Chapter 1: General Character of the Society 1

2. Historical Setting 9

Early Origin--Formation of the Principalities--
Western Influences--National Independence--World
War I--Interwar Years, 1918-40--World War II--
Communist Seizure of Power--The Communist State

3. Physical Environment and Population 29

Natural Features and Resources--Boundaries and
Political Subdivisions--Population--Living
Conditions--Transportation

4. Social System and Values 49

Ethnic Composition--Social Structure--Social Values

5. Religion 65

Church-State Relations--The Romanian Orthodox
Church--The Roman Catholic Church--Protestant
Churches--Other Religions and Churches

6. Education 73

Background--Educational Reforms Since 1948--
Literacy--The Educational System--Education of
Minorities

7. Artistic and Intellectual Expression 91

The Role of the Arts Under Communism--Art,
Sculpture, and Architecture--Music--Theater--Films
--Literature--Scholarship and Research

SECTION II. POLITICAL

8. Governmental System 109

The Constitutional System--The Structure and
Functioning of the Government--The Electoral
System

9. Political Dynamics and Values 129

Major Political Developments, 1965 to 1970--
Political Organizations--Party Policies and
Programs--Political Values and Attitudes

10. Foreign Relations 155

Determinants of Foreign Policy--Conduct of Foreign
Affairs--International Relations

11. Public Information 175

Government and Freedom of Information--The Press
--Radio and Television--Book Publishing--Libraries
--Films--Informal Information Media

SECTION III. NATIONAL SECURITY

12. Public Order and Internal Security 193

Internal Security--Public Order--Crime and the
Penal System

13. Armed Forces 211

Historical Background--Governmental and Party
Control Over the Armed Forces--Organization and
Mission--Foreign Military Relations--Manpower,
Training, and Support--The Military Establishment
and the National Economy