Chapter V (4)

Pace, passage, A. 677.
{Pacience, Pacyence,} C. 1, 36.
Pakke, pack, B. 1282.
Pakke, company, A. 929.
{Palayce, Palays,} B. 83, 1389, 1531.
Pale, A. 1004.
Palle = pall, fine cloth, B. 1384, 1637.
Pane, a side, division of a building, A. 1034. Lat. _pagina_, a leaf,
any flat expanse. “A _pane_, piece or pannel of a wall, of wainscot,
of a glasse window.” (Cotg.) “_Pane_ of a wall, _pan de
mur_.” (Palsg.)
Panne, head, but we may read _paune_, paws, claws, B. 1697.
Papeiay = a popinjay, a parrot, B. 1465. It. _papagallo_. O.Fr.
_papegau_, _papegay_. Sp. _papagayo_, parrot.
Parage, kindred, rank, nobleness, A. 419; B. 167. O.Fr. _parage_.
Paramoreȝ, paramours, lovers, B. 700. Fr. _par amour_, by way of love.
Paraunter, peradventure, A. 588.
Parchmen, parchment, B. 1134.
Pare, cut, B. 1408, 1536.
Parform, perform, B. 542; C. 406.
Parfyt, perfect, A. 638.
Parget, plaister of a wall, B. 1536. “_Pariette_ for walles,
blanchissure.” (Palsg.)
Parlatyk, paralytic, B. 1095.
Partleȝ, partless, portionless, A. 335.
Partrykes, partridges, B. 57.
Pass, surpass, A. 428.
Passage, journey, C. 97.
Passande, passing, B. 1389.
Pasture, C. 393.
Pater, paternoster, A. 485.
Paume, palm, hand, B. 1533, 1542.
{Pay, Paye,} pleasure, A. 1, 1164, 1176; C. 99.
Pay, please, A. 1165, 1177.
Payment, A. 598.
Paynt, A. 750.
Payre, pair, B. 335.
Payre = appayre, become worse, fade, B. 1124. Lat. _pejor_, worse.
“To _appayre_ to waxe worse.” (Palsg.)
Payred, impaired, A. 246.
Pechche, sin, fault, A. 841. Fr. _péché_.
{Penance, Penaunce,} A. 477.
Peneȝ, pens, folds (for cattle), B. 322.
Penitotes, (? _Peritotes_), a kind of stone (the _peritot_ or
_peridot_ Marsh), B. 1472.
Penne, B. 1724.
Penne-fed, B. 57.
Pensyf, pensive, A. 246.
Pented, appertained, belonged to, B. 1270.
Peraunter, peradventure, B. 43.
{Pere, Per,} equal, peer, A. 4; B. 1214, 1336.
Pereȝ, pears, A. 104.
Perile, B. 856, 942.
Perré, precious stones, jewelry, A. 730; B. 1117.
Pertly = apertly, openly, B. 244. See T. B. 1130. Cf. “_pert_ wordes,”
T. B. 977.
Peryle, A. 695; C. 85.
Pes, peace, A. 952.
Pich, pitch, B. 1008.
Pike = pick, pluck, B. 1464.
Pinnacle, B. 1463.
Pité, pity, B. 232.
{Pitously, Pytosly,} A. 370, 798.
Planed, B. 310.
Planete, A. 1075.
Plaster, B. 1549.
Plat, flat, B. 1379.
Plat, struck (_pret._ of _plette_, to strike), B. 1265. A.S.
_plættian_.
“Hwan he hauede him so schamed,
His hand (he) of _plat_, and yvele lamed.”
--(Havelok the Dane, 2755.)
Plater, plate, platter, B. 638.
Plateȝ, A. 1036.
Plat-ful, brimful, B. 83.
Plattyng, _sb._ striking (or folding?), B. 1542.
Play, A. 261.
Play-fere, play-fellow, companion, C. 45.
Playn, _adj._ even, clear, A. 178, 689; B. 1068; C. 439.
Playn, _sb._ A. 104, 122; B. 1216.
Playned, lamented, A. 53, 242.
Playneȝ, complains, C. 376.
Playnt, complaint, A. 815.
Plek, place, plot of ground, B. 1379. “_Pleckke_ or plott,
porculetum.” (Prompt. Parv.) N.Prov.E. _pleck_. A.S. _plæc_.
“Se that the hare hathe be at pasture in grene corne, or in eny
other _plek_.” --(Quoted by Way from MS. Harl. 5086, fol. 47.)
Pleny, to complain, A. 549.
Plete, demand, plead for, A. 563.
Pleyn, mourn, C. 371.
Plontte, plant, A. 104.
Plow, plough, B. 68.
Plyande, pliant, C. 439.
Plye, A. 1039; B. 196, 1385.
Plyt, danger, fault, A. 647; B. 1494; C. 114. A.S. _pliht_.
Plyȝt, condition, A. 1075; B. 111.
Pobbel, pebble, A. 117.
Pole, pool, stream, A. 117.
Polle, poll, head, B. 1265. Du. _polle_, _pol_, head, top, crown.
Polmente, a kind of pottage, B. 628. O.Fr. _polment_. Lat.
_pulmentum_. “_Pulmentarium_ a _pulment_.” Nominale, MS.
“His brother (Jacob) he fand give--and his tent
To grayth a riche _pulment_.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 21a.)
{Polyce, Polyse,} polish, B. 1068, 1131, 1134.
Polyle, poultry, B. 57. Fr. _poule_, a hen; _poulet_, a chicken. Lat.
_pullus_. “_Polayle_, bryddys or fowlys, Altilis.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Pomgarnade, pomegranate, B. 1466. Cf. Lat. _malum granatum_. It.
_granata_. Sp. _granada_.
Poplande, rushing, foaming, C. 319. N.Prov.E. _popple_, to tumble
about with a quick motion. O.Sc. _pople_, to flow, rush.
“The wawis of the wild see apone the wallis betes,
The pure _populand_ hurle passis it umby.” --(K. Alex. p. 40.)
“And on the stanys owt thar harnys [he] dang,
Quhil brayn and eyn and blude al _poplit_ owt.”
--(G. Douglas, vol. i. p. 167.)
Porchase, purchase, A. 439.
Porche, B. 785.
Pore, poor, A. 873.
Porfyl, hem, A. 216. Fr. _pourfiler_, to work upon the edge,
embroider; _fil_, a thread. O.E. _purfle_, to overlay with gems or
gold. “_Purfyll_ or hemme of a gowne, bort.” (Palsg.)
Porpre, purple, B. 1568.
Porros, B. 1772.
Port, gate, B. 856; harbour, C. 90.
Portale, A. 1036.
Portray, B. 700.
{Poruay, Poruaye,} to provide, B. 1502; C. 36.
Possyble, A. 452.
Potage, B. 638.
Poursent, course, A. 1035.
Pourtray, B. 1271. Fr. _pourtraire_.
Pouer, power, B. 1654.
{Pouer, Pouere,} poor, B. 615, 1074.
Poueren (_pl._ of _pouer_), poor, B. 127.
Pouert, poverty, C. 43.
Pouerté, C. 13.
Powdered, A. 44.
Powleȝ, pools, C. 310.
Poyned, trimmed, ornamented, A. 217.
Poynt, _sb._ particle, A. 891.
Poysened, B. 1095.
Poyntel, a style, B. 1533.
Pray, _sb._ prey, B. 1297; _vb._ to plunder, B. 1624.
Prayse, A. 301.
Prece, press, B. 880.
Prechande, preaching, B. 942.
{Precios, Precious,} A. 4, 216; B. 1282.
Prelate, B. 1249; C. 389.
Pres, press, A. 730; to press, A. 957.
Prese, praise, honour; “his _prese_, his _prys_,” A. 419. Sp. _prez_,
honour, glory. Fr. _prix_, value, worth, price.
“Fra þan forth heild Sir Moyses
Þis wandes bath in _pris_ and _pres_.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 36a.)
{Prese, Pres,} _sb._ press, A. 1114; _vb._ B. 1249.
{Presens, Presente,} presence, A. 389; B. 8, 1496.
Present, _vb._ B. 1217.
Presonere, prisoner, B. 1217.
Prest, ready, B. 147; C. 303. Ital. _presto_.
Prestly, quickly, B. 628.
Presyous, B. 1496.
Pretermynable, A. 596.
Preue, prove, A. 983; B. 704, 1748.
Prisoner, B. 1297.
Profecie, B. 1158, 1308.
Profere, A. 235, 1200.
Profert, B. 1463.
Professye, A. 821.
Profete, prophet, A. 797.
Proper, A. 686.
Propertéȝ, properties, A. 752.
Property, A. 446.
Prophete, A. 831; B. 1300.
Prosessyoun, procession, A. 1096.
Prouince, B. 1300.
Pruddest, proudest, B. 1300.
Prudly, proudly, B. 1379, 1466. See T. B. 857.
Pryce, chief, B. 1308.
Prymate, B. 1570.
Pryncipale, B. 1531, 1781.
Pryncipalté, dominion, B. 1672, 1738.
{Priys, Prys,} value, worth, A. 272, 419, 755; B. 1117. See _Prese_.
Prysoun, C. 79.
Pryuely, B. 238.
Pryuy, A. 12; _pryuyest_, B. 1748.
Pulde, pulled, B. 1265.
Pulle, draw, B. 68.
Pure, _adj._ A. 227; B. 704; _vb._ B. 1116.
{Purely, Purly,} A. 1004; B. 1660.
Purpre, purple, A. 1016.
Pursaunt, a sergeant, B. 1385. O.Fr. _pursuivant_.
Pursue, B. 1177.
Purtraye, B. 1465, 1536.
Puryté, B. 1074.
Pyche, pitch, fix, B. 477.
Pye, B. 1465.
Pyked, adorned, A. 1036.
Pykeȝ, pick, choose, A. 573.
Pyle, building, A. 686.
Pyle, to rob, B. 1270, 1282. Fr. _piller_, to rob.
Pylere, pillar, B. 1271.
Pyne, _vb._ to torment, B. 1095; _sb._ pain, A. 330. Du. _pijnen_, to
torture.
Pyne = pynd, fasten, C. 79. A.S. _pyndan_, to shut in.
Pynkardine, ? _perre carnadine_, carnelian stone (Marsh), B. 1472.
Pyony, A. 44.
Pytosly, pitifully, A. 370.
Pyty, A. 1206.
Pyȝt, fixed, placed (_pret._ of _pyche_), A. 117, 228, 742; B. 785.

Quat, what, A. 293.
Quat-kyn, what kind of, A. 771.
Quauende, flowing, waving, B. 324.
Quayle, _sb._ quail, A. 1085.
Quayntyse, wisdom, craft, B. 1632. O.Fr. _accointer_, to make known;
_coint_, informed, acquainted with. Lat. _cognitus_.
Qued, _sb._ evil, crime, ill, B. 567; C. 4. Du. _kwaad_, bad. Pl. D.
_quat_.
Quelle, kill, A. 799; B. 324; subdue, C. 4. A.S. _cwellan_.
Queme, _adj._ pleasing, A. 1179. A.S. _cweman_, to please. Your
_qweme_ spouse, T. B. 634.
Quen, when, A. 40, 93, 232, 804.
Quenche, C. 4.
Quere, where, A. 65.
Query, A. 803.
Quest, C. 39.
Queþer-so-euer, whether-so-ever, A. 606.
Quikken, C. 471.
Quo, who, A. 747.
Quo-so, who-so, B. 1647; C. 5.
Quos, whose, B. 1648.
Quoynt, wise, A. 889; B. 160, 871; curious, B. 1459. See _Quayntyse_.
Quoyntis, clothing, B. 54. “_Quoyntyse_, yn gay floryschynge, or other
lyke. Virilia.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Quoyntyse, device, C. 39. See _Quayntyse_.
{Quyk, Quik,} quick, living (_pl._ _quykeȝ_, A. 1179; B. 567), B. 324.
Quyl, while, B. 627.
Quyte, requite, reward, A. 595; B. 1632.
Quyte, white, A. 220, 842, 844.

Raas = rase, rese, way, course, A. 1167. A.S. _ræs_, way, course,
race. Sw. _resa_.
Rac, storm, vapour, B. 433. N.Prov.E. _rack_, driving clouds, clouds
driven along by the wind.
“A _rak_ and a royde wynde rose in her saile.” --(T. B. 1984)
Rachche, proceed, go, B. 619. A.S. _ræcan_, to reach, extend. O.H.G.
_rechen_. N.Prov.E. _ratch_, stretch. Perhaps _rachche_ is a
softened form of _rayke_ (Icel. _reika_, to go), to go. S.Sax.
_ruchen_.
Rad, frightened, B. 1543. Sw. _raedd_, afraid. N.Prov.E. _rade_.
“In a _rad_ haste.” --(T. B. 917.)
“Vn-to the gryselyche gost Syr Gauane is gone,
And rayket to hit in a res, for he was neuyr _radde_;
_Rad_ was he neuyr ȝette, quoso ryȝte redus.”
--(The Anturs of Arther, p. 5; ix. 8, 9.)
Radde, advised, C. 406 (_pret._ of _rede_, to advise). See _Rede_.
Radly, readily, quickly. A.S. _rád_, ready, quick; _rádlice_,
speedily.
“The sight of þat semely sanke in hir herte,
And rauysshed hir _radly_ þe rest of hir sawle.” --(T. B. 462)
Raft, bereft, took, (_pret._ of _reve_), B. 1142, 1431; taken,
B. 1739. See _Reue_.
Rak, C. 176. See _Rac_.
Rakel, hasty, rash, C. 526. N.Prov.E. _rackle_.
Rakente, chain (?), C. 188. A.S. _raccenta_.
Rakke, C. 139. See _Rac_.
Ramelande, fetid, filthy, C. 279. Prov.E. _ram_, fetid; _rammely_,
tall, rank; _ramel_, rubbish, dirt.
Randeȝ, paths, borders, A. 105. A.S. _rand_, _rond_, a border, rim,
edge.
Rank, strong, severe, B. 233. Fris. _rank_, long-grown, rank. Dan.
_rank_, upright. See T. B. 1392, 1879.
Ranker, rancour, B. 756.
Rape, blow, B. 233. Sw. _rapp_.
Rapely, quickly, A. 363, 1168. O.E. _rape_, haste. O.N. _rápa_,
cursitare. In T. B. rape = to hasten (818).
Rasch, A. 1167.
Rasp, B. 1545, 1724.
Rasse, summit, top, B. 446. N.Prov.E. _raise_, a mound, cairn. O.N.
_reysa_.
Ratted, rent, ragged, B. 144; from O.E. _ratte_, to tear, rend.
N.Prov.E. _rats_, pieces, fragments. Fris. _rite_, tear, pull.
“Thane the Romayns relevyde that are ware rebuykkyde,
And alle _to-rattys_ oure mene with theire risté horsses.”
--(Morte Arthure, E. E. T. S. 2235.)
{Rauþe, Rawþe,} = ruth, pity, sorrow, A. 858; B. 233, 972; mercy,
C. 21.
Raue, A. 363, 665.
Rauen, B. 455.
Rauyste, ravished, A. 1088.
Rawe, row, “vpon a _rawe_,” in a row, in order, A. 545.
Raweȝ, rows, borders, A. 105.
Raw-sylk, B. 790.
Raxled, roused up, A. 1174. A.S. _ræscian_, to shake, rustle. O.N.
_ruska_. Sc. _rax_, to stretch.
Ray, A. 160.
Raykande, going, flowing, A. 112; B. 382.
Rayke, go, B. 465, 671; C. 89. O.N. _reka_. N.Prov.E. _rake_, to go
about.
Raynande, raining, B. 382.
Rayn-ryfte, rain-fissure, B. 368.
Raysoun, reason, cause, A. 268; C. 191.
{Raȝt, Raȝte,} afforded, extended (_pret._ of _rache_), B. 561, 766,
1691. See _Rachche_.
Reame, realm, B. 1316.
Rebaude, ribald, B. 873. Fr. _ribald_, from O.H.G. _hrúpa_,
a prostitute. (Burguy.)
Rebel, B. 455.
Rebounde, B. 422.
Rebuke, A. 367.
Recen, tell, A. 827. A.S. _recan_.
Reche, reach, extend, B. 10, 1369.
{Rech, Reche,} reck, care, A. 333; B. 465. A.S. _récan_.
Reche = reke, smoke, B. 1009. A.S. _reác_.
Recorde, _sb._ A. 831; _vb._ B. 25.
Recoverer, recovery, B. 394.
Rede, _vb._ to counsel, advise, B. 1346; explain, B. 1578. A.S.
_rædan_.
{Redles, Redeles,} without counsel, uncertain, fearful, B. 1197;
C. 502.
Refete, feed, refresh, A. 88; C. 20.
Reflayr, smell, A. 46; odour, B. 1079. Fr. _flairer_, to smell. Prov.
Fr. _flairar_, to smell, sniff.
Refrayne, B. 756.
Reget, A. 1064.
Regretted, A. 243.
Regioun, A. 1178; B. 760, 964.
Rehayte, cheer, B. 127. O.Fr. _rehaiter._
Reiatéȝ, kingdoms, royalties, A. 769. O.Fr. _reiauté_ = _reialté_,
royalty.
Reken, beautiful, A. 5, 906; joyous, A. 92; merry, B. 1082; pious,
B. 10, 738; wise, B. 756. See Wright’s Lyrical Poems, p. 27. A.S.
_recan_. O.S. _recon_, to order, direct. Pl. D. _reken_, right,
straight, orderly.
Rekenly, nobly, princely, B. 127, 1318.
Rekken up, B. 2.
Relande, reeling, C. 270.
Rele, reel, roll, C. 147.
{Reles, Relece,} cessation, A. 956; B. 760.
Releue, C. 323.
Relusaunt, shining, A. 159. O.Fr. _reluire_, to shine.
Relygioun, B. 7, 1156.
Relyke, B. 1156, 1269.
Reme, realm, A. 448, 735.
Reme, lament, cry, A. 858, 1181; C. 502. A.S. _hreman_.
Remembre, C. 326.
Remnaunt, remainder, A. 1160; B. 433.
Remorde, grieved, A. 364.
{Remue, Remwe,} remove, A. 427, 899; B. 646, 1673.
Renay, reject, forsake, B. 105; C. 344.
{Renge, Rengne,} reign, B. 328, 1321.
Rengneȝ, courses, B. 527. A.S. _ryne_, course.
Renischche, foreign, strange, B. 96. See _Runische_.
{Renk, Renke,} a man, originally a warrior, B. 7, 96, 766, 969. A.S.
_rinc_. O.N. _reckr_.
Renne, run, B. 527, 1392.
Renoun, A. 986, 1182.
Renowleȝ, renews, A. 1080.
Renyschly, fiercely, B. 1724. See _Runische_.
Reparde, kept back, A. 611.
Repayre, _vb._ A. 1028.
Repente, A. 662.
Repreue, reprove, A. 544.
Requeste, A. 281.
Rere, rise, B. 366, 423; C. 188; raise, B. 873; proceed, A. 160.
Rert, if not _rered_, raised = _ert_, powerful, A. 591. Cf. _ertid_.
T. B. 2641, 4841.
Res, onset, assault, B. 1782. See _Raas_.
Reset, resting place, seat, abode, A. 1067.
{Resonabele, Resounable,} A. 523; B. 724.
Resoun, A. 665, 716; B. 1633.
Respecte, “in respecte of,” A. 84.
Respyt, A. 644.
Resse, “on resse,” in course, A. 874. See _Raas_.
Restay, keep back, restrain, A. 716, 1168.
Restleȝ = restless, unceasing, B. 527.
Restore, A. 659; B. 1705.
Retrete, treat of, A. 92.
Reue, bereave, C. 487. A.S. _refian_, _reafian_. O.Fris. _râva_.
Reuel, B. 1369.
Reuer, river, A. 105.
{Reuerence, Reverens,} B. 10, 1318.
Rewarde, A. 604.
Rewfully, sorrowfully, A. 1181.
Rewled, ruled, ordered, B. 294.
Reynyeȝ, reins, B. 592.
Reȝtful, rightful, B. 724.
Rial, royal, B. 1082.
Rialté, royalty, B. 1321.
Ridlande, dropping (as out of a sieve), oozing, B. 953. A.S.
_hriddel_, a sieve; _hridrian_, to sift.
Riboudrye, ribaldry, B. 184.
Rigge, back, C. 379. A.S. _hrycg_.
Rifteȝ, pieces, fragments, B. 964.
Ring = rink, man, B. 592. See _Renk_.
Robbor, B. 1269.
Roborrye, B. 184.
Roche, rock, B. 537.
Rode, cross, A. 705; C. 96.
Rok, crowd, throng, B. 1514. Sc. _rok_. O.Sw. _rok_, cumulus.
Rollande, curly, waving, B. 790.
Rome = roam, go, C. 52.
Romy, roar, howl, B. 1543. A.S. _reomian_, to cry out. O.E. _rome_.
Sc. _rame_. Sw. _raama_.
Ronk = rank, fine, A. 844; bold, A. 1167; C. 490; bad, B. 455, 760;
full grown, B. 869; _sb._ boldness, C. 298.
Ronkly, fiercely, C. 431.
Rop, rope, C. 150.
Rop, gut, intestine, C. 270. N.Prov.E. _ropps_, the guts. A.S.
_roppas_, the bowels, entrails, the _raps_. Cf. A.S. _rop_-weorc,
the colic.
“Huervore he (the liar) is ase the gamelos (chameleon), thet
leveth by the eyr, and naȝt ne heth ine his _roppes_ bote wynd,
and heth ech manere colour, thet ne heth non (of) his oȝen.”
--(The Ayenbite of Inwyt, E. E. T. S. p. 62.)
Rore, roar, cry, B. 390, 1543.
Rose, praise, B. 1371. Sc. _ruse_. Sw. _rosa_. Dan. _rose_, to praise.
{Rot, Rote,} root, A. 26.
Rote, _sb._ rot, decay, B. 1079.
Rote, lyre of seven strings, B. 1082. O.H.G. _hrotta_. M.H.G. _rotte_.
W. _crwth_. Eng. _crowd_.
Roþeled, prepared, B. 59; rushed, hastened, B. 890. A.S. _hrathian_,
to be quick. Or from Welsh _rhuthr_, a sudden gust, onset, assault.
Lanc. _rhute_, passion. Sc. _ruther_, uproar.
Roþer, rudder, B. 419.
Roþun, rush, B. 1009. See _Roþeled_.
Roum, room, B. 96.
Roun = rune, discourse, C. 514. A.S. _rún_, a letter, character,
mystery, council, conversation.
Rourde, sound, A. 112. A.S. _reord_, _reard_, speech, language.
Route, snore, C. 186. Fr. _router_. O.N. _rauta_, to roar, bellow.
“Dormiendo sonare, Anglice to _rowtyn_.”
--(MS. Bibl. Reg. 12 B. i. f. 88.)
Rownande, murmuring, A. 112.
Rowned, sounded, C. 64. A.S. _rúnian_, to whisper.
Rowtande, rushing, B. 354. “A _routond_ rayn,” T. B. 1986.
Rowte, company, band, host, B. 969, 1197, 1782.
Rowwe, row, C. 216.
Royl, royal, B. 790.
{Roȝ, Roȝe,} rough, B. 382, 1724; C. 139, 147; roughness, B. 1545;
C. 144.
Roȝly, roughly, B. 433. Is it an error for _rwly_, sorrowful?
Roȝt, cared for (_pret._ of _reche_), C. 460.
Ruchen, fettle, set in order, C. 101. M.H.G. _rechen_. O.S. _recon_.
A.S. _recan_, to order, direct.
“(He) _riches_ him radly to ride and remowis his ost.”
--(K. Alex. p. 172.)
“[The king] Ricchis his reynys.” --(T. B. 1231.)
Ruddon, light, literally redness, B. 893. O.N. _rodna_, rubescere,
erubescere; _rodi_, rubor, rubigo. Prov.E. _roaded_, _rody_,
streaked.
Rudnyng, ? lightning, C. 139. See _Ruddon_.
Rueled, rushed, B. 953. O.N. _hrolla_. Dan. _rulle_.
Ruful, sorrowful, pitiful, A. 916.
Runnen (_p.p._ of _rinne_), run, A. 26, 874.
Runisch, strange, B. 1545. A.S. _rénisc_, hidden; from _rún_,
a mystery.
Runyschly, fiercely, roughly, C. 191. _Renisch_ or _runisch_,
signifies not only strange but fierce, rough. N.Prov.E. _rennish_,
_rinnish_, furious.
“Than has sire Dary dedeyne and derfely he lokes;
Rysys him up _renysche_ and reȝt in his sete.”
--(K. Alex. p. 100.)
Rurd, cry, noise, B. 390; C. 64. A.S. _reord_.
Ruþe, arouse, B. 895, 1208. See _Roþeled_.
Ruyt, hasten, endeavour, C. 216. Fris. _rite_, to pull.
Rwe, to pity, C. 176, 502; _vb. impers._ _rwe_, repent, B. 290, 561.
A.S. _hreówan_, to rue, repent, grieve; _hreówian_, to be sorry for.
Rwly = ruly, sorrowfully, piteously, B. 390; C. 96.
Ryal, royal, A. 160; B. 786.
Ryally, royally, A. 987; B. 812.
Rybaude, ribald, C. 96.
Rybe, ruby, A. 1007.
Ryche, kingdom, A. 601, 722. A.S. _ríce_.
Ryche, rich, A. 770.
Rydelande, drifting, C. 254. See _Ridlande_.
Rydelles, without counsel, uncertain, B. 969. See _Redeles_.
Ryf = rife, abundant, plentiful, A. 770, 844. A.S. _ryf_, frequent.
O.N. _rifr_.
“Forþi he hight (promised) þam giftes _riif_,
Þat suld bring David of his liif;
In feild and tun, in frith and felle,
Saul soght David for to quelle.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 43a.)
{Ryg, Ryge,} rain, torrent, shower, B. 354, 382. O.N. _hregg_. A.S.
_racu_. N.Prov.E. _rag_.
Ryngande, ringing, B. 1082.
Rynk, man, C. 216. See _Renk_.
Rypande, searching, trying, B. 592. O.E. _rype_, to probe, plunder.
A.S. _rypan_; N.Prov.E. to investigate.
“Now if ye have suspowse to Gille or to me,
Com and _rype_ oure howse, and then may ye se who had hir.”
--(Town. Myst. p. 112.)
See State Papers, i. 295.
Rysed, rose, B. 1778.
Ryth, a hound, mastiff, B. 1543. A.S. _riththa_, a mastiff.
Ryȝt, right, A. 622.
Ryȝtwys, righteous, right, A. 675; C. 490.
Ryȝtwysly, aright, A. 709.

{Sacrafyce, Sacrefyce,} B. 510, 1447; C. 239.
{Sad, Sade, Sadde,} sad, staid, solemn, A. 211, 887; B. 595; long,
B. 1286; bitter, B. 525.
Sadele, saddle, B. 1213.
Sadly, soundly, heavily, C. 442.
Saf, safe, secure, A. 672.
Saf, save, except, B. 1749.
{Saffer, Safyre,} sapphire, A. 1002; B. 1469.
Sage, B. 1576.
Saghe = saw, word, A. 226. See _Saw_.
Sake, fault, A. 800; C. 84. A.S. _sacu_.
Sakerfyse, sacrifice, A. 1064; B. 507.
Sakleȝ = sakeless, innocent, faultless, B. 716. Sc. _sackless_. O.N.
_saklaus_, innocent. See _Sake_.
Sakred, hallowed, B. 1139.
Sale, hall, palace, B. 120, 1260, 1722. A.S. _sal_. T. B. 1657.
Samen, _adv._ together, at once, A. 518; B. 400, 468; _adj._ B. 985.
O.N. _saman_.
Samen, to consort with, B. 870. A.S. _samnian_, to assemble, collect.
Samne, assemble, B. 53.
Samned, assembled, B. 126, 361.
Samnes (_imp._ of _samne_), C. 385.
Sample, example, A. 499; B. 1326.
Sapyence, wisdom, B. 1626.
Sardiner, sardine stone, B. 1469.
Sardonyse, sardonyx, A. 1006.
Sarre (_comp._ of _sare_), sorer, more painful, B. 1195; _superl._
_sarrest_, B. 1078.
Sattle, settle, C. 409. N.Prov.E. _sattle_.
{Sau, Saue,} = saw, word, B. 1545.
Sauce, B. 823.
Saudan, sultan, B. 1323.
{Saule, Sawle,} soul, A. 461; B. 290; C. 325.
Saundyuer, sandever, glass-gall, B. 1036.
Sauter, psalter, A. 677.
Sauteray, psaltery, B. 1516.
Saue, A. 666.
Sauer, _vb._ savour, B. 825.
Sauerly, savourly, sweet, A. 226.
{Sauor, Savour,} B. 510, 995, 1447; C. 275.
Sauyté, safety, B. 489.
{Saw, Sawe,} word, A. 278; B. 109. A.S. _sagu_.
Sayde = sadde, stedfast, B. 470.
Saym, fat, grease, C. 275. Prov.E. _saim_, seam, lard. W. _saim_.
Sayned, blessed, B. 746. A.S. _senian_. Ger. _segnen_, to bless.
“Swa sal I _saine_ þe in lif mine,
Sic benedicam te in vita mea,
And sal lift mi handes in name thine,
Et in nomine tuo levabo manus meas.” --(Psalm lxii. 5.)
Saynt, A. 835.
{Saȝ, Saȝe,} word, B. 1599, 1737. See _Saw_.
Saȝ, saw, A. 1021.
{Saȝt, Saȝte,} reconciliation, A. 1201; _adj._ at peace, A. 52. A.S.
_saht_, peace; _saht_, reconciled; _sahtlian_, to reconcile.
Saȝtled, appeased, reconciled, B. 230, 1139.
Saȝtled, settled, restored, B. 445; became calm, C. 232.
Saȝtlyng, reconciliation, peace, B. 490, 1795.
Saȝttel, to be calm, patient, C. 529.
Scale, A. 1005.
Scape, escape, B. 62, 529, 928; C. 155.
Scarre = scare, _vb._ be frightened, B. 598, 838; scatter, B. 1784.
N.Prov.E. _skair_, wild, timid. S.Sax. _skerren_, to terrify.
Scaþe, harm, ruin, wrong, sin, B. 21, 196, 569, 600, 1148.
Scaþe, to break, destroy, B. 1776. A.S. _scethan_, to injure, hurt,
harm. _Sceththe_, injury, loss, guilt.
Scaþel, dangerous, C. 155. Goth. _skathuls_. O.H.G. _scadhal_,
hurtful.
“Lokez the contree be clere the corners are large:
Discoveres now sekerly skrogges and other,
That no _skathelle_ (hurtful thing) in the skroggez skorne us
here-aftyre;
Loke ȝe skyfte it so that no _skathe_ lympe.”
--(Morte Arthure, pp. 137-8.)
Ascalphus, a _skathel_ duke, T. B. 4067.
Scelt, spread, served (?), B. 827.
Schad, descended, B. 1690.
Schadowed, shaded, A. 42.
Schaftes, beams, rays, A. 982; C. 455. A.S. _sceaft_, dart, arrow.
“(He) had on a mitre
Was forged all of fyne gold, and fret fulle of perrils,
Stiȝt staffulle of stanes that straȝt out bemes
As it ware schemerand _schaftis_ of the schire sonne.”
--(K. Alex. p. 53.)
{Schalk, Schalkke,} man, fellow, B. 762, 1029; C. 476. A.S. _scealc_,
a warrior, serving man. Goth. _skalks_. O.S. _scalc_. O.N. _skálkr_.
Schape, devise, form, C. 247; endeavour, B. 762; happen, C. 160. A.S.
_scapan_, to appoint, shape, create. O.N. _skapa_.
Schauen, shaven, scraped, B. 1134.
Schawe, show, B. 1599.
{Schawe, Schaȝe,} grove, thicket, wood, A. 284; C. 452. Prov.E.
_scow_, _shaw_. O.N. _skógr_, Dan. _skov_, a wood.
Schede, depart, A. 411.
Scheldeȝ, shields (of a boar), B. 58.
Schende, ruin, destroy, B. 519. A.S. _scendan_, to confound, shame,
destroy.
Schended, accursed, C. 246.
Schene = sheen, _sb._ bright, beautiful, A. 166, 965; brightness,
C. 440; _adj._ A. 203, 1145; B. 1076, 1310. A.S. _sceone_,
beautiful; _scine_, splendour.
{Schent, Schente,} destroyed, A. 668; B. 1029; ruined, B. 47, 580.
Schep, sheep, A. 801.
Schepon, stall, stable, B. 1076. A.S. _scypen_.
Schere, divide, separate, A. 107; purify, A. 165. A.S. _scéran_, to
divide.
Schet, shut, C. 452.
Schin, shall, B. 1435. See “Liber Cure Cocorum,” p. 29, l. 29.
“For in a slac thou shalle be slayn,
Seche ferlès _schyn_ falle!”
--(The Anturs of Arther, p. 12, xxiii. 13.)
Schome, shame, B. 1115.
Schomely, shamefully, C. 128.
Schonied, shunned, B. 1101.
Schor, shower, B. 227.
Schore, shore, A. 230.
Schorne (gold), purified, refined, A. 213. See _Schere_.
Schortly, quickly, hastily, B. 519, 600.
Schowte, shout, A. 877.
Schowue, shove, B. 44, 1029, 1740.
Schrewe, a wicked person, a wretch, B. 186; C. 77.
Schrewedschyp, wickedness, B. 580.
Schrowde, clothing, B. 47, 170. A.S. _scrúd_, garment, shroud.
Schrylle = shrill, clear, A. 80.
Schulder, shoulder, B. 981, 1690.
Schunt = aside, aslant, B. 605. O.E. _shunt_, to slip aside, withdraw.
A.S. _scunian_, to shun. Du. _schuins_, slope, slant.
“He schodirde and schrenkys and _shontes_ bott lyttille.”
--(Morte Arthure, p. 354.)
“ȝa werpes tham up (the ȝates) quoth
the wee, and wide open settes,
If at ȝe schap ȝow to _schount_ unschent
of oure handes.” --(K. Alex. p. 73.)
Schylde, to shield, A. 965; C. 440.
Schyldere, shoulder, A. 214.
Schym, bright, A. 1077. A.S. _scima_, a brightness. M.H.G. _schîm_.
A.S. _sciman_, to glitter, shine. See T. B. 4974.
Schymeryng, _sb._ brightness, A. 80. A.S. _scimrian_, to shine. Du.
_schémeren_, to dazzle. Sw. _skimra_, to glitter.
Schyn, shall, B. 1810. See _Schin_.
Schynde, shone, A. 80.
{Schyr, Schyre,} brightly, A. 28; bright, beautiful, A. 42, 284;
B. 553, 605, 1278; bare, B. 1690. Comp. _schyrrer_, A. 982. A.S.
_scír_, _sheer_, pure, clear, bright. See T. B. 1269.
Sclade = slade, valley, green plain, A. 1148. A.S. _slæd_.
Sclaȝt, slaughter, B. 56.
Scoghe, scoff, or perhaps perverseness, backsliding, A. 610. A.S.
_sceoh_, askew, perverse.
Scole, cup, B. 1145. O.N. _skál_. Dan. _skaal_.
Scolere, scholar, B. 1554.
Scomfyt, to discomfit, B. 1784.
Scope, scoop, C. 155.
{Scorn, Scorne,} _vb._ B. 709; _sb._ B. 827.
Scoumfit, discomfited, B. 151.
Scowte-wach, sentinel, guard, B. 838.
“Thane the price mene prekes and proves theire horsez,
Satilles to the cete appone sere halfes;
Enserches the subbarbes sadly thare-aftyre,
And skyrmys a lyttille;
Skayres thaire skottefers
And theire _skowtte-waches_.” --(Morte Arthure, p. 206.)
Scoymous, particular, scrupulous, fearful, B. 21, 1148.
Scrof, rough, B. 1546.
Scrypture, writing, B. 1546.
Scue. See _Skewe_.
Scylle, wit, B. 151. It signifies also reason, cause. O.N. _skil_.
Scylful, wise, B. 1148.
{Sech, Seche,} seek, A. 354; B. 29, 420.
Seele, joy, happiness, C. 242. A.S. _sél_, good, excellent. Cf.
_unsell_, T. B. 1961.
Sege, seat, C. 93. Fr. _siége_.
Sege, siege, B. 1185.
{Segg, Segge,} a man, servant, B. 93, 398, 549, 681. A.S. _secg_,
a man, literally a messenger, speaker; from _secgan_, to say.
Segge, say, B. 621.
Segh, saw, A. 790.
Sekke, sack, C. 382.
Selconth, a marvel, B. 1274. A.S. _sel-cúth_ = _seld-cúth_, rare,
seldom known.
Selden, seldom, A. 380. A.S. _seldan_.
Sele, happiness, bliss, C. 5. See _Seele_.
Selepe = slep, slept, C. 186.
Self, very, A. 1046; same, B. 1769.
Selly, a marvel, C. 140; wonderfully, C. 353. A.S. _séllíc_, _síllíc_,
worthy, wonderful; _séllíce_, wonderfully.
“For thou has samned, as men sais, a _selly_ noimbre
Of wrichis and wirlinges out of the west endis,
Of laddis and of losengers and of litille thevys.”
--(K. Alex. p. 59.)
See T. B. 1544.
Sely, fortunate, blessed, happy, A. 659; B. 490. See _Seele_.
Sem, seam, B. 555.
Semblaunt, appearance, cheer, A. 211, 1143; B. 131, 640.
Semblé, assembly, B. 126.
Sembled, assembled, C. 177.
Seme, seemly, A. 190; B. 549, 1810. O.Sw. _sæma_. Dan. _sömme_, to be
fitting, bear one’s self becomingly. O.N. _sæmr_, seemly.
Seme, to be fitting, become, B. 793.
Semed, A. 760.
{Semely, Semly, Semlych,} seemly, beautiful, A. 34, 789; B. 209, 1442.
Comp. _sem-loker_, B. 868.
Sengeley, ever, constantly, A. 8. A.S. _singallíce_, perpetually.
{Ser, Sere,} diverse, various, separate, B. 358; _ser kynde_, B. 507;
_sere course_, B. 1418; _ser wyse_, C. 12.
Serelych, severally, separately, C. 193.
Sergaunt, a royal servant, a squire, B. 109.
Serges, wax tapers, B. 1489. Lat. _cerea_.
Seriaunte, sergeant, C. 385. See _Sergaunt_.
Serkyndeȝ, diverse kinds, B. 336.
Serlypeȝ, diverse, different, separate, A. 994.
Sermoun, discourse, speech, A. 1185.
Sertain, certainly, A. 685.
Seruage, bondage, B. 1257.
Seruaunt, A. 699; B. 631.
Serue, avail, A. 331.
Serue, deserve, A. 553; B. 1115.
Seruyse, B. 1152, 1401.
Sese, cease, B. 523; _seseȝ_, let cease, C. 391.
Sesoune, season, B. 523.
{Sessed, Sesed,} took possession of, A. 417; B. 1313.
{Sete, Seete,} sat, A. 161; B. 1171. _pl._ _seten_, B. 1763.
Sete, seat, C. 24.
Seþe = seethe, boil, B. 631.
{Seue, Seve,} = sewe, sew, a kind of pottage, B. 108, 825.
Sewer, the officer who set and removed the dishes, tasted them, etc.,
B. 639.
Sewrté, surety, C. 58.
Sexte, sixth, A. 1007.
Seyed, passed, B. 353.
“_Seyet_ furth with sory chere.” --(T. B. 2512.)
Seysoun, season, A. 39.
Seȝ, saw, A. 158, 531, 698; B. 209.
Side-borde, B. 1398.
Siue, sieve, B. 226.
Skarmoch, fight, skirmish, B. 1186.
Skaþe, harm, danger, sin, B. 151, 598, 1186. See _Scaþe_.
Skele, dish, B. 1405.
Skelt, scattered, spread, B. 1186, 1206. O.E. _skale_, to scatter.
N.Prov.E. _scale_, to spread. See Hall, Richard III. f. 15. A.S.
_scylan_, to separate, divide; _pret._ _scel_.
“Skairen out skoute wacche for _skeltyng_ of harme.”
--(T. B. 1089, 6042.)
Skelt, hasten, run, B. 1554. Sw. _skala_, to scamper, scour.
Skete, quick, sudden, B. 1186; quickly, C. 195. See T. B. 13672. O.N.
_skjótt_.
Skewe, sky, cloud, B. 1206, 1759. Sw. _sky_, a cloud. A.S. _scúa_,
a shadow.
Skowte, look, search, B. 483. See T. B. 1089.
Skoymous, B. 598. See _Scoymous_.
Skwe, sky, B. 483.
Skyfte, devise, order, ordain, A. 569. A.S. _scyftan_.
Skyfte, shift, change, B. 709. Sw. _skifta_.
Skyg, scrupulous, careful, B. 21. Sw. _skygg_, shy. N.Prov.E. _sky_,
to shun.
{Skyl, Skyle,} reason, wit, A. 312; _by skylle_, rightly, reasonably,
A. 674; ordinance, B. 709; meaning, B. 1554. See _Scylle_.
Skylleȝ, doubts, A. 54.
Skylly, device, purpose, B. 529.
Skyly, excuse, B. 62.
Skyre = shire = sheer, clear, B. 1776. See _Schyre_.
Skyrme, screams (?), B. 483.
“Scho gaffe _skirmande_ skrikes at all the skowis range.”
--(K. Alex. p. 176.)
Or does it here signify to look about, like Prov.E. skime? O.N.
_Skima_, to look about.
Skyualde, ordained, manifested, B. 529. Prof. Child suggests Somerset,
_scaffle_, scramble, scuffle. See _Skyfte_.
Slade, valley, A. 141.
Slake, absolve (lit. to loosen), A. 942. A.S. _sleacian_, to slacken.
Slauþe, sloth, B. 178.
Slaȝt, slaughter, A. 801.
Slaȝte, stroke, A. 59; C. 192. A.S. _slagan_, to strike, beat, kill.
Sleke, assuage, lessen, B. 708. See _Slake_.
Slente = slant, a slope, declivity, A. 141. Sw. _slinta_, to slip.
Slep, slept, C. 466.
Sloberande, slobbering, drivelling, C. 186. _Slobber_ is evidently
formed from _slob_, _slab_, in the same way as _blubber_ is formed
from _blob_, _blab_, a drop. Cf. “_Slobur_ or _blobur_, of fysshe
and other like Burbulum.” (Prompt. Parv.) O.E. _slab_. Prov.E.
_slob_, thick, slimy. Ir. _slaib_, mud, ooze. O.N. _sluppra_. Dan.
_slubbre_, to sip, sup. Du. _slubberen_, to hang loose and slack.
Slode, slid, A. 59.
Sloghe, slow, C. 466.
Sloue, slew, B. 1264.
Sloumbe, slumber, C. 186, 466. N.Prov.E. _sloomy_, dronish, slow;
_sloum_, _sloom_, slumber. O.E. _slome_, _sleme_, to sleep. A.S.
_sluma_, a slumber. O.N. _slæmi_. Cf. the modern phrase, “to slumber
and sleep.”
“(Sire Telomew) cairys into a cabayne, quare the kyng ligges,
Fand him _slomande_ and on slepe, and sleely him rayses.”
--(K. Alex. p. 176.)
Slow, slew, B. 1221.
Sluchched, muddy, dirty, C. 341. Prov.E. _slutch_, mud; _slotch_,
a sloven; _slotching_, slovenly.
Slyde, fall, C. 466.
“And _slydyn_ uppon slepe by slomeryng of age.” --(T. B. 6.)
Slyke, slide, slip. O.N. _slikja_, to make smooth. See _Atslyke_.
Slyp, stroke, blow, B. 1264.
Slyppe, go, glide, make off, slip away, B. 985; fall, C. 186. A.S.
_slipan_.
Slyppe, escape, B. 1785. Sw. _slippa_, to escape.
Slyȝt, slight, A. 190.
Slyȝt, wisdom, B. 1289; device, C. 130. O.E. _sleghe_, _sleȝe_, wise.
O.N. _slægr_.
Smach, scent, smell, B. 461, 1019. A.S. _smæc_. Prov.E. _smatch_,
flavour.
Smachande, smelling, savouring, B. 955.
Smartly, quickly, B. 711.
Smod, stain, filth, B. 711. Sc. _smot_, _smad_. O.Sw. _smuts_, spot,
stain. Dan. _smuds_, dirty. Pl. D. _smuddern_, to dirty.
Smolderande, smouldering, smothering, B. 955.
Smolt, be at peace, quiet, B. 732. A.S. _smolt_, serene, clear.
Prov.E. _molt_-water, clear exudation; _smolt_, smooth, clear.
See _Smelt_, T. B. 1669.
Smolt{es}; so in MS., but ? an error for smolt{e} = smelt, B. 461.
“A smoke _smulte_ through his nase.” --(T. B. 911.)
Smoþe, smooth, A. 6.
Smoþely, quietly, B. 732.
Smylt, decayed (?), B. 226. Sw. _multna_, to moulder. Dan. _smuldre_,
to crumble, moulder.
Snaw, snow, B. 222.
Soberly, quietly, A. 256; courteously, decently, B. 117, 799, 1497.
See T. B. 248.
Sobre, gentle, A. 532.
Sodanly, suddenly, A. 1098; B. 1769.
Soerly, an error for _Soberly_, B. 117.
Soffer, suffer, A. 940.
Soffraunce, forbearance, C. 417.
Soghe, sow, C. 67.
Soghe, moan, C. 391. A.S. _swógan_, _swégan_, to make a noise, howl.
O.S. _suôgan_.
Sok, _sb._ suck, C. 391.
Sokored, succoured, C. 261.
Solace, A. 130; B. 870, 1080.
Solased, B. 131.
{Solemne, Solempne,} B. 1171, 1447; C. 239.
Solempnely, B. 37.
{Solemneté, Solempneté,} B. 1313, 1678, 1757.
{Solie, Soly,} throne, B. 1171, 1678. A.S. _sylla_, a chair; _salo_,
a hall, palace.
Somere, B. 1686.
{Sommoun, Somone,} _vb._ B. 1498; _sb._ summons, A. 1098.
Sonde, sand, C. 341.
Sonde = sande, message, word, A. 943; messenger, B. 53, 781. A.S.
_sánd_.
Sondeȝ-mon, messenger, B. 469.
Sone, soon, B. 461.
{Sonet, Sonete,} B. 1415, 1516.
Songen, _pl._ sang, B. 1763.
Sope, sup, B. 108.
Soper, supper, B. 107, 829, 997, 1763.
{Sor, Sore,} sorrow, A. 130; C. 242, 507; _adv._ sorely, A. 550;
B. 290.
Sorewe, sorrow, B. 778.
Sorquydryȝe = surquedrie, presumption, arrogance, conceit, A. 309.
Sorsers, sorcerers, B. 1579.
Sorsory, sorcery, B. 1576.
Sorte, lot, C. 193.
{Sorȝ, Sorȝe,} sorrow, A. 352; B. 75, 563, 1080.
{Soth, Soþe,} true, truth, A. 482, 653; B. 515; _soþes_, truths,
B. 1598. A.S. _sóth_.
Soþefast, faithful, B. 1491.
Sothfol, truthful, A. 498.
{Soþly, Soþely,} truly, B. 299, 654, 657.
Sotte, fool, sot, B. 581; C. 501. A.S. _sot_. See T. B. 1961.
Sotyle, subtle, A. 1050.
Soufre, sulphur, B. 954.
Soumme, company, C. 509.
Soun, sound, word, A. 532; C. 429; to sound, B. 973, 1670.
Sounande, sounding, A. 883.
Souped, supped, B. 833.
Sour, bad, vile, B. 192. Cf. “Soory or defowlyd yn _sowr_ or filth.
Cenosus.” (Prompt. Parv.)
Souȝed, sobbed, sighed, C. 140. See T. B. 342. Prov.E. _sugh_, _sow_,
_suff_, to murmur. O.Sc. _swouch_, a noise, sound. A.S. _swoeg_,
a noise; _swógan_, to sound, howl. Du. _zwoegen_, to pant, puff.
Souerayn, B. 93, 552.
Soyle, soil, earth, B. 1039, 1387; C. 443.
Soȝt, sought, A. 518, 730; _soȝt to_, reached, B. 510, 563; made for,
C. 249; endeavoured, B. 1286.
Spak, quickly, C. 104; _spakest_, boldest, C. 169.
Spakk, spake, A. 938.
Spakly, certainly, surely, quickly, B. 755; C. 338.
Spare, spar, C. 104, 338. Sw. _sparre_. O.H.G. _sparro_.
Sparred, spurred, rushed, A. 1169.
Spec, speck, B. 551.
{Special, Specyal,} A. 235, 938; B. 1492.
Sped, help, B. 1607.
Spede, prosper, B. 511; hasten, B. 551.
Spedly, quickly, B. 1729.
Sped-whyle, a short space of time, a moment, B. 1285.
Speke, spoke, B. 1220.
Spelle, tell, relate, A. 793.
Spelle, speech, A. 363. A.S. _spell_.
Spenned, folded, A. 49. O.N. _spenna_. A.S. _spannan_.
Spenned, allured, enticed away, A. 53. A.S. _spanan_. N.Prov.E.
_span_, to wean from.
Spiritually, B. 1492.
Spitous, fell, abominable, B. 845.
Spitously, fiercely, angrily, B. 1220.
Sponne = spun, grew, A. 35.
Spornande, rushing, dashing, A. 363. O.E. _sporn_, _spurn_, to dash.
A.S. _spurnan_.
“Now aithir stoure on ther stedis,
_Spurnes_ out spakly with speris in hand.” --(K. Alex. p. 27.)
Spot, blemish, A. 12, 764.
Spote, place, spot, A. 13; B. 551.
Spotleȝ, spotless, pure, A. 856.
Spotty, to defile, A. 1070.
Spoyle, B. 1285, 1774.
{Sprad, Spradde,} spread (_pret._ of _sprede_), B. 1607; C. 365.
Sprange, sprung, A. 13.
Sprawlyng, B. 408.
Sprete = sprit (as in bow-sprit), C. 104. A.S. _sprit_.
Sprude = spread, fasten, C. 104.
Spryngande, springing, A. 35.
Spuniande = spinnande, sticky, cleaving, B. 1038. _Pynnand_ occurs in
this sense in the Northern Romance of Alexander, p. 142.
“Than vmbyclappis thaim a cloude and covirs all ovir,
As any _pynnand_ pik (pitch) the planets it hidis.”
Spure = spere, ask, inquire of, B. 1606. Sc. _speer_. A.S. _spirian_.
See T. B. 823.
Sputen = spouted, uttered, B. 845.
Sput = spat, vomited, C. 338.
{Spyce, Spyse,} A. 235, 938; _pl._ _spyseȝ_, A. 25, 35.
Spye, B. 780, 1774.
Spylt, destroyed, B. 1220.
Spyrakle, breath, spirit, B. 408.
Spysereȝ, spice-mongers, B. 1038.
Spyt, cruelty, A. 1138; vengeance, B. 755.
Spytously, B. 1285. See _Spitously_.
Stable, _adj._ A. 597; _vb._ B. 1334, 1652.
Stac (_pret._ of _steke_), closed, fastened, B. 439. See _Steke_.
{Stad, Stadde,} placed, fixed (_pret._ of _stede_), B. 806, 983, 1506.
Stage, state, A. 410.
Stal, seat, B. 1506. A.S. _stal_, _steal_.
Stale, step, degree, place, A. 1002.
Stalke, A. 152.
Stalle, place, fix, B. 1334. A.S. _stælan_.
Stalle, _vb._ bring, place, A. 188; B. 1184.
“Lia he (Jacob) _stalle_ until his bedd.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 22b.)
Stalworth, strong, B. 884; great, B. 983.
Stalworþest, bravest, B. 255.
Stamyn, threshold, B. 486.
Stanc, pool, B. 1018. N.Prov.E. _stank_. Gael. _stang_, a pool.
“_Stagnum_, a pounde, a _stanke_, a dam.”
--(MS. Harl. 2270, f. 181.)
Standen (_p.p._), stood, A. 519, 1148.
Stange, pool, B. 439. See _Stanc_.
Stape-fole, high, C. 122.
Stare, _vb._ A. 149; B. 389.
Stare, star, B. 583.
Stared, shone, B. 1506.
Staren (_3rd pers. pl. pres._), shine, A. 116. “_Staring_ stone,”
T. B. 3037. Cf. “_Staryng_, or schynyng as gaye thyngys. Rutilans.”
“_Staryñ_ or schynyñ and glyderyñ, niteo.” (Prompt. Parv.)
“Many _starand_ stanes strikes of thair helmes.”
--(K. Alex. p. 28.)
“As ai stremande sternes _stared_ alle thaire wedes.”
--(_Ibid._, p. 129.)
Start, A. 1159.
Statue, B. 995.
{Staue, Staw,} = stow, place, B. 352, 360, 480.
Stayre, shine, B. 1396. See _Staren_.
Stayre, ladder, C. 513.
Stayre, steep, high, A. 1022. A.S. _stígan_, to ascend; _stæger_,
a stair. O.E. _staire_, to ascend.
“A hundreth daies and a halfe he held be tha playnes,
Till he was comen till a cliffe, at to the cloudis semed,
That was so _staire_ and so stepe, the storé me tellis,
Miȝt ther no wee, bot with wynges, winne to the topp.”
--(K. Alex. p. 164, l. 4828.)
“With that _stairis_ he forth the stye that streȝt to the est.”
--(_Ibid._, 4834.)
Steke, fasten, shut up, close, B. 157, 352, 754, 884. N.Prov.E.
_steek_. A.S. _stician_, to stick in. O.N. _steckr_, a fold.
Stel, stole, B. 1203.
Stele, approach stealthily, B. 1778. A.S. _stélan_.
Stele, a step (of a ladder), C. 513. See _Stale_.
“This ilke laddre (that may to hevene leste) is charite,
The _stales_ gode theawis.” --(Poems of Wm. of Shoreham, p. 3.)
Stemme = stem, to stop, delay, B. 905. The same root occurs in
_stammer_, stumble, etc. Sw. _stämma_, to dam.
Stepe, step, B. 905.
{Stepe, Steppe,} bright, B. 583, 1396. S.Sax. _steap_, bright,
brilliant. “Stepe ene.” T. B. 3101. Cf. “eyen _stepe_.” Chaucer.
C. T. Prologue, l. 201.
Stere, direct, A. 623; rule, C. 27.
Sterne, star, A. 115; C. 207. O.N. _stjarna_.
Sterne (of a boat), C. 149.
Sterre, star, B. 1378.
Stewarde, B. 90.
Steuen, voice, A. 188; sound, A. 1125; B. 1203, 1402; noise, B. 1778;
command, B. 360, 463. A.S. _stefen_.
Stiffe, B. 983.
Stifly, firmly, B. 157.
Stik, fix, fasten, B. 157. See _Steke_.
Stille, dumb, B. 1523.
Stoffe, fill, B. 1184. See T. B. 2748.
Stoken, fastened, enclosed, shut (_p.p._ of _steke_), A. 1065; B. 360,
1199, 1524.
“Sothe stories ben _stoken_ up & straught out of mind.”
--(T. B. 11.)
{Stokke, Stoke,} stocks, B. 46, 157.
Stonde, stand, B. 1490.
Stonde, blow, B. 1540. A.S. _stunian_, to beat, strike. O.E. _stund_,
to strike.
“Quat! wyns (wenis) þou I am a hund,
Wit þi stans me for to _stund_.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 42b.)
Stonen, _adj._ of stone, B. 995.
Ston-harde, fast, B. 884.
Store, a great (number), A. 847.
“A _store_ man of strength and of stuerne will.” --(T. B. 538.)
Stote, stand, stop still, A. 149. Dan. _stötte_, stay, support.
S.Sax. _stuten_, to stop. Sc. _stoit_, stumble. “_Stotyng_,
Titubatus.” (Prompt. Parv.)
“Anone to the forest they found (go),
There they _stoted_ a stound.” --(Sir Degrevant, 225.)
“Ffurth he stalkis a stye, by tha stille euys,
_Stotays_ at a hey strette, studyande hym one.”
--(Morte Arthure, p. 290.)
“Than he _stotays_ for made, and alle his strenghe faylez.”
--(_Ibid._, p. 357.)
Stound, Stounde, a space of time, moment, A. 659; B. 1716; _in
stoundes_, at times, B. 1603. A.S. _stund_.
Stounde, blow, and hence sorrow, A. 20. See _Stonde_.
Stour, conflict; _bale-stour_, death pang, C. 426. Cf. _dede-stoure_,
death conflict. Hampole’s Pricke of Conscience, 1820, 5812. O.N.
_styr_.
“Son efter-ward, it was not lang,
Gain Saul þai gaf batail strang;
Þaa sarȝins þan þe king umsett,
In hard _stur_ þai samen mett;
Ful snaip it was þair, _stur_ and snelle,
The folk al fled of Israel.” --(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 43b.)
Stout, firm, stable, A. 779, 935; brave, B. 1184.
Stowed, placed, B. 113.
Stowned, troubled, astonished, C. 73. A.S. _stunian_.
Strake, struck up, sounded, B. 1402.
Strate, street, A. 1043.
Straunge, strange, B. 409.
Stray, A. 1173; B. 1199. See T. B. 6258.
Strayne, strain, A. 128; labour, A. 691; pain, B. 1540; trouble,
C. 234.
Strayt, B. 880, 1199.
{Strech, Streche,} stretch, A. 843, 971; B. 905.
Stremande, shining, A. 115. See extract under the word _Staren_.
Strenkle, scatter, B. 307.
Strenþe, strength, B. 1155, 1430.
Streny, strain, toil, labour, A. 551.
Streȝt, strait, A. 691; C. 234. Cf. streght, T. B. 351.
Stronde = strand, stream, river, A. 152; C. 254, 311.
“Midward þat land a wel springes,
Þat rennes out wit four _strandes_,
Fflummes farand in fer landes.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 7b.)
“Quen thai war passed over _strand_,
And raght apon þe toiþer land,
Witte yee þat þai war ful gladd.” --(_Ibid._, fol. 46a.)
Strot = strut, contest, chiding, A. 353, 848.
“O pride bicums unbuxumnes,
Strif and _strutt_ and frawardnes.”
--(The Seven Deadly Sins, in Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii.)
Stroþe, bold, fierce (?), A. 115.
Strye, destroy, B. 307, 1768; _stryed_, B. 1018.
Stryf, A. 248.
Stryke, pass, go, A. 1125. A.S. _strican_.
Strynde = strond, stream, C. 311.
Stryuande, striving, C. 311.
Stud = stede, place, B. 389, 1334.
Sturnen, strong, B. 1402.
{Styf, Styffe,} strong, A. 779; C. 234; _styfest_, strongest, B. 255.
Styfly, fast, firmly, B. 352, 1652.
Styke = stryke, walk, go (?), A. 1186.
Stykked, fixed, placed, B. 583. See _Steke_.
Stylle, secret, A. 20; B. 589, 706; quiet, B. 1203; quietly, B. 486.
See T. B. 1778.
“State from þe slyth kyng _styllé_ by night.” --(T. B. 988.)
Stylle, secretly, B. 806, 1778.
Styngande, stinging, B. 225.
Stynkande, stinking, B. 1018.
Stynst, a mistake for stynt, stop, A. 353.
Stynt, stop, B. 225, 381, 1261; stopped, C. 73. A.S. _stintan_.
Styry, stir, move, B. 403, 1720.
Stysteȝ = stynteȝ, stops, B. 359.
Styȝe, path, C. 402. A.S. _stíg_.
Styȝe, ascend, climb, B. 389. A.S. _stígan_, to ascend.
Styȝtle, place, order, fix, B. 90; C. 402. A.S. _stihtan_, to arrange,
dispose. See T. B. 1997.
“Unstithe for to stire or _stightill_ the Realme.” --(T. B. 117.)
Sued, followed, B. 681.
{Suffer, Suffre,} A. 554.
Suffraunce, endurance, patience, C. 3, 529.
Suffyse, A. 135.
{Sulp, Sulpe,} defile, pollute, B. 15, 550, 1130, 1135. O.E. _sulwe_,
to defile, soil. M.H.D. _be-sulwen_. O.N. _söla_, to pollute. Prov.
Ger. _sulpern_, unclean, to defile. The word _sulp_ (_solp_) occurs
in the Romance of K. Alexander, ed. Stevenson, but the editor
renders it “_to swallow_”!
“Oure inward enmys ilkane we inwardly drepis,
That is to say alle the sin, at _solp_ may ȝe (the ?) saule.”
--(K. Alex. p. 146.)
Sulpande, defiling, A. 726.
Sumkyn, of some kind, A. 619.
Sumoun, to summon, A. 539.
Sum quat, some sort of, B. 627.
Sum-while, formerly, C. 57.
Sunderlupes, severally, C. 12.
Suppe, B. 108; C. 151.
Supplantor, A. 440.
Sure, A. 1089.
Sum, one, “_al & sum_,” one and all, A. 584.
Surely, B. 1643; C. 315.
Sustnaunce, B. 340.
Sute (?) A. 203, 1108.
Sve = sue, follow, go after, A. 976.
Swalt, died, A. 816, 1160. See T. B. 1200, 4687. See _Swelt_.
Swaneȝ, swans, B. 58.
Swange (_pret._ of _swenge_ or _swinge_), toiled, worked, A. 586. A.S.
_swingan_, to dash, to labour.
Swange, flowed, A. 1059.
Swangeande, flowing, rushing, A. 111. See T. B. 13024.
Swap, blow, B. 222. A.S. _swipian_. O.N. _svipa_, to shake. O.E.
_swepe_, _swappe_, to beat. See T. B. 1889.
“He swynges out with a swerd and _swappis_ him to dethe.”
--(K. Alex. p. 38.)
“With a swinge of his sworde _swappit_ hym in þe fase.”
--(T. B. 1271.)
Sware, square, A. 837; B. 1386.
Sware, answer, A. 240; B. 1415. O.N. _svara_. See T. B. 1200.
Swarme, B. 223.
Swart, black, C. 363.
{Swat, Swatte,} sweated (_pret._ of _swete_), A. 586, 829.
Swayf, blow, literally, a sudden movement. See _Swayue_.
“Than Alexander . . . . .
Swythe swyngis out his swerde and his _swayfe_ feches,
The nolle of Nicollas, the kyng, he fra the nebb partis.”
--(K. Alex. p. 28.)
Swayne, swain, servant, B. 1509.
Swayue, swims. T. B. 2358. Dan. _swæve_, to wave, move, flutter.
Swe, follow, A. 892; ran, B. 956.
Sweande, flowing, B. 420.
Sweft, swift, C. 108.
Swelme, heat, C. 3. A.S. _swell_, a burning; _swélan_, to burn,
_sweal_.
“[He] lete asauage, or he sware (spoke), the _swelme_ of his
angirs.” --(K. Alex. p. 21.)
Swelt, die, perish, B. 108; C. 427; destroy, B. 332. A.S. _sweltan_.
O.N. _svelta_.
Swemande (_pres. part._ of _sweme_), afflicting, B. 563. A.S. _swima_,
a stupor. S.Sax. _sweamen_, to grieve, vex.
“Whan this was seide, his hert began to melt
For veray _sweme_ of this _swemeful_ tale.”
--(Lydgate’s Minor Poems, p. 38.)
“Sum swalt in a _swym_ with outen sware more.” --(T. B. 1200.)
Sweng, _sb._ toil, labour, A. 575. A.S. _sweng_, a stroke, blow. See
_Swange_. See T. B. 1271.
Swenge, hasten, rush, dash out, B. 109, 667; C. 108, 250, 253.
“He _swynges_ out with a swerd and swappis him to dethe.”
--(K. Alex. p. 33.)
A.S. _swingan_, to swing, dash.
Swepe, glide, A. 111; hasten, B. 1509. See T. B. 342. O.E. _swippe_,
to pass quickly. O.N. _svip_, a rapid movement; _svipa_, to whip, do
quickly, turn.
Swepe, to seize, C. 341. A.S. _swipian_, to take by violence.
Swer, swore, B. 69, 667.
Swete, life; _to lose the swete_ = to die, C. 364. _Swete_ may here
signify _sweet_, the word _life_ being understood.
“And alle at lent ware on loft loste ther the _swete_.”
--(K. Alex. p. 105.)
“---- the brande es myne awene
Many swayne, with the swynge [struck], has the _swete_ levede.”
--(Morte Arthure, p. 281.)
“All the kene mene of kampe, knyghtes and other,
Killyd are colde dede and castyne over burdez
Theire swyers sweyftly has the _swete_ levyde.”
--(_Ibid._ p. 309.)
Swetter, sweeter, C. 236.
Sweuen, dream, A. 62. A.S. _swefen_.
Swey, go, walk, B. 788; came, C. 429. See T. B. 2512. O.N. _sweigia_.
Dan. _sveje_, to bend. N.Prov.E. _swey_, to swing; _sweigh_, to
press. See _Sve_.
Sweyed, swayed, C. 151.
Sweȝe, go, C. 72; drove, C. 236.
Swolȝe, swallow, C. 250, 363; kill, B. 1268.
Swone, swoon, A. 1180. A.S. _aswunan_.
Swowed, swooned, C. 442. S.Sax. _swowen_, to swoon.
Swyed = sweyed, followed, B. 87.
Swyere, squire, B. 87,
Swypped, escaped, B. 1253. See _Swepe_.
Swyre, neck, B. 1744. A.S. _sweora_.
Swyþe, firm, strong, A. 354; C. 236; great, B. 1283; very, B. 816;
many, B. 1299; quickly, A. 1059; B. 354; greatly, B. 987. A.S.
_swíth_, strong, great; _swíthe_, very, greatly.
Swyþe, burn, scorch, C. 478 (_pret._ _swath_). N.Prov.E. _swither_, to
singe; _swidden_, to scorch. O.N. _svítha_.
“Mi Gode, als whele set þam,
Als stubble bi-fore wind lickam
Als fire that brennes wode swa;
Als lowe _swiþand_ hilles ma.” --(Ps. lxxxii. 15.)
Syence, B. 1454, 1599.
Syfle, blow, C. 470. _Syfle_ sometimes signifies to _whistle_. It may
he connected with the Prov.E. _suffe_, to pant, blow. A.S.
_siofian_, mourn, lament.
Sykande, sighing, B. 715. A.S. _sycan_, to sigh.
Syked, sighed, C. 382.
Sykerly, surely, C. 301. O.Fris. _sikur_. Ger. _sicher_, sure.
Syle, to glide, go, proceed, B. 131. See T. B. 364, 1307. Prov.E.
_sile_, to go. O.N. _síla_.
“With that the segge all himselfe _silis_ to his chambre.”
--(K. Alex. p. 5.)
See T. B. 364.
Sylueren, silver, B. 1406.
Symbale, B. 1415.
Symple, A. 1134; B. 746.
Sympelnesse, A. 909.
Syn, since, C. 218.
Syngne, sign, B. 489, 1710.
Synglerty, singularity, singleness, A. 429.
Synglure, uniqueness, A. 8.
Syngnetteȝ, signets, A. 838.
Synne, after, B. 229.
Syre, lord, B. 1260.
{Syt, Syte,} sorrow, sin, B. 566, 1257; C. 5, 517. O.N. _sút_.
“Jacob wen he was mast in _siit_,
God lighted him witouten _liit_.”
--(Cott. MS. Vesp. A. iii. fol. 27b.)
“This tre in forbot haf I laid,
If þou sa bald be it to bite,
Þou sal be ded in sorou and _site_,
And if þou haldes mi forbot,
Þou sal be laverd ouer ilk crot.” --(_Ibid._ fol. 52b.)
Syþe, time, A. 1079; B. 1169, 1417, 1686. A.S. _sith_.
Syþen, afterwards, A. 13, 643, 1207; B. 998; since, A. 245.
Sytole, citole, guitar, A. 91.
{Syȝ, Syȝe,} saw, A. 308, 788, 985; B. 985.
{Syȝt, Syȝte,} sight, A. 226; B. 552, 1710.