Chapter XI

Discovery of Behring Straits――Cook and Meares――Rescue from
Starvation――Encounter with Natives――Vancouver on the Western
Coast――Gray’s supposed Discovery of the Columbia――Coxe’s
Survey of Hudson’s Bay――James in Distress in Hudson’s Bay
――Foundation of the Hudson’s Bay Company――Discovery of
Rupert’s River――Disputes with the French――Knight’s Voyage
and his terrible Fate――Discovery of Relics of Knight and his
Comrades――Moore and Smith in Hudson’s Bay――Cession of Canada
to England, and its Results――Heroes of the Transition Time
――Hearne’s Discovery of Athabasca Lake and the Coppermine
River――Massacre of Esquimaux――Discovery of the Arctic Ocean
――Result to Geographical Science of that Discovery――Hearne’s
Return to Hudson’s Bay――The Indian Exile wrestled for
――Enthusiasm of the Company――The Rise of the North-west
Company――Mackenzie’s Journey to the Slave Lake, and Discovery
of the Slave, Athabasca, or Mackenzie River――His Voyage to
Great Bear Lake――Return to Fort ♦Chipewyan――Journey across
Country to the North Pacific――The Work of all Explorers united
by his last Trip.

♦ ‘Chippewyan’ replaced with ‘Chipewyan’

CHAPTER XII.

The Pacific Fur Company――Voyage of the _Tonquin_――Foundation
of Astoria――Massacre on the _Tonquin_――Terrible Revenge――The
great Small-pox Chief――Start of the Land Expedition――An
Ambush――Unexpected Rescue――Treachery of an Interpreter――Among
the Crow Indians――The Black Mountains――The invisible Lords
of the Mountain――Arrival on the Banks of the Mad River
――Across Country to the Henry River――Construction of Canoes
――Embarkation on the Henry――A Canadian drowned――The Lion
Caldron――Across Country again――Among the Akai-chies――News
of the Astorians――Threatened Attack of the Natives――Arrival
on the Banks of the Columbia――Along the River to Indian
Encampment――News of Tragedy on the _Tonquin_――Down the
Columbia to Astoria.

CHAPTER XIII.

Cass’s Voyage up the Mississippi――Long and James on the Platte,
or Nebraska――Discovery of the two Sources of the Platte――Among
the Mountain Passes――Eating of poisonous Berries――Meeting with
a Bear――Ascent of Pike’s Peak――Search for Head-waters of the
Arkansas――The Canadian taken for the Arkansas, and followed
to its Junction with the latter River――Start of new Expedition
from the Ohio――Cannibalism among the Natives――The Apostle of
the Indians――Across the Prairies to Lake Michigan――Through
Illinois to the Mississippi――Up the Mississippi to the
Minnesota――The Head-waters of the Minnesota――The primal Home
of the Red River of the North, the St. Lawrence, etc.――Up
the Red River to Lake Winnipeg――From Lake Winnipeg to the
Lake of the Woods, and thence across Country to Lake Superior
――Schoolcraft’s Ascent of the Mississippi, and Discovery of
its actual Source.