Chapter XXIII: Section 2: Cenobites (dwellers in community) (3)

Abdomen, 25.
and its differences of form, 47.
causes of differences of clothing and form lie in its use, 48.
colour and marking and clothing of, characteristic, 47.
elliptical, or lanceolate and truncated, 48.

Acari infest bees, 110.

Activity of a hive at work, 348.

Acuminate, terminating gradually in a sharp point.

Affinity, doctrine of, 136.

Agassiz’ ‘Nomenclator Zoologicus,’ 130.

Analogies between the stages of bees and flowers, 15.

Analogy, doctrine of, 138.

Andrena, general observations upon, 264
geography of, 67.
infested by Stylops and Nomada, 208.
list of native species, 201.
natural history of, 205.
scientific description of, 200.

Andrenidæ, abnormal bees, 160.
diagram of mode of folding the tongue in repose, 39.

Animals, domestication of, 5.

Antennæ, 26, 28.
apparatus for cleaning, 42.
form and structure in Eucera, 29.
possible complex function of, 57.

Antennæ, sexual differences in length, 233.
their probable use, 55, 57.
used as means of communication, 58.

Anthidium, general observations on, 281.
geography of, 75.
native species, 279.
natural history of, 282.
scientific description of, 279.

Anthocopa, general observations on, 292.
geography of, 76.
native species of, 292.
natural history of, 293.
scientific description of, 290.

Anthophora, general observations on, 238.
geography of, 70.
infested by Melecta, 240.
list of native species, 238.
natural history of, 238.
scientific description of, 236.
trophi of, 29.

Apathus, general observations on, 304.
geography of, 77.
list of native species, 304.
scientific description of, 302.
the Bombi they infest, 306.

Apidæ, diagram of the mode of folding the tongue in repose, 39.
= normal bees, 160, 227.

Apis, general observations on, 321.
geography of, 79.
native species, 321.
natural history of, 322.
origin of names, 321.
scientific description of, 318.
see “Bee” and “Bees.”

Appearance of bees intermittent, 54.

Appendiculated, when there is a small appendage, as in the lip of
Halictus, and at the end of the marginal cell of the wings, etc.

Arrangement and description of British bees, 184.

Artesian well, peculiar results from its soil, 223.

Articulate, where jointed, or the point of attachment.

Artisan bees = Dasygasters, 272.

Aryans, one of the primitive divisions of the human race, 4.

Atmosphere, its conditions affect bees, 50.

Aulacus, 287.

Auriculated, with a small ear-like appendage.

Bee, constructive habits of the, early noticed, 93.
general history of the, 17.
parasites, 115.
parasitism limited, 264.
probably earlier known to man than the silkworm, 6.
Queen, description of, 322.
see “Apis.”
several species of, 87.
symbol of royalty with the Egyptians, 5.
The, one of the Suras of the Koran, 90.
why attractive, 1.

Bee-bread, 347.

Bees, amount of their susceptibility of pain, 57.
construction of cells, 327.
duties performed in the hive, 325.
duties transferable, 336.
early cultivated, 3, 90, 91.
economy, early known, 92.
emit an odour, 52.
enemies, 51.
extent of flight, 340.
flight, modes of, varies, 49.
found in the Orkneys, 7.
genera of, determined by an artificial mode, 170.
habits of, in America, 7.
hairiness of, reason of, 14.
intimately connected with flowers, 3.
largely contribute to the impregnation of plants, 11.
make about ten journeys a day, 351.
many disclosed in autumn for the following year’s spring flight, 53.
not early risers, 51.
number of eyes, 355.
other than social, also known, 8.
rarely walk, 50.
sagacity in finding the honey of flowers, 13.
scientific arrangement and description of the genera of, 184.
secretion of wax, 325.
stages of life of,—
egg, 18.
larva, 19.
pupa, 22.
imago, 23.
swarming, 337.
their relative perfection, 56.
voice, a scale of music, 49.

Beehive represented on a tomb at Thebes, 6.

Beehives moved on rafts, 84.

Bifid, divided into two parts.

Binomial system invented by Linnæus, 129.

Body of the bee, its structure, 25.

Bombus, difficulty in determining the species of the males, 311.
general observations on, 310.
geography of, 78.
infested by _Apathus_, 311.
list of native species, 308.
natural history of, 312.
peculiarities in times of appearance, 312.
scientific description of, 307.

Boss of mesothorax, 45.

Bougie, derivation of, 84.

British bees, new arrangement of, 153, 158.

Carder-bees, 316.

Carelessness of describers of new species, 125.

Carinated, having a longitudinal elevated line.

Carpenter bees, 286.

Cells of hive, geometrical form of, 343.
results from instinct, 343.
how constructed, 342.
of wings characteristic, 44.

Cenobites = social bees, 167, 302.

Ceratina, disputed parasitism of, 247.
general observations on, 246.
geography of, 71.
list of native species, 246.
natural history of, 247.
scientific description of, 245.

Cereal plants early cultivated, 4.

Chelostoma, general observations on, 286.
geography of, 76.
infested by Fœnus, 287.
native species of, 285.
natural history of, 286.
scientific description of, 283.

Chrysis infests Chelostoma, 287.
infests Halictus, 219.
infests Osmia, 302.

Cibarial apparatus = trophi = collective organs of the mouth, 163.

Cilissa, general observations on, 213.
geography of, 67.
list of native species, 213.
scientific description of, 211.

Clavate, club-shaped.
antennæ, 28.

Claws, 42.
reflected, 285.

Climate inoperative on low forms of life, 24.

Clothing of bees, 60.

Clypeus, 26, 28.

Coadunate, closely united without perceptible articulation.

Cœlioxys, difficulty of their specific separation, 267.
general observations on, 267.
geography of, 74.
list of native species, 267.
parasitical on Megachile and Saropoda, 267.
scientific description of, 265.

Collar, 41.

Colletes, general observations on, 187.
geography of, 64.
list of native species, 187.
natural history of, 187.
parasites upon, 190.
scientific description of, 185.

Colour of bees, 60.
more intense in males than females, 52.
most conspicuous in parasites, 66, 105.

Combs, structure of, 345.

Corbiculum, 319.

Correlative relations of structure and function, 10.

Cotton, Rev. Chas. Wm., a distinguished apiarian, 361.

Coxa, or hip, 41.
useful as a specific character, 42.

Compound eyes, 26, 27.

Compressed, when the transverse section is shorter than the vertical.

Constricted, with tightened edges.

Conterminous, where the joints follow each other in a straight line of
succession.

Crenulated, cut into segments of very small circles.

Cubital cells of wings, 45.

cuckoo-bees = Nudipedes, 249.

‘Cui bono?’ answer to, 141.

Curtis, inferior merit of his system, 152.

Dasygasters, artisan bees, 167, 269.

Dasypoda, general observations on, 225.
geography of, 69.
native species, 225.
natural history of, 226.
scientific description of, 224.

Deflected, when bent downwards.

Dentate, toothed.

Depressed, when the vertical section is shorter than the transverse.

Describers, duties of, 125.

Describing, modes of, before Linnæus, 129.

Differences of appearance between the parasite and the sitos, 260.

Digiti, anterior tarsi, 42.

Dissimilarity frequent between the sexes, 52.

Domestication of animals, 5.

Dorylus, 311.

Drone = male bee, description of, 323.

Edentate, without teeth.

Egg of bees, 18.

Egyptian hieroglyphics and sculptures represent the bee, 6.

Elenchus, habits of, described by Dale, 113.
infests Halictus, 113, 219.

Elliptical, oval but with the longitudinal diameter more than twice the
length of the transverse.

Enemies of bees, 51.

Epeolus, general observations on, 260.
geography of, 73.
native species, 260.
parasitical on Colletes, 190, 260.
scientific description of, 258.

Epipharynx, 29, 30.

Eucera, general observations on, 232.
geography of, 70.
infested by Nomada sexcincta, 235.
native species, 232.
natural history of, 234.
scientific description of, 231.

Face of bees, 26, 27.

Families, characteristics of, differ, 136.

Family, 134.

Feeling of bees, 56.

Femur, or thigh, 41.

Fertilization of flowers produced by bees, 11, 51.

Feuds of animals, the occasion of, 352.

Filiform, thread-like, of uniform thickness.
antennæ, 28.

Fimbriated, = fringed.

Flagellum of antennæ, 18.

Flight of bees, variation of their modes, 49.

Floral clock of Linnæus, 50.

Flowers, the, chiefly agreeable to bees, 15.
earliest, sought by the bees, 14.
fertilized by bees, 11, 51.

Fœnus infests Chelostoma, 287.

Forcipate, when crossing each other.

Foreign bees, conspicuous genera of, 101.

Form of parasitical bees often adapted to that of their sitos, 48.
determined by function, 48.

Fossorial Hymenoptera, 45.

Fruit preserved in honey, 83.

Fusiform, = spindle-shaped.

Genæ, 26, 28.

Genera of bees determined artificially, 176.
that emit scents, 296.
with and without parasites, 264.

Geniculated, bent like a knee or angle.

Genus, 132.
type of, 133.

Geography of the British genera of bees, 61.

Gibbous, = irregularly swollen.

Glabrous, without hair or pubescence.

Gregarious, its application to bees, 57.

Habit, 127.

Habitat, 127.

Habits, 127.
and structure correlative, 24.

Halictophagus, 115.

Halictus, general observations on, 216.
geography of, 68.
its enemies, 220.
list of native species, 215.
natural history of, 217.
parasites that infest it, 219.
peculiar autumnal appearance, 218.
scientific description of, 214.
structure of labrum, 30.

Hastate, halberd shaped.

Head of bees, 26.

Hedychrum infests Halictus, 219.

Heriades, general observations on, 288.
geography of, 76.
native species of, 288.
scientific description of, 288.

Hindoo Koosh, supposed cradle of the human race, 3.

Hirsute, covered with long stiffish hairs, thickly set.

Hives, darkness of, 355.
moved on rafts, 85.

Homer mentions bees, 6.

Honey, different kinds of, 87.
green, 87.
its use in the East, 83.
mode of lapping, described by Réaumur, 35.
mode of storing, 350.
prescribed by Mahomet, 91.
quantity in a well-filled hive, 360.
sometimes poisonous, 86.
used in medicine by the Egyptians, 90.

Honey-bee, see “Apis,” “Bee,” “Bees.”
mode of secreting wax, 330.

Hypopharynx, 29.

Imago of bees, 23.

Inosculation, point of close contact or attachment.

Insect-feeding reptiles before glacial period, 5.

Inserted, where joined.

Instinct, its applications, 56.
occasional divergence of, 55.
of bees, 55.

Job mentions bees, 6.

Kirby’s merits, 144.
system of bees, 147.

Labial palpi, 30, 32.
number of joints invariable, 32.
structure in Andrenidæ, 32.
structure in Apidæ, 32.

Labium = lower lip, 30, 31.

Labrum = upper lip, 28, 30.

Lacerate, with a roughened irregular edge.

Lanceolate, oblong but gradually tapering.

Latreille’s classification not adopted, 168.

Leg, diagram of, 42.

Legs, general description of, 41.

Length of an insect is taken from the front of the head to the apex of
the abdomen; the breadth, or the expansion of the wings, it is not
usual to give, excepting under such circumstances as would be
particularly mentioned, viz. in cases of an excessive enlargement or
diminishment of the typical size.

Life, duration of, of bees, 54.

Line, the twelfth part of an inch; the ordinary measure used in
entomology for the fractions of an inch, unless the insect is much
more than an inch long.

Linnæus, author of the binomial system, 129.
great merits of, 129.

Lobated, divided into equal rounded parts.

Low forms of life unaffected by climate, 24.

Lunate, semicircular.

Lunulate, crescent-shaped.

Macropis, general observations on, 222.
geography of, 68.
native species, 221.
scientific description of, 220.
strong analogy to the Scopulipedes, 222.

Maculæ indicantes, 13.

Mahomet prescribes honey, 91.

Males, how to be united to their partners, 179.

Mandibles, 30, 40.
used for boring, 44.

Marginal cells of wings, 45.

Marginate, edged with a ridge.

Mason bees, 296.

Maxillæ, 30, 31.

Maxillary palpi, 30, 32.
number of joints invariable in Andrenidæ, 32.
number of joints variable in the Apidæ, 32.

Megachile, general observations on, 272.
geography of, 74.
infested by Cœlioxys, 275.
list of native species, 271.
natural history of, 273.
scientific description of, 269.

Melecta, general observations on, 255.
geography of, 72.
list of native species, 255.
parasitical on Anthophora, 240.
scientific description of, 255.
very pugnacious, 258.

Melittobia, a parasite upon Anthophora, 241.

Meloë proscarabæus, parasitical on bees, 110.
said to infest Andrena, 209.

Mesothorax, 26, 44.

Metallic colouring of bees, 248.

Metathorax, 26.

Metropolis, 128.

Miltogramma, parasitical upon Colletes, 190.

Mode of killing coloured insects, 253.

Moniliform, bead-like.
antennæ, 129.

Monodontomerus, parasitical on Anthophora and Osmia, 302.

Moths help to fertilize flowers, 13.

Motives for new arrangement, 163.

Mouth, organs of = trophi = cibarial apparatus, 163.

Mucronated, having one or more short stout processes.

Mutilla, parasitical on bees, 117.

Names usually given from a sexual peculiarity, 232.

Natural history, attractions of, 141.
modes of treating, 140.

Natural system, 139.

Nature, its large operations, 8.

Nectaria of plants indicated to bees by a difference of colour, 12.

Nervures of wings, 44.

Nomada, general observations on, 252.
geography of, 72.
intermittent appearance of N. Fabriciana, 230.
list of native species, 250.
scientific description of, 249.
sexcincta infests Eucera, 235.
the bees infested by them, 253.

Nomenclature simplified by Linnæus, 130.

Nudipedes, = cuckoo-bees or parasites, 116, 167, 249.

Nylander’s mode of determining the species of Cœlioxys, 268.

Obsolete, more or less inapparent.

Ocelli = simple eyes = stemmata, 26, 27.

Oman, no bees in the province of, 84.

Osmia, general observations on, 296.
geography of, 76.
list of native species, 295.
natural history of, 296.
parasites of, 302.
scientific description of, 294.

Ovate, oval, but with the ends circumscribed by unequal segments of
circles.

Ovipositor = egg-depositor, 17.

Pain, doubtful susceptibility of, 57.

Palmæ, 41.

Palmated, spread like a hand.

Palpi, their probable use, 55.

Panurgus, general observations on, 229.
geography of, 69.
infested by Nomada Fabriciana, 230.
list of native species, 228.
natural history of, 229.
scientific description of, 227.

Paraglossæ, 33.
obsolete in the artisan bees, 33.
where attached, 33.

Parasites, different kinds of, 110.
of bees, 109.

Parasitical bees always the most highly coloured, 66, 105.
unlike the sitos, 116.
Cenobites, 302.

Passions of bees, 56.

Pecten or comb, a fringe of very short stiff hair attached to an organ,
for various purposes.

Pectinated, having an edge like a comb.

Pediculus Melittæ, 209.

Petiole, a foot stalk.

Pharynx, 29, 30.

Pile, long loose hair.

Pilose, with long, distinct, flexible hair.

Plantæ, 42, 46.
structure of, in hive bee, 46.

Plants agreeable to bees, 15.
impregnated by bees, 11.

Pleasures attending the pursuit of natural history, 14.

Plumose, with long hair, but not thick.

Pollen, collection of, 351.

Pollen, mode of collecting and transferring from limb to limb, 43.
probable reasons for the ways of carrying, 47.
quantity usually collected, 360.

Polliniferous, = pollen-collecting.

Posterior legs, their structure for the conveyance of pollen, 46.
where attached, 46.

Post-scutellum, 26, 45.

Priority, law of, the basis of synonymy, 131.

Proboscis, 39.

Process, a protuberance.

Processes in bees, peculiarities of, 258.

Propolis, nature of, 340.

Prosopis emits an agreeable odour, 195.
general observations upon, 193.
geography of, 65.
list of native species, 192.
presumed parasitism of, 193.
scientific description of, 191.
supposed liable to Stylops, 195.

Prothorax, 26, 41.

Pubescent, covered with short fine hair.

Pubescent, hirsute, setose, pilose, plumose, various relative
conditions of hairiness.

Pulvillus, 42.

Punctate, impressed with many points.

Punctulate, with fine impressed points.

Punctured, with coarsely impressed points.

Pupa of bees, 22.

Queen-bee, administrative function of, 336.
and worker constitute a unity, 331.
description of, 322.
etiquette of attendants, 329.

Queen-bee, great fertility of, 334.
loss of, disorganizes the hive, 335.
number of eggs laid by, 346.

Ray’s merits, 142.

Réaumur’s description of the mode of lapping honey, 35.
description of the structure of the tongue, 35.

Recurrent nervures of wings, 45.

Retuse, with an obtuse cavity.

Ridged, with a slight projecting margin.

Rugose, rough or irregularly wrinkled.

St. Fargeau’s merits, 151.

Sanskrit notice of bees and honey, 92.

Saropoda, general observations, 243.
geography of, 71.
native species of, 243.
rapidity of flight, 245.
scientific description of, 242.
vivacity of its eyes, 244.

Scape of antennæ, 28.

Scent emitted by bees, 52.

Scientific arrangement and description of the genera, 184.
principles of, 118.
cultivation of British bees, 142.

Scopulipedes = brush-legged bees, 163, 227.

Sculpture, 60.

Scutellum, 26, 45.

Senses of bees, 56.

Sensorium of bees, 55.

Serrate, edged like a saw.

Serratulate, edged like a fine saw.

Setæ, slightish bristles.

Setiform, like bristles.

Setose, bristled.

Shakespeare on the polity of the bee, 1.

Shemitic branch of the human race, 4.

Sight of bees, 56.

Simple eyes = ocelli = stemmata, 26, 27.

Sinus, a cavity.

Sitos, the supporter of a parasitical bee.

Sizes, differences of, what caused by, 41.

Smell of bees, 56.

Social bees = Cenobites, 302.

Species, 122.
name of, 128.
the basis of natural science, 121.
vary in number of individuals, 123.

Specific character, 124.
descriptions, 125.
differences, 123.

Sphecodes, difficulty of specific distinction in, 198.
doubts as to its parasitism, 199.
general observations on, 197.
geography of, 66.
list of native species, 197.
scientific description of, 196.

Spines at apex of abdomen of bees, 268.

Spinose, with minute spiny processes.

Spinulose, with fine spiny processes.

Spiral hair of the scopa, 226, 229.

Spurs, 42.

Squamulæ = epaulettes = wing-scales, 26, 44.

State of Great Britain before the glacial period, 5.

Stelis, general observations on, 263.
geography of, 73.
infests Osmia, 302.
list of native species, 263.
scientific description of, 262.

Stemmata = simple eyes = ocelli, 26, 27.

Stephens, inferior merit of his system, 152.

Strepsiptera parasitical on bees, 111.

Strigilis, 42.

Structure and habits correlative, 24.
of the body of the bee, 25.
similarity of, caused by direct and proximate affinities, 48.

Stylops infests Andrena, 208.
infests Halictus, 219.
Kirby’s description of, 112.
manners of, described by Thwaites, 114.
some particulars of its history, 208.

Sub, a prefix indicating the diminution of a condition, as subhastate,
subovate, subtruncate, etc. etc.

Submarginal cells of wings, 45.

Swarming, 358.

Synonymy, 130.

System, value of, 119.

Tarsus of fore legs in some males greatly dilated, 43.
or foot, 41.

Taste of bees, 56.

Thorax, 26, 41.

Tibia, or shank, 41.

Tomb at Thebes with representation of a beehive, 6.

Tongue improperly called labium, 34.
of Andrenidæ folded in repose, 39.
of Apidæ folded in repose, 39.
once thought tubular, 34.
where situated, description of it, 33.

Topical geography of British bees, 96.

Tooth, a long sharp process.

Toothed, spinose, spinulose, tuberculated, mucronated, dentate, the
various conditions of extraneous prominences or processes.

Transformations of worker bee, 347.
of the drone, 356.
of the Queen, 357.

Transverso-cubital nervures of wings, 45.

Travellers, suggestions to, 64, 95.

Trifid, divided into three parts.

Trivial name, 128.

Trochanter, 41.

Trophi = organs of the mouth, 26, 29.
diagram of, 30.

Truncated, abruptly terminated.

Tuberculated, with small processes.

Turonian branch of the human race, 4.

Uses of bees in the impregnation of plants, 11.

Vedas mention bees, 6.

Velum, 42.

Ventilation of the hives, 328.

Ventral segments, peculiarities of structure of, 234.

Vernacular names of insects, 9.

Vertex, 26.

Vertigo of bees, 87.

Voice of bees, 49.

Wagtails destroy fossorial Hymenoptera, 306.

Wax, secretion of, 325.

Wax used by the Romans, 85.

Westwood’s classification not adopted, 168.

Wild bees, 8.
come forth early in the spring, 10.

Will of bees, 56.

Willughby’s merits, 143.

Wing, treatise on the, 45.

Wing-hooklets for uniting the upper and lower wings, 45.

Wing-scales = squamulæ, 26.

Wings, 44.
diagram of, 45.

Worker bee, description of, 324.
duties performed by, 325.
peculiarities of structure, 330.
secretion of wax, 325.

Xenophon’s description of poisonous honey, 86.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE I.

1 ♂. Colletes Daviesiana, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Prosopis dilatata, _male_.
2 ♀. Prosopis signata, _female_.
3 ♂. Sphecodes gibbus, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE II.

1 ♂. Andrena fulva, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Andrena cineraria, _male_.
2 ♀. " " _female_.
3 ♂. Andrena nitida, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE III.

1 ♂. Andrena Rosæ, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Andrena longipes, _male_.
2 ♀. " " _female_.
3 ♂.Andrena cingulata, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE IV.

1 ♂. Halictus xanthopus, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Halictus flavipes, _male_.
2 ♀. " " _female_.
3 ♂. Halictus minutissimus, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE V.

1 ♂. Cilissa tricincta, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Macropis labiata, _male_.
2 ♀. " " _female_.
3 ♂. Dasypoda hirtipes, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE VI.

1 ♂. Panurgus Banksianus, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Eucera longicornis, _male_.
2 ♀. " " _female_.
3 ♂. Anthophora retusa, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE VII.

1 ♂. Anthophora furcata, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Saropoda bimaculata, _male_.
2 ♀. " " _female_.
3 ♂. Ceratina cærulea, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE VIII.

1 ♂. Nomada Goodeniana, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Nomada Lathburiana, _male_.
2 ♀. " " _female_.
3 ♂. Nomada sexfasciata, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE IX.

1 ♂. Nomada signata, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Nomada Fabriciana, _male_.
2 ♀. " " _female_.
3 ♂. Nomada flavoguttata, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE X.

1 ♂. Nomada Jacobææ, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Nomada Solidaginis, _male_.
2 ♂* (should be ♀). " _female_.
3 ♂. Nomada lateralis, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE XI.

1 ♂. Melecta punctata, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Epeolus variegatus, _male_.
2 ♀. " " _female_.
3 ♂. Stelis phæoptera, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE XII.

1 ♂. Cœlioxys Vectis, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Megachile maritima, _male_.
2 ♀. " " _female_.
3 ♂. Megachile argentata, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE XIII.

1 ♂. Anthidium manicatum, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Chelostoma florisomne, _male_.
2 ♀. " " _female_.
3 ♂. Heriades truncorum, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE XIV.

1 ♂. Osmia bicolor, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂. Anthocopa Papaveris, _male_.
2 ♀. " " _female_.
3 ♂. Osmia leucomelana, _male_.
3 ♀. " " _female_.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

PLATE XV.

1 ♂. Apathus rupestris, _male_.
1 ♀. " " _female_.
2 ♂ (should be ♀). Apathus campestris, _female_.
2 ♀. Apathus vestalis, _female_.
3 ♀. Bombus fragrans, _female_.
4 ♂. " Soroensis (var. Burrellanus), _male_.

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PLATE XVI.

1 ♀. Bombus Harrisellus, _female_.
2 ♀. " Lapponicus, _female_.
3 ♀. " sylvarum, _female_.
4 ♂. Apis mellifica, _male_.
4 ♀. " " _female_.
4 ⚲. " " _neuter_.

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LOVELL REEVE & CO.’S

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Botany, Conchology, Entomology,

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LONDON:
LOVELL REEVE AND CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

1866.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

CONTENTS.

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PAGE
BOTANY 3
FERNS AND MOSSES 9
SEAWEEDS 10
FUNGI 11
SHELLS AND MOLLUSKS 12
INSECTS 14
TRAVELS 15
ANTIQUARIAN 16
MISCELLANEOUS 18
WORKS IN PREPARATION 19

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on receipt of a remittance for the published price._

_Post-Office Orders to be made payable at_ KING
STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

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LIST OF WORKS
PUBLISHED BY
LOVELL REEVE & CO.

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BOTANY.

---

HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA; a Description of the Flowering Plants
and Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in, the British Isles. For
the Use of Beginners and Amateurs. By GEORGE BENTHAM, F.R.S.,
President of the Linnean Society. Crown 8vo, 680 pp., 12_s_.

Distinguished for its terse and clear style of description; for the introduction of a system of Analytical Keys, which enable the student to determine the family and genus of a plant at once by the observation of its more striking characters; and for the valuable information here given for the first time of the geographical range of each species in foreign countries.

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HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA, ILLUSTRATED EDITION; a Description
(with a Wood-Engraving, including dissections, of each species) of
the Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in,
the British Isles. By GEORGE BENTHAM, F.R.S., President of the
Linnean Society. Demy 8vo, 2 vols., 1154, pp. 1295
Wood-Engravings, from Original Drawings by W. Fitch. £3. 10_s_.

An illustrated edition of the foregoing Work, in which every species is accompanied by an elaborate Wood-Engraving of the Plant, with dissections of its leading structural peculiarities.

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THE FIELD BOTANIST’S COMPANION; a Familiar Account, in the Four
Seasons, of the most common of the Wild Flowering Plants of the
British Isles. By THOMAS MOORE, F.L.S. One volume, Demy 8vo, 424
pp.. With 24 Coloured Plates, by W. FITCH, 21_s_.

An elegantly-illustrated volume, intended for Beginners, describing the plants most readily gathered in our fields and hedge-rows, with the progress of the seasons. Dissections of the parts of the flowers are introduced among the Figures, so that an insight may be readily obtained not only of the Species and name of each plant, but of its structure and characters of classification.

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CURTIS’S BOTANICAL MAGAZINE, comprising the Plants of the Royal
Gardens of Kew, and of other Botanical Establishments. By Dr. J.
D. HOOKER, F.R.S., Director of the Royal Gardens. Royal 8vo.
Published Monthly, with 6 Plates, 3_s_. 6_d_. coloured. Vol. XXII.
of the Third Series (being Vol. XCII. of the entire work) in
course of publication. A Complete Set from the commencement may be
had.

Descriptions and Drawings, beautifully coloured by hand, of newly-discovered plants suitable for cultivation in the Garden, Hothouse, or Conservatory.

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THE FLORAL MAGAZINE, containing Figures and Descriptions of New
Popular Garden Flowers. By the Rev. H. HONYWOOD DOMBRAIN, A.B.
Imperial 8vo. Published Monthly, with 4 Plates, 2_s_. 6_d_.
coloured. Vol. I. to IV., each with 64 plates, £2. 2_s_.

Descriptions and Drawings, beautifully coloured by hand, of new varieties of Flowers raised by the nurserymen for cultivation in the Garden, Hothouse, or Conservatory.

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THE TOURIST’S FLORA; a Descriptive Catalogue of the Flowering Plants
and Ferns of the British Islands, France, Germany, Switzerland,
Italy, and the Italian Islands. By JOSEPH WOODS, F.L.S. Demy 8vo,
504 pp., 18_s_.

Designed to enable the lover of botany to determine the names of any wild plants he may meet with while journeying in our own country and the countries of the Continent most frequented by tourists. The author’s aim has been to make the descriptions clear and distinct, and to comprise them within a volume of not inconvenient bulk.

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CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE FLORA OF MENTONE. By J. TRAHERNE MOGGRIDGE. Royal
8vo. Parts I. and II., each, 25 Coloured Plates, 15_s_.

In this work a full page is devoted to the illustration of each Species, the drawings being made by the author from specimens collected by him on the spot, and they exhibit in vivid colours the beautiful aspect which many of our wild flowers assume south of the Alps.

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A FLORA OF ULSTER, AND BOTANIST’S GUIDE TO THE NORTH OF IRELAND. By G.
DICKIE, M.D., F.L.S., Professor of Botany in the University of
Aberdeen. A pocket volume, pp. 176, 3_s_.

A small volume, not exclusively of local interest, containing, as it does, much valuable information relative to the geographical and altitudinal range of the Species.

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A SECOND CENTURY OF ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS, selected from the subjects
published in Curtis’ ‘Botanical Magazine’ since the issue of the
‘First Century.’ Edited by JAMES BATEMAN, Esq., F.R.S. Royal 4to.
Parts I. to III., each with 10 Coloured Plates, 10_s_. 6_d_., now
ready.

During the fifteen years that have elapsed since the publication of the ‘Century of Orchidaceous Plants,’ now out of print, the ‘Botanical Magazine’ has been the means of introducing to the public nearly two hundred of this favourite tribe of plants not hitherto described and figured, or very imperfectly so. It is intended from these to select “a Second Century,” and the descriptions, written at the time of publication by Sir W. J. Hooker, will be edited, and in many cases re-written, agreeably with the present more advanced state of our knowledge and experience in the cultivation of Orchidaceous plants, by Mr. Bateman, the acknowledged successor of Dr. Lindley as the leading authority in this department of botany and horticulture.

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MONOGRAPH OF ODONTOGLOSSUM, a Genus of the Vandeous Section of
Orchidaceous Plants. By JAMES BATEMAN, Esq., F.R.S. Imperial
folio, Parts I. to III., each with 5 Coloured Plates, and
occasional Wood-Engravings, 21_s_.

Designed for the illustration, on an unusually magnificent scale, of the new and beautiful plants of this favoured genus of _Orchidacea_, which are being now imported from the mountain-chains of Mexico, Central America, New Granada, and Peru.

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SELECT ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS. By ROBERT WARNER, F.R.H.S. With Notes on
Culture by B. S. WILLIAMS. In Ten Parts, folio, each, with 4
Coloured Plates, 12_s_. 6_d_.; or, complete in one vol., cloth
gilt, £6. 6_s_.

Second Series, Part I., 3 Coloured Plates, 10_s_. 6_d_.

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PESCATOREA. Figures of Orchidaceous Plants, chiefly from the
Collection of M. PESCATORE. Edited by M. LINDEN, with the
assistance of MM. G. LUDDEMAN, J. E. PLANCHON, and M. G.
REICHENBACH. Folio, 48 Coloured Plates, cloth, with morocco back,
£5. 5_s_., or whole morocco, elegant, £6. 6_s_.

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THE RHODODENDRONS OF SIKKIM-HIMALAYA; being an Account, Botanical and
Geographical, of the Rhododendrons recently discovered in the
Mountains of Eastern Himalaya, from Drawings and Descriptions made
on the spot, by Dr. J. D. Hooker, F.R.S. By Sir W. J. HOOKER,
F.R.S. Folio, 30 Coloured Plates, £3. 16_s_.

Illustrations on a superb scale of the new Sikkim Rhododendrons, now being cultivated in England, accompanied by copious observations on their distribution and habits.

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GENERA PLANTARUM, ad Exemplaria imprimis in Herbariis Kewensibus
servata definita. By GEORGE BENTHAM, F.R.S., President of the
Linnean Society, and Dr. J. D. HOOKER, F.R.S., Assistant-Director
of the Royal Gardens, Kew. Vol. I. Part I. pp. 454. Royal 8vo,
21_s_. Part II., 14_s_.

This important work comprehends an entire revision and reconstruction of the Genera of Plants. Unlike the famous Genera Plantarum of Endlicher, which is now out of print, it is founded on a personal study of every genus by one or both authors. The First Part contains 56 Natural Orders and 1287 Genera. The Second, now printing, will contain as many more. The whole will be completed in Four or Five Parts.

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FLORA OF THE ANTARCTIC ISLANDS; being Part I. of the Botany of the
Antarctic Voyage of H.M. Discovery Ships ‘Erebus’ and ‘Terror,’ in
the years 1839-1843. By Dr. J. D. HOOKER, F.R.S. Royal 4to. 2
vols., 574 pp., 200 Plates, £10. 15_s_. coloured. Published under
the authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty.

The ‘Flora Antarctica’ illustrates the Botany of the southern districts of South America and the various Antarctic Islands, as the Falklands, Kerguelen’s Land, Lord Auckland and Campbell’s Island, and 1370 species are enumerated and described. The plates, which are executed by Mr. Fitch, and beautifully coloured, illustrate 370 species, including a vast number of exquisite forms of Mosses and Seaweeds.

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FLORA OF NEW ZEALAND; being Part II. of the Botany of the Antarctic
Voyage of H.M. Discovery Ships ‘Erebus’ and ‘Terror,’ in the years
1839-1843. By Dr. J. D. HOOKER, F.R.S. Royal 4to, 2 vols., 733
pp., 130 Plates. £16. 16_s_. coloured. Published under the
authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty.

The ‘Flora of New Zealand’ contains detailed descriptions of all the plants, flowering and flowerless, of that group of Islands, collected by the Author during Sir James Ross’ Antarctic Expedition; including also the collections of Cook’s three voyages, Vancouver’s voyages, etc., and most of them previously unpublished. The species described amount to 1767; and of the Plates, which illustrate 313 Species, many are devoted to the Mosses, Ferns, and Algæ, in which these Islands abound.

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FLORA OF TASMANIA; being Part III. of the Botany of the Antarctic
Voyage of H.M. Discovery Ships ‘Erebus’ and ‘Terror,’ in the years
1839-1843. By Dr. J. D. HOOKER, F.R.S. Royal 4to, 2 vols., 972
pp., 200 Plates, £17. 10_s_., coloured. Published under the
authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty.

The ‘Flora of Tasmania’ describes all the Plants, flowering and flowerless, of that Island, consisting of 2203 Species, collected by the Author and others. The Plates, of which there are 200, illustrate 412 Species.

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HANDBOOK OF THE NEW ZEALAND FLORA; a Systematic Description of the
Native Plants of New Zealand, and the Chatham, Kermadec’s, Lord
Auckland’s, Campbell’s, and Macquarrie’s Islands. By Dr. J. D.
HOOKER, F.R.S. Demy 8vo, Part I., 475 pp., 16_s_. Published under
the auspices of the Government of that colony. [_Part II. in the
Press._

A compendious account of the plants of New Zealand and outlying islands, published under the authority of the Government of that colony. The present Part contains the Flowering Plants, Ferns, and Lycopods; the Second Part, containing the remaining Orders of _Cryptogamia_, or Flowerless Plants, with Index and Catalogues of Native Names and of Naturalized Plants, will appear shortly.

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FLORA AUSTRALIENSIS; a Description of the Plants of the Australian
Territory. By GEORGE BENTHAM, F.R.S., President of the Linnean
Society, assisted by FERDINAND MUELLER, F.R.S., Government
Botanist, Melbourne, Victoria. Demy 8vo. Vol. I. 566 pp., and vol.
II. 530 pp., 20_s_. each. Published under the auspices of the
several Governments of Australia. [_Vol. III. nearly ready._

Of this great undertaking, the present volumes, of more than a thousand closely-printed pages, comprise about one-fourth. The materials are derived not only from the vast collections of Australian plants brought to this country by various botanical travellers, and preserved in the herbaria of Kew and of the British Museum, including those hitherto unpublished of Banks and Solander, of Captain Cook’s first Voyage, and of Brown in Flinders’, but from the very extensive and more recently collected specimens preserved in the Government Herbarium of Melbourne, under the superintendence of Dr. Ferdinand Mueller. The descriptions are written in plain English, and are masterpieces of accuracy and clearness.

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FLORA HONGKONGENSIS; a Description of the Flowering Plants and Ferns
of the Island of Hongkong. By GEORGE BENTHAM, P.L.S. With a Map of
the Island. Demy 8vo, 550 pp., 16_s_. Published under the
authority of Her Majesty’s Secretary of State for the Colonies.

The Island of Hongkong, though occupying an area of scarcely thirty square miles, is characterized by an extraordinarily varied Flora, partaking, however, of that of South Continental China, of which comparatively little is known. The number of Species enumerated in the present volume is 1056, derived chiefly from materials collected by Mr. Hinds, Col. Champion, Dr. Hance, Dr. Harland, Mr. Wright, and Mr. Wilford.

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FLORA OF THE BRITISH WEST INDIAN ISLANDS. By Dr. GRISEBACH, F.L.S.
Demy 8vo, 806 pp., 37_s_. 6_d_. Published under the auspices of
the Secretary of State for the Colonies.

Containing complete systematic descriptions of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the British West Indian Islands, accompanied by an elaborate index of reference, and a list of Colonial names.

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FLORA VITIENSIS; a Description of the Plants of the Viti or Fiji
Islands, with an Account of their History, Uses, and Properties.
By Dr. BERTHOLD SEEMANN, F.L.S. Royal 4to, Parts I. to IV. each,
10 Coloured Plates, 15_s_. To be completed in 10 Parts.

This work owes its origin to the Government Mission to Viti, to which the author was attached as naturalist. In addition to the specimens collected, the author has investigated all the Polynesian collections of Plants brought to this country by various botanical explorers since the voyage of Captain Cook.

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ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE NUEVA QUINOLOGIA OF PAVON, with Observations on
the Barks described. By J. E. HOWARD, F.L.S. With 27 Coloured
Plates by W. FITCH. Imperial folio, half-morocco, gilt edges, £6.
6_s_.

A superbly-coloured volume, illustrative of the most recent researches of Pavon and his associates among the Cinchona Barks of Peru.

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ILLUSTRATIONS OF SIKKIM-HIMALAYAN PLANTS, chiefly selected from
Drawings made in Sikkim, under the superintendence of the late J.
F. CATHCART, Esq., Bengal Civil Service. The Botanical
Descriptions and Analyses by Dr. J. D. HOOKER, F.R.S. Imperial
folio, 24 Coloured Plates and an Illuminated Title-page by W.
FITCH, £5. 5_s_.

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VICTORIA REGIA; or, Illustrations of the Royal Water Lily, in a series
of Figures chiefly made from Specimens flowering at Syon and at
Kew, by W. FITCH, with Descriptions by Sir W. J. HOOKER, F.R.S.
Elephant folio, 21_s_.

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THE LONDON JOURNAL OF BOTANY. Original Papers by eminent Botanists,
Letters from Botanical Travellers, etc. Vol. VII., completing the
Series. Demy 8vo, 23 Plates, 30_s_.

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JOURNAL OF BOTANY AND KEW MISCELLANY. Original Papers by eminent
Botanists, Letters from Botanical Travellers, etc. Edited by Sir
W. J. HOOKER, F.R.S. Vols. IV. to IX., Demy 8vo, 12 Plates, £1.
4_s_. A Complete Set of 9 vols., half-calf, _scarce_, £10. 16_s_.

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ICONES PLANTARUM. Figures, with brief Descriptive Characters and
Remarks, of New and Rare Plants, selected from the Author’s
Herbarium. By Sir W. J. HOOKER, F.R.S. New Series, Vol. V., Royal
8vo, 100 plates, 31_s_. 6_d_.

FERNS AND MOSSES.

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THE BRITISH FERNS; or, Coloured Figures and Descriptions, with the
needful Analyses of the Fructification and Venation, of the Ferns
of Great Britain and Ireland, systematically arranged. By Sir W.
J. HOOKER, F.R.S. Royal 8vo, 66 Plates, £2. 2_s_.

The British Ferns and their allies are illustrated in this work, from the pencil of Mr. FITCH. Each Species has a Plate to itself, so that there is ample room for the details, on a magnified scale, of Fructification and Venation. The whole are delicately coloured by hand. In the letterpress an interesting account is given with each species of its geographical distribution in other countries.

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GARDEN FERNS; or, Coloured Figures and Descriptions, with the needful
Analyses of the Fructification and Venation, of a Selection of
Exotic Ferns, adapted for Cultivation in the Garden, Hothouse, and
Conservatory. By Sir W. J. HOOKER, F.R.S. Royal 8vo, 64 Plates,
£2. 2_s_.

A companion volume to the preceding, for the use of those who take an interest in the cultivation of some of the more beautiful and remarkable varieties of Exotic Ferns. Here also each Species has a Plate to itself, and the details of Fructification and Venation are given on a magnified scale, the Drawings being from the pencil of Mr. FITCH.

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FILICES EXOTICÆ; or, Coloured Figures and Description of Exotic Ferns,
chiefly of such as are cultivated in the Royal Gardens of Kew. By
Sir W. J. HOOKER, F.R.S. Royal 4to, 100 Plates, £6. 11_s_.

One of the most superbly illustrated books of Foreign Ferns that has been hitherto produced. The Species are selected both on account of their beauty of form, singular structure, and their suitableness for cultivation.

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FERNY COMBES; a Ramble after Ferns in the Glens and Valleys of
Devonshire. By CHARLOTTE CHANTER. _Second Edition._ Fcp. 8vo, 8
coloured plates by Fitch, and a Map of the County, 5_s_.

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HANDBOOK OF BRITISH MOSSES, containing all that are known to be
Natives of the British Isles. By the Rev. M. J. BERKELEY, M.A.,
F.L.S. Demy 8vo, pp. 360, 24 Coloured Plates, 21_s_.

A very complete Manual, comprising characters of all the species, with the circumstances of habitation of each; with special chapters on development and structure, propagation, fructification, geographical distribution, uses, and modes of collecting and preserving, followed by an extensive series of coloured illustrations, in which the essential portions of the plant are repeated, in every case on a magnified scale.

SEAWEEDS.

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PHYCOLOGIA BRITANNICA; or, History of British Seaweeds, containing
Coloured Figures, Generic and Specific Characters, Synonyms and
Descriptions of all the Species of Algæ inhabiting the Shores of
the British Islands. By Dr. W. H. HARVEY, F.R.S. Royal 8vo, 4
vols., 765 pp., 360 Coloured Plates, £6. 6_s_. Reissue in Monthly
Parts, each 2_s_. 6_d_.

This work, originally published in 1851, at the price of £7. 10_s_., is still the standard work on the subject of which it treats. Each Species, excepting the minute ones, has a Plate to itself, with magnified portions of structure and fructification, the whole being printed in their natural colours, finished by hand.

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SYNOPSIS OF BRITISH SEAWEEDS, compiled from Dr. Harvey’s ‘PHYCOLOGIA
BRITANNICA.’ Small 8vo, 220 pp., 5_s_.

A Descriptive Catalogue of all the British Seaweeds, condensed from the ‘Phycologia Britannica.’ It comprises the characters, synonyms, habitats, and general observations, forming an extremely useful pocket volume of reference.

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PHYCOLOGIA AUSTRALICA; a History of Australian Seaweeds, comprising
Coloured Figures and Descriptions of the more characteristic
Marine Algæ of New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South
Australia and Western Australia, and a Synopsis of all known
Australian Algæ. By Dr. HARVEY, F.R.S. Royal 8vo, 5 vols., 300
Coloured Plates, £7. 13_s_.

This beautiful work, the result of an arduous personal exploration of the shores of the Australian continent, is got up in the style of the ‘Phycologia Britannica’ by the same author. Each Species has a Plate to itself, with ample magnified delineations of fructification and structure, embodying a variety of most curious and remarkable forms.

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NEREIS AUSTRALIS; or, Algæ of the Southern Ocean, being Figures and
Descriptions of Marine Plants collected on the Shores of the Cape
of Good Hope, the extra-tropical Australian Colonies, Tasmania,
New Zealand, and the Antarctic Regions. By Dr. HARVEY, F.R.S.
Imperial 8vo, 50 Coloured Plates, £2. 2_s_.

A selection of Fifty Species of remarkable forms of Seaweed, not included in the ‘Phycologia Australica,’ collected over a wider area.

FUNGI.

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OUTLINES OF BRITISH FUNGOLOGY, containing Characters of above a
Thousand Species of Fungi, and a Complete List of all that have
been described as Natives of the British Isles. By the Rev. M. J.
BERKELEY, M.A., F.L.S. Demy 8vo, 484 pp., 24 Coloured Plates,
30_s_.

Although entitled simply ‘Outlines,’ this is a good-sized volume, of nearly 500 pages, illustrated with more than 200 Figures of British Fungi, all carefully coloured by hand. Of above a thousand Species the characters are given, and a complete list of the names of all the rest.

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THE ESCULENT FUNGUSES OF ENGLAND. Containing an Account of their
Classical History, Uses, Characters, Development, Structure,
Nutritious Properties, Modes of Cooking and Preserving, etc. By C.
D. BADHAM, M.D. Second Edition. Edited by F. CURREY, F.R.S. Demy
8vo, 152 pp., 12 Coloured Plates, 12_s_.

A lively classical treatise, written with considerable epigrammatic humour, with the view of showing that we have upwards of 30 Species of Fungi abounding in our woods capable of affording nutritious and savoury food, but which, from ignorance or prejudice, are left to perish ungathered. “I have indeed grieved,” says the Author, “when reflecting on the straitened condition of the lower orders, to see pounds of extempore beefsteaks growing on our oaks, in the shape of _Fistulina hepatica_; Puff-balls, which some have not inaptly compared to sweetbread; _Hydna_, as good as oysters; and _Agaricus deliciosus_, reminding us of tender lamb-kidney.” Superior coloured Figures of the Species are given from the pencil of Mr. Fitch.

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ILLUSTRATIONS OF BRITISH MYCOLOGY, comprising Figures and Descriptions
of the Funguses of interest and novelty indigenous to Britain. By
Mrs. T. J. HUSSEY. Royal 4to; First Series, 90 Coloured Plates,
£7. 12_s_. 6_d_.; Second Series, 50 Coloured Plates, £4. 10_s_.

This beautifully-illustrated work is the production of a lady who, being an accomplished artist, occupied the leisure of many years in accumulating a portfolio of exquisite drawings of the more attractive forms and varieties of British Fungi. The publication was brought to an end with the 140th Plate by her sudden decease. The Figures are mostly of the natural size, carefully coloured by hand.

SHELLS AND MOLLUSKS.

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ELEMENTS OF CONCHOLOGY; an Introduction to the Natural History of
Shells, and of the Animals which form them. By LOVELL REEVE,
F.L.S. Royal 8vo, 2 vols., 478 pp., 62 Coloured Plates, £2. 16_s_.

Intended as a guide to the collector of shells in arranging and naming his specimens, while at the same time inducing him to study them with reference to their once living existence, geographical distribution, and habits. Forty-six of the plates are devoted to the illustration of the genera of shells, and sixteen to shells with the living animal, all beautifully coloured by hand.

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THE LAND AND FRESHWATER MOLLUSKS indigenous to, or naturalized in, the
British Isles. By LOVELL REEVE, F.L.S. Crown 8vo, 295 pp., Map,
and 160 Wood-Engravings, 10_s_. 6_d_.

A complete history of the British Land and Freshwater Shells, and of the Animals which form them, illustrated by Wood-Engravings of all the Species. Other features of the work are an Analytical Key, showing at a glance the natural groups of families and genera, copious Tables and a Map illustrative of geographical distribution and habits, and a chapter on the Distribution and Origin of Species.

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CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA; or, Figures and Descriptions of the Shells of
Mollusks, with remarks on their Affinities, Synonymy, and
Geographical Distribution. BY LOVELL REEVE, F.L.S. Demy 4to,
published monthly in Parts, 8 Plates, carefully coloured by hand,
10_s_.

Of this work, comprising illustrations of Shells of the natural size, nearly 2000 Plates are published, but the plan of publication admits of the collector purchasing it at his option in portions, each of which is complete in itself. Each genus, as the work progresses, is issued separately, with Title and Index; and an Alphabetical List of the published genera, with the prices annexed, may be procured of the publishers on application. The system of nomenclature adopted is that of Lamarck, modified to meet the exigencies of later discoveries. With the name of each species is given a summary of its leading specific characters in Latin and English; then the authority for the name is quoted, accompanied by a reference to its original description; and next in order are its Synonyms. The habitat of the species is next given, accompanied, where possible, by particulars of soil, depth, or vegetation. Finally, a few general remarks are offered, calling attention to the most obvious distinguishing peculiarities of the species, with criticisms, where necessary, on the views of other writers. At the commencement of the genus some notice is taken of the animal, and the habitats of the species are worked up into a general summary of the geographical distribution of the genus.

CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA IN MONOGRAPHS.

Genera. Plates. £. _s_. _d_.
ACHATINA 23 1 9 0
ACHATINELLA 6 0 8 0
ADAMSIELLA 2 0 3 0
AMPHIDESMA 7 0 9 0
AMPULLARIA 28 1 15 6
ANASTOMA 1 0 1 6
ANATINA 4 0 5 6
ANCILLARIA 12 0 15 6
ANCULOTUS 6 0 8 0
ANOMIA 8 0 10 6
ARCA 17 1 1 6
ARGONAUTA 4 0 5 6
ARTEMIS 10 0 13 0
ASPERGILLUM 4 0 5 6
AVICULA 18 1 3 0
BUCCINUM 14 0 18 0
BULIMUS 89 5 12 0
BULLIA 4 0 5 6
CALYPTRÆA 8 0 10 6
CANCELLARIA 18 1 3 0
CAPSA 1 0 1 6
CAPSELLA 2 0 3 0
CARDITA 9 0 11 6
CARDIUM 22 1 8 0
CARINARIA 1 0 1 6
CASSIDARIA 1 0 1 6
CASSIS 12 0 15 6
CERITHIUM 20 1 5 6
CHAMA 9 0 11 6
CHAMOSTREA 1 0 1 6
CHITON 33 2 2 0
CHITONELLUS 1 0 1 6
CHONDROPOMA 11 0 14 0
CIRCE 10 0 13 0
COLUMBELLA 37 2 7 0
CONCHOLEPAS 2 0 3 0
CONUS 56 3 11 0
CORBULA 5 0 6 6
CRANIA 1 0 1 6
CRASSATELLA 3 0 4 0
CRENATULA 2 0 3 0
CREPIDULA 5 0 6 6
CRUCIBULUM 7 0 9 0
CYCLOPHORUS 20 1 5 6
CYCLOSTOMA 23 1 9 0
CYCLOTUS 9 0 11 6
CYMBIUM 26 1 13 0
CYPRÆA 27 1 14 6
CYPRICARDIA 2 0 3 0
CYTHEREA 10 0 13 0
DELPHINULA 5 0 6 6
DIONE 12 0 15 6
DOLIUM 8 0 10 6
DONAX 9 0 11 6
EBURNA 1 0 1 6
ERATO 3 0 4 0
EULIMA 6 0 8 0
FASCIOLARIA 7 0 9 0
FICULA 1 0 1 6
FISSURELLA 16 1 0 6
FUSUS 21 1 6 6
GLAUCONOME 1 0 1 6
HALIA 1 0 1 6
HALIOTIS 17 1 1 6
HARPA 4 0 5 6
HELIX 210 13 5 0
HEMIPECTEN 1 0 1 6
HEMISINUS 6 0 8 0
HINNITES 1 0 1 6
HIPPOPUS 1 0 1 6
IANTHINA 5 0 6 6
IO 3 0 4 0
ISOCARDIA 1 0 1 6
LEPTOPOMA 8 0 10 6
LINGULA 2 0 3 0
LITHODOMUS 5 0 6 6
LITTORINA 18 1 3 0
LUCINA 11 0 14 0
LUTRARIA 5 0 6 6
MACTRA 21 1 6 6
MALLEUS 3 0 4 0
MANGELIA 8 0 10 6
MARGINELLA 27 1 14 6
MELANIA 59 3 14 6
MELANOPSIS 3 0 4 0
MELATOMA 3 0 4 0
MEROE 3 0 4 0
MESALIA & EGLISIA 1 0 1 6
MESODESMA 4 0 5 6
META 1 0 1 6
MITRA 39 2 9 6
MODIOLA 11 0 14 0
MONOCEROS 4 0 5 6
MUREX 37 2 7 0
MYADORA 1 0 1 6
MYOCHAMA 1 0 1 6
MYTILUS 11 0 14 0
NASSA 29 1 17 0
NATICA 30 1 18 0
NAUTILUS 6 0 8 0
NAVICELLA & LATIA 8 0 10 6
NERITA 19 1 4 0
NERITINA 37 2 7 0
OLIVA 30 1 18 0
ONISCIA 1 0 1 6
ORBICULA 1 0 1 6
OVULUM 14 0 18 0
PALUDINA 11 0 14 0
PALUDOMUS 3 0 4 0
PARTULA 4 0 5 6
PATELLA 42 2 13 0
PECTEN 35 2 4 6
PECTUNCULUS 9 0 11 6
PEDUM 1 0 1 6
PERNA 6 0 8 0
PHASIANELLA 6 0 8 0
PHORUS 3 0 4 0
PINNA 34 2 3 0
PIRENA 2 0 3 0
PLACUNANOMIA 3 0 4 0
PLEUROTOMA 40 2 10 6
PSAMMOBIA 8 0 10 6
PSAMMOTELLA 1 0 1 6
PTEROCERA 6 0 8 0
PTEROCYCLOS 5 0 6 6
PURPURA 13 0 16 6
PYRAMIDELLA 6 0 8 0
PYRULA 9 0 11 6
RANELLA 8 0 10 6
RICINULA 6 0 8 0
ROSTELLARIA 3 0 4 6
SANGUINOLARIA 1 0 1 6
SCARABUS 3 0 4 0
SIGARETUS 5 0 6 6
SIMPULOPSIS 2 0 3 0
SIPHONARIA 7 0 9 0
SOLARIUM 3 0 4 0
SOLETELLINA 4 0 5 6
SPONDYLUS 18 1 3 0
STROMBUS 19 1 4 0
STRUTHIOLARIA 1 0 1 6
TAPES 13 0 16 6
TELESCOPIUM 1 0 1 6
TEREBRA 27 1 14 6
TEREBELLUM 1 0 1 6
TEREBRATULA & RYNCHONELLA 11 0 14 0
THRACIA 3 0 4 0
TORNATELLA 4 0 5 6
TRIDACNA 8 0 10 6
TRIGONIA 1 0 1 6
TRITON 20 1 5 6
TROCHITA 3 0 4 0
TROCHUS 16 1 0 6
TUGONIA 1 0 1 6
TURBINELLA 13 0 16 6
TURBO 13 0 16 6
TURRITELLA 11 0 14 0
UMBRELLA 1 0 1 6
VENUS 26 1 13 0
VERTAGUS 5 0 6 6
VITRINA 10 0 13 0
VOLUTA 22 1 8 0
VULSELLA 2 0 3 0
ZIZYPHINUS 8 0 10 6

--------------

CONCHOLOGIA SYSTEMATICA; or, Complete System of Conchology. By LOVELL
REEVE, F.L.S. Demy 4to, 2 vols. pp. 537, 300 Plates, £8. 8_s_.
coloured.

Of this work only a few copies remain. It is a useful companion to the collector of shells, on account of the very large number of specimens figured, as many as six plates being devoted in some instances to the illustration of a single genus.

INSECTS.

-------

CURTIS’ BRITISH ENTOMOLOGY. Illustrations and Descriptions of the
Genera of Insects found in Great Britain and Ireland, containing
Coloured Figures, from nature, of the most rare and beautiful
species, and, in many instances, upon the plants on which they are
found. Royal 8vo, 8 vols., 770 Plates, coloured, £21.

Or in separate Monographs.

Orders. Plates. £. _s_. _d_.
APHANIPTERA 2 0 2 0
COLEOPTERA 256 8 0 0
DERMAPTERA 1 0 1 0
DICTYOPTERA 1 0 1 0
DIPTERA 103 3 5 0
HEMIPTERA 32 1 1 0
HOMOPTERA 21 0 14 0
HYMENOPTERA 125 4 0 0
LEPIDOPTERA 193 6 0 0
NEUROPTERA 13 0 9 0
OMALOPTERA 6 0 4 6
ORTHOPTERA 5 0 4 0
STREPSIPTERA 3 0 2 6
TRICHOPTERA 9 0 6 6

‘Curtis’ Entomology,’ which Cuvier pronounced to have “reached the ultimatum of perfection,” is still the standard work on the Genera of British Insects. The Figures executed by the author himself, with wonderful minuteness and accuracy, have never been surpassed, even if equalled. The price at which the work was originally published was £43. 16_s_.

--------------

INSECTA BRITANNICA; Vols. II. and III., Diptera. By FRANCIS WALKER,
F.L.S. 8vo, each, with 10 plates, 25_s_.

TRAVELS.

-------

THREE CITIES IN RUSSIA. By Professor C. PIAZZI SMYTH, F.R.S. Post 8vo,
2 Vols., 1016 pp. Maps and Wood-Engravings, 26_s_.

The narrative of a tour made in the summer of 1859 by the Astronomer Royal of Scotland, to the cities of St. Petersburg, Moscow, and Novgorod.

--------------

THE GATE OF THE PACIFIC. By Commander BEDFORD PIM, R.N. Demy 8vo, 430
pp., with 7 Maps and 8 Tinted Chromo-Lithographs, 18_s_.

A spirited narrative of Commander Pim’s explorations in Central America, made with the view of establishing a new overland route from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans, through English enterprise, by way of Nicaragua.

--------------

TRAVELS ON THE AMAZON AND RIO NEGRO; with an Account of the Native
Tribes, and Observations on the Climate, Geology, and Natural
History of the Amazon Valley. By ALFRED R. WALLACE. Demy 8vo, 541
pp., with Map and Tinted Frontispiece, 18_s_.

A lively narrative of travels in one of the most interesting districts of the Southern Hemisphere, accompanied by Remarks on the Vocabularies of the Languages, by Dr. R. G. LATHAM.

--------------

WESTERN HIMALAYA AND TIBET; a Narrative of a Journey through the
Mountains of Northern India, during the Years 1847-1848. By Dr.
THOMSON, F.R.S. Demy 8vo, 500 pp., with Map and Tinted
Frontispiece, 15_s_.

A summary of the physical features, chiefly botanical and geological, of the country travelled over in a mission undertaken for the Indian Government, from Simla across the Himalayan Mountains into Tibet, and to the summit of the Karakoram Mountains; including also an excellent description of Kashmir.

--------------

TRAVELS IN THE INTERIOR OF BRAZIL, principally through the Northern
Provinces and the Gold and Diamond Districts, during the years
1836-1841. By Dr. GEORGE GARDNER, F.L.S. Second Edition. Demy 8vo,
428 pp., with Map and Tinted Frontispiece, 12_s_.