Chapter XXX: Recent Development of Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484

{xiii}

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

[Transcriber's note: The page numbers below are those in the original book. However, in this e-book, to avoid the splitting of paragraphs, the illustrations may have been moved to preceding or following pages.]

PAGE

THE HON. W. L. MACKENZIE KING . . . . . . . . _Frontispiece_
_Courtesy "Canada."_

VIEW OF CAPE TRINITY ON THE LAURENTIAN RANGE . . . . . . . 9
_From a photograph by Topley, Ottawa._

ROCKY MOUNTAINS AT DONALD, BRITISH COLUMBIA . . . . . . . 13
_From Sir W. Van Horne's Collection of
B. C. photographs._

UPPER END OF FRASER CAÑON, BRITISH COLUMBIA . . . . . . . 15
_Ibid._

SKETCH OF JUAN DE LA COSA'S MAP, A.D. 1500 . . . . . . . . 25
_From Dr. S. E. Dawson's "Cabot Voyages," in
Trans. Roy. Soc. Can., 1894._

* To explain these dates it is necessary to note that Champlain lived for years in one of the buildings of the Fort of Saint Louis which he first erected, and the name château is often applied to that structure; but the château, properly so-called, was not commenced until 1647, and it as well as its successors was within the limits of the fort. It was demolished in 1694 by Governor Frontenac, who rebuilt it on the original foundations, and it was this castle which, in a remodelled and enlarged form, under the English régime, lasted until 1834.

{xiv}

PORTRAIT OF JACQUES CARTIER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
_From B. Sulte's "Histoire des Canadiens-Français"
(Montreal, 1882-'84)._

ANCIENT HOCHELAGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
_From Ramusio's "Navigationi e Viaggi" (Venice, 1565)._

THE "DAUPHIN MAP" OF CANADA, _circa_ 1543,
SHOWING CARTIER'S DISCOVERIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
_From collection of maps in Parliamentary Library at
Ottawa._

PLAN OF PORT ROYAL IN ACADIA IN 1605 . . . . . . . . . . . 57
_From Champlain's works, rare Paris ed. of 1613._

CHAMPLAIN'S PORTRAIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
_From B. Sulte's "Histoire des Canadiens-Français."_

HABITATION DE QUEBEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
_From Champlain's works, rare Paris ed. of 1613._

CHAMPLAIN'S LOST ASTROLABE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
_From sketch by A. J. Russell, of Ottawa, 1879._

ONONDAGA FORT IN THE IROQUOIS COUNTRY . . . . . . . . . . 83
_From Champlain's works, rare Paris ed. of 1613._

INDIAN COSTUMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
_From Lafitau's "Moeurs des Sauvages" (Paris, 1724)._

IROQUOIS LONG HOUSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
_From Morgan's "Houses and Home Life of the
Aborigines" (Washington, 1881)._

PORTRAIT OF MARIE GUYARD (MÈRE MARIE DE L'INCARNATION) . . 131
_From S. Sulte's "Histoire des Canadiens-Français."_

PORTRAIT OF MAISONNEUVE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
_Ibid._

PORTRAIT OF LAVAL, FIRST CANADIAN BISHOP . . . . . . . . . 159
_Ibid._

{xv}

CARD ISSUE (PAPER MONEY) OF 1729, FOR 12 LIVRES . . . . . 162
_From Breton's "Illustrated History of Coins and
Tokens Relating to Canada" (Montreal, 1892)._

CANADIAN FIFTEEN SOL PIECE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
_Ibid._

CANADIAN TRAPPER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
_From La Pothérie's "Histoire de l'Amérique
Septentrionale" (Paris, 1753)._

PORTRAIT AND AUTOGRAPH OF CAVELIER DE LA SALLE . . . . . . 185
_B. Sulte's "Histoire des Canadiens-Francais."_

FRONTENAC, FROM HÉBERT'S STATUE AT QUEBEC . . . . . . . . 193
_From Dr. Stewart's collection of Quebec photographs._

CAPTURE OF FORT NELSON IN HUDSON BAY, BY THE FRENCH . . . 205
_From La Pothérie's "Histoire de l'Amérique
Septentrionale."_

PORTRAIT OF CHEVALIER D'IBERVILLE . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
_From a portrait in Margry's "Découvertes et
établissements des François dans le Sud de l'Amérique
Septentrionale" (Paris, 1876-'83)._

VIEW OF LOUISBOURG IN 1731 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
_From a sketch in the Paris Archives._

MAP OF FRENCH FORTS IN AMERICA, 1750-60 . . . . . . . . . 221
_From Bourinot's "Cape Breton and its Memorials of
the French Régime" (Montreal, 1891)._

PORTRAIT OF MONTCALM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
_From B. Sulte's "Histoire des Canadiens-Français."_

LOUISBOURG MEDALS OF 1758 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
_From Bourinot's "Cape Breton," etc._

{xvi}

PORTRAIT OF WOLFE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
_From print in "A Complete History of the Late War,"
etc. (London and Dublin, 1774), by Wright._

PLAN OF OPERATIONS AT SIEGE OF QUEBEC . . . . . . . . . . 251
_Made from a more extended plan in "The Universal
Magazine" (London, Dec., 1859)._

MONTCALM AND WOLFE MONUMENT AT QUEBEC . . . . . . . . . . 261
_From Dr. Stewart's collection of Quebec photographs._

VIEW OF QUEBEC IN 1760 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
_From "The Universal Magazine" (London, 1760)._

VIEW OF MONTREAL IN 1760 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
_Ibid._

PORTRAIT AND AUTOGRAPH OF JOSEPH BRANT (THAYENDANEGEA) . . 299
_From Stone's "Life of Joseph Brant," original ed.
(New York, 1838)._

PRESCOTT GATE AND BISHOP'S PALACE IN 1800 . . . . . . . . 307
_From a sketch by A. J. Russell in Hawkins's
"Pictures of Quebec."_

PORTRAIT OF LIEUT.-GENERAL SIMCOE . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
_From Dr. Scadding's "Toronto of Old" (Toronto, 1873)._

PORTRAIT OF MAJ.-GENERAL BROCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
_From a picture in possession of J. A. Macdonell, Esq.,
of Alexandria, Ontario._

PORTRAIT OF COLONEL DE SALABERRY . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
_From Fennings Taylor's "Portraits of British
Americans" (W. Notman, Montreal, 1865-'67)._

MONUMENT AT LUNDY'S LANE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
_From a photograph through courtesy of Rev. Canon
Bull, Niagara South, Ont._

{xvii}

PORTRAIT OF LOUIS J. PAPINEAU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
_From Fennings Taylor's "Portraits of British
Americans."_

PORTRAIT OF BISHOP STRACHAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
_Ibid._

PORTRAIT OF W. LYON MACKENZIE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
_From C. Lindsey's "Life and Times of W. L. Mackenzie"
(Toronto, 1863)._

PORTRAIT OF JUDGE HALIBURTON, AUTHOR OF "THE CLOCK-MAKER" 359
_From a portrait given to author by Mr. F. Blake
Crofton of Legislative Library, Halifax, N. S._

PORTRAIT OF JOSEPH HOWE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363
_From Fennings Taylor's "Portraits of British
Americans."_

PORTRAIT OF ROBERT BALDWIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
_Ibid._

PORTRAIT OF L. H. LAFONTAINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
_Ibid._

PORTRAIT OF L. A. WILMOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
_From Lathern's "Biographical Sketch of Judge Wilmot"
(Toronto, 1881)._

FORT GARRY AND A RED RIVER STEAMER IN 1870 . . . . . . . . 389
_From A. J. Russell's "Red River Country" (Montreal,
1870)._

PORTRAIT OF LIEUT.-COLONEL WILLIAMS . . . . . . . . . . . 399
_From a photograph by Topley, Ottawa._

INDIAN CARVED POSTS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA . . . . . . . . . 401
_From photograph by Dr. Dawson, C.M.G., Director of
Geological Survey of Canada._

PORTRAIT OF SIR JOHN MACDONALD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
_From L. J. Taché's "Canadian Portrait Gallery"
(Montreal, 1890-'93)._

{xviii}

PORTRAIT OF HON. GEORGE BROWN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
_From photograph._

PORTRAIT OF SIR GEORGE E. CARTIER . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
_From B. Sulte's "Histoire des Canadiens-français."_

SIR WILFRID LAURIER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
_From a photograph by Ernest H. Mills._

OLD PARLIAMENT BUILDING AT OTTAWA . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
_From a photograph by Topley, Ottawa._

QUEBEC IN 1896 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
_From Dr. Stewart's collection of Quebec photographs._

STREET SCENE IN A FRENCH CANADIAN VILLAGE NEAR QUEBEC . . 437
_Ibid._

OLD CHURCH AT BONNE STE. ANNE, WHERE MIRACLES WERE . . . . 441
PERFORMED
_Ibid._

A CANADIAN CALECHE OF OLD TIMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445
_From Weld's "Travels in North America" (London, 1799)._

PORTRAIT OF LOUIS FRECHETTE, THE FRENCH CANADIAN POET . . 449
_From L. J. Taché's "Canadian Portrait Gallery."_

A CHARACTERISTIC SNAPSHOT OF SIR ROBERT BORDEN . . . . . . 456
_Courtesy "Central News."_

SILVER MINES AT COBALT, ONTARIO . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
_Courtesy C.P.R._

NEW PARLIAMENT BUILDINGS, OTTAWA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471
_Courtesy C.P.R._

MAP OF CANADA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . at end
[Transcriber's note: missing from book.]

{xix}

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTE

Jacques Cartier's _Voyages_, in English, by Joseph Pope (Ottawa, 1889), and H. B. Stephens (Montreal, 1891); in French, by N. E. Dionne (Quebec, 1891); Toilon de Longrais (Rennes, France), H. Michelant and E. Ramé (Paris, 1867). L'Escarbot's _New France_, in French, Tross's ed. (Paris, 1866), which contains an account also of Cartier's first voyage. Sagard's _History of Canada_, in French, Tross's ed. (Paris, 1866). Champlain's works, in French, Laverdiere's ed. (Quebec, 1870); Prince Society's English ed. (Boston, 1878-80). Lafitau's _Customs of the Savages_, in French (Paris, 1724). Charlevoix's _History of New France_, in French (Paris, 1744); Shea's English version (New York, 1866). _Jesuit Relations_, in French (Quebec ed., 1858). Ferland's _Course of Canadian History_, in French (Quebec, 1861-1865). Garneau's _History of Canada_, in French (Montreal, 1882). Sulte's _French Canadians_, in French (Montreal, 1882-84). F. Parkman's series of histories of French Régime, viz.; _Pioneers of France in the New World; The Jesuits in North America; The old Régime; Frontenac; The Discovery of the Great West; A Half Century of Conflict; Montcalm and Wolfe; Conspiracy of Pontiac_ (Boston, 1865-1884). Justin Winsor's _From Cartier to Frontenac_ (Boston, 1894). Hannay's _Acadia_ (St. John, N. B., 1870). W. Kingsford's _History of Canada_, 8 vols. so far (Toronto and London, 1887-1896), the eighth volume on the war of 1812 being especially valuable. Bourinot's "Cape Breton and its Memorials of the French Régime," _Trans. Roy. Soc. Can._, vol. ix, and separate ed. (Montreal, 1891). Casgrain's _Montcalm and Lévis_, in French (Quebec, 1891). Haliburton's _Nova Scotia_ (Halifax, 1829). Murdoch's _Nova Scotia_ (Halifax, 1865-67). Campbell's _Nova Scotia_ (Halifax, 1873). Campbell's _Prince Edward Island_ (Charlottetown, 1875). Lord Durham's _Report_, 1839. Christie's _History of Lower Canada_ (Quebec, 1848-1855). Dent's _Story of the Upper Canadian Rebellion_ (Toronto, 1855). Lindsey's _W. Lyon Mackenzie_ (Toronto, 1873). Dent's _Canada Since the Union of 1841_ (Toronto, 1880-81). Turcotte's _Canada under the Union_, in French (Quebec, 1871). Bourinot's _Manual of Constitutional History_ (Montreal, 1888), "Federal Government in Canada" (_Johns Hopkins University Studies_, {xx} Baltimore, 1889), and _How Canada is Governed_ (Toronto, 1895). Withrow's _Popular History of Canada_ (Toronto, 1888). MacMullen's _History of Canada_ (Brockville, 1892). Begg's _History of the Northwest_ (Toronto, 1804). Canniff's _History of Ontario_ (Toronto, 1872). Egerton Ryerson's _Loyalists of America_ (Toronto, 1880). Mrs. Edgar's _Ten Years of Upper Canada in Peace and War_ (Toronto, 1890). Porritt's _Sixty Years of Protection in Canada_ (London, 1907). H. E. Egerton and W. L. Grant's _Canadian Constitutional Development_ (London, 1907). G. R. Parkin's _Sir John A. Macdonald_ (London, 1909). B. Home's _Canada_ (London, 1911). W. Maxwell's _Canada of To-Day_ (London, 1911). C. L. Thomson's _Short History of Canada_ (London, 1911). W. L. Griffith's _The Dominion of Canada_ (London, 1911). A. G. Bradley's _Canada_ (London, 1912). Arthur G. Doughty's _History of Canada_ (_Year Book_) (Ottawa, 1913). J. A. T. Lloyd's _The Real Canadian_ (London, 1913). E. L. Marsh's _The Story of Canada_ (London, 1913). J. Munro's _Canada 1535 to Present Day_ (London, 1913). A. Shortland and A. G. Doughty's _Canada and its Provinces_ (Toronto, 1913). W. L. Grant's _High School History of Canada_ (Toronto, 1914). G. Bryce's _Short History of the Canadian People_ (London, 1914). D. W. Oates's _Canada To-day and Yesterday_ (London, 1914). F. Fairfield's _Canada_ (London, 1914). Sir C. Tupper's _Political Reminiscences_ (London, 1914). Morang's _Makers of Canada_ (Toronto, 1917). Sir Thomas White's _The Story of Canada's War Finance_ (Montreal, 1921). Prof. Skelton's _Life of Sir Wilfrid Laurier_ (Toronto, 1922). And _Review of Historical Publications Relating to Canada_ by the University of Toronto.

For a full bibliography of archives, maps, essays, and books relating to the periods covered by the Story of Canada, and used by the writer, see appendix to his "Cape Breton and its Memorials," in which all authorities bearing on the Norse, Cabot, and other early voyages are cited. Also, appendix to same author's "Parliamentary Government in Canada" (_Trans. Roy. Soc. Can._, vol. xi., and American Hist. Ass. Report, Washington, 1891). Also his "Canada's Intellectual Strength and Weakness" (_Trans. Roy. Soc. Can._, vol. xi, and separate volume, Montreal, 1891). Also, Winsor's _Narrative_ and _Critical History of America_ (Boston, 1886-89).

{1}

THE STORY OF CANADA.