Chapter V: Part 5

The Ojibwe will always be interesting, because they prefer to live in the backwoods, and because they cling so closely to their traditions. A further reason is that they are more numerous than any other Wisconsin tribe. They are good friends of the white people and find it hard to keep to a strictly commercial basis, when hired as guides for fishing and hunting. Many Milwaukee sportsmen have much appreciated friends among the Ojibwe, who have ever been strict and upright in their dealings with them.

There remains a considerable amount of folk lore or ethnology to be studied and recorded, and since it is easy to find well educated men and women among them, who still recall the traditions and stories of their early life, it should prove a fertile field of investigation for some student. The writer is satisfied that he has only touched the surface in their ethnobotanical uses, knowing that three or four months are really too short a time to get this lore from them. But he wishes to close by saying that the Ojibwe are one of the most interesting people he has ever met.

FOOTNOTES:

[85] Walter J. Hoffman. “The Midewiwin or ‘Grand Medicine Society’ of the Ojibwa.” In the 7th Annual Report of Bur. of Ethnol. 1891, pp. 143-299.

[86] Miss Frances Densmore. “Use of Plants by the Chippewa Indians.” In 44th Ann. Rept. Bur. Am. Ethnol., 1928, pp. 275-397.

[87] Field work is completed upon the ethnobotany of the Forest Pottawatomi, Winnebago and Oneida Indians, and bulletins will appear upon their ethnobotany at a future date. All will follow the same general plan.

[88] OJIBWE SYLLABARY

ba be bi bo
ka ke ki ko
sa se si so
wa we wi we
sha she shi sho
ya ye yi yo
na ne ni no
a e i o
ma me mi mo
da de di do
ta te ti to
ga ge gi go
tta tte tti tto

The letters all have the English value except tta and ga, which are pronounced cha and kwa. A, e, i, and o when pronounced alone become ha, he, hi, ho. Extra characters are Ji, pronounced zhi, and di, pronounced dzhi.

[89] “The Indian tribes of the Upper Mississippi Valley and region of the Great Lakes” By Nicolas Perrot, translated by E. H. Blair, 1911, Vol. 1, p. 109.

[90] “The last Indian uprising in the U.S.” Louis H. Roddis, Minn. Hist. Bull. Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 273-290.

[91] “Sketches of a tour of the Lakes, of the character and customs of the Chippeway Indians, and of the incidents connected with the treaty of Fond du Lac,” Thos. L. McKenney, (Balto. 1827).

[92] Present Series, Vol. IV, pl. 31, fig. 3

[93] Present Series, Vol. IV, pl. 31, fig. 4

[94] Present Series, Vol. IV, pl. 35, fig. 4.

[95] Present Series, Vol. IV, pl. 15, fig. 4

[96] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 45, fig. 1.

[97] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 26, fig. 2.

[98] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 28, fig. 2.

[99] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 16, fig. 3.

[100] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 17, fig. 1.

[101] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 17, fig. 2.

[102] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 16, fig. 1.

[103] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 31, fig. 1.

[104] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 18, fig. 1.

[105] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 11, fig. 1.

[106] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 20, fig. 1.

[107] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 19, fig. 2.

[108] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 33, fig. 1.

[109] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 40, fig. 2.

[110] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 20, fig. 3.

[111] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 19, fig. 3.

[112] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 19, fig. 4.

[113] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 14, fig. 3.

[114] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 13, fig. 1.

[115] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 32, fig. 3.

[116] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 14, fig. 2.

[117] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 8, fig. 3.

[118] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 31, fig. 2.

[119] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 30, fig. 2.

[120] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 33, fig. 2.

[121] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 23, fig. 3.

[122] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 8, fig. 1.

[123] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 37, fig. 3.

[124] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 25, fig. 4.

[125] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 23, fig. 2.

[126] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 24, fig. 1, and pl. 37, fig. 1.

[127] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 7, fig. 1.

[128] Indian Notes and Monographs, Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, Misc. Publ. 20, pp. 164-165, 1921.

[129] Present series, Vol. IV, plate 31, fig. 3.

[130] Lyons, A. N.—Plant Names, Scientific and Popular, 1907, Detroit, p. 408, Art. 1906.

[131] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 9, fig. 4.

[132] Present series. Vol. IV, pl. 45, fig. 1.

[133] Present series. Vol. IV, pl. 26, fig. 2.

[134] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 16, fig. 3.

[135] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 17, fig. 1.

[136] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 34, fig. 3.

[137] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 11, fig. 1.

[138] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 29, fig. 1.

[139] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 33, fig. 1.

[140] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 20, fig. 3.

[141] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 40, fig. 3, and pl. 41, fig. 2.

[142] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 25, fig. 4.

[143] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 32, fig. 2.

[144] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 7, fig. 2.

[145] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 16, fig. 3.

[146] 1923 Yearbook, fig. 17.

[147] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 35, fig. 4.

[148] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 26, fig. 2.

[149] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 40, fig. 2.

[150] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 14, fig. 3.

[151] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 31, fig. 2.

FINDING LIST OF PLANTS

BY SCIENTIFIC NAME

Abies balsamea 378, 420

ACERACEAE 353, 394, 412

Acer negundo 353, 394

Acer rubrum 353, 412

Acer spicatum 353, 413

Acer saccharum 394, 413

Achillea lanulosa 362, 417

Achillea millefolium 362

Acorus calamus 355, 428

Actaea rubra 382

Agrimonia gryposepala 383

ALISMACEAE 353, 396

Allium cernuum 406

Allium tricoccum 406

Alnus incana 358, 425

Amelanchier laevis 384, 408

Amphicarpa pitcheri 405

ANACARDIACEAE 354, 397, 424

Anaphalis margaritacea 362

Andromeda glaucophylla 368, 400

Anemone canadensis 382

Anemone cylindrica 383

Antennaria neodioica 363

Anthoxanthum odoratum 419

APOCYNACEAE 354, 413, 428

Apocynum androsaemifolium 354, 374, 413, 428

Aquilegia canadensis 383

AQUIFOLIACEAE 355

Arabis glabra 367

ARACEAE 355, 428

ARALIACEAE 356, 428

Aralia nudicaulis 356, 428

Aralia racemosa 356

Arctium minus 363

Arisaema triphyllum 356

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE 357, 397

Artemisia ludoviciana 363, 417

Asarum canadense acuminatum 357, 397

ASCLEPIADACEAE 357, 397, 428

Asclepias syriaca 357, 397, 428

Aspidium cristatum 381

Asplenium filix-femina 381

Aster cordifolius 428

Aster macrophyllus 363, 398, 429

BALSAMINACEAE 357, 425

BERBERIDACEAE 358

Betula alba papyrifera 358, 413, 425

BETULACEAE 358, 397, 413, 425

Betula lutea 397

Betula pumila glandulifera 359, 417

BORAGINACEAE 359

Botrychium virginianum 377

Caltha palustris 408

Calvatia craniiformis 370

Campanula aparinoides 360

CAMPANULACEAE 360

Campanula rotundifolia 360

CAPRIFOLIACEAE 360, 398, 417

Carya ovata 405, 419

CARYOPHYLLACEAE 361

Castalia odorata 376, 407

Caulophyllum thalictroides 358

CELASTRACEAE 362, 398

Celastrus scandens 362, 398

Chamaedaphne calyculata 400

Chimaphila umbellata 368

Chrysanthemum leucanthemum 363

Cicuta maculata 390, 432

Cimicifuga racemosa 382

Cirsium arvense 364

Cirsium lanceolatum 364

Cladonia rangiferina 373

Clintonia borealis 373, 430

COMPOSITAE 362, 398, 417, 428

Coptis trifolia 383, 426

CORNACEAE 366, 399, 417, 429

Cornus alternifolia 366, 417, 429

Cornus canadensis 366

Cornus paniculata 367, 399, 418

Corydalis aurea 370

Corylus americana 359, 397, 417, 425

Corylus rostrata 359, 398

Crataegus sp 384, 409, 422, 431

CRUCIFERAE 367, 399

Cucumis sativa 399

CUCURBITACEAE 367, 399

Cucurbita maxima 367, 399

Cucurbita pepo 400

Cynoglossum boreale 359

CYPERACEAE 368, 418

Cypripedium parviflorum 377

Dentaria maxima 399

Diervilla lonicera 360, 375, 377

Dirca palustris 390

Echinocystis lobata 367

Epilobium angustifolium 376

EQUISETACEAE 368, 400, 418

Equisetum arvense 368, 400

Equisetum hyemale 368, 418

ERICACEAE 368, 400, 430

Erigeron canadensis 429

Erigeron philadelphicus 364, 398, 429

Erigeron ramosus 364

Eriophorum callitrix 368

Eupatorium purpureum 364

EUPHORBIACEAE 369

Euphorbia corollata 369

FAGACEAE 369, 401, 418, 425

Fagus grandifolia 401

Fomes applanatus 370

Fragaria virginiana 384, 409

Fraxinus nigra 420

Fraxinus pennsylvanica 376, 407, 420

FUMARIACEAE 370

FUNGI 370, 402

Galium aparine 386

Galium tinctorium 386

Galium trifidum 387

Gaultheria procumbens 369, 400

GERANIACEAE 370

Geranium maculatum 370

Geum macrophyllum 384

Glyceria canadensis 371

GRAMINAE 371, 402, 419

Habenaria bracteata 377, 431

Heracleum lanatum 390, 432

Hieracium canadense 429

Humulus lupulus 391, 411

HYDROPHYLLACEAE 371, 405, 419

Hydrophyllum virginianum 371, 405, 419

Ilex verticillata 355

Impatiens biflora 357, 425

IRIDACEAE 371, 430

Iris versicolor 371, 430

JUGLANDACEAE 405, 419, 425

Juglans cinerea 405, 425

JUNCACEAE 419

Juncus dudleyi 419

LABIATAE 371, 405, 430

Lactuca spicata 364, 429

Lagenaria vulgaris 400

Laportea canadensis 391, 423

Larix laricina 378, 421

Lathyrus ochroleucus 371, 406, 419

Lathyrus palustris 373, 419

Ledum groenlandicum 401

LEGUMINOSAE 371, 405, 419

LICHENS 373, 406

LILIACEAE 373, 430

Linaria vulgaris 389

Lychnis alba 361

LYCOPODIACEAE 375

Lycopodium complanatum 375

Lycopodium obscurum dendroideum 375

Lysimachia thyrsiflora 382

Maianthemum canadense 373

Melampyrum lineare 389

Melilotus alba 373

MENISPERMACEAE 375

Menispermum canadense 375

Mentha arvensis canadensis 371, 405

Microstylis unifolia 377

Monarda fistulosa 371

Myrica asplenifolia 375, 420

MYRICACEAE 375, 420, 425

Myrica gale 425

Nelumbo lutea 407

Nemopanthus mucronata 355

Nepeta cataria 371, 405

Nymphaea advena 376

NYMPHAEACEAE 376, 407

NYCTAGINACEAE 375

Oakesia sessilifolia 430

Oenothera biennis 376

OLEACEAE 376, 420

ONAGRACEAE 376

Onoclea sensibilis 382

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE 377

ORCHIDACEAE 377, 431

Osmorhiza claytoni 391

Osmorhiza longistylis 391

Oxybaphus nyctagineus 375

Panax quinquefolium 356

PAPAVERACEAE 377, 426

Pastinaca sativa 391

Pedicularis canadensis 389, 432

Phaseolus lunatus macrocarpa 406

Phaseolus vulgaris 406

Picea canadensis 379

Picea mariana 379, 421

PINACEAE 378, 407, 420, 426

Pinus banksiana 379, 421

Pinus resinosa 379, 421

Pinus strobus 379, 407, 421

PLANTAGINACEAE 380, 431

Plantago major 380, 431

POLYGONACEAE 381, 431

Polygonatum biflorum 374

Polygonum careyi 381

Polygonum muhlenbergii 381, 431

POLYPODIACEAE 381, 408

Populus balsamifera 352, 387

Populus grandidentata 352, 387, 410

Populus tremuloides 388

Potentilla monspeliensis 384

Potentilla palustris 384

Prenanthus alba 365

PRIMULACEAE 382, 431

Prunella vulgaris 371, 430

Prunus nigra 409, 426

Prunus pennsylvanica 385, 409

Prunus pumila 409

Prunus serotina 385, 409

Prunus virginiana 385, 409

Psedera quinquefolia 411

Pteris aquilina 382, 408

Pyrola americana 430

Quercus alba 401, 418

Quercus macrocarpa 369, 402, 425

Quercus rubra 369, 402

Quercus velutina 402, 424, 425

Radicula palustris 367

RANUNCULACEAE 382, 408, 426, 431

Ranunculus pennsylvanicus 383, 426, 431

Ranunculus sceleratus 383

Rhus glabra 354, 397, 424

Rhus toxicodendron 354

Rhus typhina 354, 397, 424

Ribes americanum 410

Ribes cynosbati 410

Ribes oxyacanthoides 410

Ribes triste 389, 410

Rosa blanda 385

ROSACEAE 408, 422, 426, 431

RUBIACEAE 386

Rubus allegheniensis 385, 409

Rubus idaeus aculeatissimus 386, 410

Rubus villosus 409

Rudbeckia hirta 365

Rumex crispus 381, 431

RUTACEAE 387

Sagittaria arifolia 353, 396

SALICACEAE 387, 410, 422

Salix fragilis 388

Salix lucida 388, 422

Salix pedicellaris 388

Sambucus racemosus 360

Sanguinaria canadensis 377, 426

Sanicula marilandica 391

SARRACENIACEAE 389

Sarracenia purpurea 389

SAXIFRAGACEAE 389, 410

Scirpus cyperinus 418

Scirpus validus 418

SCROPHULARIACEAE 389, 432

Scutellaria galericulata 371

Senecio aureus 365

Senecio integerrimus 365

Silphium perfoliatum 365

Sisymbrium canescens 367

Sium cicutaefolium 432

Smilacina racemosa 374, 407

Smilacina stellata 374

Smilax herbacea 374

SOLANACEAE 410

Solanum tuberosum 410

Solidago graminifolia 366, 429

SPHAGNACEAE 422

Spiraea salicifolia 386

Spiraea tomentosa 386

Spiranthes gracilis 431

Sticta glomulifera 406

Streptopus roseus 374

Symphoricarpos occidentalis 361

Symphoricarpos racemosus 361

Taenidia integerrima 432

Tanacetum vulgare 366, 429

Taraxacum officinale 366, 399

Thalictrum dasycarpum 383

Thuja occidentalis 380, 421

THYMELEACEAE 390

Tilia americana 422

TILIACEAE 422

Trientalis americana 431

Tsuga canadensis 380, 408, 422, 426

TYPHACEAE 390, 423, 432

Typha latifolia 390, 423, 432

Ulmus fulva 392, 423

UMBELLIFERAE 432

URTICACEAE 391, 411, 423

Urtica lyallii 392, 423

Uvularia grandiflora 374

Vaccinium nigrum 401

Vaccinium oxycoccus 369, 401

Vaccinium pennsylvanicum 369, 401

Vaccinium vacillans 401

Verbascum thapsus 390

Viburnum lentago 361, 398

Viburnum opulus americanum 353, 361

Viburnum prunifolium 361

Viburnum pubescens 417

Viola canadensis 392

VIOLACEAE 392

Viola conspersa 392

VITACEAE 392, 411

Vitis vulpina 392, 411

Xanthium commune 366

Zanthoxylum americanum 387

Zea mays 402

Zizania palustris 403

BY ENGLISH NAME

Adder’s Mouth 377

ADDER’S TONGUE FAMILY 377

Agrimony 383

Alder, Speckled 358, 425

Anemone, Canada 382

Apple, Red Haw 409

Arbor Vitae 380, 421

Arrowhead, Arum Leaved 353, 396

Arrow-wood, Downy 417

ARUM FAMILY 355, 428

Ash, Black 420

Ash, Prickly 387

Ash, Red 376, 407, 420

Aspen, Large-toothed 387, 410

Aspen, Quaking 388

Aster, Blue Wood 428

Aster, Large-leaved 363, 398, 429

Avens, Large-leaved 384

Balsam-apple, Wild 367

Balsam Fir 378, 420

Baneberry, Red 382

BARBERRY FAMILY 358

BASSWOOD FAMILY 422

BAYBERRY FAMILY 375, 420, 425

Bean, Cranberry Pole 406

Bean, Lima 406

Bean, Navy 406

Bear 352

Bedstraw, Small 387

Beech 401

BEECH FAMILY 369, 401, 418, 425

BELLFLOWER FAMILY 360

Bellflower, Marsh 360

Bellwort, Large-flowered 374

Bellwort, Sessile-leaved 430

Bergamot, Wild 371

Betony, Wood 389, 432

BIRCH FAMILY 358, 397, 413, 425

Birch, Low 359, 417

Birch, Paper 358, 413, 425

Birch, Yellow 397

BIRTHWORT FAMILY 357, 397

Bittersweet, Climbing 362, 398

Blackberry, High Bush 385, 409

Bloodroot 377, 426

Blueberry 369, 401

Blueberry, Black Low 401

Blueberry, Low 401

Blue Flag 430

BORAGE FAMILY 359

Box Elder 353, 394

Brake 382, 408

BUCKWHEAT FAMILY 381, 431

Bulrush, Great 418

Bunchberry 366

Burdock, Common 363

Bush, Steeple 386

Butter and Eggs 389

Butternut 405, 425

Campion, White 361

Canada Mayflower 373

Carrion-flower 374

Catnip 371, 405

Cat’s-Foot, Lesser 363

Cat-tail 390, 432

CAT-TAIL FAMILY 390, 432

Cedar, White 421

Celadine, Wild 358

Cherry, Choke 385, 409

Cherry, Pin 385, 409

Cherry, Sand 409

Cherry, Wild 385, 409

Cicely, Sweet 391

Cinquefoil, Rough 384

Clay, Red 352

Clay, White 352

Cleaver, Small 386

Clintonia, Northern 373, 430

Clover, White Sweet 373

CLUB MOSS FAMILY 375

Cocklebur 366

Cohosh, Black 382

Cohosh, Blue 358

Columbine, Wild 383

COMPOSITE FAMILY 362, 398, 417, 428

Corn 402

Cornel, Dwarf 366

Corydalis, Golden 370

Cow Parsnip 390, 432

Cow Wheat 389

Cramp Bark 353

Cranberry 369, 401

Cranberry, Highbush 361

Cress, Marsh 367

Crowfoot, Bristly 383, 426, 431

Crowfoot, Cursed 383

CROWFOOT FAMILY 382, 408, 426, 431

Cucumber 399

Cup, Indian 365

Currant, Wild Black 410

Currant, Wild Red 389, 410

Daisy, Ox-eye 363

Dandelion 366, 399

Dewberry 409

Dock, Curled 381, 431

DOGBANE FAMILY 354, 413, 428

Dogbane, Spreading 354, 374, 413, 428

DOGWOOD FAMILY 366, 399, 417, 429

Dogwood, Alternate-leaved 366, 417, 429

Dogwood, Panicled 367, 399, 418

Dyes 424

Elderberry, Red 360

Elder, Box 394

Elm, Slippery 392

EVENING PRIMROSE FAMILY 376

Everlasting, Pearly 362

FERN FAMILY 381, 408

Fern, Female 381

Fern, Sensitive 382

Fern, Shield 381

Fern, Sweet 375, 420

Fern, Virginia Grape 377

Fibers 411

FIGWORT FAMILY 389, 432

Fir, Balsam 378, 420

Fish 352

Five-finger, Marsh 384

Flag, Blue 355, 371, 430

Flag, Sweet 355, 428

Fleabane, Daisy 364

Fleabane, Philadelphia 364, 398, 429

Food Plants 394

FOUR O’CLOCK FAMILY 375

FUMITORY FAMILY 370

FUNGI 402

Gale, Sweet 425

GERANIUM FAMILY 370

Geranium, Wild 370

Ginger, Wild 357, 397

Ginseng 356

GINSENG FAMILY 356, 428

Golden-rod, Fragrant 366, 429

Goldthread 383, 426

Gooseberry, Prickly 410

Gooseberry, Smooth 410

Goose Grass 386

GOURD FAMILY 367, 399

Gourds 400

Grape, River-bank 392, 411

GRASS FAMILY 371, 402, 419

Grass, Goose 386

Grass, Rattlesnake 371

Grass, Sweet 419

Grass, Wool 418

Ground Pine 375

Groundsel, Entire-leaved 365

Harebell 360

Hare’s Tail 368

Hawkweed, Canada 429

Hawthorn 384, 422, 431

Hazelnut 359, 397, 417, 425

Hazelnut, Beaked 359, 398

Heal-all 371, 430

HEATH FAMILY 368, 400, 430

Hemlock 380, 408, 422, 426

Hemlock, Poison 361

Hickory, Shell-bark 405, 419

HOLLY FAMILY 355

Honeysuckle, Bush 360, 375, 377

HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY 360, 398, 417

Hop 391, 411

HORSETAIL FAMILY 368, 400, 418

Horsetail, Field 368, 400

Horsetail, Wood 368

Horse-weed 429

Hound’s Tongue 359

IRIS FAMILY 371, 430

Ivy, Poison 354

Joe Pye Weed 364

Juneberry, Smooth 384, 408

Labrador Tea 401

Ladies’ Slipper, Yellow 377

Ladies’ Tresses, Slender 431

Leaf, Leather 400

Leather Leaf 400

Leek, Wild 406

Lettuce, Tall Blue 364, 429

Lettuce, White 365

Lichens 373, 406

Lichen, Tree 406

LILY FAMILY 373, 406, 430

Loosestrife, Tufted 382

Lotus, Yellow 407

MADDER FAMILY 386

Mammals 352

MAPLE FAMILY 353, 394, 412

Maple, Mountain 353, 413

Maple, Red 353, 412

Maple, Sugar 394, 413

Marigold, Marsh 408

Mayflower, Canada 373

Meadow Sweet 386

Medicinal Plants 353

MEZEREUM FAMILY 390

Milkweed, Common 357, 397, 428

MILKWEED FAMILY 357, 397, 428

Minerals 352

MINT FAMILY 371, 405, 430

Mint, Wild 371, 405

Miscellaneous uses 426

Moonseed, Canada 375

MOONSEED FAMILY 375

Moosewood 390

Moss, Reindeer 373

Mullein 390

Musquash Root 390, 432

MUSTARD FAMILY 367, 399

Mustard, Tansy 367

Mustard, Tower 367

Nannyberry 361, 398

NETTLE FAMILY 391, 411

Nettle, Lyall’s 392

Nettle, Wood 391

NIGHTSHADE FAMILY 410

Oak, Black 402, 424, 425

Oak, Bur 369, 402, 425, 426

Oak, Red 369, 402

Oak, White 401, 418

OLIVE FAMILY 376, 407, 420

Onion, Wild 406

ORCHIS FAMILY 377, 431

Orchis, Rein 377, 431

PARSLEY FAMILY 390, 432

Parsnip, Cow 390, 432

Parsnip, Water 432

Parsnip, Wild 391

Peanut, Hog 405

Persicaria, Carey’s 381

Persicaria, Swamp 381, 431

Pimpernel, Yellow 432

PINE FAMILY 378, 407, 420, 426

Pine, Ground 375

Pine, Jack 379, 421

Pine, Norway 379, 421

Pine, Prince’s 368

Pine, White 379, 407, 421

PINK FAMILY 361

Pitcher-plant 389

PITCHER-PLANT FAMILY 389

Plantain, Common 380, 431

PLANTAIN FAMILY 380, 431

Plum, Wild 409, 426

Poplar, Balsam 352, 387

Poplar, Large Toothed 352

POPPY FAMILY 377, 426

Potato, Ojibwe 410

Primrose, Evening 376

PRIMROSE FAMILY 382, 431

Prince’s Pine 368

Puffball, Giant 370

Pulsatilla 382

PULSE FAMILY 371, 405, 419

Pumpkin, Large Pie 400

Ragwort, Golden 365

Raspberry, Red 386, 410

Rattlesnake 352

Reindeer Moss 373

Reptiles 352

Rice, Wild 403

ROSE FAMILY 383, 408, 422, 426, 431

Rosemary, Bog 368, 400

Rose, Smooth 385

RUE FAMILY 387

Rue, Purple Meadow 383

Rush, Dudley’s 419

RUSH FAMILY 419

Rush, Scouring 418

Sage, White 363, 417

Sarsaparilla, Wild 356, 428

SAXIFRAGE FAMILY 389, 410

SEDGE FAMILY 368, 418

Sensitive Fern 382

Shin Leaf 430

Skullcap, Marsh 371

Slippery Elm 392

Snakeroot, Black 391

Snakeroot, Canada 357

Snowberry 361

Solomon’s Seal, Small 374

Solomon’s Seal, Star-flowered 374

SPHAGNUM MOSS FAMILY 422

Spikenard, False 374, 407

Spikenard, Indian 356

Spruce, Black 379, 421

Spruce, White 379

SPURGE FAMILY 369

Spurge, Flowering 369

Squash 367

Squash, Ojibwe 399

STAFF TREE FAMILY 362, 398

Stalk, Twisted 374

Starflower 431

Steeple Bush 386

Strawberry, Wild 384, 409

Sturgeon 352

Sugar Maple 394

SUMAC FAMILY 354, 397, 424

Sumac, Smooth 354, 397, 424

Sumac, Staghorn 354, 397, 424

Susan, Black-eyed 365

Sweet Cicely 391

Sweet Fern 375

Sweet Flag 428

Tamarack 378, 421

Tansy 366, 429

Tattooing 352

Tea, Labrador 401

Thimble-weed 383

Thistle, Canada 364

Thistle, Common 364

Toothwort, Large 399

TOUCH-ME-NOT FAMILY 357, 425

Touch-me-not, Spotted 357, 425

Turnip, Indian 356

Twisted Stalk 374

Umbrella-wort, Heart-leaved 375

Vetchling, Creamy 371, 406, 419

Vetchling, Marsh 373, 419

Violet, American Dog 392

Violet, Canada 392

VIOLET FAMILY 392

VINE FAMILY 392, 411

Virginia Creeper 411

WALNUT FAMILY 405, 419, 425

WATERLEAF FAMILY 371, 405, 419

Waterleaf, Virginia 371, 405, 419

WATER LILY FAMILY 375, 407

Water Lily, Sweet White 376, 407

Water Lily, Yellow 355

WATER PLANTAIN FAMILY 353, 396

Wheat, Cow 389

Willow, Bog 388

Willow, Crack 388

WILLOW FAMILY 387, 410, 422

Willow-herb, Great 376

Willow, Shining 388, 422

Winterberry 355

Wintergreen 369, 400

Wolfberry 361

Wood Betony 389, 432

Yarrow 362

Yarrow, Woolly 362, 417

By OJIBWE NAMES

Ojibwe Latin Use Page

abaˈbûsûn Smilacina racemosa Kidneys 374
abagwasîˈgans Cicuta maculata Hunting 432
abakwanûgiˈmûg Pinus resinosa Pitch 421
abakwanûgiˈmûg Pinus resinosa Sudatory 379
abûkweˈskwe Typha latifolia Fiber 423
acaweˈskûk Heracleum lanatum Hunting 432
adjagobiˈmîn Acer saccharum Sugar 394
adjagobiˈmûk Acer negundo Emetic 353
adjagobiˈmûk Acer negundo Sugar 394
adjidamoˈanûk Achillea millefolium Fever 362
adotaˈgons Campanula rotundifolia Lungs 360
adotaˈgons Clintonia borealis Parturient 373
adotaˈgons Clintonia borealis Poison 373, 430
aˈgîmak Fraxinus pennsylvanica Tonic 376
aˈgîmak Fraxinus pennsylvanica Food 407
aˈgîmak Fraxinus pennsylvanica Crafts 420
agoñgasiˈmînûk Melampyrum lineare Eyes 389
agoñgosiˈmînûn Maianthemum canadense Kidneys 373
agoñgoˈsîmînûn Polygonum muhlenbergii Stomach 381
agoñgosiˈmînûn Polygonum muhlenbergii Hunting 431
agoñgoˈsîmînûn Smilacina racemosa Kidneys 374
agoñgosiˈwîdjiˈbîk Smilacina racemosa Food 407
aîaˈnîkotciˈmîn Microstylis unifolia Diuretic 377
amîˈkomîn Ribes americanum Food 410
anaˈganûck Asplenium filix-femina Sores 381
anaˈganûck Aspidium cristatum Stomach 381
anaˈganûck Pteris aquilina Cramps 382
anaˈganûck Pteris aquilina Food 408
anaˈganûck Scirpus validus Textiles 418
anagoneˈwûck Glyceria canadensis Female remedy 371
aˈnanaganaˈwûck Pteris aquilina Cramps 382
aˈnanaˈganûck Onoclea sensibilis Caked breast 382
andegoˈbîgons Mentha arvensis canadensis Beverage 405
andegoˈbîgons Mentha arvensis canadensis Blood remedy 372
anib Ulmus fulva Expectorant 392
anib Ulmus fulva Fiber 423
aˈnibîmînîˈnûgaˈwûck Viburnum opulus americanum Cramps 361
anîgomijiˈ mînagaˈwûnj Symphoricarpos racemosus Afterbirth 361
anîmîkiˈbûg Rhus toxicodendron Poison 354
anîmûcîdeˈbîgons Hydrophyllum virginianum Flux 371
anîmûˈcîmînûn Ilex verticillata Diarrhoea 355
apagwasîˈgons Cicuta maculata Hunting 390
asadi Populus grandidentata Hemostatic 387
asadi Populus grandidentata Food 410
asadi Populus tremuloides Wounds 388
asadins Populus tremuloides Poultices 388
asaˈgûmîg Sphagnum dusenii Fiber 422
asaˈgûniñk Cladonia rangiferina Cleanser 373
aˈsasaweˈmînagaˈwûnj Prunus virginiana Lungs 385
asasaˈweskûk Silphium perfoliatum Lumbago 365
atîteˈtamîn Viburnum lentago Food 398
atîteˈtamînagaˈwûnj Viburnum lentago Diuretic 361
atîteˈtamînûn Viburnum lentago Diuretic 361
aweˈnîsiˈbûg Ilex verticillata Diarrhoea 355
azisiˈgobimîc Salix lucida Smoking 422

baeˈwîmînûn Prunus pennsylvanica Coughs 385
baeˈwîmînûn Prunus pennsylvanica Food 409
bagaˈn Corylus rostrata Poultices 359
bagaˈnag Juglans cinerea Food 405
bagaˈnag Juglans cinerea Dye 405, 425
bagaˈnak Corylus rostrata Poultices 359
bagaˈnak Corylus americana Food 398
bagaˈnak Corylus rostrata Food 398
bagaˈnakoˈbagan Carya ovata Food 405
baganaˈmîc Corylus rostrata Food 398
bagaˈnamijîc Corylus rostrata Anthelmintic 359
bakwaˈnak Rhus glabra Astringent 354
bakwaˈnak Rhus glabra Beverage 397
bakwaˈnak Rhus glabra Dye 424
bakwanaˈtîg Rhus typhina Hemorrhage 354
bakwaˈnatîg Rhus typhina Beverage 397
bakwanaˈtîg Rhus typhina Dye 424
basiˈbagûk Anaphalis margaritacea Paralysis 362
basiˈbûgûk Prunella vulgaris Female remedy 372
basiˈbûgûk Lathyrus ochroleucus Stomach 373
basiˈbûgûk Prunella vulgaris Hunting 430
basiˈbûkûk Lychnis alba Physic 361
bebaˈakwûndek Potentilla palustris Cramps 384
bebamabiˈk Aralia nudicaulis Boils 356
bebamabiˈk Aralia nudicaulis Fish lure 428
bebamasûˈn Typha latifolia War medicine 390, 432
bebamasûˈn Typha latifolia Fiber 423
bebaˈmasûn Typha latifolia Weapon 423
bebejiˈgogaˈnji Artemisia ludoviciana Veterinary use 363
bebejigogaˈnji mackiˈki Lathyrus palustris Veterinary use 373
bebejiˈgoganjiˈmackiˈki Lathyrus palustris Horse medicine 419
bebejiˈgoganjî wîˈngûsk Artemisia ludoviciana Horse medicine 417
bîmaˈkwîtwaˈbîgons Menispermum canadense ? 375
bîneˈbûg Spiranthes gracilis Hunting 431
bîneˈbûg Pyrola americana Hunting 430
bîneˈmîc Betula pumila glandulifera Fiber 417
bîneˈmîc Betula pumila glandulifera Catarrh 359
bîneˈmîcins Betula pumila glandulifera Menstruant 359
bîneˈmîcki Andromeda glaucophylla ? 368, 400
bîsegaˈgomînagaˈwûnj Amelanchier laevis ? 384
bîsegaˈgwomîn Amelanchier laevis Food 408
bîweeˈckînûk Eriophorum callitrix Hemostatic 368
bûgesanaˈtîg Prunus nigra Dye 426
bûgeˈsanatîg Prunus nigra Food 409
bûˈgîsowe Eupatorium purpureum Sudatory 364
bûgwaˈdjijîcaˈgowûnj Allium tricoccum Food 406
bûgwaˈdjiûkˈ pîniˈk Lathyrus ochroleucus Veterinary use 372
mîneˈbûg
bûgwaˈdjmîskodiˈsîmîn Amphicarpa pitcheri Food 405
bûgwaˈdjpînik Lathyrus ochroleucus Food 406
bûgwaˈdjûk pîniˈk Lathyrus ochroleucus Horse 372, 419
mîneˈbûg medicine

caboˈmînûk Ribes oxyacanthoides Food 410
caboˈsîkûn Asclepias syriaca Food 397
caboˈsîkûn Iris versicolor Physic 371
cabosîˈkûn Euphorbia corollata Physic 369
caboˈsîkûn Asclepias syriaca Female remedy 357
cacagobiˈmûk Acer spicatum Arts 413
cacagobiˈmûk Acer spicatum Sore eyes 353
cacaˈgomîn Arisaema triphyllum Sore eyes 356
cecaˈgûskiˈbûgeˈsînk Plantago major Sprains 380
cecaˈgûskiˈbûgeˈsînk Plantago major Charm 431
cicigîmeˈwîc Acer rubrum Arts 412
cicigîmeˈwîc Acer rubrum Sore eyes 353
cîgagaˈwûnj Allium cernuum Food 406
cigonaˈgan Lycopodium obscurum Diuretic 375
dendroideum
ciˈobûg Rumex crispus Hunting 431
ciˈobûg Rumex crispus Cuts 381
cîwaˈbo Acer saccharum Vinegar 395
ciwiˈmînagaˈwûnj Vitis vulpina Afterbirth 392
ciˈwiminûn Vitis vulpina Food 411
cîˈwimînûn Vitis vulpina Afterbirth 392

dadocaˈbo Lactuca spicata Lactary 364
djibeˈgûb Dirca palustris Diuretic 390
dodocaˈbo Lactuca spicata Hunting 428

eckaˈdamîn Cucumis sativa Food 399

gaîeˈwûckûk Scirpus cyperinus Textiles 418
gaˈgîgeˈbûg Chimaphila umbellata Stomach 368
gagîgeˈbûg Antennaria neodioica Afterbirth 363
gagagiˈwîc Tsuga canadensis Dye 422, 426
gagagiˈwîc Tsuga canadensis Beverage 408
gagagiˈwîc Tsuga canadensis Wounds 380
gandegwaˈsonînkeˈ Anemone cylindrica Stomach 383
cînagwûk
gawaˈkumîc Zanthoxylum americanum Quinsy 387
gawaˈndag Picea canadensis Inhalant 379
gaweˈmîc Fagus grandifolia Food 401
gibaimeˈnûnaˈgwûs Myrica asplenifolia Cramps 375
gibaimeˈ nûnagwûs Myrica asplenifolia Utensils 420
gîckênsîneˈnamûkûk Botrychium virginianum Consumption 377
gigaˈndag Pinus banksiana Fiber 421
gigaˈndag Pinus banksiana Reviver 379
gîjiˈbînûsk Equisetum arvense Dropsy 368
gîjiˈbînûsk Equisetum arvense Fodder 400
gîjiˈbînûsk Equisetum hyemale Scouring 418
giˈjîg Thuja occidentalis Crafts 421
giˈjîk Thuja occidentalis Incense 380
giˈjîkandag Thuja occidentalis Headache 380
gîjiˈkgandoˈgûng Lycopodium complanatum Reviver 375
giˈmasan Arctium minus Tonic 363
gimîneˈsît Vaccinium vacillans Food 401
gîneˈbîg odjiˈbîk Sanicula marilandica Fevers 391
gîneˈbîgomînagaˈwûnj Smilax herbacea Lungs 374
gînoseˈwîbûg Clintonia borealis Parturient 373
gokoˈcgûnda Habenaria bracteata Aphrodisiac 377
mînêskweˈmîn
gokoˈcgûnda Habenaria bracteata Love charm 431
mînêskweˈmîn
gokoˈcoadjiˈbîk Oxybaphus nyctagineus Sprains 375
gozigaˈgomînagaˈwûnj Amelanchier laevis ? 384
gozigaˈgomînûk Amelanchier laevis Prenatal remedy 384
gozigagoˈmînûn Amelanchier laevis Food 408

îmbjîˈgoa Artemisia ludoviciana Veterinary use 363
înenaˈtîg Acer saccharum Sugar 394
inênatîg Acer saccharum Utensils 413
înîniˈwûnj Asclepias syriaca Female remedy 357
înîniwûnj Asclepias syriaca Food 397
înîniˈwûnj Asclepias syriaca Hunting 428

jicaˈwîgan Lagenaria vulgaris Food 400
jicigwe Rattlesnake Childbirth 352
jîgomiˈûskûn Juncus dudleyi Arts 419
jîkaˈmiûskûn Scirpus validus Textiles 418
jiˈmasaˈnûck Cirsium lanceolatum Cramps 364
jimûckiˈgobûg Plantago major Bruises 381
jîngoˈb Abies balsamea Crafts 420
jîngoˈb Abies balsamea Sore eyes 378
jîngoˈbandag Abies balsamea Crafts 378, 420
jîngoˈb pîkewaˈndag Abies balsamea Crafts 420
jîngoˈb pîkewaˈndag Abies balsamea Sore eyes 378
jîngwaˈk Pinus strobus Food 407
jîngwakˈbûgîo Pinus strobus Inhalant 379
jîngwakˈ kweseskweˈtûk Pinus strobus Inhalant 379
jîngwak onaˈgêk Pinus strobus Sudatory 379
jîngwakons wakun Sticta glomulifera Food 406
jîngwaˈk wacêskweˈdo Pinus strobus Resin 421
jîngwaˈk wacêskweˈdo Pinus strobus Sudatory 379
jîngwaˈkwak Sticta glomulifera Food 406
jîngwûp Picea mariana Crafts 421
jîngwûp Picea mariana Reviver 379
jîngwuˈp gawaˈndag Picea mariana Medicinal salt 379
jîssêˈns Panax quinquefolium Commerce 356
jiwîˈcgoniˈbûg Humulus lupulus Diuretic 391
jiˈwîciniˈgoniˈbûg Humulus lupulus Cooking 411

kagagîtciˈmîn Ribes americanum Food 410

mackiˈgobûgons Chamaedaphne calyculata Beverage 400
magoˈsiñeˈcnakwûk Apocynum androsaemifolium Charm 428
magosîñeˈcnakwûk Apocynum androsaemifolium Kidneys 354
maˈkasîn Cypripedium parviflorum Female remedy 377
makateˈmîn Vaccinium nigrum Food 401
makateˈwa anaˈganûck Pteris aquilina Cramps 382
manasaˈdi Populus balsamifera Wounds 387
manasaˈtîg Laportea canadensis Fiber 378, 421
mandamîn Zea mays Food 402
mandamîˈnîodjiˈbîkîns Pedicularis canadensis Aphrodisiac 389
mandaˈmînîodjiˈbîkêns Pedicularis canadensis Love charm 432
manîdobimaˈkwît Celastrus scandens Stomach 362
manîdobîmaˈkwît Celastrus scandens Food 398
manîdoˈbimakwît Psedera quinquefolia Food 411
manoˈmîn Zizania palustris Food 403
manweˈgons Ranunculus pennsylvanicus Hunting 383
manweˈgons Ranunculus pennsylvanicus Dye 426
manweˈgons Ranunculus pennsylvanicus Hunting 431
manweˈgons Taenidia integerrima Hunting 432
manweˈkos Taenidia integerrima Hunting 432
masan Sanicula marilandica Snake bite 391
masaˈn Cynoglossum boreale Inhalant 359
masan Urtica lyallii Fiber 423
masan Urtica lyallii Heat rash 392
masaˈnatîk Laportea canadensis Diuretic 391, 423
masaˈnûck Cirsium arvense Bowel tonic 364
mêgêsiˈbûg Aster macrophyllus Food 398
mêgisiˈbûg Aster macrophyllus Headache 363
mêmisgwûˈnagûg Spiraea tomentosa Parturient 386
mêmîskûˈnakûk Hieracium canadense Hunting 429
mesadiˈwackons Eriophorum callitrix ? 368
mêskodiˈmînûn Phaseolus vulgaris Food 406
meskwabiˈmîc Cornus paniculata Flux 367
meskwabiˈmîc Cornus paniculata Smoking 399, 418
meskwaˈcaboˈmînûk Ribes cynosbati Food 410
meskwaˈdjiˈbîkûk Sanguinaria canadensis Sore throat 377
meskwaˈdjibîkûk Sanguinaria canadensis Dye 426
meskwaˈmîn Rubus idaeus aculeatissimus Food 410
meskwaˈmînagaˈwûnj Rubus idaeus aculeatissimus Seasoner 386
metîˈgomîc Quercus velutina Dye 425
metîˈgomîc Quercus macrocarpa Dye 425
mêtîgoˈmîn Quercus velutina Food 402
mîcaoˈgacan Erigeron philadelphicus Hunting 428
mîcaoˈgacan Erigeron philadelphicus Smoking 398
mîcaoˈgacan Erigeron philadelphicus Fever 364
mîciˈmîn Quercus alba Food 401
mîciˈtcimînûk Ribes triste Female remedy 389, 410
mîckimînûˈnîmîc Nemopanthus mucronata ? 355
mîdewidjiˈbîk Anemone canadensis Lozenge 382
mîdewidjiˈbîk Apocynum androsaemifolium Ceremonial 354
mînesagaˈwûnj Crataegus sp. Female remedy 384
mînesagaˈwûnj Crataegus sp. Food 409
mîneˈsagaˈwûnj Crataegus sp. Crafts 422
mînesagaˈwûnj Crataegus sp. Hunting 431
mînûgaˈwûnj Vaccinium pennsylvanicum Blood 369
mînûn Vaccinium pennsylvanicum Food 401
missaˈbîgon Cucurbita pepo Food 400
misodjidamoˈanûk Arabis glabra ? 367
mîtcigiˈmênûk Echinocystis lobata Tonic 367
mîtîˈgomîc Quercus alba Utensils 418
mîtîgoˈmîc Quercus macrocarpa Astringent 369
mîtîgoˈmîc Quercus macrocarpa Food 402
mîtîgoˈmîc wenaˈgêk Quercus rubra Bronchitis 369
mîtîgoˈmîc Quercus rubra Food 402
mîtîgwabaˈk Carya ovata Bows 419
mosoˈmîc Cornus alternifolia Emetic 366
mosoˈmîc Cornus alternifolia Smoking 417
mosoˈmîc Cornus alternifolia Trap lure 428
mûckigoˈbamîc Salix lucida Sores 388
mûckiˈgodjiˈbîk Potentilla palustris Stomach 385
mûckîgwaˈtîg Larix laricina Inhalant 378
mûckiˈ gwatîg Larix laricina Crafts 421
mûckikiˈwît Tanacetum vulgare— Fevers 366
mûckîkiˈwît Tanacetum vulgare Hunting 428
mûckiˈmîn Vaccinium oxycoccus— Food 401
mûckiˈmînagaˈwûnj Vaccinium oxycoccus Nausea 369
mûckîtciˈmîn Vaccinium oxycoccus Food 401
mûkwo Bear fat Physic 352
mûkwoˈbagaˈnak Corylus americana Dye 425
mûkwoˈbagaˈnak Corylus americana Utensils 417
mûkwobagaˈnak Corylus americana Poultices 359
mûkwobagaˈnak Corylus americana Food 397
mûkwopîniˈk Dentaria maxima Food 399

naˈbûgûck Acorus calamus Physic 355
naˈbûgûck Acorus calamus Fish lure 428
naˈbûkûck Iris versicolor Physic 371
nameˈ Sturgeon Tattooing tool 352
nameˈpîn Asarum canadense acuminatum Stomachic 357
nameˈpîn Asarum canadense acuminatum Food 397
nameˈwûckons Mentha arvensis canadensis Blood remedy 371
nanîbîteˈodeˈkîn Polygonatum biflorum Cough 374
nanibîteˈodeˈkîn Streptopus roseus Cough 374
naskosiˈîcûs Aster macrophyllus Hunting 363
naskosiˈîcûs Aster cordifolius Hunting 428
naskosiˈîcûs Aster macrophyllus Hunting 428
nawoˈbûgûk Trientalis americana Hunting 431
neˈbîneankweˈûk Hydrophyllum virginianum Flux 371
nebîneˈnanikweˈîag Hydrophyllum virginianum Horse 405, 419
medicine
nebîneˈnanikweˈîag Hydrophyllum virginianum Fodder 405
nêmêgosiˈbûg Aster macrophyllus Food 398
neweîaˈkwisînk Oakesia sessilifolia Hunting 430
nîgîtîniˈgûnûk Echinocystis lobata Tonic 367
nokomiˈskînûn Asplenium filix-femina Caked breast 381
nokweˈsîgûn Erigeron ramosus Headache 364

oˈcacadjiˈbîkes Epilobium angustifolium Carbuncle 376
ociˈgîmîc Caulophyllum thalictroides Cramps 358
odatagaˈgomîc Rubus allegheniensis Food 409
oˈdatagaˈgomîc Rubus allegheniensis Diuretic 385
odeˈimîn Fragaria virginiana Food 409
odeˈimînîdjiˈbîk Fragaria virginiana Colic 384
odeˈimînîdjiˈbîk Cornus canadensis Cold 366
odîteaˈbûg Nymphaea advena Poultices 376
odîteˈabûg waˈbîgwûn Castalia odorata Cough 376
odîteˈabûg wabîˈgwûn Castalia odorata Food 407
ogaˈdamûn Nymphaea advena Poultices 376
ogini Rosa blanda Heartburn 385
ogîniˈgawûnj Rosa blanda Heartburn 385
ogîneˈminagaˈons Rosa blanda Heartburn 385
oˈgîteˈbûg Caltha palustris Food 408
ogwiˈssimaun Cucurbita maxima Food 399
owasokwoneˈk
ogwîssiˈmaun Cucurbita maxima Diuretic 367
oˈwasokwûneˈk
ojîbweˈoweˈcûwûn Galium trifidum Skin diseases 387
okadak Aralia nudicaulis Blood purifier 356
okweˈmîn Prunus serotina Cough 385
okweˈmîn Prunus serotina Food 409
oˈmakakiˈodass Sarracenia purpurea Parturient 389
oˈmakakiˈwîdass Sarracenia purpurea Parturient 389
opin Solanum tuberosum Food 410
osagaˈtîkûm Osmorhiza longistylis Parturient 391
osaˈman Red clay Poultices 352
osawaˈskanet Diervilla lonicera Diuretic 360
oˈsawaskodjiˈbîk Impatiens biflora Dye 425
oˈsawaskwîniˈs Geranium maculatum Flux 370
oskweˈtûk Calvatia craniiformis Nose-bleed 370
owacawaˈskwûneg Linaria vulgaris Bronchitis 389
owinîsiˈmîn Gaultheria procumbens Food 401

pakwan Plantago major Sprains 380
papaskatcîksiˈganaˈtîg Sambucus racemosa Purgative 360
pigweˈwûnûsk Pastinaca sativa Female remedy 391
pîkwadj Fish Bladder Syringe 352
pîkwaˈdjîc Mushrooms Poison 402
piˈpîgweˈwanûck Heracleum lanatum Sores 390
pipigweˈwanûck Heracleum lanatum Hunting 432

sagaˈtîgons Agrimonia gryposepala Diuretic 383
sagîmaˈkwûn Fraxinus pennsylvanica Food 407
sakateˈbwi Galium aparine Kidneys 386
sakatiˈkomûk Xanthium commune ? 366
saweˈmîn Prunus virginiana Food 409
sewaˈkomîn Prunus pumila Food 409
sibaˈmûckûn Equisetum sylvaticum Dropsy 368
sizigoˈbimîc Salix fragilis Styptic 388
sizigoˈbamîc Salix pedicellaris Stomach 388
sizigoˈbamîc Salix lucida Sores 388

tcatcabonûˈksîk Scutellaria galericulata Heart 372
tciˈnameˈwûck Nepeta cataria Blood purifier 372
tciˈnameˈwûck Nepeta cataria Beverage 405
tcodeˈimînagaˈwûnj Potentilla monspeliensis Physic 384
teˈkomîn Quercus velutina Food 402
tîpotîeˈkwason Corydalis aurea Reviver 370

wabaˈbîgan White Clay Pills 352
wabackîkiˈbûg Chamaedaphne calyculata Beverage 400
wabanweˈak Viburnum pubescens Smoking 417
wabasiˈpîn Sagittaria arifolia Indigestion 353
wabasiˈpîn Sagittaria arifolia Food 396
wabeniˈmîna Phaseolus lunatus Food 406
macrocarpus
wabeniˈmînesa Phaseolus vulgaris Food 406
wabîgwon Achillea lanulosa Smoking 417
waˈbîgwûn Achillea lanulosa Insect bites 362
wabîgwûn Radicula palustris hispida ? 367
wabîˈgwûn Erigeron canadensis Hunting 428
wabîˈgwûn Hieracium canadense Hunting 428
waboskîkiˈbûg Ledum groenlandicum Beverage 401
waboskîkiˈmînûn Galium tinctorium Lungs 386
waboˈsûskwe Aralia nudicaulis Cough 356
wabûckadjî bîk Uvularia grandiflora Pleurisy 374
wabûckîkiˈbûg Spiraea salicifolia Trapping 386
wadoˈb Alnus incana Dye 425
wadoˈbîn Alnus incana Hemostatic 358
wajackweˈdo Mushrooms Poison 402
waneˈmîgons Sium cicutaefolium Hunting 432
waˈsawaskwûneˈk Solidago graminifolia Hunting 428
wasaˈwaskwûneˈk Solidago graminifolia Chest pain 366
waˈsawasniˈmîke Myrica gale Dye 425
wapate (California Sagittaria arifolia Food 396
tribe)
wapatoo (California Sagittaria arifolia Food 396
tribe)
wecaˈwaskwûneˈk Taraxacum officinale Food 399
wecaˈwûs wackwîˈnek Monarda fistulosa Catarrh 372
wecaˈwûs waˈckwînêsk Prenanthus alba Diuretic 365
weˈke Acorus calamus Physic 355
wesaˈusakwûnek Taraxacum officinale Heartburn 366
wesawabiˈkwonêk Uvularia grandiflora Stomach 374
wesawadjiˈbîkweˈak Coptis trifolia Sore mouth 383
wesawadjiˈbikweˈak Coptis trifolia Dye 426
wesawaˈnikweˈak Coptis trifolia Sore mouth 383
wesawasaˈkwûneˈk Nelumbo lutea Food 407
odîteˈabûg
wesaˈwûckûn Apocynum androsaemifolium Kidneys 354
wesaˈwûsgaˈskonêk Impatiens biflora Headache 357
wesaˈwûskwûn Apocynum androsaemifolium Fiber 413
wewaîeˈbûgûg Viola conspersa Heart 392
wicaˈwasaˈkonek Geum macrophyllum Female remedy 384
wîckobidjiˈbîk Actaea rubra Childbirth 382
wîckobiˈmandamîn Zea mays Food 403
wîckoˈbimûckoˈsi Anthoxanthum odoratum Arts 419
wîckobiˈsîˈganûg Zea mays Food 403
wigub Tilia americana Fiber 422
wîgwas Betula alba papyrifera Dye 425
wîgwas Betula alba papyrifera Utensils 413
wîgwas Betula alba papyrifera Aromatic 358
wikêˈ Iris versicolor Snake charm 430
wînîsiˈbûgûd Gaultheria procumbens Rheumatism 369, 400
wiˈnîsîk Betula lutea Beverage 397
wîngûskw Artemisia ludoviciana Veterinary use 363

zigoˈ Salix lucida Sores 388

Figure 1. Ojibwe demonstration garden at Lac du Flambeau, Wis. See page 342.

Figure 2. Ojibwe wigwam at Lac du Flambeau, Wis. Covered with cat-tail mats and birch bark rolls. See pages 340, 416, 422.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. XLVI.]

Figure 1. Ojibwe dream dance at Lac du Flambeau, Wis. See page 346.

Figure 2. Jerking deer meat at Lac du Flambeau, Wis. See page 417.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. XLVII.]

Figure 1. Ojibwe bead loom and work, Lac du Flambeau, Wis. John Whitefeather and wife. See page 413.

Figure 2. Lac du Flambeau, Wis., showing Pokegama and Flambeau lakes. See page 344.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. XLVIII.]

Figure 1. Birch bark baskets. Wife of Webujuonokwe, Flambeau Village, Wis. See page 416.

Figure 2. Ojibwe cradle board. See page 420.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. XLIX.]

Figure 1. Pounding out Black Ash basketry splints. See page 420.

Figure 2. Making ash splint baskets. See page 420.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. L.]

Figure 1. Great Bulrushes (_Scirpus validus_) for weaving mats. See page 418.

Figure 2. Ojibwe burial on Bear Island, Leech Lake, Minnesota. See page 344.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LI.]

Figure 1. Peeling birch log for canoe bark. Lac du Flambeau, Wis. See page 415.

Figure 2. Birch bark roll and method of transportation. See page 415.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LII.]

Figure 1. Splitting canoe ribs from Cedar (_Thuja occidentalis_). See page 415.

Figure 2. Making canoe ribs. See page 415.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LIII.]

Figure 1. Shaping canoe nose. See page 415.

Figure 2. Sewing canoe in form. See page 415.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LIV.]

Figure 1. Grubbing out Jack Pine roots (_Pinus banksiana_). See pages 415, 421.

Figure 2. Split Jack Pine roots coiled. See pages 415, 421.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LV.]

Figure 1. Boiling pitch of the Balsam Fir (_Abies balsamea_). See page 415.

Figure 2. Sewing birch bark canoe. See pages 416, 421.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LVI.]

Figure 1. Applying pitch to seams for waterproofing. See page 416.

Figure 2. Launching completed canoe in Flambeau Lake. See page 416.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LVII.]

Figure 1. White Cloud’s garden and potato patch, Bear Island, Leech Lake, Minnesota. See page 411.

Figure 2. Balsam bark wigwam, Leech Lake, Minnesota. See pages 340, 423.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LVIII.]

Figure 1. Piawantaginum, mother of John Peper. Age 106. Bear Island, Leech Lake, Minnesota. See page 339.

Figure 2. White Cloud, Bear Island, Leech Lake, Minn. See page 339.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LIX.]

Figure 1. Bear Island, Leech Lake, Minnesota. See page 338.

Figure 2. Tamarack branch (_Larix laricina_). Source of medicine and food. See page 378.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LX.]

Figure 1. Ground Pine (_Lycopodium dendroideum_). Source of medicine. See page 375.

Figure 2. Giant Puffball (_Calvatia craniiformis_). Source of medicine. See page 370.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXI.]

Figure 1. Balsam Fir (_Abies balsamea_). Source of medicine. See page 378.

Figure 2. White Spruce (_Picea canadensis_). Source of medicine. See page 379.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXII.]

Figure 1. White Pine (_Pinus strobus_). Source of medicine. See pages 379, 421.

Figure 2. Norway Pine (_Pinus resinosa_). Source of medicine. See pages 379, 421.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXIII.]

Figure 1. Bur Oak (_Quercus macrocarpa_). Source of medicine. See page 369.

Figure 2. Red Oak (_Quercus rubra_). Source of medicine. See page 370.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXIV.]

Figure 1. Red Maple (_Acer rubrum_). Used in arts. See pages 353, 412.

Figure 2. Mountain Holly (_Nemopanthus mucronata_). Source of medicine. See page 355.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXV.]

Figure 1. Sphagnum Moss (_Sphagnum dusenii_). Used in arts. See page 422.

Figure 2. Virginia Grape Fern (_Botrichium virginianum_). Source of medicine. See page 377.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXVI.]

Figure 1. Pitcher-plant (_Sarracenia purpurea_). Source of medicine. See page 389.

Figure 2. Cranberries in fruit (_Vaccinium oxycoccus_). Source of medicine and food. See pages 369, 401.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXVII.]

Figure 1. Poison Ivy (_Rhus toxicodendron_). Source of medicine. See page 354.

Figure 2. Box Elder (_Acer negundo_). Source of medicine and food. See pages 353, 394.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXVIII.]

Figure 1. Balsam Apple (_Echinocystis lobata_). Source of medicine. See page 367.

Figure 2. Great Willow-herb (_Epilobium angustifolium_). Source of medicine. See page 376.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXIX.]

Figure 1. Wild Currant (_Ribes americanum_ Mill.). Source of food. See page 410.

Figure 2. River-bank Grape (_Vitis vulpina_). Source of medicine and food. See pages 392, 411.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXX.]

Figure 1. Canada Mayflower (_Maianthemum canadense_). Source of medicine. See page 373.

Figure 2. False Spikenard (_Smilacina racemosa_). Source of medicine. See page 374.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXXI.]

Figure 1. Twisted Stalk (_Streptopus roseus_). Source of medicine. See page 374.

Figure 2. Solomon’s Seal (_Polygonatum biflorum_). Source of medicine. See page 374.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXXII.]

Figure 1. Purple Meadow Rue (_Thalictrum dasycarpum_). Source of medicine. See page 383.

Figure 2. Carrion-flower (_Smilax herbacea_). Source of medicine. See page 374.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXXIII.]

Figure 1. Wild Columbine (_Aquilegia canadensis_). Source of charm. See page 383.

Figure 2. Canada Anemone (_Anemone canadensis_). Source of medicine. See page 382.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXXIV.]

Figure 1. Goldthread (_Coptis trifolia_). Source of medicine and dye. See pages 383, 426.

Figure 2. Wintergreen (_Gaultheria procumbens_). Source of medicine. See pages 369, 400.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXXV.]

Figure 1. Red Baneberry (_Actaea rubra_). Source of medicine. See page 382.

Figure 2. Labrador Tea (_Ledum groenlandicum_). Source of beverage. See page 401.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXXVI.]

Figure 1. Agrimony (_Agrimonia gryposepala_). Source of medicine. See page 384.

Figure 2. Hawthorn (_Crataegus_ sp.). Source of food and utility. See pages 384, 431.

BULL., PUBL. MUS., MILW. VOL. 4, PL. LXXVII.]