONS, wooden shot-plugs, employed to fill up the holes made in a
ship’s side by the cannon balls of an enemy: also plates of iron,
copper, or lead, used for the same purpose.

TAMPONS, or TAPONS _de canon_, the tompions of the great guns.

TAMPONS, or TAPONS _d’ecubiers_, hause-plugs.

TANGAGE, the act of pitching, or plunging with the fore and after ends
of a ship.

TANGUER, to pitch or plunge deep in the water forward.

TANGUEURS, or GABARIERS, lightermen.

TAPABOR, a sea-cap, a sailor’s cap or bonnet.

TAPEÇU, a sort of ring-tail, water-sail, or driver.

TAPONS _de canon_, &c. See TAMPONS.

TAQUETS, a general name for the larger cleats, or kevels, whereon the
running-ropes are belayed.

TAQUET _à cornes_, a large cleat, which is nailed or lashed by the
middle to a mast, plank, shroud, &c. and having two branches or
arms, whereby to fasten a rope so as to be cast off suddenly when
necessary.

TAQUET _à gueule, ou à dent_, a hollow or notched cleat, nailed at the
two ends; these are chiefly used to fasten casks, or other weighty
bodies, to the decks or sides of the ship.

TAQUET _de fer_, a wraining-bol. See ANTOIT.

TAQUET _de mât de chaloupe_, a small cleat, whereon the tack of a
long-boat’s main-sail is fastened.

TAQUETS _d’amure_, the chess-trees. See also DOGUE _d’amure_.

TAQUETS _de bittes_. See COURBES _de bittes_.

TAQUETS _de cabestan_, the whelps of the capstern. See FUSEAUX.

TAQUETS _d’echelle_, the steps which are nailed on the gangway,
whereby to ascend or descend the ship’s side.

TAQUETS _d’écoutes_, the kevels or great cleats, whereon the tacks and
sheets of the courses are belayed.

TAQUETS _de hune à l’Angloise_, the cheeks of the bow sprit.

TAQUETS _de mâts_, the belaying-cleats of the lower-masts, which are
usually furnished with several pins to fasten different running
ropes.

TAQUETS _de ponton_, large hollow cleats fixed on the side of a
pontoon, or sheer-hulk, to fasten the pendant of the
relieving-tackle.

TAQUETS _de potence_, the cheeks of a common sea-pump. See POTENCE.

TAQUETS _simples_, cleats which are formed nearly in the manner of a
wedge or quoin; they are usually nailed to the deck or sides, to
support or wedge up any weighty body.

TARRIERE, an augre, or auger, used by shipwrights to bore the planks
and timbers, in order to fasten them together with bolts and
tree-nails.

TARTANE, a tartane, or small vessel, usual in the Mediterranean.

TEMPETE, a tempest, or violent storm.

TEMS, a general term for weather.

TEMS _affiné_, fine weather, clear weather, or a clear sky. See
AFFINE.

TEMS _à perroquet_, a top-gallant gale, top-gallant weather.

TEMS _de mer_, or _gros_ TEMS, tempestuous weather.

TEMS _embrumé_, a fog; foggy weather.

TENAILLE, a wooden engine formed like a pair of pincers, and employed
to confine the planks of a ship in their places, till they can be
nailed or bolted to the timbers.

TENDELET, the tilt of a boat; also the awning or canopy in the after
part of a galley.

TENIR _au vent_, to keep the wind; to sail close upon a wind.

TENIR _bon_, to stop or cease from any exercise or labour in a ship.

TENIR _la mer_, to keep the sea; to keep out in the offing. See _Tenir
la_ MER.

TENIR _le balant d’une manœuvre_, to make fast the bight of a rope
when it hangs slack.

TENIR _le largue_, to sail large, or with a large wind.

TENIR _le lit du vent_, to have the wind right an end, or right in
one’s teeth.

TENIR _le lof_. See LOF _&_ OLOFÉE.

TENIR le vent. See ALLER _au plus pres_.

TENIR _sous voiles_, to get under sail; to set sail ready for putting
to sea.

TENIR _un bras_, to brace, or haul in the brace of, a yard.

TENIR _une manœuvre_, to make fast, or belay a rope.

TENIR, _or voir une terre_. See OUVRIR.

TENON, a tenant, or end of a piece of timber let into a mortise.

TENON _à queüe d’aronde_, a pivot, or tenant, formed like the spindle
of a capstern.

TENON _de l’étambot_, the tenant on the heel of the stern-post which
is let into the keel.

TENON _de mât_. See THON _de mât_.

TENONS _de l’ancre_, the nuts of an anchor.

TENUE, the gripe or hold which an anchor has of the ground where it is
sunk. See FOND _de bon tenue_.

TERMES, the quarter-pieces of a ship, by which the side is terminated
abaft.

TERRE _de beurre_, cape fly-away, a cant phrase applied to any
illusive appearance of land in the horizontal clouds, after sun-set
or before sun-rise.

TERRE _défigurée_, land which cannot be easily distinguished at sea,
on account of the clouds which rest upon it.

TERRE _fine_, land which may be distinctly beheld from the sea.

TERRE _grosse_, or _grosse terre_, high land on, or near, the
sea-shore.

TERRE _hachée_, a coast with an opening between two mountains.

TERRE _maritime_, the sea-coast, or sea-shore.

TERRE _Méditerranée_, an inland country.

TERRE _qui asseche_. See ASSECHER.

TERRE _qui fuit_, double-land, or land shut in behind a cape or
promontory.

TERRE _qui se donne la main_, land open to the sea, or accessible to
shipping.

TERRES _basses_, low flat lands on the sea coast.

TERRES _hautes_, high land on the sea shore; a bold, or iron bound
coast.

_Aller_ TERRE _à terre_. See ALLER.

_Dans la_ TERRE, or _Dans les_ TERRES, in-land; up in the country.

_Mangé par la_ Terre, land-locked; shut-in by the land.

_Prendre_ TERRE, to arrive at the land.

_Tout à_ TERRE, close in shore.

TERRE-_neuvier_, a Newfoundland cod-fisher.

TERRIR, to come to anchor; to arrive at the land after a long cruise.

TERTRE, an hommock, or hillock, rising on a level shore, and seen from
the sea.

TESSEAUX. See BARRES _de hune_.

TETE _de l’ancre_, the cross of the anchor, where the shank terminates
upon the arms.

TETE _de more_. See CHOUQUET.

TETE _de cabestan_, the drum-head of the capstern.

TETE _de potence de pompes_, the cheeks of the pump which support the
brake.

TETE _du vent_, the rising, or springing up of a breeze.

_Faire_ TETE, to hold well by the moorings; to be well moored.

TETIERE, the head of a sail.

THON _de mât_, the mast-head, or the space comprehended between the
cap of the lower-mast and the tressel-trees beneath it: and so of
the top-mast.

TIERS _point_, a triangular sail, as a lateen, or stay-sail. See
LATEEN.

TILLAC. See PONT.

_Franc_-TILLAC, or rather _premier-pont_, the gun-deck, or lower-deck.

_Faux_-TILLAC, the orlop. See FAUX-_pont_, and FAUX-_baux_.

TILLE, the cuddy, or cabin of a lighter, or other undecked vessel;
also the place where the helmsman stands in a Dutch flight.

TIMON, or rather BARRE _de gouvernail_, the tiller.

TIMONNIER, the helmsman, or steersman.

TINS, the blocks upon which the keel and floor-timbers of a ship are
laid while she is building.

TIRANT _d’eau, d’un vaisseau_, the draught of water of a ship, or the
depth of water which she draws to float her.

TIRE! the order to the boat’s crew to row hard, or forcibly a-head.

TIRE _du vent_, or TIRE-_avant_, pull away; pull a head chearly!

TIRE-_soin_, the worm used to draw the charge of a cannon.

TIRER _tant de pieds d’eau_, to draw so many feet of water, in order
to float. See TIRANT _d’eau_.

TIRER _à la mer_, to stretch out to sea.

TIRE-_veilles_, the man ropes, or entering-ropes of the side.

TIRE-_veille de beaupré_. See SAUVE-_garde_.

TOILE _noyale_, canvass, or duck, employed to make sails; sail-cloth.

TOILES _de sabords_, port-sails. See VOILES _à lest_.

TOISER, to measure by the fathom. See BRASSE.

TOLETS, or ESCOMES. See ESCOMES.

TOMBER, as a sea-term, implies to lean or incline; also to cease, or
fail; as,

TOMBER _sous le vent_, to fall to leeward.

TOMBER _sur un vaisseau_, to fall aboard a ship to the leeward.

_Le vent a_ TOMBÉ, the wind is spent, or decayed; it has become calm.

_Le Mât_ TOMBE _en arriere_, the mail hangs, or rakes aft.

TONIES, a sort of Indian boats which are usually lashed together in
couples, in order to carry sail the better. The two thus paired are
called _Catapanel_.

TONNE, a can-buoy, placed over a shoal, rock, or sand, in a channel;
also the nun-buoy of a ship.

TONNES, are also barrels fitted to cover the mast-head when it is
unrigged, to preserve it from rain.

TONNEAU _futaille_, a tun, or tun weight, containing 2000lb. also a
general name for all sorts of large casks, containing a measure
equal to that weight.

TONNELIER, the cooper of a ship, who has the charge of all the
provision-casks to keep them in proper repair.

TONTURE, the sheet of the wales and decks of a ship.

TONTURE _des baux_, the round-up, or convexity of a ship’s beams.

TORDES. See SAUVE-_rabans_.

TORON. See TOURON.

TORTUE _de mer_, a sort of transport-ship, formed with a high deck,
for the convenience of carrying troops, passengers, and their
effects, between decks.

TOSTE _de chaloupe_, the thwarts, banks, or seats of a boat, whereon
the rowers sit to manage their oars.

TOUAGE, the warping a ship from place to place; also towing. See
REMORQUER.

TOUCHE, the priming wire, or priming-iron of a cannon. See DÉGORGEOIR.

TOUCHER _terre_, or, simply TOUCHER, to run a-ground, or strike
against a rock, shore, or sand-bank.

TOUCHER _à une côte, ou à une port_, to touch at any coast or harbour.

TOUCHER _un compas_, to touch the needle of a compass with a magnet.

TOUÉE, a name given to two or three hawsers bent upon an end, _i. e._
fastened at the end of each other, and to an anchor a-head, so as to
ride a ship with more security.

TOUER, to warp a ship from one place to another in a harbour.

TOUR _à feu_, a light-house. See PHARE.

TOUR _de bitte au cable_, a turn of the cable about the bits; the
bitting of a cable.

TOUR _de cable_, a foul hawse; a turn or elbow in the hawse. See CABLE
and CROIX.

TOUR-_et-choque_, a weather-bit of the cable, or a turn and half-turn
about the bits.

TOUR _marine_, a watch-tower, or block-house, on the sea-coast.

TOUR _de cable autour du virevaut_, the turns of the cable round the
windlass; the act of passing it about the windlass.

TOURBILLON, a whirlwind upon the sea.

TOURET. See TOLETS _& echome_.

TOURILLONS, the trunnions of any piece of ordnance.

TOURMENTE, a tempest, or great storm. See TEMPETE.

TOURMENTER, when expressed of a ship, implies to labour or strain
violently; when spoken of timber, it denotes to warp or twist.

TOURMENTIN, a name sometimes given to the sprit-sail top-sail. See
PERROQUET _de beaupré_.

TOURNANT _de mer_, a whirlpool, or dangerous race in the sea.

TOURNANT, is also a stake or post sunk into the angles of a canal, for
the convenience of warping vessels up or down.

TOURNER _le bord_. See VIRER.

TOURNER _sur son ancre_, to pass round the anchor; understood of a
ship that, riding by a single anchor, has probably encircled the
place where it lies, so as to have swept it with her cable, and made
a foul anchor.

TOURNEVIRE, the voyal of the cable. See CABESTAN.

TOURON, the strand of a rope, composed of a certain number of
rope-yarns.

TOUT _le mond haut_! all hands, hoay! all hands upon deck hoay! a cry,
or order of the boatswain, to summons all the sailors upon the
upper-deck.

TOUT _le monde bas_, sit down close, all hands! the order to the
ship’s crew to lie snug upon deck or below, so as not to retard the
ship’s course by their motion upon deck, nor be discovered by the
enemy, of whom they are in chase.

TRAIN _de bateaux_, a train of boats in tow.

TRAIN _de bois_, or FLOTE, a raft, or float of timber.

_A la_ TRAINE, towing overboard; expressed of any thing towed in the
sea by a rope when the ship is advancing, to wash it; or, if salt
provisions, to freshen it.

TRAINÉE, a train of gun-powder.

TRAIT _de compas_, or TRAIT _de vent_. See RUMB.

_Voile à_ TRAIT _quarré_, a square sail; such are the courses,
top-sails, &c. of a ship.

TRAITE, the trade or commerce carried on between shipping and the
inhabitants of any country where they arrive.

TRAMONTANE, the north-wind, in the dialect of the Mediterranean.

TRAPE, or ATTRAPE, a tackle-fall. See CORDE _de retenue_.

TRAVADE, a tornado, or thunder-gust; as those on the coast of Africa.

TRAVAILLER, when applied to a ship, is to roll or pitch heavily, as in
a high sea; also to swell tumultuously, as the waves themselves. See
ROLIS.

TRAVAILLEURS, the ordinary, or labourers, &c. employed to assist in
fitting out shipping.

TRAVERS, in a naval sense, generally denotes athwart, abreast of, or
along side of: it is also applied to any piece of timber which is
laid across others and scored into them.

_Se mettre par le_ TRAVERS, or _Passer par le_ TRAVERS _de Torbay_, to
cross or stand athwart Torbay, &c.

_Le vaisseau est moüillé par nôtre_ TRAVERS, the ship has come-to,
abreast of us.

_La marée vient par le_ TRAVERS _du vaisseau_, the tide takes the ship
athwart, or on the broad-side.

_Mouillee par le_ TRAVERS _de Belleisle_, at anchor off Belleisle.

TRAVERSÉE, a passage from one port to another; an outward or homeward
bound voyage.

TRAVERSE _misaine_! flat-in the fore-sheet! flat-in forward! the order
to pull the lower-corners of the head-sails in towards the ship, in
order to make her fall off when the sails shiver in the wind.

TRAVERSER, to become abreast of, to sheer along-side of.

TRAVERSER _l’ancre_, to get the anchor up along the bow, in order to
stow it parallel to the gunnel.

TRAVERSER _la lame_, to head the sea; to sail against the setting of
the sea,

TRAVERSIER, a small fishing vessel on the coast of Rochelle,

TRAVERSIER _de chaloupe_, the fore-beam or fore thwart of a long-boat.

TRAVERSIER _de port_, a wind that sets right into any harbour, so as
to prevent the departure of a ship from it.

_Mettre la misaine au_ TRAVERSIER, to bring the fore-tack to the
cat-head; as when the wind is large.

TRAVERSIN. See TAMISAILLE.

TRAVERSIN _d’écoutilles_, a guttur-ledge, or cross-piece of a
hatchway.

TRAVERSIN _d’élinguet_, the beam into which the pauls of the capstern
are bolted.

TRAVERSIN _de herpes_, a ship’s davit; see also MINOT.

TRAVERSIN _des bittes_, the cross-piece of the bits.

TRAVERSIN _du chateau d’avant_, the cross-piece of the fore-castle,
which contains the kevels and cleats for belaying ropes.

TRAVERSIN _des affuts_, the transoms of the gun-carriages.

TRAVERSINS _de taquets_, the step or piece of timber in which the feet
of the main and fore-sheet kevels are lodged.

TRÉLINGAGE, a crow-foot. See MARTICLES.

TRÉLINGAGE _des étais sous les hunes_, the crow-feet of the tops.

TRÉLINGAGE _des haubans_, the cat-harpings of the shrouds.

TRÉLINGUER, to reeve a crow-foot, or form any thing similar thereto,
as the clue of a hammock, &c.

TRÉMUE, a trunk, or sloping passage formed in some merchant-ships for
the cables, from the top of the fore-castle downward to the hause,
and covered with a small grating.

TREMUE is also a hood, or companion, placed over the comeings of the
hatches in merchant-ships, to keep the steerage warm, and prevent
the rain or sea-water from falling into it.

TREOU, a square-sail, used to scud under in a storm, in small vessels,
particularly sloops, tartans, galleys, &c.

TRÉPORT, or _allonge de pouppe_, a stern-timber, whose lower end
corresponds with the top of the stern-post.

TRÉSORIER _général de la marine_, an officer whose duty resembles that
of our treasurer of the navy.

TRESSE _de meche_, a twill formed of three matches turned round each
other, to fire a cannon with more certainty and expedition.

TRESSES, a sort of knittles frequently used as seizings.

TRÉVIER, or _Maître-voiler_, the master sail-master of a ship.

TREUIL, a roller or winch of several kinds.

TRÉVIRER. See CHAVIRER.

TRIANGLE, a stage hung over a ship’s side, to calk the seams, or pay
the planks: also a machine composed of three capstern-bars, whose
ends are tied together, so as to form a triangle, to enclose any
mast, along which it may be hoisted or lowered, to scrape the mast,
or pay it with turpentine, resin, tallow, &c.

TRIBORD, the starboard side of the ship. See also STRIBORD.

TRIBORDAIS, starbowlines; a cant term for the starboard-watch.

TRIÉRARQUE, an officer formerly appointed to furnish a ship with
soldiers, rowers, arms, and provisions.

TRINGLE, a thin lath, used occasionally to fill up the edges of a
gun-port, deadlight, &c. and make it tight, so as to exclude the
wind or water.

TRINGLE is also a batten of wood about two feet long, nailed against
the butts or joints of a boat’s planks, to strengthen them.

TRINGLER, to mark timber with a chalked or red line, in order to hew
or bevel it to the exact form and scantlings.

TRINQUET, the fore-mast of a row-galley.

TRINQUETTE, a triangular fore-sail, as that of a sloop, and such
vessels.

TRISSE _de beaupré_, the standing-lifts of the sprit-sail yard.

TRISSE _de racage_. See DROSSE _de racage_.

TROMPE, or _pompe de mer_, a water-spout.

TROMPETTE _marine_, a speaking-trumpet used at sea.

TROUS _d’amure de misaine_. See BOUTE-_de-lof_.

TROSSE _de racage_, a small tackle, formerly used as a nave-line.

TROUS _d’écoutes_, the sheave-holes, which are cut obliquely through a
ship’s side, wherein the main and fore-sheets are reeved.

TROUS _de la civadiere_. See OEIL.

TUGUE. See TEUGUE.

TUTELLE, the tutelary saint represented on the stern of a ship, and to
whose protection she is consigned.

V.

VADROUILLE, a brush used to pay a ship’s bottom with tallow or stuff.

VA _et vient_, a span or rope extended from one place to another,
whereon to draw any thing along by the means of a traveller.

VAGANS, vagrants or hovellers, who infest the sea-coast in a tempest,
in expectation of plunder from some shipwrecked vessel. See DEBRIS.

VAGUES, the waves or surges of the sea. See LAMES.

VAIGRER, to fix on the planks and thick-stuff of a ship’s cieling to
the timbers.

VAIGRES, _ou serres_, a general name for the clamps and thick-stuff
used in the cieling of a ship; as,

VAIGRES _de fond_, the thick-stuff placed next to the keel.

VAIGRES _d’empature_, the thick-stuff placed between the floor-heads
and the _vaigres de fond_.

VAIGRES _de pont_, the clamps which support the ends of the beams.

VAIGRES _des fleurs_, the thick stuff placed opposite to the
floor-heads.

VAISSEAU, a ship, or large vessel of war or burthen.

VAISSEAU _à la bande_, a ship lying along, or heeling gunnel-to, under
a weight of sail in a fresh wind: this is frequently called lying
down on the beam-ends, or broadside.

VAISSEAU _à l’ancre_, a ship at anchor.

VAISSEAU _à son poste_, a ship in her station, as appointed by the
commanding officer.

VAISSEAU _beau de combat_, a roomy ship, advantageously built for
battle, as carrying her lower tier high above the water, and having
a good height between-decks.

VAISSEAU _corsaire_. See CORSAIRE.

VAISSEAU_ démarré_, a ship unmoored, or whose anchors are weighed;
also a ship broke adrift from her moorings.

VAISSEAU _gondolé_, a ship built with a great sheer.

VAISSEAU _qui a le côté droit comme un mur_, a wall-sided ship.

VAISSEAU _qui a la côté foible_, a streight-sheered ship.

VAISSEAU _qui a le côté fort_, a round-sided ship.

VAISSEAU _qui-cargue_, a crank ship.

VAISSEAU _qui charge à fret_, a laden or loaded ship. See FRET.

VAISSEAU _qui se manie bien_, a good working ship; a ship that is
easily managed and steered.

VAISSEAU _qui se port bien à la mer_, a good sea-boat.

VAISSEAU _ralongé_, a lengthened ship.

VAISSEAU _de bas-bord_, a low-built vessel navigated with sails and
oars, as the gallies in the Mediterranean.

VAISSEAU _de haut-bord_, a general name for large ships.

VALANCINE. See BALANCINE.

VALETS _d’artillerie_, the boys which attend the great guns in a
sea-fight, &c.

VALTURE, the lashing of the sheers; or a rope employed to lash two
masts together in any particular place, when they are to be used as
sheers.

VARANGUAIS. See MARTICLES.

VARANGUES, a general name for the floor-timbers; as,

VARANGUES _acculées_, the crotches or floor-timbers afore and abaft.

VARANGUES _demi-acculées_, the floor-timbers placed between the
_varangues acculées_ and the

VARANGUES _plates_, or VARANGUES _de fond_, the flat floor-timbers
placed in the middle or broadest part of a ship’s floor.

VARECH, sea-wreck. Also the wreck of a ship. See CHOSES _de la mer_.

VARIATION, the variation of the compass. See DECLINAISON.

VARIATION _vaut la rout_, the variation is on the weather-side, or
opposite the lee-way.

VASART, oozy, or slimy, expressed of a particular bottom or soundings
at sea. See FOND.

VASSOLES, laths or battens placed between the ledges of the gratings.

VEGRES. See VAIGRES.

VEILLE _la drisse_! stand by the haliards! the order to have the
top-sail-haliards ready to lower in case of a squall.

VEILLE _l’écoute de hune_! stand by the top sail sheets!

VEILLE _les huniers_. See VEILLE _la drisse_.

VEILLER, to watch, attend, or take care of any thing; as,

_Il faut_ VEILLER _les mâts, & non le côté_, we must look to the
masts, and not to the side; expressed of a ship, whose masts being
good, will rather overset her, than be carried away. When the anchor
is a cockbill, and ready to let go, they say, _Ancre est à la_
VEILLE; and when the buoy floats over the anchor to shew its place,
it is called _bouée à la_ VEILLE.

VENT, the wind.

VENT _alizé_, a trade-wind, or monsoon.

VENT _arriere_, a wind right aft or astern.

VENT _d’amont_, a land-wind, or land breeze.

VENT _d’aval_, a foul wind which blows from the sea, &c.

VENT _de bouline_, a scant-wind, on which the ship cannot lie her
course without being close-hauled.

VENT _de quartier_, a quarterly, or quartering wind[61].

VENT _en pouppe_. See VENT _arriere_.

VENT _en pouppe, largue la soute_; large wind, large allowance; an
expression used by seamen on the commencement of a fair wind, after
they had been put to short allowance in consequence of foul winds.

_Le_ VENT _en pouppe fait trouver la mer unie_, a stern wind brings an
easy sea; expressed of a ship when sailing afore the wind, in which
situation she will be less strained by the agitation of the sea,
than when she lies in the trough or hollow of it, side-ways.

VENT _largue_, a large wind.

VENT _routier_, a wind which serves to go and come upon the same line;
such is the wind upon the beam.

VENTS _variables_, variable winds, or such as are without the tropics.

VENT _à pic_, the wind is right down; a witticism amongst sailors, to
signify that there is a total cessation of wind, at which time the
vanes hang right downward, instead of blowing out.

VENTER, to blow or spring up; understood of the wind.

VENTILATEUR, a ventilator used at sea.

VERBOQUET, a guy used by ship-wrights to steddy a piece of timber
which they are erecting in a ship’s frame.

VERGE _de girouette_, the spindle of the vane at any mast-head.

VERGE _de l’ancre_, the arm of an anchor.

VERGE _de pompe_, a pump-spear. See also BARRE _de pompe_.

VERGUE, the yard of any principal sail which traverses the mast at
right angles.

VERGUE _à corne_. See CORNE _de vergue_.

VERGUE _de foule_, the cross-jack-yard.

VERGUE _en boute dehors_, the main-boom of a sloop-rigged, or
schooner-rigged vessel.

VERGUE _traversée_, the sprit which traverses a boat’s sail
diagonally.

VERIN, an instrument nearly similar to a jack-screw, and used
occasionally to launch a ship from the stocks.

VEUE, or VUE, _etre à vue_, _avoir la vue_, to be in sight of; to make
or discover at sea, as the land, or some distant object. See
NON-_vue_.

VEUE _par vue, & cours par cours_, sailing by the bearings, or
distances of the land, on the sea-coast.

VIBORD, the quick-work, or that part of a ship’s side which is
comprehended between the drift-rails and the waist-rail.

VICE-AMIRAL, the vice-admiral of France.

VICTUAILLES, the provisions used for the subsistence of the ship’s
crew at sea, &c.

VICTUAILLEUR, a contractor, or agent-victualler.

VIF, alive, busy, all in motion; an epithet applied to a wharf, dock,
or slip, where the artificers are all at work on the shipping.

VIF _de l’eau_, or _haute marée_, high water.

VIGIE, a lurking rock, or reef; a rock under the surface of the water.

VIGIER, to look out, or watch upon deck, or at the mast-head, &c.

VIGIER _une flotte_, to dodge, or watch the motions of a fleet.

VIGOTS _de racage_. See BIGOTS.

VINDAS, a sort of moveable capstern; also a windlass. See VIREVAUT.

VIRAGE, the act of heaving up any weighty body by a crab or capstern.

VIRER, to overset.

VIRER _au cabestan_, to heave the capstern, or heave at the capstern.

VIRER _de bord_, to go about, or put about-ship.

VIRER _vent arriere_, to veer, or wear.

VIRER _vent devant_, to tack, or put about head-to-wind.

VIREVAUT, the windlass of a ship or boat.

VIROLE, a little iron ring placed on the small end of a bolt which is
driven through any part of a ship’s decks or sides; it is used to
prevent the fore-lock from cutting the wood.

VIROLET. See MOULINET.

VIRURE, a streak of planks continued from the stem to the stern-post.

VIRURE, is also the sheer of any plank in the ship’s side.

VISITE _de vaisseau_, an examination of the cargo of a ship by the
officers of the revenue.

VISITEUR, an officer resembling our tide-surveyors of the customs.

VITTES _de gouvernail_. See FERRURE.

VITTONIERES. See ANGUILLERES.

VIVIER, a fishing-boat, furnished with a well filled with water
amid-ships, wherein to keep the fish alive.

VIVRES. See VICTUAILLES.