Chapter III: Part III: The Solar System

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The Sun—Distance, Size, and Condition of the 127-215
Sun—Temperature of the Sun—Solar Heat on the
Earth, and its Mechanical Equivalent—Peculiar
Rotation of the Sun—Sun-spots, their Appearance
and Probable Cause—Faculæ—The Photosphere—Solar
Prominences—Explosive Prominences—The Solar
Corona—Parallax, and the Measure of
Distances—Spectroscopic Analysis—How the
Elements in the Sun Reveal their Presence—List
of the Principal Solar Elements—The Moon—Origin
of the Moon—Appearance of its Surface—Gravity on
the Moon—The Phases of the Moon—Causes of the
Absence of a Lunar Atmosphere—Eclipses—How the
Moon Causes Eclipses of the Sun—The Laws
Governing Eclipses—The Shadow during a Solar
Eclipse—Eclipses of the Moon—Number of Eclipses
in a Year—The Saros—The Planets—Kepler's Laws of
Planetary Motion—Mercury—Venus—Mars, and its
So-called Canals—Theories about Mars—Jupiter,
its Belts and its Satellites—The "Great Red
Spot”—Saturn, its Rings and its
Satellites—Composition of the Rings—Uranus and
Neptune—Comets, and the Laws of their
Motion—Composition of Comets—The Pressure of
Light and its Connection with Comets'
Tails—Breaking up of Comets—Meteors and their
Relations to Comets—The November Meteors and
Other Celebrated Showers—Meteorites or Bolides
which Fall upon the Earth—The Question of their
Origin