Chapter III: Part IV: Common British Moths

XVII. SPHINGES 203

XVIII. BOMBYCES 217

XIX. THE NOCTUAE 239

XX. GEOMETRAE 268

XXI. THE MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA 290

APPENDICES

I. COMPLETE CLASSIFIED LIST OF BRITISH MACRO-LEPIDOPTERA 309

II. THE LEPIDOPTERIST'S CALENDAR 326

REFERENCES TO COLOURED PLATES 347

INDEX 351

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

_COLOURED PLATES_

1-7. BRITISH BUTTERFLIES _Frontispiece_
8. LARVAE AND PUPAE OF BRITISH BUTTERFLIES }
9. SPHINGES }
10. BOMBYCES } _At end_
11. NOCTUAE }
12. NOCTUA AND GEOMETRAE }

_Full references accompany the Plates._

_ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE TEXT_

FIG. PAGE

1. SCALES FROM THE WINGS OF BUTTERFLIES 1
2. PORTION OF THE WING OF A BUTTERFLY FROM WHICH SOME OF THE
SCALES HAVE BEEN REMOVED 2
3. BODY OF A BUTTERFLY--UNDER SIDE 3
4. SECTION OF THE EYE OF AN INSECT 4
5. ANTENNAE OF BUTTERFLIES 5
6. ANTENNAE OF MOTHS 5
7. SECTION OF THE PROBOSCIS OF A BUTTERFLY 7
8. DIAGRAM OF THE WINGS OF A BUTTERFLY 9
9. THE UNDEVELOPED FORE LEG OF A BUTTERFLY 10
10. THE FOUR STAGES OF THE LARGE WHITE BUTTERFLY
(_Pieris Brassicae_) 14
11. EGG OF THE MEADOW BROWN BUTTERFLY 20
12. EGG OF THE SPECKLED WOOD BUTTERFLY 20
13. EGG OF THE VAPOURER MOTH 20
14. THE CATERPILLAR OF THE CLOUDED YELLOW BUTTERFLY 22
15. THE CATERPILLAR OF THE DARK GREEN FRITILLARY BUTTERFLY 23
16. THE CATERPILLAR OF THE PURPLE EMPEROR BUTTERFLY 24
17. AN ICHNEUMON FLY (_Cryptus Migrator_) 25
18. ANOTHER ICHNEUMON FLY (_Pimpla Instigator_) 25
19. THE CATERPILLAR OF THE ANGLE SHADES MOTH (_Meticulosa_) 26
20. WALKING LEG OF A CATERPILLAR 28
21. LARVA OF THE YELLOW UNDERWING MOTH (_Pronuba_) 28
22. LARVA OF THE CRIMSON SPECKLED MOTH (_Pulchella_) 28
23. LARVA OF THE LOBSTER MOTH (_Fagi_) 28
24. CATERPILLAR OF THE IRON PROMINENT MOTH (_Dromedarius_) 29
25. LARVA OF THE BRIMSTONE MOTH (_Luteolata_) 29
26. THE CLASPERS OF A CATERPILLAR 30
27. THE HOMES OF LEAF MINERS AND LEAF ROLLERS 33
28. THE COCOON OF THE EMPEROR MOTH 40
29. THE COCOON OF THE SIX-SPOTTED BURNET (_Filipendulae_) 40
30. THE PUPA OF THE PRIVET HAWK (_Ligustri_) 44
31. THE CHRYSALIS OF THE LARGE WHITE BUTTERFLY (_Brassicae_) 44
32. THE PUPA OF THE DARK GREEN FRITILLARY (_Aglaia_) 45
33. THE PUPA OF THE BLACK-VEINED WHITE BUTTERFLY (_Crataegi_) 45
34. THE PUPA OF THE CURRANT MOTH 45
35. PUPA OF THE PALE TUSSOCK MOTH (_Pudibunda_) 45
36. A BUTTERFLY, JUST AFTER EMERGING 50
37. A BUTTERFLY AT REST (LARGE COPPER) 57
38. A MOTH AT REST (GOTHIC) 57
39. A WIRE FRAME FOR A BUTTERFLY NET 65
40. STICK FOR THE NET 65
41. THE METAL Y 66
42. PATTERN FOR THE NET 67
43. THE CYANIDE BOTTLE 68
44. SECTION OF THE LAUREL BOX 70
45. THE CHLOROFORM BOTTLE 72
46. }
47. } FITTINGS FOR THE COLLECTING BOX 75
48. }
49. }
50. FRAME OF NET FOR COLLECTING INSECTS ON LAMPS AND WINDOWS 87
51. A TRAP FOR CATCHING MOTHS 88
52. METAL JOINT FOR LANTERN AND NET 91
53. NET AND LANTERN FOR TAKING MOTHS FROM HIGH BLOSSOMS 91
54. FRAME FOR THE SUGARING NET 94
55. CAGE FOR DECOY FEMALES 96
56. A SUGAR TRAP 96
57. A LARVA GLASS 114
58. A LARVA GLASS 114
59. A LARVA CAGE 115
60. SECTION OF A SETTING BOARD 123
61. SECTIONS OF SETTING BOARDS 123
62. A BUTTERFLY ON THE SETTING BOARD 124
63. ANOTHER METHOD OF SETTING BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS 126
64. A BLOWPIPE FOR LARVAE 131
65. THE BATH WHITE--UNDER SIDE 147
66. THE CLOUDED YELLOW--FEMALE 151
67. THE SMALL PEARL-BORDERED FRITILLARY--UNDER SIDE 155
68. THE PEARL-BORDERED FRITILLARY--UNDER SIDE 156
69. THE QUEEN OF SPAIN FRITILLARY--UNDER SIDE 157
70. THE DARK-GREEN FRITILLARY--UNDER SIDE 158
71. THE HIGH-BROWN FRITILLARY 159
72. THE SILVER-WASHED FRITILLARY--UNDER SIDE 160
73. THE GREASY FRITILLARY--UNDER SIDE 161
74. The GLANVILLE FRITILLARY--UNDER SIDE 162
75. THE COMMA--UNDER SIDE 164
76. THE PURPLE EMPEROR--UNDER SIDE 172
77. THE MARBLED WHITE--UNDER SIDE 174
78. THE WOOD ARGUS--UNDER SIDE 176
79. THE GRAYLING--UNDER SIDE 178
80. THE LARGE HEATH--UNDER SIDE 179
81. THE RINGLET--UPPER SIDE 180
82. THE MARSH RINGLET--UNDER SIDE 181
83. THE BROWN HAIRSTREAK--MALE 184
84. THE WHITE-LETTER HAIRSTREAK 184
85. THE PURPLE HAIRSTREAK--MALE 186
86. THE GREEN HAIRSTREAK 186
87. THE TAILED BLUE--UNDER SIDE 188
88. THE SILVER-STUDDED BLUE--UNDER SIDE 189
89. THE COMMON BLUE--UNDER SIDE 191
90. THE CLIFDEN BLUE--UNDER SIDE 191
91. THE CHALK-HILL BLUE--UNDER SIDE 192
92. THE HOLLY BLUE--UNDER SIDE 193
93. THE MAZARINE BLUE--UNDER SIDE 194
94. THE SMALL BLUE--UNDER SIDE 194
95. THE LARGE BLUE--UNDER SIDE 195
96. THE SILVER-SPOTTED SKIPPER--UNDER SIDE 201
97. THE DEATH'S-HEAD HAWK MOTH 205
98. THE LARVA OF ATROPOS 206
99. THE CATERPILLAR OF EUPHORBIAE 207
100. THE SMALL ELEPHANT HAWK MOTH 208
101. THE POPLAR HAWK 209
102. THE BROAD-BORDERED BEE HAWK 212
103. THE HORNET CLEARWING OF THE POPLAR 213
104. THE CURRANT CLEARWING 213
105. THE FORESTER 214
106. THE SIX-SPOTTED BURNET 215
107. THE LARVA OF FILIPENDULAE 215
108. THE GREEN SILVER-LINED 217
109. THE SHORT-CLOAKED MOTH 218
110. THE MUSLIN MOTH 218
111. THE COMMON FOOTMAN 219
112. THE LARVA OF JACOBAEAE 219
113. THE SCARLET TIGER 220
114. THE BUFF ERMINE 222
115. THE WHITE ERMINE 222
116. THE GHOST SWIFT--FEMALE 223
117. THE COMMON SWIFT 224
118. THE GOAT MOTH 225
119. THE LARVA OF LIGNIPERDA (LESS THAN HALF FULL SIZE) 225
120. THE LEOPARD MOTH 226
121. THE LARVA OF PYRINA (ONLY PARTLY GROWN) 226
122. THE BROWN TAIL 227
123. THE GIPSY--MALE 227
124. THE BLACK ARCHES--MALE 228
125. THE VAPOURER MOTH--MALE 228
126. THE FEMALE VAPOURER 228
127. LARVA OF THE VAPOURER MOTH 229
128. THE DRINKER--MALE 230
129. THE OAK HOOK TIP 233
130. THE CHINESE CHARACTER 233
131. THE POPLAR KITTEN 234
132. THE PUSS MOTH 235
133. THE COXCOMB PROMINENT 235
134. THE LARVA OF BUCEPHALA 236
135. THE CHOCOLATE TIP 237
136. THE PEACH BLOSSOM 237
137. THE YELLOW HORNED 238
138. THE MARBLED BEAUTY 240
139. THE GREY DAGGER 240
140. THE POPLAR GREY 241
141. THE FIGURE OF EIGHT 241
142. THE BROWN-LINE BRIGHT-EYE 242
143. THE SMOKY WAINSCOT 243
144. THE COMMON WAINSCOT 243
145. THE BULLRUSH 244
146. THE FROSTED ORANGE 245
147. THE FLAME 245
148. THE LIGHT ARCHES 246
149. THE FLOUNCED RUSTIC 246
150. THE CABBAGE MOTH 247
151. THE DOT 247
152. THE RUSTIC SHOULDER-KNOT 248
153. THE MARBLED MINOR 248
154. THE MOTTLED RUSTIC 249
155. THE TURNIP MOTH 250
156. THE HEART AND DART 251
157. THE GARDEN DART 251
158. THE FLAME SHOULDER 252
159. THE LESSER BROAD BORDER 252
160. THE LESSER YELLOW UNDERWING 253
161. THE GOTHIC 254
162. THE OLD LADY 254
163. THE COMMON QUAKER 255
164. THE CHESTNUT 256
165. THE PINK-BARRED SALLOW 256
166. THE DUN-BAR 257
167. THE BROAD-BARRED WHITE 257
168. THE ANGLE SHADES 258
169. THE GREY ARCHES 259
170. THE SHEARS 260
171. THE BRIGHT-LINE BROWN-EYE 260
172. THE EARLY GREY 261
173. THE SHARK 262
174. THE BURNISHED BRASS 263
175. THE SILVER Y 264
176. THE RED UNDERWING 266
177. THE LIGHT EMERALD 270
178. THE AUGUST THORN 271
179. THE PEPPERED MOTH 272
180. THE WILLOW BEAUTY 273
181. THE LARGE EMERALD 274
182. THE COMMON EMERALD 274
183. THE LACE BORDER 275
184. THE RIBAND WAVE 276
185. THE BLOOD-VEIN 276
186. THE COMMON WAVE 277
187. THE CLOUDED SILVER 277
188. THE V MOTH 278
189. THE COMMON HEATH 279
190. THE BORDERED WHITE--MALE 279
191. THE CURRANT MOTH 280
192. THE SPRING USHER 281
193. THE MARCH MOTH 282
194. THE NOVEMBER MOTH 282
195. THE TWIN-SPOT CARPET 283
196. THE GRASS RIVULET 283
197. THE NETTED PUG 284
198. THE NARROW-WINGED PUG 284
199. THE BRINDLED PUG 284
200. THE SMALL SERAPHIM 285
201. THE BLUE-BORDERED CARPET 285
202. THE BEAUTIFUL CARPET 286
203. THE COMMON CARPET 286
204. THE SILVER GROUND CARPET 287
205. THE GARDEN CARPET 287
206. THE YELLOW SHELL 288
207. THE SMALL PH[OE]NIX 288
208. THE SMALL MALLOW 289
209. THE TABBY OR GREASE MOTH 291
210. THE MEAL MOTH 292
211. THE SMALL MAGPIE 292
212. THE MOTHER-OF-PEARL 293
213. THE GARDEN PEBBLE 293
214. THE BEAUTIFUL CHINA MARK 294
215. GONODACTYLA 295
216. OSTEODACTYLUS 295
217. PENTADACTYLA 295
218. HEXADACTYLA--ENLARGED 296
219. PHRAGMITELLUS--ENLARGED ONE-HALF 297
220. HAMELLUS--SLIGHTLY ENLARGED 297
221. TRISTELLUS 297
222. HORTUELLUS 298
223. MELLONELLA 298
224. XYLOSTEANA WITH WINGS CLOSED 299
225. VIRIDANA 300
226. CRISTANA--ENLARGED 300
227. LECHEANA 300
228. PRUNIANA 300
229. SALICELLA 301
230. OCTOMACULANA--ENLARGED 301
231. CIRSIANA--ENLARGED 302
232. POMONELLA 302
233. ZOEGANA--ENLARGED 302
234. FAGELLA 303
235. CUPRELLA 304
236. PADELLUS 304
237. NERVOSA--TWICE NATURAL SIZE 304
238. GEOFFRELLA 305
239. IBIPENNELLA--ENLARGED 305
240. COMPLANELLA--ENLARGED 306
241. AURELLA--ENLARGED 307