Chapter XX: Front Matter (20)

Language:
increase in heterogeneity, I, 23–6, II, 366–7;
belief in spirits, I, 311–2;
poverty of Australian, I, 315;
precedence of concrete nouns, I, 323;
comparative psychology, I, 365–6;
classification, II, 31–3, 34, 40;
Saxon words, II, 336–8;
under excitement, and poetry, II, 357–61;
emotional waste and repair, II, 361–7;
Latin, Greek, and old English, II, 367–9;
duality and development, II, 421–3;
sociology and knowledge, III, 302;
of subordination, III, 312;
evolution, III, 402–3.

Lankester, Prof. E. Ray, on heredity, I, 476.

Laplace, P. S. Marquis de:
genesis and structure of solar system, I, 128–9, 130, 131;
planetary axial movements, I, 132–6;
lunar axial motion, I, 141;
motion of satellites, I, 142;
planetoids, I, 168, 174, 178.

Latham, R. G., on grammar, II, 333.

Latin, Greek and English words, II, 367–9.

Laugel, M., on _First Principles_, II, 118.

Laughter, physiology of, II, 452–66.

Law:
multiplication of effects, I, 37;
genesis of science, II, 51;
belief in natural, II, 123;
conditions affecting discovery, II, 145–8, 148–50;
evolution of sciences, II, 150–7;
prospective, II, 157–9;
universality of, II, 159–60;
religion and manners, III, 4, 23;
and morality, III, 10–11, 23, 50;
for primitive man, III, 24;
officialism and reform, III, 252, 258–9;
and over-legislation, III, 272;
legal verbiage, III, 273;
cost, III, 308;
representative government, III, 317–23;
knowledge of, and parliamentary reform, III, 375–9;
(_see also_ Over-legislation.)

Lawyers:
and railways, III, 67–72, 83, 88, 108;
in parliament, III, 298, 303, 304.

Leather, morals of trade, III, 123.

Leaves, cells in, I, 446.

Legislation, and social growth, I, 265–9; (_see also_ Over-legislation.)

Length, morals of trade, III, 118–9.

Lepchas, ethics, III, 193, 194.

Liability (_see_ Banks _and_ Joint-Stock Companies).

Liberalism, behaviour of party, III, 464.

Liberty:
French idea of, II, 343;
traits of reform, III, 30–6;
social use, III, 46–51;
degree of, for people, III, 381;
in America, III, 473–4, 477, 478–9.

Libraries, free, III, 370.

Licensing law, failure, III, 244.

Liebig, J. von, analogy from blood corpuscles, I, 293–4.

Life:
evolution from not-life, I, 374–5;
plants and animals indistinguishable, I, 375–6;
evolution of mind, I, 376–8;
survival and degree of, I, 405–8, 421;
evolution and action of medium, I, 458–60, 460–2;
primitive ideas of, III, 6–11;
maintenance and prison ethics, III, 163–71;
failure of assurance act, III, 241–2;
sociology and knowledge of, III, 304;
and pleasure, III, 315;
and sociology, III, 325;
increase in longevity, III, 447;
Mill and Spencer on, III, 485.

_Life Drama_, quoted, II, 351, 353.

Light:
multiplication of effects, I, 37, 38, 39, 59;
action on bodies, I, 436;
and on protoplasm, I, 465–6;
genesis of science, II, 61;
polarization, II, 63;
effect on molecules, II, 178;
perception of white, III, 196;
(_see also_ Optics).

Likeness:
of classification, II, 29–31, 34;
of language, II, 31–3, 34;
of reasoning, II, 33–4;
of art, II, 34;
relation to equality, II, 35–7.

_Lindsay, W. S._, Admiralty certificate, III, 239.

Literature:
increase in heterogeneity, I, 34–5;
multiplication of effects, I, 57;
use and beauty, II, 371;
contrast in, II, 373–4;
popularity of authors, III, 299–300;
and sociology, III, 376–7;
English and continental, III, 430–1.

Littré, E., on Comte’s classification, II, 74–6, 81–3.

Liver:
development, I, 106;
use and disuse, I, 419.

Liverpool, and Manchester railway, III, 63, 266.

Liverworts, cells in, I, 446.

Locke, J.:
and experientialism, II, 234–5;
and evolution, II, 237.

Locomotive engine:
effects of, I, 56–8;
balance weight, II, 383.

Logic:
Hegel’s classification, II, 12–5;
implies equality, II, 40;
abstract science, II, 77, 81–5;
terrestrial evolution, II, 99;
Bain on relation to psychology, II, 105–6;
Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 241;
Tristram Shandy on, II, 333.

London:
and Birmingham railway, III, 63;
New River to, III, 257;
representative government, III, 289;
water supply, III, 429.

Lord, the title, III, 12–5, 21.

Love:
Darwin and origin of music, II, 426–37;
also Gurney, II, 437–43.

Loyalty, and social state, III, 312.

Lubbock, Sir John:
derivation of tribal names, I, 314;
_Origin of Civilization_, I, 331;
conscience of lower races, III, 192–3;
banker’s clearing house, III, 425–6.

Lungs:
development, I, 67, 106;
use and disuse, I, 419;
relation to voice, II, 404–5.

Lyell, Sir C.:
age of rocks, I, 204;
paleontological evidence, I, 205, 208–12;
geological hiatus, I, 220–1;
uniformitarianism and geological record, I, 227, 229.

Lyre, increase in heterogeneity, I, 32, II, 415.

Machine, and organism, III, 456–8.

Machinery, disliked by labourers, III, 362, 376.

Macaulay, Lord, on Post-office, III, 441.

Mackintosh, Sir J., on constitutions, I, 265, 269.

MacLennan, J. F., plant and animal worship, I, 308–9, 320.

Maconochie, Captain, “mark” prison system, III, 175–7.

Madam, the title, II, 14, 26.

Magellanic clouds, Sir J. Herschel on, I, 116–7.

Magnetism, abstract concrete science, II, 88.

Magnificent, and the word grand, II, 367–9.

Magnitudes, relation of thought, II, 252–3.

Maize, transformation of, I, 434.

Majority, right of, III, 89, 94.

_Mammalia_:
evolution and heterogeneity, I, 15–7;
increase in heterogeneity, I, 17–9;
temperature, I, 75, 76;
self-mobility, I, 76;
organic correlation, I, 97;
paleontological remains, I, 227, 238, 240;
imitation of evolution, II, 438.

Mammary glands, evolution, I, 395.

Man:
increase in heterogeneity, I, 17–9, 35;
multiplication of effects, I, 52–3;
traits of primitive, III, 24.

Manchester, electors in, III, 385.

Manners:
and fashion, III, 1–51;
evolution of ceremonies, III, 11–6, 23, 50;
origin, III, 28;
Swift on, III, 44.

Mansel, Dean H. L.:
criticism, II, 221–5;
Grotz on, II, 225.

_Marchantia_, cells in, I, 446.

_Mariana_, quoted, II, 356.

_Marmion_, quoted, II, 343.

Mars:
rotatory motion, I, 135, 136;
number of satellites, I, 139–40;
and motion, I, 142;
density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.

_Marsupialia_, integration, I, 69–70.

Martineau, Rev. J.:
on evolution, I, 371–88;
criticism, II, 250–8.

Master, the title, III, 15, 16.

Materialism, and evolution, I, 386–8.

Mathematics:
things learnt, II, 1;
Oken on, II, 10–11;
Comte’s classification, II, 16–21;
implies equality, II, 40;
genesis, II, 48–50;
abstract science, II, 77, 84–5;
terrestrial evolution, II, 99;
deals with relations, II, 102, 103;
Bain on nature of, II, 105–6;
origin, II, 151;
evolution, II, 156;
ultimate truths, II, 283;
exact science, III, 199–200;
and political ethics, III, 225;
mental development, III, 255;
and sociology, III, 303, 305.

Matter:
discovery of laws, II, 148;
inscrutable, II, 247;
Martineau’s criticism, II, 257;
properties, II, 277, 315–6.

Mayer, J., as physicist, II, 269, 314.

Measurement:
origin of weight, II, 43–5;
of time, II, 45–6.

Mechanics:
Comte’s classification, II, 19;
genesis, II, 50, 56, 59;
abstract concrete science, II, 85–8,101;
terrestrial evolution, II, 97;
Bain on science classification, II, 112;
science classification, II, 117;
origin, II, 151;
evolution, II, 155, 156;
real and ideal, III, 222–3.

Mechanics’ Institutes, representative government, III, 286.

Medicine, association of ideas, I, 337.

_Medusa_, vascular system, I, 79.

_Megœra_, naval maladministration, III, 234.

_Melbourne_, the, and Admiralty certificate, III, 239.

Memory:
and test of truth, II, 215;
and emotion, II, 465.

Mendelejeff, D., complexity of elements, I, 155.

Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, F., character, II, 417.

Mercantile Marine Act, failure of, III, 260, 276, 295.

Mercury:
rotatory movement, I, 135, 136;
number of satellites, I, 139;
density, I, 144;
density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.

Mesoblast, embryo development, I, 453, 455.

Metallurgy, genesis, II, 51.

Metamorphic rocks, age, I, 198.

Metamorphosis, universal, III, 458–60.

Metaphor, and simile, II, 352–4.

Metaphysics:
Comte on, II, 123;
reasoning of, II, 201–5;
relation to physics, II, 268.

_Metaphyta_, origin, I, 444.

_Metazoa_:
origin, I, 444;
embryo development, I, 451–8.

Meteorology:
increase in heterogeneity of climates, I, 13–4, 35;
effect of American subsidence, I, 43;
concrete science, II, 92.

Meteors:
constitution of comets, I, 127;
origin, I, 174–7.

Metonymy, effectiveness, II, 350.

Mettray, reformatory, III, 173.

Militancy:
political ethics, III, 227–8;
and industrialism, III, 416;
in America, III, 484.

Milky way, distribution of nebulæ, I, 112.

Mill, J. S.:
letter on morals to, I, 333;
classification of science, II, 114;
on Comte’s philosophy, II, 143;
on Hamilton and word belief, II, 188–91;
noumenal existence, II, 191–2;
inconceivable and unbelievable, II, 193–200;
test of necessity, II, 196;
general agreement with, II, 217;
on the State and banks, III, 348, 357;
on life, III, 485.

Miller, Hugh:
life and doctrines, I, 218–20;
terrestrial life, I, 220.

Mimicry:
of savages, I, 364;
evolution, I, 396.

Mineralogy, and classification, II, 64, 92, 108.

Mind (_see_ Psychology.)

Missionaries, development, III, 458–9.

Mivart, Prof. St. George, genesis of species, I, 332.

Mole, pelvis in, I, 97.

Molecules, mutual action and electricity, II, 178–84, 184–7.

Molesworth, Sir W., on buildings acts, III, 240.

_Mollusca_:
great age of, I, 217;
circulation, I, 296.

_Molluscoida_, social analogy, I, 281.

_Monaclinæ_, cell membrane, I, 440.

Monarchy, and representative government, III, 309–10, 310–7, 317–23.

Money:
analogy to blood corpuscles, I, 293–4;
trading with bad, III, 141;
state tamperings with, III, 326–57;
and joint-stock banks, III, 347–54;
and free trade, III, 355–7; anomaly
of interest, III, 401.

Monkeys, origin of music, II, 432.

_Monotremata_, integration, I, 69–70.

Monsieur, the title, III, 14, 15.

Montesinos, Captain, prison discipline, III, 177–8.

Month, measure of time, II, 45–9.

Moon:
axial motion, I, 141;
heat and contraction, I, 149;
as name, I, 317, 327.

Moquin-Tandon, A., plant leaves, I, 433.

Morality:
_Quarterly Review_ criticism, II, 259–65;
and law, III, 10–11, 23, 50;
and awe of authority, III, 311;
average social, III, 359, 360.

Morals:
and moral sentiments, I, 331–50;
parentage of, I, 331–4, 334–50;
the science of right conduct, I, 333;
relation to expediency, I, 333;
prospect, III, 30, 51;
average of, and trade, III, 137–40.

Moray, Sir R., on Barnacle geese, II, 162.

Mosses, cell membrane, I, 439.

Motion:
of animals and plants, I, 75, 76;
discovery of laws, II, 148;
implies thing moving, II, 205–6, 207;
inscrutable, II, 247;
insensible forms, II, 266, 276;
Tait on laws of, II, 271–5;
Spencer on laws of, II, 297–320;
axioms and laws of, II, 298–301, 315–20;
relation to force, II, 310–4;
and gracefulness, II, 381–6.

Mouat, Dr. F. J., on prisons, III, 189–91.

Moulton, J. F., _British Quarterly Review_, II, 307.

Mountains:
age and altitude, I, 13;
formation, I, 40;
as name, I, 318.

Mozart, J. C. W. T.:
heredity, I, 406;
character, II, 417;
_Addio_ of, II, 447.

Mucous membrane, effect of surroundings, I, 449, 450.

Müller, F. Max:
misinterpretation of names, I, 315, 327;
on abstract nouns, I, 323, 324;
criticism, II, 235–8.

Multiplication, various forms, I, 65–7.

Multiplication of effects:
general, I, 35–8;
astronomy, I, 38–9;
geology, I, 39–46;
biology, I, 46–53;
sociology, I, 53–8;
science, literature and art, I, 59.

Munich, prison, III, 171–3

Murchison, Sir R.:
Silurian system, I, 199, 231;
paleontological evidence, I, 206;
azoic rocks, I, 228.

Murder, social co-operation, III, 217–20, 224.

Muscle:
waste and repair, I, 362;
evolution, I, 396;
size of jaws, I, 398–400, 422;
origin of music, II, 403–4;
nervous system and action of, II, 453–8;
laughter and action of, II, 458–64.

Music:
origin, I, 30–1;
increase in heterogeneity, 31–4;
comparative psychology, I, 366;
development of faculty, I, 406–7;
Kantian ideas of space, II, 227;
contrast in, II, 373;
origin and function, II, 400–51;
originally vocal, II, 403–4;
feelings and loudness of voice, II, 404, 410;
and timbre, II, 405, 411;
pitch, II, 406, 411;
intervals, II, 406–9, 411;
variability of pitch, II, 409, 411;
tremolo, staccato, and slur, II, 412;
time in, II, 412–3;
slow divergence from speech, II, 414–8;
indirect evidence of theory, II, 418–20;
function, II, 420–4;
relation to sympathy, II, 424–6;
Darwin on origin, II, 426–37;
of lowest tribes, II, 433–7;
Gurney on origin, II, 437–43;
evolution of scales, II, 440–1;
sensational effects, II, 443–4;
perceptional, II, 445–7;
emotional, II, 447;
harmony, II, 448;
counterpoint, II, 448;
and evolution, II, 448–9;
Hungarian, II, 449–51;
and social intercourse, III, 41, 42;
sensation of sound, III, 197;
indirect effects, III, 245;
free, III, 370.

Myddelton, Sir Hugh, New River, III, 257, 429.

Mythology, primitive, III, 6–11.

Myths, origin of animal worship, I, 322–8.

Nails, heredity and negro blood, II, 396.

Names:
origin of animal worship, I, 311–7, 317–20, 328;
of hybrids, I, 320–2;
misinterpretation of nicknames, I, 325–8, 328–30;
classification, II, 31–3, 34, 40;
and evolution of ceremonies, III, 11–6, 23.

Napoleon I., and his marshals, III, 309.

Natural selection:
essay on progress, I. 53;
the phrase, I, 428–30;
(_see also_ Survival of the fittest).

Navy:
maladministration, III, 233–4, 247, 248, 249, 251, 252, 399;
officers in parliament, III, 297, 304.

Naylor, Rev. B., on Norfolk Island convicts, III, 176.

Nebulæ:
appearance, I, 118–25;
Sir J. Herschel on regular and irregular, I, 122;
origin, direction and constitution of comets, I, 125–8, 153;
origin, I, 153.

Nebular hypothesis:
increase in heterogeneity, I, 10–11;
discoveries of Herschel and Rosse, I, 110–2;
and ultimate mystery, I, 154;
evolution of heat and condensation, I, 159–63;
essay on, I, 108–84;
distance and distribution, I, 112–8.

Necessity, Mill on test of, II, 196–200.

Negro, heredity and nails, II, 396.

Neptune:
axial motion, I, 133–6;
density, I, 144;
heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.

Nervous system:
of savage and civilized, I, 18;
integration, I, 68–71;
analogous to government, I, 299–307;
development from epidermis, I, 454;
Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 238;
muscular action, II, 453–8;
differentiation, III, 406;
sympathetic, III, 408–9;
and society, III, 418;
positive and negative regulation, III, 419, 443.

New River Company, origin, III, 429.

New York, government, III, 289, 291.

New Zealanders, belief in another world, II, 223.

Newcomb, Prof. S.:
nebular hypothesis, I, 121;
planetoids, I, 167–8.

Newspapers, evolution, III, 431.

Newton, Sir I.:
expansion of air, I, 118;
solar theory, I, 193;
gravity, II, 26–7, 291–3;
genesis of science, II, 59–60;
problem of three bodies, II, 112;
laws of motion, II, 271, 274, 277–88, 297–320.

Nitrogen:
compounds, I, 157;
molecules, I, 158.

Nod, as obeisance, III, 18.

Nomenclature, genesis of science, II, 63–5, 72.

Norfolk Island, prison, III, 175–7.

_North British Review_, on _Social Statics_, II, 134.

Nose, personal beauty, II, 391.

Nottingham, Enclosure act, III, 240.

Nubecula, Sir J. Herschel on, I, 116–7.

Number and classification, II, 37.

Nummulites, Lyell on, I, 208.

Nutrition:
individual and social, I, 289–90;
process, III, 408;
social, III, 413.

Oak, acorn and music, II, 442.

Obeisance, forms of, III, 17–22, III, 25.

Obermair, M., on prisons, III, 171.

Object:
consciousness of, II, 211–4;
relation to subject, II, 323–32.

Observation and hypothesis, II, 160–7.

Officialism:
failure, III, 394, 395;
Lord Palmerston on, III, 395;
(_see also_ Over-legislation).

Offspring, and parents’ qualities, II, 395, 398.

Oken, L., classification of sciences, II, 9–12.

Olbers, H. W. M., hypothesis, I, 167, 171, 173.

Old Red Sandstone (_see_ Devonian System.)

Omnibus, and officialism, III, 250.

Oolite, age of, I, 202–5.

Opium, dissimilar effects, I, 100.

Optics:
multiplication of effects, I, 59;
genesis, II, 57, 59, 61;
interdependence of sciences, II, 66;
abstract concrete science, II, 85–8;
Bain on classification of sciences, II, 107.

Orange, planet analogy, I, 133–4.

Orders, signature of, III, 120.

Organic matter:
chemistry, I, 83–4;
evolution, I, 458–60.

Organisms:
differentiation, III, 405;
social and individual, III, 411–6;
and machinery, III, 456–8.

Organs, rudimentary, III, 204.

_Origin of Species_:
Huxley on, I, 389–90;
effect of, I, 393–4.

Originality, literary style, II, 365–7.

_Ossian_, quoted, II, 355.

Osteology, correlation, I, 96–101.

Over-legislation:
essay on, III, 229–82;
individual uncertainty, III, 229–31;
examples of failure in legislation, III, 231–45;
probability of success, III, 245–6;
slowness of, III, 246–7;
stupidity, III, 247–9;
unadaptive, III, 249;
corruptness, III, 250–2;
fixity, III, 252;
officialism and trade contrasted, III, 253–9;
is there a sphere for officialism? III, 259–68;
free trade, III, 268–70;
negative evils, III, 270–6;
enervation of, III, 276–80;
faith in governments, III, 280–2;
dangers, III, 368–70;
and collective wisdom, III, 391–2.

Ovum, relation to infant, I, 6.

Owen, Prof. Sir R.:
evolution and paleontology, I, 16;
organic correlation, I, 96–101.

Oxygen:
deductive biology, I, 77–81;
liquefaction, I, 160;
action on protoplasm, I, 465–6.

Pacific Ocean, upheaval and geological record, I, 232–40.

Pain:
expression in children, I, 339–50;
indications of, II, 401–3, 404;
loudness of voice, II, 404–5.

Painting:
increase in heterogeneity, I, 24–30;
multiplication of effects, I, 59.

Palmerston, Lord, III, 395.

Palæozoic, the title, I, 15.

Paleontology:
increase in heterogeneity, I, 14–7;
life and multiplication of effects, I, 49–53;
organic correlation, I, 96–101;
age of strata, I, 205–12;
past and present geological changes, I, 212–8;
gaps in record, I, 220–1, 226–32;
effect of climate on evidence, I, 221–4;
and of terrestrial change, I, 224–6;
effect of upheaval, I, 232–40.

Panama Canal, III, 267.

Pantheism, rejected by H. Spencer, II, 221.

Paper tax, III, 243; (_see also_ Money.)

Parents and offspring, II, 395–6, 398.

Parabola, relation to circle, I, 5.

_Paradise Lost_, quoted, II, 346.

Parasites, natural selection, I, 379–80.

Parkhurst, criminals at, III, 258.

Parliament:
analogy to brain, I, 302–5;
railways and members of, III, 65–7, 74–7, 83, 86;
and parliamentary agents, III, 67–71, 108;
right of majority, III, 94;
belief in acts, III, 109, 306–7;
20,000 statutes, III, 232;
officialism and acts of, III, 258–9;
badly drawn acts, III, 273;
selection of members, III, 291;
members of, III, 295–9;
ineligible members, III, 296;
bank act, III, 338, 339, 340;
private bills, III, 359;
Thames water supply, III, 387–92;
function, III, 417;
(_see also_ Over-legislation.)

Parliamentary reform:
essay on, III, 358–86;
apprehended dangers, III, 360–8, 368–70;
direct and indirect taxation, III, 370–5;
value of representative government, III, 380;
Reform Bill, III, 380–6.

Passengers Act, failure, III, 241.

Passion, social analogy, I, 269–71.

Patent-office, accounts, III, 398.

Patents:
failure, III, 456;
American, III, 473.

Patterns, piracy, III, 126

Pedigree, importance, I, 108; (_see also_ Heredity.)

Peel, Sir Robert:
on legislation, III, 280–1;
Bank Act, III, 338, 339, 340, 357.

Penal code (_see_ Prison ethics.)

Pentonville, treatment at, III, 161–2.

Perception:
relation to science, II, 1–8;
presentative-representative, I, 261.

Perseverance, of savages, I, 375.

Personal beauty, essay, II, 387–99.

Perthes, B. de, flint implements, I, 413.

Peru, social organization, III, 470.

Pestalozzi, H. L., school name, III, 2.

Phanerogams, pollen, I, 439.

Philæ, granite at, I, 437.

Philosophy, relation to religion, I, 60–2; (_see also_ Comte.)

Phosphorus, allotropic, I, 373.

Physics:
Comte’s classification, II, 21–3;
genesis, II, 57, 59, 60, 61;
interdependence of sciences, II, 67;
abstract-concrete science, II, 85–8;
deals with properties, II, 101, 103;
relation to chemistry, II, 109–11;
evolution, II, 152, 156;
_British Quarterly_ Reviewer on, II, 267–301;
relation to metaphysics, II, 268;
axioms, II, 270, 277–88, 297;
their origin, II, 298–301, 313–4, 315–20.

Physiology:
transcendental, I, 63–107;
deductive, I, 76–81;
organic correlation, I, 96–101;
individual and social organism, I, 101–7;
concrete science, II, 92;
development, II, 423.

Picnic, interest in, II, 374.

Pictures, subjects of historical, II, 373; (_see also_ Painting.)

Pigeons:
beak and tongue, I, 401;
heredity and variation, I, 414–5;
use and disuse, I, 418;
origin of music, II, 428.

Pigs, use and disuse, I, 419.

Pins, stellar analogy, I, 161.

Pitcher plant, evolution, I, 394.

Pity, comparative psychology, I, 368.

Placards, derivation, I, 28.

Planetoids:
origin, I, 167–80;
number, I, 168, 171, 179;
distances, I, 169, 172, 179;
orbits, I, 169–70, 173–4, 179;
distribution, I, 171;
magnitudes, I, 172;
periods, I, 177;
velocity, I, 180.

Planets:
increase in heterogeneity, I, 11;
origin, I, 39, 153;
direction, I, 127, 129, 153;
planes of, and solar equator, I, 131–2;
axial movements, I, 132–6, 153;
arrangement and number of satellites, I, 137, 139–41;
density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52;
structure, I, 163–7, 182;
origin of minor, I, 167–80;
origin of meteors, I, 174–7;
(_see also_ Astronomy.)

Plants:
increase in heterogeneity, I, 14–7, 35;
structure, I, 73, 76, 391–2;
form, I, 73, 76;
chemical composition, I, 74, 76;
specific gravity, I, 74, 70;
temperature, I, 74, 76;
self-mobility, I, 75, 76;
evolution and homogeneity I, 83–4;
heat and distribution, I, 223–4;
also terrestrial change, I, 224–6;
and animals, I, 375–6;
evolution and sensitive, I, 377;
cambium, I, 449–50.

Plateau, J. A. F., fluid rotation, I, 131.

Plato, Republic, 269–72.

Pleasure:
expression in children, I, 339–50;
indications of, II, 401–3, 404;
loudness of voice, II, 404–5;
bodily effect, II, 454–8;
destroyed by formality, III, 36–46;
and life, III, 315;
social and individual organism, III, 411;
American life, III, 489–90.

Plough, Hindoo worship of, II, 354.

Plumber, action of pump, I, 425.

Poetry:
origin and differentiation, I, 30–2;
and prose, II, 357–61;
development of epic and lyric, II, 416;
and government, III, 430–1.

Pointers, use and disuse, I, 470–1.

Police, officialism, III, 396–7.

Political economy:
and railways, III, 101–3;
flow of capital, III, 264;
representative government, III, 303;
efflux of gold, III, 341–3.

Politics:
use and disuse, I, 463–5;
and costume, III, 1–5, 30;
definition, III, 226.

_Polyzoa_:
form, I, 73;
composition, I, 74;
not sea-weeds, I, 248;
analogy to social organism, I, 281.

Poor law, action of, III, 244.

Pope, A., literary style, II, 365.

Porcupine, evolution of quills, I, 394–5.

Positivism (_see_ Comte.)

Post-office:
and officialism, III, 252;
and government, III, 440–2.

Potato, complexity, III, 196.

Poverty, effect of, III, 143–9.

Predicate, arrangement of sentences, II, 342–4.

Preference stock, effect, III, 86–8, 108.

Prevision:
and science, II, 1–8;
origin of quantitative, II, 41–9.

Printing:
increase of heterogeneity, I, 26;
analogy from press, I, 98, II, 33;
printer’s union rules, III, 364–5;
anomaly, III, 401.

Prison Ethics:
essay on, III, 152–91;
relative and absolute ethics, III, 152–7, 188;
treatment of criminals, III, 157–63;
laws of life, III, 163–71;
self-maintenance, III, 168–71;
foreign prisons and reformatories, III, 172–8;
evils of excessive punishment, III, 178–80;
improved system of discipline, III, 180–7, 189–91;
and social state, III, 187–9;
Indian prisons, III, 189–91.

Procter, R.A., nebular distance, I, 118.

Profit, defined, I, 290.

Progress:
its law and cause, I, 8–62, 81, III, 323;
current conception, I, 8–9;
increase in heterogeneity, I, 9–10.

_Prometheus Unbound_, quoted, II, 353.

Promissory notes, State tamperings with money, III, 326–35, 335–47, 356.

Property:
emotion of possession, I, 253, 263, 307, II, 421;
and parliamentary reform, III, 358–60, 367–8.

Propositions:
the thinkable, I, 383;
ultimate test, II, 14;
states of consciousness, II, 205–8;
testing of reasoning, II, 208–11;
arrangement of sentences, II, 344.

Prose:
and poetry, II, 357–61;
contrast in, II, 374.

Protection, and officialism, III, 268–70.

_Protophyta_:
composition, I, 74;
self-mobility, I, 75;
instability of homogeneous, I, 86;
social analogy, I, 277;
cell membrane, I, 439.

Protoplasm, action of light, I, 465–6.

_Protozoa_:
differentiation from environment, I, 73;
self-mobility, I, 75;
instability of homogeneous, I, 86;
social analogy, I, 277–83;
cell membrane, I, 440;
development, I, 452.

Proudhon, P. J., policy, III, 417.

Proxies, railway, III, 76, 78.

Psychology:
relation of science to religion, I, 61–2;
_The Emotions and The Will_, I, 241–64;
organization provisional, I, 241–5;
classification of emotions, I, 245–57;
evolution of emotions, I, 250–7;
Bain’s definition of emotion and volition, I, 258–60;
also feeling and sensation, I, 260;
classification of mind, I, 260–4;
comparative, of man in outline, I, 351, 353;
mental and bodily mass, I, 353–4;
mental complexity, I, 354–5;
rate of development, I, 355;
relative plasticity, I, 355–6;
variability, I, 356–7;
impulsiveness, I, 357–9;
effect of race inter-mixture, I, 359–60;
effect of sex, I, 361–4;
imitativeness, I, 364;
curiosity, I, 364–5;
peculiar aptitudes, I, 366;
sociality, freedom, approbation, and acquisitiveness, I, 366–7;
altruistic sentiments, I, 367–9;
evolution of mind, I, 376–8, 381–6;
use and disuse, I, 463–5;
Hegel’s classification, II, 12–5;
concrete science, II, 92, 100;
terrestrial evolution, II, 96;
Bain on logic, II, 105–6;
origin of knowledge, II, 122–5;
Comte on, II, 131;
Sidgwick on _Principles_, II, 238–50.

Publishers, local integration, I, 103.

Pump, action of, I, 425–6.

Punishment (_see_ Prison Ethics.)

Pyramids, architectural types, II, 379.

Quakers:
intonation, II, 416;
nonconformity, III, 2.

_Quarterly Review_, criticism, II, 259–65.

Rabbits, use and disuse, I, 418.

Railways:
effects, I, 56–8;
distributing systems, I, 296–8;
morals and policy, III, 52–112;
directors, III, 52–63, 69;
extensions, III, 56–9, 71–2, 82–8, 91, 94, 96, 101–7, 107–8;
dividends, III, 57, 98–9, 105–6;
book-keeping, III, 59;
and land-owners, III, 63–7;
and members of parliament, III, 65–7, 74–7, 83;
and lawyers, III, 67–72, 83, 88, 108;
and engineers, III, 68–72, 83, 88, 108;
contractors, III, 72–4, 83;
boards, 77–8;
shares, 80–2, 108;
effect of competing lines, III, 97–8, 107;
safety, III, 99–100;
cause and remedy of corruptions, III, 88–96;
secondary organizations, III, 92–3;
and political economy, III, 101–3;
capital, III, 108;
proprietary contract, III, 108–112;
and coaching, III, 110–2, 255;
relative and absolute ethics, III, 155–7;
state inspection, III, 239–40;
individualism, III, 249;
evolution, III, 256, 266;
diffusion of literature, III, 262;
winding up act, III, 273;
legislature and accidents, III, 275;
English enterprise, III, 279;
maladministration, III, 285–6;
representative government, III, 296, 302, 304;
inspection, III, 399;
anomaly, III, 401;
English and French, III, 428;
and government, III, 437;
in America, III, 478.

Rainbow, beliefs about, II, 154.

Ramsgate, harbour, III, 248.

Realism, Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 242–50.

Reason:
social analogy, I, 269–71;
limited sphere, II, 221;
judgment of common sense, II, 243–4.

Reasoning:
recognition of likeness, II, 33–4, 37, 40;
of Kant, III, 199–203;
of metaphysicians, II, 201–5, 208–11;
a testing of conclusions, II, 208–11;
(_see also_ Logic.)

Recitative:
ancient and modern, II, 415–8;
Gurney on, II, 439.

Reflection, belief in spirits, I, 310–3.

Reflex action:
and emotion, I, 258;
impulsiveness, I, 358;
indication of feelings, II, 403;
examples, III, 453.

Reform:
and costume, III, 1–5;
and custom, III, 31.

Reform bill:
representative government, III, 294;
fear of, III, 358;
of Lord Russell, III, 380–6.

Reformation, change by, III, 49.

Regulative system, social, III, 458–64.

Relative, Martineau on the, II, 250–8.

Religion:
increase of heterogeneity, I, 20–3;
relation to early art, I, 27;
and to science, I, 60–2;
rudimentary form of all, I, 309;
object of sentiment, II, 132;
and science, Caird on, II, 219–21;
Mansel’s criticism, II, 221–5;
Grotz on, II, 225;
manners and law, III, 4, 23;
primitive ideas, III, 6–11;
and state, III, 11;
for primitive man, III, 24;
representative government, III, 301;
and government, III, 434.

Repair, and waste, II, 362–7.

Representative government:
knowledge of representatives, III, 300–9;
and despotism, III, 309–10;
and monarchy, III, 310–7;
superiority, III, 317–23, 323–5;
value of, III, 380.

Reproductive system, and organic evolution, I, 409, 412, 422–5.

Reptiles:
evolution and heterogeneity, I, 15–7;
paleontological remains, I, 227, 237, 240.

Republicanism, American, III, 474–5, 478–9.

Respiration, effect of emotion, II, 459.

Reviewing, morals of trade, III, 139.

Rhythm, in speech, II, 440.

Ribbon, morals of trade, III, 127.

Right (_see_ Ethics.)

Roads, distributing system, I, 296–8.

Robbery:
social co-operation, III, 217–20;
of Messrs. Walker, III, 439.

Roberts, I., photographs of, I, 180.

Robinson, F., Icarian colony, III, 457.

Rocking stone, origin, I, 437.

Rocks, age of, I, 198–205.

_Rodentia_, transverse integration, I, 69.

Romilly, Sir S., on judicial system, III, 272.

Rooks, cawing of, I, 337, 338.

Roots, imbedded and exposed, I, 447.

Rosse, Lord, nebular hypothesis, I, 110–1.

Rossini, G. A., heredity, I, 406.

Royal Institution, III, 436.

Royal Society, published barnacle goose myth, II, 162.

Ruskin, J., effects of art, I, 59.

Russell, Lord John:
on minorities, III, 295;
reform bill, III, 380–6.

Russia:
age of rocks in, I, 200–1, 206;
paper currency, III, 345.

Sachs, J., on cell membranes, I, 438–9.

Safety, in railways, III, 99–100.

Satellites:
increase in heterogeneity, I, 11;
origin, I, 39;
arrangement and number, I, 137–8;
distribution, I, 138;
number and forces, I, 139–40;
motion, I, 141–3, 153–4.

Saturn:
origin of rings, I, 39;
rotatory movement, I, 135, 136;
motion of satellites, I, 137;
their distance, I, 138;
their number, I, 139–40;
rotation of rings, I, 142;
location, I, 143;
density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.

Saxon words, II, 336–8.

Scales, unstable equilibrium of, I, 82.

Scepticism, reasoning of, II, 201.

Schleiden, M. J., cell doctrine, I, 443.

School, Price’s, III, 256.

Schopenhauer, A., ethics, III, 212.

Schwann, T., cell doctrine, I, 443.

Science:
increase in heterogeneity, I, 34–5;
multiplication of effects, I, 59;
relation to religion, I, 60–2;
establishment of causation, I, 109;
creed fatal to, I, 463;
and common knowledge, II, 1–8, 29, 71;
Oken’s classification, II, 9–12;
Hegel’s, II, 12–5;
Comte’s, II, 15–29;
progress analytic and synthetic, II, 24–7;
linear arrangement, II, 27–9;
interdependent with arts, II, 67–71, 94–9;
summary of genesis, II, 71–3;
interdependence of, II, 94–9;
Comte and Positivism, II, 118–22, 128, 139;
origin and evolution, II, 150–7;
“practical,” II, 151;
Caird on religion and science, II, 219–21;
exact, III, 199–200.

Sciences, Classification of the:
Littré on Comte’s, II, 74–6;
characteristics of a true, II, 76;
abstract concrete, II, 77–8, 85–88, 92–4;
concrete, II, 77–81, 88–92, 92–4;
divisions of abstract, II, 81–5, 92–4;
needs three dimensions, II, 92–4;
concrete deals with aggregates, II, 99–103;
abstract-concrete, with properties, II, 101–3;
abstract with relations, II, 102–3;
Bain, II, 105–17;
Mill, II, 114;
Comte, II, 130.

Scotch, dialect, II, 424.

Scotland:
age of rocks, I, 198–205;
bank success, III, 348.

Scott, Sir W., anecdote of, II, 466.

Scrofula, heredity, II, 395.

Sculpture, heterogeneity of, I, 24–30.

Sea, action on:
geological formations, I, 212, 213;
upheaved land, I, 232–40;
shores, I, 431–2, 444.

Selene, the myth, I, 326.

Senior wrangler, criticism of, II, 302–5, 305–7.

Sensations:
defined, I, 260, 262;
evolution, I, 264;
demonstration of, II, 401–3;
pleasure of music, II, 444–5;
(_see also_ Psychology.)

Sense, disablement of organs, III, 116–7.

Sentences, arrangement of, II, 341–50.

Settlement, failure of law of, III, 244.

Sewers commission, III, 238, 248.

Sex:
mental development, I, 355;
comparative psychology, I, 361–4.

Shadows:
belief in spirits, I, 310–5;
colour, II, 165–6.

Shares:
railway, III, 80–2, 108;
directors and holders of, III, 82–8;
preference, III, 86;
depressed by rail extension, III, 94, 98–9, 106;
morals of banking, III, 131–7;
relative and absolute ethics, III, 155–7.

Shakespeare, W., I, 317, III, 283.

Shears, analogy from iron, I, 97–8.

Sheep, English and French, II, 396, 398.

Shell, use and beauty, II, 370.

Ships:
naval maladministration, III, 233–4, 247, 248, 251, 252, 258, 259;
private administration, III, 234, 238;
and Admiralty certificate, III, 239, 241;
tonnage law, III, 244;
officialism, III, 253;
mercantile marine acts, III, 260;
screw propeller, III, 261;
representative government, III, 301.

Shoes, removing, III, 17.

Shooting stars, origin, I, 174–7.

Shopkeepers, lying and believing, III, 118.

Sidgwick, H., criticism, II, 238–50.

Sight:
and exercise, II, 362, 363;
and state of faculties, II, 364.

Signature, of orders, III, 120.

Signor, the title, III, 14, 21.

Signs, force of gesticulative, II, 335.

Silk, trade morals, III, 120, 124–7.

Silurian system:
age, I, 198–205;
paleontological evidence, I, 206–7;
thickness, I, 231.

Simile:
use and position, II, 350–2;
and metaphor, II, 354.

Singing, II, 410–4; (_see also_ Music.)

Sir, the title, III, 14, 15, 16, 21, 26.

Sirius, distance from sun, I, 113, 114.

Skating, grace in, II, 385.

Skin, action of medicine, I, 448, 450.

Skull, personal beauty, II, 389–90, 391.

Slave trade, former opinion, III, 141.

Small-pox, effects, I, 47.

Smell, sense of:
and eye position, I, 72;
in dogs, I, 470;
exercise, II, 362.

Smith, Adam:
theory of morals, I, 346;
importance, III, 316;
non-university training, III, 377–8.

Smoke bill, of London, III, 250.

Sneeze, and laughter, II, 460.

Snow, officialism, II, 249–50.

Soap:
adulterant, III, 125;
tax, III, 243.

Social organism:
the, I, 265–307;
analogy to individual, I, 269–72, 272–3, 277, 291–8, 306–7, III, 411–16;
difference, I, 273–7;
analogy to lower animal forms, I, 277–83;
division of labour, I, 283–91.

_Social Statics_:
origin of morals, I, 332–3;
of sympathy, I, 317;
Comte and title of, II, 134–7;
thesis of, II, 262.

Socialism:
compulsory co-operation, III, 454–6;
and regulative system, III, 460–4;
effect, III, 467;
evils, III, 467–70.

Sociality, and psychology, I, 366–7, 368.

Society:
increase in heterogeneity, I, 19–23, 35;
a growth, I, 265–9, 306;
the ideal, II, 131–2;
self-conscious, III, 141;
influence of wealth, III, 143–9;
political ethics and the individual, III, 226–8;
evolution, III, 263–5;
increasing complexity, III, 323–5;
average morality, III, 359;
and individual organism, III, 411–6;
regulative system, III, 463;
(_see also_ Prison Ethics, Sociology.)

Sociology:
multiplication of effects, I, 53–60;
homogeneity unstable, I, 83;
individual and social organism, I, 101–7;
psychical traits and social state, I, 354, 355;
conservatism, I, 356;
mental variability, I, 356–7;
impulsiveness, I, 357–9;
effect of mixing races, I, 359–60;
and of sexes, I, 361–4;
curiosity, I, 361–5;
imitativeness, I, 364;
peculiar aptitudes, I, 366;
sociality, freedom, approbation, and acquisitiveness, I, 366–7;
altruistic sentiments, 367–9;
use and disuse, I, 463–5;
genesis, II, 57;
concrete science, II, 92;
terrestrial evolution, II, 96;
deals with aggregates, II, 100, 103;
a word of Comte’s, II, 133;
universality of law, II, 159;
representative government, III, 302;
life, III, 325;
education, III, 375–9;
cause and effect, III, 487–92.

Solar system:
heterogeneity, I, 10–11;
origin, I, 108–10;
Laplace on, I, 128–9;
evolution, I, 128–31.

Solicitor, and trader, III, 139.

Sound:
multiplication of effects, I, 37;
Kantian ideas of space, II, 227;
as illustrating crude and transfigured realism, II, 245–6;
velocity, II, 267;
sensation, III, 197.

Space:
concept of, I, 247;
Hutton on intuitions of, I, 339;
classification of science, II, 77, 81–5;
Bain on nature of mathematics, II, 105–6;
Hamilton II, 191–2;
Hodgson, II, 220–34;
Kant, II, 220–7, 229–32, 236–8;
Martineau, II, 257;
consciousness, II, 308;
Kant and evolution, III, 197–9, 203, 207.

Spain:
contracts in, III, 218;
representative government, III, 317–9.

Spalding, D., experiments of, II, 226.

Sparta, social type, III, 415.

Special creation:
lack of facts, I, 1;
and evolution, I, 1–7;
conception of, I, 265.

Specialized administration, III, 401–44.

Species:
number of, I, 1;
evolution and creation, I, 1–7;
effect of upheavals, I, 49–52;
of climate, I, 221–4;
of terrestrial change, I, 224–6;
fertility of varieties, II, 397–8.

Specific gravity:
of animals and plants, I, 74, 76;
of planets, I, 144–8, 154;
solar system, I, 163.

Spectrum analysis, complexity of elements, I, 372–4.

Speech, figures of, II, 350–5; (_see also_ Language.)

Spencer, Herbert, propositions held by, II, 125–32.

Spencer, Rev. Thomas, III, 361.

Spheroid, ring formation, I, 133–4.

Spine, and evolution, III, 205.

Spirit, the word misleading, I, 311.

Spirits, belief in, I, 311–2, 344.

Sponges:
form of, I, 73;
instability of homogeneous, I, 87.

Staccato, in singing, II, 412.

Staffordshire, potteries, I, 266.

Stage coach, III, 110–2, 255.

Stars:
distribution of nebulæ, I, 112–8;
magnitude and distance, I, 115–8;
Sir W. Herschel on genesis, I, 129;
distance apart, I, 161;
star as name, I, 317, 326;
Kant’s awe of universe, III, 192, 195;
(_see also_ Astronomy.)

State, the:
duty of, III, 236;
and religion, III, 11, 23, 50;
(_see also_ Over-legislation.)

Statics, Comte’s classification, II, 19.

Steam power, effects, I, 56–8.

Stephenson, R., on railways, III, 105–6.

Stereoscope, analogy from, II, 265.

Stick, equilibrium of, I, 82.

Stocking trade, and officialism, III, 262.

Stonehenge, use and beauty, II, 371–2.

Strikes, III, 362–4, 365, 383.

Strings, in musical instruments, II, 415.

Structure:
animal and vegetal, I, 73–7;
relation to function, I, 249.

Style:
philosophy of, II, 333–69;
forcibleness of Saxon, II, 336–7;
and brevity, II, 337–8;
specific expression, II, 338–9;
sequence of words, II, 339–41;
arrangement of sentences, II, 341–7;
direct and indirect, II, 347–50;
figures of speech, II, 350–5.

Subject:
consciousness of, II, 211–4;
relation to object, II, 323–32;
arrangement of sentences, II, 342–4.

Substantive and adjective, II, 340–1.

Sugar, morals of trade, III, 121–3, 125.

Suicide, belief in another world, II, 223.

Sun:
origin, I, 39;
distance from Sirius, I, 113, 114;
density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52;
content of, I, 151;
atmosphere, I, 151;
temperature, I, 151;
constitution, I, 153, 182–91;
duration of heat, I, 101;
willow-leaves and rice grains, I, 186, 188;
faculæ I, 186–7;
Faye’s sun-spot theory, I, 183–4, 188–9;
cyclonic theory, I, 187–91;
as name, I, 317, 326, 327, 328.

Survival of the fittest:
Martineau on evolution, I, 379–81;
a factor only of evolution, I, 397–400, 400–5, 405–8, 421–5;
and heredity, I, 408–12, 412–5;
the phrase, I, 429–30;
and effect of medium, I, 444–5;
and nervous system, I, 457–8;
early action of, I, 460–2;
Huxley on, I, 462–3;
Duke of Argyll’s criticism, I, 467–78;
three factors, I, 472.

Swift, J., on manners, III, 44.

Swiss, architecture, II, 379.

Syllables, style and length, II, 337–8.

Syllogism, Hodgson on, II, 231.

Symbolization, infrequent, I, 322.

Symmetry, in buildings and animals, II, 376–7.

Sympathy:
altruism, I, 346;
comparative psychology, I, 368–9;
and gracefulness, II, 386;
music, II, 424–6;
morals of trade, III, 142–3.

_Syncrypta_, life in, I, 443.

Synecdoche, effective, II, 350.

Synthesis, chemical, I, 374.

Synthetic philosophy, outline, II, 140–2.

Tailor, morals of trade, III, 117.

Tait, P. G.:
on natural philosophy, II, 269, 315–20;
axioms, II, 270, 298–301, 315–20;
laws of motion, II, 271–5, 277–88, 299–320;
ultimate scientific ideas, II, 289;
central forces, II, 290–93;
on synthetic philosophy, II, 294–6.

Talent, relation to desire, I, 54.

Tamberlik, E., ut de poitrine, II, 442.

Tanner, Prof. E., use and disuse, I, 419.

Tape, morals of trade, III, 118, 119.

Taste, exhausted by exercise, II, 362.

Taxes, and parliament, III, 371–5.

Teeth:
organic correlation, I, 96–101;
size of jaw, I, 401.

Telegrams, officialism, III, 396–7.

Telegraphs:
analogous to nerves, I, 306;
private enterprise, III, 234.

Telephone, in America, III, 472.

Temperance society, III, 446.

Temperature:
of solar system, I, 11;
animal and vegetal, I, 74, 76;
vegetal density, I, 144–8, 148–52;
solar, I, 151;
chemical unions, I, 159;
duration of solar, I, 161–3;
evolution of, and nebular hypothesis, I, 159–63.

Ten hours bill, III, 362, 365.

Tenby, sea shore, I, 432.

Tennyson, Lord, quoted, II, 356, III, 314.

_Thalassicolla_, instability of homogeneous, I, 87.

Thames:
sewers commission, III, 238;
water supply, III, 387–92.

Theft, punishment, III, 233.

Thermo-electricity, what is? II, 172–6.

Thermology, genesis, II, 61.

Thomson, Sir W., terrestrial density, I, 149.

Thomson, Sir W., and Prof. Tait, on physical axioms, III, 220–1.

Thorns, protection and growth of, I, 391.

Ticket of leave, system, III, 244.

Time:
measures of, II, 45–9;
classification of science, II, 77, 81–5;
S. H. Hodgson on, II, 226–34;
Kant, II, 226–7, 229–32, 236–8, III, 197–9, 207;
Martineau’s criticism, II, 257;
terrestrial motion, II, 272;
Emerson on, II, 354.

Titles, evolution of, III, 11–6, 23, 27–8.

Todleben, Gen. F. E. von, III, 309–10.

Totemism, I, 309–17.

Town councils:
representative government, III, 288;
parliamentary reform, III, 369–70, 371, 372.

Town hall, building of, III, 372.

Trade:
localization, I, 22;
morals of, III, 113–51, 448–9;
adulteration, III, 113, 121–3;
bribery, III, 114–8;
short weight, III, 118–9;
circulars, III, 123–4;
silk manufacture, III, 124–7;
candle making, III, 128;
elastic webbing, III, 129;
bankruptcy, III, 129–31;
morals of banking, III, 131–7;
average morality, III, 137–40;
and sympathy, III, 142–3;
homage to wealth, III, 143–9, 149–51;
ethics of free trade, III, 154;
(_see also_ Industry.)

Trade unions:
parliamentary reform, III, 362–8, 384;
tyranny of, III, 382, 383;
selfishness, III, 465–7, 469.

Tramps, and poor law, III, 244.

Transcendental Physiology (_see_ Physiology.)

Tremolo, in singing, II, 412.

Triangle, space perception, II, 309.

Trigonometry, evolution, II, 55, 155.

Truth, denial of, II, 259–65.

Tyndall, J.:
on heat, II, 173;
of light, II, 178.

Tzigane, music, II, 450–1.

Ulcer, effects on skin, I, 448–9.

Unbelievable, Mill on word, II, 193–200.

United States (_see_ America.)

University, training, III, 377–8.

Unknowable, The:
knowledge of, II, 220;
Hodgson on, II, 234;
Martineau on, II, 250–8.

Unstable equilibrium, of homogeneity, I, 81–4.

Uranus:
axial motion, I, 133–6;
motion of satellites, I, 137;
their distance, I, 138;
their number, I, 139–40;
density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.

_Uroglena_, life in, I, 443.

Use, and beauty, II, 370–4; (_see also_ Heredity.)

Utilitarianism, and Mr. Spencer’s views, I, 334, 338, 347–50.

Valencia, prison discipline, III, 177–8.

Variability, mental, I, 356–7.

Variation, natural selection and heredity, I, 408–12, 421.

Varieties:
effect of union, I, 359;
fertility, II, 397–8.

Vascular system:
deductive biology, I, 78–81;
development, I, 285–6;
and evolution, III, 204.

_Vaucheria_, cell membrane, I, 439.

Veddahs, invocation of, I, 311–2.

Venus:
motion, I, 135, 136;
satellites, I, 139–41;
density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.

Vertebræ, evolution, I, 395, III, 205.

_Vertebrata_:
evolution and heterogeneity, I, 15–7, 17–9;
integration, I, 68–71;
position of eyes, I, 71–2;
self-mobility, I, 76;
germ and instability of homogeneous, I, 88;
cervical vertebræ, II, 83;
origin of music, II, 432;
controlling system, III, 407.

_Vestiges of Creation_, and evolution, I, 390.

Vienna, English enterprise in, III, 278.

Voice:
feelings and loudness, II, 404, 410;
timbre, II, 405, 411;
pitch, II, 406, 411;
intervals, II, 406–9, 411;
variability, II, 409, 411;
ordinary and singing, II, 410–4.

Volition, Bain’s definition, I, 258–9.

_Volvox_:
instability of homogeneous, I, 87;
life in, I, 443;
development, I, 456.

Wales, age of rocks, I, 198–205, 207–8.

Walker, Messrs., robbery at, III, 439.

Walking:
effect of blister, I, 404;
grace in, II, 382.

Waste, and repair, II, 362–7.

Water:
compound, I, 372;
government carts and officialism, III, 249;
and supply, III, 387–92, 429.

Wealth, homage to, III, 143–9, 149–51.

Weapons, division of labour, I, 54.

Weber, K. M. von, heredity, I, 406.

Weight, measures of, II, 43–5.

Werner, A. G.:
geological theory, I, 194–7;
influence of, I, 201.

Whales, not fish, I, 247.

Whately, Abp.:
metaphor and simile, II, 352;
political economy, III, 423–4.

Whewell, W.:
_History of Inductive Sciences_, II, 23;
electrical theory, II, 62.

Whirlwind, sun-spot analogy, I, 190–1.

White, perception of, III, 196.

Will, the:
social analogy, I, 269–71;
Kant on, III, 201–3;
(_see also_ Psychology.)

Wills, registrars of, III, 251.

Wisdom, the collective, III, 387–92.

Wolf, as name, I, 312–3, 315, 316, 321.

Wollaston, W. H., insect colours, I, 433.

Women:
comparative psychology and sex, I, 361–4;
size of jaw, I, 398;
treatment of, III, 445–6.

Wool, industry and locality, I, 104.

Words (_see_ Language.)

Workpeople, residences, III, 447.

Writing:
increase in heterogeneity, I, 24–6;
derived from picture language, II, 33.

Yorkshire, woollen industry, I, 266.

Yours faithfully, etc., III, 16, 26.

Zoology:
genesis, II, 57;
classification, II, 64;
discovery of laws, II, 149–50.

Zoophytes, evolution of mind, I, 377.

Zulus, ethics, III, 193.

Zygomatic arches, and beauty, II, 390–2.

MR. HERBERT SPENCER’S WORKS.

_A SYSTEM OF SYNTHETIC PHILOSOPHY._

_8th Thousand._ (WITH AN APPENDIX DEALING WITH CRITICISMS.) In one vol. 8vo, cloth, price 16s., FIRST PRINCIPLES.

CONTENTS.

PART I.—THE UNKNOWABLE.

1. Religion and Science. 2. Ultimate Religious Ideas. 3. Ultimate Scientific Ideas. 4. The Relativity of All Knowledge. 5. The Reconciliation.

PART II.—THE KNOWABLE.

1. Philosophy Defined 2. The Data of Philosophy. 3. Space, Time, Matter, Motion, and Force. 4. The Indestructibility of Matter. 5. The Continuity of Motion. 6. The Persistence of Force. 7. The Persistence of Relations among Forces. 8. The Transformation and Equivalence of Forces. 9. The Direction of Motion. 10. The Rhythm of Motion. 11. Recapitulation, Criticism, and Recommencement. 12. Evolution and Dissolution. 13. Simple and Compound Evolution. 14. The Law of Evolution. 15. The Law of Evolution, continued. 16. The Law of Evolution, continued. 17. The Law of Evolution, concluded. 18. The Interpretation of Evolution. 19. The Instability of the Homogeneous. 20. The Multiplication of Effects. 21. Segregation. 22. Equilibration. 23. Dissolution. 24. Summary and Conclusion.

_4th Thousand._ In two vols. 8vo, cloth, price 34s. THE PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGY.

CONTENTS OF VOL. I.

PART I.—THE DATA OF BIOLOGY.

1. Organic Matter. 2. The Actions of Forces on Organic Matter. 3. The Re-actions of Organic Matter on Forces. 4. Proximate Definition of Life. 5. The Correspondence between Life and its Circumstances. 6. The Degree of Life varies as the Degree of Correspondence. 7. The Scope of Biology.

PART II.—THE INDUCTIONS OF BIOLOGY.

1. Growth. 2. Development. 3. Function. 4. Waste and Repair. 5. Adaptation. 6. Individuality. 7. Genesis. 8. Heredity. 9. Variation. 10. Genesis, Heredity, and Variation. 11. Classification. 12. Distribution.

PART III.—THE EVOLUTION OF LIFE.

1. Preliminary. 2. General Aspects of the Special-Creation-Hypothesis. 3. General Aspects of the Evolution-Hypothesis. 4. The Arguments from Classification. 5. The Arguments from Embryology. 6. The Arguments from Morphology. 7. The Arguments from Distribution. 8. How is Organic Evolution caused? 9. External Factors. 10. Internal Factors. 11. Direct Equilibration. 12. Indirect Equilibration. 13. The Co-operation of the Factors. 14. The Convergence of the Evidences.

APPENDIX.

The Spontaneous-Generation Question.

CONTENTS OF VOL. II.

PART IV.—MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT.

1. The Problems of Morphology. 2. The Morphological Composition of Plants. 3. The Morphological Composition of Plants, continued. 4. The Morphological Composition of Animals. 5. The Morphological Composition of Animals, continued. 6. Morphological Differentiation in Plants. 7. The General Shapes of Plants. 8. The Shapes of Branches. 9. The Shapes of Leaves. 10. The Shapes of Flowers. 11. The Shapes of Vegetal Cells. 12. Changes of Shape otherwise caused. 13. Morphological Differentiation in Animals. 14. The General Shapes of Animals. 15. The Shapes of Vertebrate Skeletons. 16. The Shapes of Animal Cells. 17. Summary of Morphological Development.

PART V.—PHYSIOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT.

1. The Problems of Physiology.

2. Differentiations between the Outer and Inner Tissues of Plants.

3. Differentiations among the Outer Tissues of Plants.

4. Differentiations among the Inner Tissues of Plants.

5. Physiological Integration in Plants.

6. Differentiations between the Outer and Inner Tissues of Animals.

7. Differentiations among the Outer Tissues of Animals.

8. Differentiations among the Inner Tissues of Animals.

9. Physiological Integration in Animals.

10. Summary of Physiological Development.

PART VI.—LAWS OF MULTIPLICATION.

1. The Factors.

2. _À Priori_ Principle.

3. Obverse _à priori_ Principle.

4. Difficulties of Inductive Verification.

5. Antagonism between Growth and Asexual Genesis.

6. Antagonism between Growth and Sexual Genesis.

7. Antagonism between Development and Genesis, Asexual and Sexual.

8. Antagonism between Expenditure and Genesis.

9. Coincidence between high Nutrition and Genesis.

10. Specialities of these Relations.

11. Interpretation and Qualification.

12. Multiplication of the Human Race.

13. Human Evolution in the Future.

APPENDIX.

A Criticism on Professor Owen’s Theory of the Vertebrate Skeleton.

On Circulation and the Formation of Wood in Plants.

_5th Thousand._ (WITH AN ADDITIONAL PART.) In two vols. 8vo, cloth, price 36s., THE PRINCIPLES OF PSYCHOLOGY.

CONTENTS OF VOL. I.

PART I.—THE DATA OF PSYCHOLOGY.

1. The Nervous System. 2. The Structure of the Nervous System. 3. The Functions of the Nervous System. 4. The Conditions essential to Nervous Action. 5. Nervous Stimulation and Nervous Discharge. 6. Æstho-Physiology.

PART II.—THE INDUCTIONS OF PSYCHOLOGY.

1. The Substance of Mind. 2. The Composition of Mind. 3. The Relativity of Feelings. 4. The Relativity of Relations between Feelings. 5. The Revivability of Feelings. 6. The Revivability of Relations between Feelings. 7. The Associability of Feelings. 8. The Associability of Relations between Feelings. 9. Pleasures and Pains.

PART III.—GENERAL SYNTHESIS.

1. Life and Mind as Correspondence. 2. The Correspondence as Direct and Homogeneous. 3. The Correspondence as Direct but Heterogeneous. 4. The Correspondence as extending in Space. 5. The Correspondence as extending in Time. 6. The Correspondence as increasing in Speciality. 7. The Correspondence as increasing in Generality. 8. The Correspondence as increasing in Complexity. 9. The Co-ordination of Correspondences. 10. The Integration of Correspondences. 11. The Correspondences in their Totality.