Chapter X: Parasites During Their Whole Life

Strepsitera--Stylops--Rhipiptera--Tristomidæ--Epibdella--
Diplozoon, two Individuals--Polystomum of Frog--Gyrodactyles--
Cochineal Insect--Aphides--Phylloxera of Vine--An Acaris,
its Mortal Enemy--Ant-Cows--Bonnet's Theory of Germs--The
Reduvius personatus, a valuable enemy to the Bed-bug 255

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. x

FIG. PAGE

1.--Ophiodendrum abietinum on Sertularia abietina 66
2.--Ricinus of the Pygarg 72
3.--Caligulus elegans, female: ditto, natural size 73
4.--Different forms of the Bite of a Leech 110
5.--Sucker and jaws 110
6.--Anatomy of Leech 110
7.--Antenna of Gnat 115
8.--Gnat, male and female 118
9, 10.--Lucilia hominivora 120
11.--Ox-fly 121
12.--Antenna of Ox-fly 121
13.--Blue-fly 121
14.--Flesh-fly 122
15.--House-fly 122
16.--Bed-bug 124
17.--Louse 125
18.--Louse--Suckers 126
19.--Ditto--Claw 126
20.--Flea (Pulex irritans) 128
21.--Itch-mite 131
22.--Ditto, female--back view 131
23.--Ditto, male--back view 132
24.--Geographical water-mite 136
25.--Book-mite 137
26.--Chigoe, male 141
27.--Ditto, head 141
28.--Ditto, female 141
29.--Phryxus Rathkei 145
30.--Tracheliastes of Cyprinidæ 149 xi
31.--Lernea branchialis attached to Morrhua luscus 151
32.--Young Guinea-worm, showing Mouth, Tail,
and section of Body 153
33.--Gregarinæ of Nemertes 160
34.--Sac with Psorospermiæ from Sepia officinalis 160
35.--Stylorhynchus Melophagus oligacanthus from Dragon-fly 161
36.--Horse-fly, showing also Anterior and Posterior Extremity 172
37.--Macaco Worm 175
38.--Melophagus of the Sheep 177
39.--Lipoptena of Stag 177
40.--Gordius aquaticus 178
41.--Monostomum verrucosum--Sporocyst with Cercariæ 191
42.--Liver fluke 198
43.--Monostomum mutabile 202
44.--Ditto, ciliated Embryo and young Cercariæ 202
45.--Cercaria of Amphistoma sub-clavatum 203
46.--Sporocyst of Amphistoma sub-clavatum 203
47.--Ditto, from Frog 205
48.--Polystomum integerrimum 205
49.--Cysticercus 206
50.--Vesicular Worm 211
51.--Tape-worm (Tænia solium), showing Scolex and Proglottides 214
52.--Ditto, Rostellum and Suckers 214
53.--Tænia medio-canellata 219
54.--Coenurus of Sheep, and Hydatid 223
55.--Scolex of Tænia echinococcus 226
56.--Tænia echinococcus from the Pig 226
57.--Ditto, from the Dog 227
58.--Bothriocephalus latus 227
59.--Scolex of ditto 227
60.--Egg of ditto 227
61.--Tænia variabilis from Snipe 230
62.--Ditto, more highly magnified 230
63.--Tetrarhynchus appendiculatus from the Plaice 230
64.--Hook of Linguatula 232
65.--Linguatula, showing Hooks 232
66.--Strongylus gigas, female 239
67.--Ascaris lumbricoides; also Head, Tail, and Body 240
68.--Trichocephalus from Man 241
69.--Oxyuris vermicularis, natural size and magnified 241 xii
70.--Trichina, free 243
71.--Trichina encysted in Muscle 243
72.--Echinorhynchus proteus 252
73.--Sac with Psorospermiæ from Sepia officinalis 252
74.--Gregarinæ from Nemertes Gesseriensis 253
75.--Stylorhynchus oligacanthus 253
76.--Dicyema Krohnii from Sepia officinalis 254
77.--Stylops 256
78.--Ditto, with Embryos 257
79.--Larva of Black Stylops 257
80.--Cochineal Insects, male 263
81.--Ditto, female 264
82.--Aphis 264
83.--Rose Aphis, male and female 265