Chapter XVI: Reign of King Stephen

Stephen of Blois--Arrival in England--His Coronation--Pope
Innocent's Letter--Claims of Matilda--The Earl of Gloucester's
Policy--Revolt of the Barons--The King of Scotland Invades
England--The Battle of Northallerton--Outrage on the Bishops of
Salisbury, Lincoln, and Ely--The Synod of Winchester--Landing
of the Empress Matilda--Outbreak of Civil War--Battle at
Lincoln--Defeat and Capture of Stephen--Matilda's Arrogant
Behaviour--Rising of the Londoners and Flight of Matilda--London
Re-occupied by the King's Adherents--Matilda Besieged in
Winchester--Exchange of the Earl of Gloucester for the
King--Stephen Resumes the Crown--Reign of Terror--Siege of
Oxford--Flight of Matilda--Desultory Warfare--Death of the
Earl of Gloucester--Stephen's Quarrel with the Church--The
Interdict Removed--Further Dangers from Normandy--Divorce of
Eleanor--Her Marriage with Prince Henry--Landing of Henry
in England--Unpopularity of the War--Violence and Death of
Eustace--Treaty Arranged between Henry and the King--Death of
Stephen 167

CHAPTER XVII.

THE REIGN OF HENRY II.

Accession of Henry Plantagenet--Royal Entry into
Winchester--Expulsion of the Flemings--Henry's Dealings with
the Barons--Siege of Bridgenorth Castle--The King's Quarrel
with Geoffrey--Henry's Magnificence--War with, and Submission
of, the Welsh--The King in Brittany--Alarm of the King of
France at Henry's Schemes of Aggrandisement--Henry's Designs
on Toulouse--Origin of _Scutage_--Peace with Louis--The People
of Languedoc--Louis' Third Marriage--Fresh Rupture between the
Two Kings--Marriage of Henry's Son and Louis' Daughter--The Two
Popes--Renewed Reconciliation 180