Chapter XXIII: Section III: Marks of Booksellers and Printers Signed with the Lorraine (3)

Quo melius hoc Itinerario, iucunde lector, possis uti, admonendus es quæcumque virgula miniacea notata deprehendes ea plura fuisse apud vetus exemplar quam in altero recenti; quæ autem in ipso recenti diversa legebantur minutula litera et ipsa quidem rubra suis locis sunt super impressa. Quandocumque hujus modi signum ʌ interlegendum occurret, dictio vel numerus eodem signo supra vel juxta notatus esse debet. Ilud etiam in textu multis in locis hoc modo scriptum mpm. significat milia plus minus. Scriptum est autem sic ne tam frequens et longula repetitio lectorem tedio afficeret. In indice nonnumquam b. literam solam, post vel inter chartarum numeros, invenies: ea significat dictionem ipsam bis ad minimum eadem in charta posse inveniri. Vide ergo, et gratus attende, quod si quos hanc nostram diligentiam non amare videas, Persianum illis hoc apud te dicas: 'Virtutem ut videant, intabescantque relicta.' Hoc ideo scribo quoniam inter imprimendum quidam nichil tale intelligentes de more damnabant.

Vale et vive diu fœlix.

CIVIS.

U

_Gerardi Versellani Burgundi carmen hendecasyllabon in malos
impressores._

Ergo hinc ergo procul manus profanæ
Vulgi chalcographon inauspicati,
Impuræque operæ procul facessant,
Ne interdicto aditu improbaque fronte
Res spurcetur et inquinetur alma.
Ne quis nesciat: hoc sacrum est volumen.

Heu chalcographi mali et miselli,
Nullas ne scholicas quidem aut aniles
Nugellas dare formulis periti,
Quid sanctas male taminatis artes,
Incestaque manu novem Sororum
Funestatis opes laboriosas?

Quid non promitis ita ab officina
Illuc projicier fodique dignum
Quo ventris retrimenta deferuntur?

Ergo hinc ergo procul profani abite,
Vos, o chalcographi mali et miselli!
Sit dictum satis: hoc sacrum est volumen
Quod noster Godofredus, ille noster,
Ille, inquam, Biturix, Pii misertus,
Lethæa carie eruit sepultum,
Ductu Longuolii sui atque ope usus.

V

_Torinus lectori felicitatem._

Hasce plusculas recognitiones, lector optime, oro non admirare. Sic eas ab exemplari vetere diversas collegi, ut tibi non pigra manu librum emendare possis. Errores chalcographis imponerem; sed ars ipsa prelaria suopte more hoc in se habet, ut ne libellus quidem sine aliqua menda prorsus imprimi possit. Vale.

_Ad studiosum Epigramma per Torinum._

Oppida si centum, centum si sedulus urbes
Certo cum spacio, lector, adire paras,
Centena portus si cum statione marinos
Excupis, et recta doctior ire via,
Hunc tibi comprimis habilem studiose libellum
In dextra gratus semper habeto manu.

W

_Torinus ad Librum._

I, Liber, ad vatum penetralia sacra piorum;
Es facilis, tersus, candidus, atque probus.
Exornatus habes nardosque, rosasque, crocosque,
Cum Phœbo et latias numina grata Deas.
Ne vereare Deos tecum vectare faventes,
Spirantem lauros te super astra ferent.

_Agnes Torina, virguncularum modestissima suavissimaque, de tumulo
viatorem alloquitur._

Qui levibus transis pedibus, dilecte viator,
Siste parum; ecce, tibi dicere pauca libet.
Vive memor leti, viciis abstersus, et illam
Spem tibi vivendi, si sapis, abjicito.
Ore nites hodie pulchro, sed stamine secto
Protinus in nihilum te impia Parca rapit.
Hoc experta scio, quoniam virguncula nuper
Annos nata decem rapta repente fui.
Ut rosa florebam sociis virtutibus illis
Quæ cerni in tenera virginitate solent.
Sed tamen interii crudelibus obruta fatis,
Iam data carnivoris vermibus esca meis.
Vermibus esca meis iaceo data, non tamen usque
Usque adeo exanguis quin tibi vera loquar.
Ore loquor latio, nec mirum, candide amice,
Filia nam vatis sum memoranda pii.
Imbutam ausonia cupiens me reddere lingua
Artibus et pariter me decorare bonis,
Nocte dieque docens, pater ut charissimus, ipse
Fundamenta mihi dulcia et ampla dabat.
Docta forem celebres nimirum amplexa camænas,
Et canerem blandis carmina pulchra modis.
Oscula chara mihi genitor meus inde dedisset,
Imponens capiti laurea serta meo.
O miseras hominum sortes! O vota caduca!
In terris nihil est quod solidum esse queat.
Non solum miseris mortalibus obvia mors est,
Sed tacito insidians clam subit ilia pede.
Ah! caveas igitur, caveas moriture, profecto
Omnia sub modico tempore lapsa ruunt.
Tu dum vivis adhuc, magnos dum quæris honores,
Instabili[558] et rapide pergis obire gradu.
Si contentus abis hoc uno denique certo
Consilio, et tu me dicere vera putas,
Sparge mihi flores, violas et lilia, nardos;
Funde preces etiam, si placet, et lachrymas.
Me facies superum precibus conscendere ad axem,
Lux ubi perpetua est, pax et amœna quies.
Hoc erat exiguum quod ego te scire volebam,
Vive memor leti, mox periture. Vale.

Obiit ubi erat nata, Parisiis, xxv augusti,
anno Do[mini] M.D.XXII.

Vixit annos novem, menses undecim, dies fere triginta. Horas scit nemo. Momenta solus novit Deus.

* * * * *

PATER _et_ FILIA _collocutores_.

P. Vermibus esca iaces, charissima filia! tu me
Linquis in assiduis fletibus et lachrymis.

F. Chare pater! lachrymis parcas et fletibus, actum
Est de me. Iuvenes mors rapit atque senes.

P. Parcere non possum diris nec planctibus. Eia!
Debueram in mortem iustius ire prior.

F. Sic fore non placuit fatis cœlestibus. Ad me,
Crede mihi, certo funere tu venies.

P. Interea manibus violas et lilia plenis
Ad tua demissa fronte sepulchra feram.

F. Adde preces, precibus supera ad convexa volabo:
Astra piæ faciunt scandere celsa preces.

P. Est ut ais, tu gnata etiam pro patre precare,
Scilicet ut tecum sidera læta petat.

F. Sidera læta petes curis exemptus amaris,
Omnibus et mentis sordibus expositis.

P. Vera mones, et sic faciam. Deus optimus ad se
Te vocet in cœlum. Filia chara, vale.

* * * * *

P. Eia, mea dulcis anima, defuncta es.

F. Euge, pater. Nemo immortalis.

* * * * *

_Disticha duodecim urnæ faciebus separatim inscribenda._

In prima facie.

Vis flores! violas! Vis lilia! serta! cyperos!
Hæc tibi, sume libens, fictilis urna dabit.

In secunda.

Hac Agnes defuncta iacet virguncula in urna,
In cuius medio spirat amœnus odos.

In III.

Hic locus, hic et Amor, Ludus, Virtus quoque, et ipsæ
Cum Musis Charites suntque sedentque Deæ.

In IIII.

Hac amaracus inest urna, redolensque cyperus,
Insunt et violæ, lilia, serta, rosæ.

In V.

Non iacet hic Agnes virguncula sola, sed ipsæ
Cum Phœbo Clariæ suntque sedentque Deæ.

In VI.

Bracteolas gemmis iunctas viridesque lapillos
Hæc cum perpetuis floribus urna fovet.

In VII.

Vis et amas urnam Agnetis cognoscere? Cerne,
Laurus ubi excellens alta sub astra viret.

In VIII.

Hic defuncta iacet virgo memorabilis Agnes,
Quæ faciles tenero iam dabat ore modos.

In IX.

Annos nata decem iacet hic virguncula vates,
Carminis ingenui et virginitatis honor.

In X.

Si petis Agnetis cineres cognoscere certos,
Hic sunt, ne dubita credere, certus habes.

In XI.

Vis Phœbum et Musas modulis cum dulcibus ipsas?
Hanc subeas urnam, protinus invenies.

In XII.

Succrescens vates, teneris defuncta sub annis,
Hic cum laurigera virginitate iacet.

* * * * *

MONITOR _et_ AGNES _collocutores_.

M. Dic mihi pauca, precor, vates virguncula?

A. Dicam.
Dummodo pauca roges.

M. Pauca rogabo.

A. Roga.

M. Quæ tibi defunctæ mens?

A. Aurea.

M. Quid tibi corpus?

A. Pulvereum.

M. Quisnam spiritus?

A. Æthereus.

M. Sufficit, alma quies tibi sit cum pace perennis.

A. Et tibi viventi dulcis et ampla salus.

_Disticha de lauro prope tumulum et urnam Agnetis in tabellis
scriptis pendentia._

In prima tabella.

Hic iacet eximiæ vates virtutis imago,
Naturæ specimen nobile et egregium.

In secunda.

Hic confracta iacent pharetris languentibus arma,
Quæ quondam ingenuus ferre solebat Amor.

In III.

Unio, chrystallus, magnes, viridisque smaragdus,
Hic cum virginea vate iacente nitent.

In IIII.

Hic ver perpetuum vario cum flore virescet,
Dum carpenta micans aurea Phœbus aget.

In V.

Hic Decor et Ludus, Risusque, Iocusque, quiescunt,
Hic cum laurigera est virgine inermis Amor.

In VI.

Hac conclusus inest media thesaurus in urna;
Ne tangas, gemmæ sunt simul innumeræ.

In VII.

Dum radiis Phœbus cœlestia templa replebit,
Hic violæ et flores, his et anetus erunt.

In VIII.

Hic Amor, et Ludus, Risusque, Iocusque, Leposque,
Hic Musæ et Charites, hic et Apollo sedent.

In IX.

Hic cum mellifluis habitat virguncula Musis,
Acceptura decus perpetuumque melos.

In X.

Sponte sua tellus amaracina secta refundens
Hic viret, et verno rore benigna madet.

In XI.

Hic violæ, hic flores, hic lilia, serta, coronæ,
Sponte sua increscunt, sponte suaque virent.

In XII.

Hic sua signa manu Genius difringit acerba,
Naturæ specimen dum periisse videt.

* * * * *

MONITOR _et_ VIRGINITAS _collocutores_.

M. Heus tu quæ roseo es virgo spectabilis ore,
Quid facis hic lachrymans anxia tota?

V. Gemo.

M. Quæ causa est gemitus?

V. Agnes virguncula, cuius
Hæc prope me cineres fictilis urna tenet.

M. Unde meis tam suavis odos est naribus?

V. Urna
De media, Charites quem posuere Deæ.

M. Quid posuere?

V. Rosas et cinnama, balsama, nardos,
Flores et violas, lilia, serta, crocos.

M. An amaracus inest etiam cum stacte cyperus?

V. Omnis inest redolens herba et amænus odor.

M. Urna gerit viridem pulchre insignita coronam?

V. Ut decet et par est, laurea serta gerit.

M. Quæ ratio?

V. Musas in se comprendit ovantes,
Quæ teneræ cantant virginis exequias.

M. An solæ recinunt?

V. Solæ non. Phœbus Apollo
In medio modulans mystica sacra fovet.

M. Quid tibi vis igitur, virgo suavissima, tanto
Cum gemitu, et superi te prope dulce canunt?

V. Vera tibi dicam, nequeo non flere libenter,
Tam fuit egregio nobilis ingenio.
Annos nata decem, patris præcepta secuta,
Iam facilis vates carmen ab ore dabat.

M. Tu mihi naturæ miracula grandia narras!

V. Hisce nihil terris verius esse potest.

M. Qui sunt quos video stantes?

V. Ludus, locus, inde
Gestus, Honor, Virtus et genialis Amor.

M. Arma iacent urnam circum quamplurima fracta?

V. Ipsi gestabant integriora Dei.

M. Quid facient fractis olim sic omnibus illis?

V. Cum planctu et lachrymis assiduos gemitus.

M. Tune etiam flebis?

V. Flebo mœstissima semper.

M. Nomen habes?

V. Habeo.

M. Quid tibi?

V. Virginitas.

M. Chara, vale.

V. Valeas, Monitor charissime, et huius
Egregiæ quondam virginis esto memor.

* * * * *

MONITOR _et_ AGNES _collocutores_.

M. Parva iacens vates celebri dignissima laude,
Sum potis his tecum dicere pauca?

A. Potis.

M. Hanc tibi quis struxit gemmis insignibus urnam?

A. Quis? Meus in tali nobilis arte pater.

M. Excellens certe est figulus genitor tuus.

A. Artes
Quottidie tractat sedulus ingenuas.

M. Anne etiam scribit modulos et carmina?

A. Scribit.
Dulcibus et verbis hæc mea fata beat.

M. Ipsius est nimirum hominis solertia mira?

A. Tam celebrem regio vix tulit ulla virum.

M. O tali virgo felix genitore!

A. Profecto.
Ipse etiam nomen tollit inastra meum.

M. Audio concentus.

A. Clariæ modulamina Musæ
Cum Phœbo hic mecum nocte dieque canunt.

M. Te prope conspicio Charites?

A. Mihi serta ministrant.

M. Unde legunt violas?

A. Collibus Elysiis.

M. Sunt alii tecum?

A. Sunt et tria numina.

M. Quænam?

A. Ludus, Amor, Monitor candide, et inde Iocus.

M. Quid faciunt?

A. Holocausta mihi divina reponunt,
Et solitos implent fomite et igne focos.

M. Es Dea de superis iamdudum sedibus una?

A. De superis fio sedibus una Dea.

M. Si Dea, cur charos in cœlica regna parentes
Scandere non curas?

A. Scandet uterque parens.

M. Sed quando?

A. Quando certe sua fata videbunt
Esse opus. Ex fatis stat sua cuique dies.

M. Stat sua cuique dies ergo certissima?

A. Cuique
Eveniunt certo fata suprema die.

M. Interea genitor tuus et tua mater in hisce
Quid facient terris?

A. Quid? Pia, sacra, preces.

M. Postea quid fiet?

A. Cœlestia templa beati,
Æthereo et supero patre favente, petent.

M. In mea iam redeo tractanda negocia.

A. Quando
Nempe voles; felix vive, et amice vale.

M. Tu quoque cum superis habita cœlestibus ut mens
Ætherea, ut sidus nobile, ut alma Dea.

* * * * *

GENIUS _et_ VIATOR _collocutores_.

G. Siste parum, ulterius, quæso, nec tende viator,
Hanc urnam et tumulum quin prius aspicias.

V. Quis tu?

G. Sum Genius.

V. Quid vis tibi?

G. Pauca vicissim
Hic cupio tecum dicere, amice.

V. Placet.

G. Virgineam vatem fatis crudelibus haustam
Aspice ut hæc in se fictilis urna tenet!

V. Annos quot vixit?

G. Bis quinque.

V. Canebat et ilia
Docta modos?

G. Sic est.

V. Tu mihi mira canis.

G. Scribebat dulci genialia carmina versu,
Sponte sua modulans, sponte suapte canens.

V. Naturae o rarum decus! o manifesta Deorum
Gloria, quod vates ilia tenella foret?

G. Carmen erat quicquid casu proferre volebat,
Quicquid et optabat dicere carmen erat.

V. Unde illi tantæ frugis veniebat origo?

G. Sedibus a superis, unde venire solet.

V. Ut divina igitur versus faciebat amœnos?

G. Ut divina, sui et iussa secuta patris.

V. Illius an etiam genitor modulamina tractat?

G. Tractat, et est vates candidus atque probus.
Est probus et facilis, tersus, florensque, decensque.
Est quem divino carmine Musa beat.

V. Mecenate aliquo certe dignissimus ille est.

G. Mecenas Franco rarus in orbe viget.
Nemo hodie ingenuas donis conformibus artes
Aut fovet, aut ulla sorte fovere parat.
Non est in pretio probitas, nec candida virtus.
Infelix adeo regnat Avaricia.
Fraus, dolus et vitium prestant; virtutibus omne
Postpositis miserum serpit ubique nephas.

V. Quid facit ille igitur Musis excultus amœnis?

G. In propria gaudet vivere posse domo.

V. Ad reges alacri deberet tendere passu.

G. Non curat, quoniam libera corda gerit.
Isti nonnunquam gaudent spectare potentes
Carmina, sed quid tum: nictibus illa beant.
Deberent gemmis auroque rependere puro
Aurea de superis carmina ducta polis.
Sed potius fatuis, nebulonibus atque prophanis
Contribuunt stulti grandia dona leves.

V. Ille suam natam studiis ornabat honestis?

G. Ornabat studiis, artibus atque bonis,

V. An quoque et illa libens patris præcepta tenebat?

G. Nil magis optabat quam patris ora sequi.

V. O quam grandis honor patriæque patrique fuisset
Integra si vitæ munia adepta foret!

G. Nimirum Francis in sedibus illa puellas
Ante omneis alias gloria prima foret.
Insignis facie, vultu formosa modesto,
Moribus et dictis aurea tota bonis.
Ad se corda hominum, iuvenumque, senumque trahebat
In sua constanti vota sequenda fide.

V. Mira mihi dicis?

G. Dico tibi vera, viator.
Ingenuæ speculum nobilitatis erat.

V. O nimis immensus dolor! o dolor asper et angor!
Tam rapido talem posse perire gradu!
Quid pater interea faciet?

G. Mœstissimus ipse
Cordolium et lachrymas perferet assiduas.

V. Ille preces melius superis cœlestibus amplas
Funderet et precibus iungeret exequias.

G. Exequias precibus iungitque fovetque perennes,
Implet et assuetos fomite et ignefocos.

V. O tam plausibili virguncula digna parente!
O etiam tali stirpe beate pater!

G. Illa modo lætis in nubibus alma refulget,
Ut jubar exortum, sidus ut aureolum.

V. Æthereis fulgens in sedibus illa triumphet,
Et patrem secum filia grata trahat.

G. In rem vade tuam, si vis modo abire, viator:
Hæc sunt quæ volui dicere. Amice, vale.

V. Sis felix tumuli custos, urnæque retector;
In rem vado meam sedulus et properus.

Impressum Parrhisiis, e regione scholæ Decretorum, anno Do[mini] M.D.XXIII, die xv mensis febr.

X

_Godofredus Torinus Biturigicus lectori candido s(alutem)._

Egregii quidam sunt felici hoc seculo pictores, lector humanissime, qui suis lineamentis, picturis et variis coloribus deos gentilitios et homines, itemque alias res quascunque adeo exacte depingunt, ut illis vox et anima deesse tantummodo videatur; sed ecce, lector humanissime, ego iam tibi illorum propemodum more, domum offero, non solum suis lineamentis et partibus elegantem et absolutam, sed etiam pulchre loquentem et encomio sese particulatim describentem. Offero etiam tibi septem Epitaphia antiquo more et sermone veterrimo conficta et conscripta, varios miserorum hominum amantum affectus pervio quodam modo ostendentia. Ipsa tibi (inquam) lubens offero, non ut ita verbis obsitis loquaris aut scribas, sed ut antiquitatem ipsam tibi ante oculos tuos faciles et iucundissimos habeas, et te a me benemonitum intelligas, ut in amoris insani laqueos et angustias devenire caveas. Vale.

Y

_Gotofredus Torinus Biturigicus ad reginam Leonoram._

Pergimus hunc, Leonora, tuum celebrare triumphum,
Quem tibi Parrhisii contribuere tui.
Tam pia tu nobis extas regina quod omnes
Dicere te veram possumus esse DEAM.
Esse DEAM sane te dicere possumus almam,
Quum nos optata denique pace beas.
Pace beas omneis qui Gallica regna frequentant,
Fata adeo nutu te statuere bono.
Ut proba, sancta etiam, clemens, et vera beatrix,
Adduxti patriæ Lilla nostra suæ.
Vis dicam paucis, et verum proloquar, in te
Omnibus est nobis publica et ampla salus.

_Idem ad eandem._

Di, Leonora, tibi felicia Fata perennent;
Lætitia es nobis, Pax, et amœna Quies.

_Idem Torinus ad Gentem Gallicam._

Exulta et lætare simul, gens Gallica, cernis
Quas tibi delicias iam Leonora facit.
Ipsa, Dei (credas) manifesto numine missa,
Te facit egregia denique pace frui.
Sparge rosas, lauros, violas, nardumque, crocumque,
Et genio indulge tota iocosa tuo.
Sed videas etiam ne tu gens optima cesses
Ante Deum laudes accumulare pias;
Si canis usque Deo laudes, et phana frequentas,
(Crede mihi), pacis commoda longa feres;
Aurea sub facili spectabis secula cœlo,
De terra et felix aurea farra metes.
Adde quod et pariter fies gens aurea tota.
Perge igitur summo sacra iterare Deo.

Z

_Ludovica, regia mater, suam Galliam alloquitur et consolatur, Go.
Torino Bit. scribente._

Gallia, quid de me luges mæstissima? nescis
Quod genus omne hominum morte perire solet?
Respira, et tecum expende ut te provida ab atris
Hostibus et diris casibus eripui.
Linquo tibi gnatum cœlesti numine regem,
In pulchra qui te, me duce, pace fovet.
Te penes in gremio lætus sua pignora cernit,
Orbem quæ totum sub tua sceptra dabunt.
Reginam virtutis habes et pacis alumnam,
Sidere felici quæ tua fata beat.
Altera et una tibi est etiam regina sacrati
Quæ soror est regis et benesuada tui.
Principibus tantis non est tibi, chara, gemendum,
Gallia! tu felix talibus es ducibus.
Ipsa ego te prorsus moriens non desero, nanque
Immortale meum tu modo nomen habes.
Semper apud superum pro te devota Tonantem
Orabo, ut victrix et generosa regas.
Sparge mihi lauros, violas, nardosque crocosque;
Stracte (_sic_) etiam flores, lilia, serta, rosas;
His super adiungas summiscum laudibus hymnos,
Exequias, modulos, thura sabea, preces.
Aras ne dubita mihi tendere. Nam, Dea ut alma
In cœlos pergo ianque volare. Vale.

FOOTNOTES:

[Footnote 501: Another document which M. Boyer has kindly made known to me, dated in 1489, informs us that this Jean Thory lived on rue aux Vaches, in Faubourg Saint-Privé; so that it was on that street that Geofroy was born. 'Now,' M. Boyer writes me, 'as that street contains only two houses, I am inclined to select as the house in question the one designated by the name of _maison du perron_, because of a stoop (_perron_) with a wooden roof which is still preserved, and which is accounted for by the proximity of the river.' I saw the house in 1856; it still belongs to the Toubeau family, which tends to confirm M. Boyer's opinion.]

[Footnote 502: Archives of the Department of the Cher, Series C, Notarial Records; minutes of Jean Dujat, notary, 1507.]

[Footnote 503: [See supra, p. 44.]]

[Footnote 504: On the first page of both books are the words: 'Biturigis, apud Bonaventuram Thorinum, sub signo Anchoræ, vico Maiore, 1595'; and at the end: 'Excusus fuit hic liber typis viduæ Nicolai Levez, Avarici Biturigum, juxta scholas utriusque juris.' (Bibliothèque Nationale.) The first alone contains a license to print (dated August 29, 1595). Therein the publisher is called, in French, 'Thorin,' the natural rendering of the Latin name that we find in the 'note to the reader,' where the form 'Torinus' occurs four times, and 'Thorinus' once only; which confirms my hypothesis relative to the descent of this bookseller of Bourges. For we have seen that Tory wrote his name Torinus in Latin. I must not omit to mention one objection suggested by a friend of mine at Bourges,--that our man is called Bonaventure _Thorin_, in a book of imposts for the year 1588. But every one knows how irregular the spelling of names was in the old days.]

[Footnote 505: May not Tory's son have had for his godfather Bonaventure des Périers, who committed suicide in 1544, in order to avoid a prosecution on account of his religion?]

[Footnote 506: This book, which bears a French title, _Lesclaircissement de la langue françoise_, although written in English and for the English, was printed at London shortly after the publication of Tory's _Champ fleury_. M. Génin issued a second edition in 1852, quarto, Paris, Imprimerie Nationale.]

[Footnote 507: Read 'Tory'; letters transposed.]

[Footnote 508: Read 'Bourges.' The error is due to the fact that the London printers were much more familiar with Bruges, where Caxton, their first master, lived a long while before he introduced printing in England, than with Bourges in Berry. (See my book on the _Origin of Printing_, vol. ii, pp. 347 ff.)]

[Footnote 509: See what I have myself said on this subject, supra, p. 17.]

[Footnote 510: In order to be fair to everybody I am bound to say that M. Génin's reckoning is at fault. Henry VIII having succeeded to the throne on April 22, 1509, the twenty-second year of his reign extends from April 22, 1530, to April 21, 1531, and consequently the license cited here must have been dated September 2, 1530, that is to say, a month and a half after the printing of Palsgrave's book was finished.]

[Footnote 511: Say a year and a half, in consequence of the correction suggested in the preceding note. However, Tory had announced a year earlier the _Reigles de lorthographe du langaige françois._ See supra, p. 100.]

[Footnote 512: Vol. iv, fol. 320 recto. MSS. folio preserved at the Library of the École de Médecine in Paris.]

[Footnote 513: [See supra, pp. 55 and 65.]]

[Footnote 514: [See supra, pp. 69 and 44.]]

[Footnote 515: [See supra, p. 96.]]

[Footnote 516: The necessity of distinguishing between the final _e_ which requires the acute accent (_aveuglé_) and that which does not take it (_aveugle_) led to calling the former _masculine_ and the other _feminine_. Hence the term 'feminine' still given in French poetry to mute rhymes.]

[Footnote 517: In the fourth edition of the _Manuel de Libraire_; he does mention it in the fifth edition, however, citing me. It is not mentioned either in the _Essai sur la Vie et les Ouvrages de Marguerite d'Angoulême_, by M. de Lincy, prefixed to his edition of the _Heptameron_, which was published by the Société des Bibliophiles Français in 1853-54. I describe it from a copy owned by M. Ferdinand Denis.]

[Footnote 518: The original text of these letters may be found in my book, _Les Estienne et les types grecs de François Iᵉʳ_; I give here only a translation borrowed from M. Crapelet, _Études pratiques_, p. 89.]

[Footnote 519: By an inexplicable blunder M. Crapelet has thought fit to render the two words 'Gallicæ reipublicæ,' _republic (of letters)_, failing to understand that the word 'respublica' stands for the State. It is needless to say that he has been followed by many others, particularly M. Duprat in his 'Histoire de l'Imprimerie impériale,' 1861.]

[Footnote 520: I borrow this fragment from M. Crapelet (_Études pratiques_, p. 116), for I have been unable to inspect the volume from which he took it, although he gives an interesting description of it.]

[Footnote 521: [_Lettre à_ or _sur double queue_, letters on which the seal is suspended from a strip of parchment passed through the document.]]

[Footnote 522: See what I have to say in the Preface on the subject of Pierre le Rouge, who is given the title of king's printer once, in 1488.]

[Footnote 523: The dates that I give are those of the holding of the office of _king's printer_, and not of the carrying on the trade of printer, which, as a general rule, do not coincide, at least so far as the earlier dates are concerned.]

[Footnote 524: Brunet, _Manuel de Libraire_, 5th edit., vol. ii, col. 1672.--See infra, p. 307 _King's Printers for the Mathematics_.]

[Footnote 525: He calls himself 'architypographus regius' in a work printed by him in 1608.]

[Footnote 526: See the _Recette générale des finances_ of Paris for 1671, in the national archives, KK. 356, fol. 53.]

[Footnote 527: See my _Les Estienne_, p. 35.]

[Footnote 528: Renouard, _Annales des Estienne_, 3d edit., p. 228, col. 1. See also my _Les Estienne_, p. 36.]

[Footnote 529: This appointment involved him in some difficulty with his colleagues, as may be seen from the following letter, of which I found a copy in the Bibliothèque du Louvre, in the Nyon collection.

'When I asked and obtained the office of king's printer, of which M. Le Breton had been deprived by death, I had no idea that it could cause any heart-burning on the part of my confrères, with whom I have always earnestly desired to be on the best of terms. If I had been able to foresee such a thing, I am too much a friend of peace to have voluntarily exposed myself to it by assuming a title which was subject to dispute. But, monsieur, when I submitted the question to you, I thought that I could see that it did not seem to you free from doubt. For this reason I cannot hesitate to abandon claims which seem to me well-founded.

'I beg you therefore, monsieur, to regard as not having been made the claims that I put forward on this subject, and as my confrères do not pretend that any one of them has the right to style himself first king's printer, in like manner I agree to assume simply the title of ordinary printer to his Majesty, and that we shall be placed in the _Almanack Royal_ in the order of our reception.

'Paris, 20 November, 1779.

PIERRES.'

For this famous printer, see Lottin, _Catalogue des Imprimeurs de Paris_, vol. ii, p. 139.]

[Footnote 530: For this paragraph, see my _Les Estienne_.]

[Footnote 531: He is mentioned as 'imprimeur du roi,' without other description, in the registers of the cemetery of Les Réformés de la Trinité, rue Saint-Denis; but I think that he was simply an engraver on copper, like Tavernier.]

[Footnote 532: [Clearly a misprint; perhaps 1561.]]

[Footnote 533: He had been in business since 1784.]

[Footnote 534: He had been in business since 1813.]

[Footnote 535: He had been in business since 1785.]

[Footnote 536: There were royal printers in various cities of France after the latter part of the sixteenth century; but the office was neither regularly instituted nor general in its scope. These printers seem to have had it specially in charge to print official documents in the provinces, which function conferred on them certain privileges, and sometimes caused difficulties with the local authorities, who also had their special printers. The first editions of the edicts, ordinances, etc., emanating from the central authority were afterwards placed in the hands of the royal printing-office in Paris. See what I have to say on this subject in my work on _Les Estienne_, p. 56.

In 1844 M. Le Roux de Lincy published in the _Journal de l'Amateur de livres_, and also had printed separately in an octavo pamphlet of 16 leaves, a compilation entitled: _Catalogue chronologique des imprimeurs et libraires du roi, par le père Adry_; but those shapeless memoranda were not originally intended for printing, and I have been unable to obtain the slightest particle of useful information from them.]

[Footnote 537: Archives, reg. KK, 99, fol. 116 verso. '_Librairie._--To maistre Jean de Sansay, _libraire ordinaire_ to the King our Sire, the sum of two hundred forty livres tournoys, ordered [to be paid] to him by our said lord and his warrant, for his wages as _libraire ordinaire_ to our said lord, [said office being held] by him during this present year beginning the first day of January a thousand five hundred twenty-eight [1529 n. s.], and ending the last day of December following, a thousand five hundred twenty-nine, of which sum this present clerk has made payment to the said Sansay by virtue of said warrant, as appears by his receipt signed at his request by Mᵉ Huault, notary and secretary to the King, the twenty-third day of January in the year a thousand five hundred twenty-nine now current. For the said sum of IIᶜ XL l. t.']

[Footnote 538: Brunet, _Manuel de Libraire_, 5th edit., vol. ii, col. 1672.]

[Footnote 539: Was this Jehan Estienne of the family of the great printers? I am unable to say. He is not mentioned in any of their genealogies, nor is the Gommer Estienne, whom I have referred to in my _Les Estienne_.]

[Footnote 540: The name is left blank at the beginning of the original document, and the signature is very doubtful. But the name _Burgensis_ or _Bourgeois_, is very common at that period. François I had a physician called Louis Burgensis.]

[Footnote 541: _La Renaissance des Arts_, vol. i, p. 973.]

[Footnote 542: Ibid., p. 925.]

[Footnote 543: That is to say, to _goffer_.]

[Footnote 544: This volume is without date, but the license to print is dated February 23, 1539 (1540, n. s.).]

[Footnote 545: [See supra, p. 138.]]

[Footnote 546: _Salutem dicit perpetuam._]

[Footnote 547: Read _Avaricum_.]

[Footnote 548: The book has _potuit_, but the errata informs us that we should read _possit_.]

[Footnote 549: The book has _adiiecimus_.]

[Footnote 550: The book has _quandoquidam_, but the errata corrects the error.]

[Footnote 551: The book has _i._, which, the Middle Ages, stood for _id est_.]

[Footnote 552: Should we not read _manent?_]

[Footnote 553: In the errata it is said that we should read _debebat_, but that word does not fit the metre.]

[Footnote 554: _Claud._, XV, 385: 'Minuit præsentia famam.']

[Footnote 555: Plautus, _Casine_, act. V, sc. IV, v. 1: Ubi tu es, qui colere mores Massilienseis postulas.]

[Footnote 556: Should we not say _daret_, or, rather, _dares?_]

[Footnote 557: Read _quo_. At the best this verse is halting.]

[Footnote 558: The book has _Istabili_. It was impossible to place the sign of abbreviation over the capital I.]

INDEX

ABBATIA, _Bernard, 'Prognostication touchant le mariage du tres
honoré et tres aimé Henry,' etc._, 282.

_Abrégé des Meditations de la vie de Jésus-Christ_, 229.

_Accents. See Orthographic marks._

_Adolescence Clementine. See Marot, Clement._

_Adriani Behotii diluvium_, 280 _note_ 2.

ÆDILOQUIUM, _etc._, 29-30, 31, 92-93, 201-202.

_Agricola, Rodolphe, 'De inventione dialectica,'_ 267.

_Alard, Guillaume, his mark_, 273.

_Alphabetum hebraicum_, 274-275.

_Amman, Jost_, 251.

_Anciens bois de l'imprimerie Fick_, 260 _note_ 3.

_Ange Bologninus, 'De la curation des ulceres exterieurs,'_ 41.

_Annius of Viterbo_, 3, 61.

_Antistitis incomparabilis Michaelis Bodeti_, 137.

_Apollonius Alexandrinus, De constructione_, 276.

_Apologie pour la foi chrestienne contre les erreurs contenues en
un petit livre de Messire Georges Halevin_, 138.

_Apostrophe. See Orthographic marks._

_Aristophanes_, 197, 274.

_Artificialis introductio Jacobi Fabri Stapulensis_, 268 _note_ 4.

_Asselin, Pierre_, 273.

_Assier, Alexandre. See Socard, Alexis._

_Aumale, Duc d'_, 144, 154, 163, 164 _note_ 1.

_Aumont, Blanche d', arms of_, 171.

_Avaricum. See Bourges._

BABOU, _Philibert_, 2, 3, 4 5, 6, 10, 51-53, 60-61 65, 68, 69, 72.

_Bade, Conrad_, 232, 233;
_his mark_, 266.

_Bade, Josse_, 57, 145, 200, 201.

_Baïf, Lazarus, 'Annotationes,' etc._, 208-209.

_Baker, David_, 293.

_Barbier, Olivier_, 208 _note_ 2.

_Baron Collection_, 254 _and note_ 2.

_Barra, Jean_, 148.

_Bassentin, Jacques, 'L'astronomique discours,'_ 262, _note_ 4.

_Basset, Denis_, 230 _note_ 2.

_Beaupré, M., 'Notice bibliographique sur les livres liturgiques ... de
Toul et de Verdun,'_ 150 _note_ 4.

_Beauvoys. See Delaigue, Étienne._

_Beckford, William_, 167.

_Bellay, Jean du_, 214, 215 _note_ 1, 280.

_Belon, Pierre, 'Histoire de la nature des oiseaux,'_ 250;
_'Les observations' etc._, 250.

_Bernard, Auguste, 'Les Etiennes, et les types grecs de François
I,'_ 197 _note_ 4, 199 _note_ 1, 271 _note_ 1.

_Bernard, Salomon ('Le Petit Bernard')_, 258, 261 _and note_ 4.

_Beroaldo, Filippo_, 2.

BEROSUS BABILONENSIS, _Tory's edition of_, 3, 60-64.

_Bertaud, Jean, 'Encomium,' etc._, 200-201.

_Berthelin, André_, 284.

_Bertrand, Jean, Cardinal of Sens_, 250, 251.

_Berty, Adolphe, 'Les trois îlots de la cité,'_ 35 _and note_ 3.

_Bessault, Thibault_, 285.

_Bèze, Theodore de, 'Poemata,'_ 232-235, 266.

_Bible in French, Antwerp_, 1530, 254.

_Bible in Latin_, 1532, 204.

_Bible in Saxon, Lubeck_, 1533, 254.

_Bible in Latin_, 1538-1540, 215.

_Bible in Latin_, 1543, 254.

_Bible after Holbein_, 1547, 258.

_Bible in Flemish, Antwerp_, 1556, 254.

_Bibliothèque de l'amateur champenois_, 279.

_Binet, Denis_, 257.

_Blazon des heretiques_, 180.

_Blés de Beauce, Halle aux, Tory's removal to_, 35, 37, 38, 40 _and
note_ 4, 41, 97, 295.

_Bonfons, Jean, his mark_, 266.

_Bonhomme, Iolande, widow of Thielman Kerver I_, 149, 204, 214, 215
_and note_ 1, 221, 230, 241, 242, 280.

_Bonnemere, Anthoine_, 276.

_Boorluut, M._, 199.

_Bouchet, Jean, 'Les angoisses et remedes damour du Traverseur,'
etc._, 212-213, 279;
_'Le jugement poetic de l'honneur feminin,...par le Traverseur,'_
213.

_Bouchetel, Guillaume, 'Le Sacre ... de la Royne,'_ 34;
_'Lentree de la Royne,' etc._, 34.

_Boudet, Michael de_, 137.
_And see 'Antistitis incomparabilis.'_

_Bouillon, M. le duc de, 'Ordonnances,'_ 245 _note_ 2.

_Boullé, Guillaume_, 98, 99.

_Bouquet des fleurs de Sénèque, Le_, 273.

_Bourges_, 1, 2, 4, 66-67;
_coat-of-arms of_, 129.

_Bourgogne, Collège de_, 6, 7, 295.

_Boursette, Madeleine, widow of François Regnault_, 228, 243, 246,
284, 285.

_Boyer, Hippolyte, 'Histoire des imprimeurs et libraires de Bourges,'_
91, 222, 289 _and note_ 1.

_Breviarium ad ritum diocesis Eduensis_, 241.

_Briçonnet, Guillaume, Bishop of Meaux_, 176.

_Bridier, Jean_, 232.

_Brie, Jehan de_, 230 _note_ 3, 231.

_Brie, widow of Jehan de_, 149, 229, 231.

_Brucherius, Joannes, 'Epitome of the Adages of Erasmus,'_ 174, 176.

_Brulefer, Étienne, 'Identitatum et distinctionum,' etc._, 284.

_Brunet, Jacques-Charles, 'Manuel du Libraire,'_ 64, 119, 120, 124,
139 _note_ 1, 140, 149 _note_ 2, 150, 170 _note_ 1, 181 _note_ 2,
208 _note_ 1, 231, 260 _note_ 2.

'_Bulletin du bouquiniste_,' 1860, 174 _note_ 2.

_Bunel, P., 'Epîtres familières,'_ 272.

_Buon, Gabriel_, 215 _note_ 4, 249;
_his mark_, 284.

_Buon, Nicolas_, 249.

CÆSAR, _'Commentaries,' translation of_, 178.
_See also 'César, Les Commentaires de.'_

_Calcar_, 225.

_Calvarin, Prigent, his mark_, 267.

_Calvarin, Simon, his marks_, 267.

_Catherine de Medici_, 122.

_Catherinot, Nicolas, his epitaph of Tory_, 43, 44, 55 _note_ 2.

_Cavellat, Guillaume_, 250.

'CEBES, TABLE OF,' _Tory's translation of_, 27, 28, 85-87, 201.

'_Cebes, Tableau de_,' 1543, 262.

_Cedilla. See Orthographic marks._

_'César, Les Commentaires de,' manuscript (author unknown)_, 143-144,
153;
_Comte Léon de Laborde's description of_, 154-164.

_Chabouillet, M., Notice du Cabinet des médailles_, 255.

'CHAMP FLEURY,' _first conceived by Tory_, 9, 12;
_the first book of_, 14 _and note_ 3;
_the second book of_, 15-17;
_the third book of_, 17-20;
_published_ (1529), 26;
_effect of publication of_, 32-33;
_orthographic system of, first applied_, 37 _and note_ 1, 295-299;
_second edition of_ (1549), 42, 43, 84;
_bibliographical description of_, 81-84;
_description of engravings in_, 189-196;
_M. Renouvier on engravings in_, 262;
_quoted_, 1 _note_ 2, 2 _note_ 3, 5, 7 _note_ 8, 9, 12-14, 15-16,
17, 18, 19-20, 21-22, 23, 26, 29 _note_ 1, 141, 145.

_'Chants royaux.' See Gringoire._

_Charles IX_, 144.

_Chaudière, Claude_, 238.

_Chaudière, Guillaume_, 229.

_Chaudière, Regnault_, 238, 273;
_his mark_, 267, 268, 269.

_Cheradam, Jean, editor of Aristophanes_, 197.

_Chevallon, Claude_, 231, 278.

'_Chiromancy and Physiognomy_,' 259, 261.

_Chrestien, Nicolas_, 41.

_Choquet, Louis, 'Mystère de l'Apocalypse,'_ 217-218.

'_Chronique du tres vaillant et redouté Dom Flores de Grece_,' 249.

_Chrysostom, Saint, 'Homeliæ Duæ,'_ 281;
'_Liber contra gentiles_,' 120.

_Cicero, 'Orator,'_ 42;
_works of_, 244-246, 272.

_'Civis,' Tory's first device_, 2;
monogram of, 6.

_Claude de France, queen of François I_, 127.

_Colines, Simon de_, 24, 25, 29, 33, 72, 101-116, 120-122, 146, 174,
175, 185, 189, 197, 201, 203, 223, 239, 258;
_his marks_, 174, 267-269.

'_Compendium grammaticæ græcæ_,' 189.

_'Conférence accordée entre les predicateurs, La,' etc._, 257.

_'Copie de l'arrest du grand conseil,' etc._, 38.

_'Copie d'une lettre de Constantinople,' etc._, 38.

_Coqueret, Collège_, 5, 295.

_Corrozet, Gilles_, 148, 250, 263;
'_Les Fables d'Esopes mises en rithme françois_,' 207;
_his mark_, 269-270.

_Corrozet, Gilles II, 'Trésor des histoires de France,'_ 270.

_Corrozet, Jean_, 270.

COSMOGRAPHIE DU PAPE PIE II. _See Pius II._

_Cottereau (also Cotereau), Philippe_, 41, 47.

_Cottereau, Richard_, 41, 47.

_Cousin, Jean_, 237, 238, 254, 263.

_Cousteau, Nicolas_, 204.

_'Coustumier de la baronnye,' etc._, 41.

'_Coutumes générales d'Orléans_,' 266 _note_ 1, 274.

_Coxe, Leonard_, 34, 293.

_Crescens, Pierre des, 'Bon Mesnager,'_ 204.

DALLIER, _Jean_, 237.

_Danois, Jean Blaccus, translation of Isocrates_, 273 _and note_ 2.

_David Matthæus_, 244;
_his mark_, 270.

_'De judiciis urinarum,' etc._, 39.

_Debure, M., and 'Les Commentaires de César,'_ 161.

_Delaigue, Étienne_, 178.

_Delange, MM._, 151.

_'Description de la prinse de Calais,' etc._, 284.

_Devéria, Achille_, 150 _note_ 2, 230 _note_ 3, 254.

_Dibdin, Thomas F., 'Bibliographical Decameron,'_ 110, 123, 279
_notes_ 4 _and_ 6.

'_Dictionarium latino-gallicum_,' 189 _note_ 1.

_Didot, Ambroise Firmin_, 28, 47, 91, 96, 98, 136 _note_ 3;
'_Essai sur la gravure_,' 150, 151, 225, 259.

_Didot, Firmin, père_, 144, 166.

_Dietz, Ludowich_, 254.

_Diodorus Siculus, Macault's translation of first three books of_, 47,
136, 205-207;
_manuscript of_, 144, 166-168.

_Dives. See Ricke, Guillaume de._

'_Divi Joannis Chrisostomi liber contra gentiles_,' 120.

_Dolet, Étienne_, 117.

_Doré, Pìerre, 'Dyalogue instructoire des chrestiens,'_ 222.

_Dubois, Simon_, 25, 196, 197.

_Dupré, Galliot_, 135 _note_ 1, 178, 196, 204.

_Dupuy, J._, 273.

_Duradier, Dreux, 'Les Récréations historiques,'_ 170.

_Durand, M._, 259 _note_ 1.

_Dure (Duræus), Robert_, 5 _and note_ 3.

_Dürer, Albrecht_, 16 _and note_ 2, 252.
_See also Meigret._

_Duverdier, M._, 98.

'ECONOMIC XENOPHON,' _Tory's translation of_, 30-31, 93-97.

EGNASIO, J. B., SUMMAIRE DE CHRONIQUES, _Tory's translation_, 28, 42,
88-91, 222.

_'Elegia ... ad Joach. Bellaium,' etc._, 278.

_Eleonora of Austria, queen of François I_, 'LE SACRE ET CORONNEMENT
DE,' 34, 130-131, 202;
'ENTRÉE DE, EN SA VILLE ET CITÉ DE PARIS,' 34, 131-133, 202;
_Tory's verses to_, 35, 132-133.

'_Empereurs de Turquie, Histoire des_,' 138.

_'Enchiridion, preclare ecclesie Sarum,' etc._, 199-200.

_English booksellers, idiosyncrasies of_, 199 _note_ 2.

_'Entrée de la Royne,' etc. See Eleonora._

'EPITAPHIA LATINA ET GALLICA' (_on Louise de Savoie_), 35.

_'Epitomæ singularum distinctionum,' etc._, 282.

_Estienne, Charles_, 235, 244-245;
'_De dissectione partium corporis humani_,' 223-226;
'_De nutrimentis_,' 271;
_his marks_, 272.

_Estienne, Henri I_, 174.

_Estienne, Henri II_, 17, 69, 268, 269, 271.

_Estienne, Robert_, 33, 146, 175, 185, 189 _and notes_ 2 _and_ 3, 204,
208, 215, 216, 235, 244, 245, 258, 269, 286;
_king's printer_, 39, 40;
_his marks_, 270-272.

_Eusebius, 'Ecclesiastical history,'_ 135, 189.

_'Exemplaria litterarum,' etc._, 189 _note_ 1.

FANTE, _Sigismunde, 'Thesauro de' scrittori,'_ 15 _and note_ 3.

_'Faulcheur, Le.' See Roffet, Jacques._

_Féret, Martin_, 37.

_Fezandat, Michel, his mark_, 272-273.

_Fick Press, Geneva_, 260 _note_ 3.

'_Fifteen Effusions of the Blood of our Saviour_,' 228, 229.

'_Figure de l'ancienne et de la nouvelle alliance_,' 253-255.

'_Figures et portraicts des parties du corps humain, Les_,' 252.

_Fortunatus, Robertus. See Dure, Robert._

_Fouquet, Jean_, 171.

_France, Collège de_, 39.

_François I_, 29, _note_ 1;
_appoints Tory king's printer_, 32-34;
_and extra bookseller to the University_, 36, 294;
_remodels institution of king's printers_, 39-40;
_ordinances of_, 134-135;
_in 'Les Commentaires de César,'_ 157-163;
_and in Macault's translation of Diodorus_, 167-168.

_François de Valois, Dauphin of France_, 31, 38, 97-98.

_Frellon, Jean_, 258.

GAGUIN, _Robert_, 178.

_Galen, 'De anatomicis administrationibus,'_ 203.

'_Gallic Hercules, The_,' 141.

_Gannay, Germain de_, 3 _and note_ 2, 54.

_Garamond, Claude_, 33, 145.

_Génin, M., 'Introduction to Palsgrave's Lesclaircissement de la
langue françoise,'_ 14, 292 _note_ 1, 293-294.

'_Gerard d'Euphrate_,' 241.

_Gérard de Vercel, verses of_, 6, 71.

_Gering, Ulric_, 277.

_Gerou, Dom, 'Bibliothèque historique des auteurs orléanais,'_ 273.

_Ghisy, Georges_, 244 _note_ 2.

_Gibier, Eloi_, 266 _and note_ 1;
_his mark_, 273-274.

_Gillot, Jean, 'De juridictione et imperio,' etc._, 39;
'_Isagoge in juris civilis sanctionem_,' 39.

_Girault, François_, 239.

_Godefroy, miniaturist, identity of with Tory discussed_, 142-144,
153-166.

_Gourmont, Benoît de, his mark_, 276.

_Gourmont, François de_, 197 _note_ 4, 271.

_Gourmont, Gilles de_, 3, 26, 28, 50 _and note_ 3, 54, 64, 197;
_the first printer of Greek in Paris_, 26;
_his marks_, 274-276.

_Gourmont, Jean de_, 197 _note_ 4, 271.

_Gourmont, Jérôme de_, 275;
_his mark_, 276.

_Gourmont arms_, 275 _note_ 1.

_Gourmont family_, 275 _note_ 1.

'_Gradual_,' 177.

_Grævius, J. C., 'Thesaurus antiquitatum romanarum,'_ 208 _and note_ 2.

_Graf, Urs_, 179.

_Grandin, Louis, his marks_, 277.

_Greban, Simon de, 'Catholiques œuvres et actes des Apostres,'_
217-218.

_Greek, Tory's unfamiliarity with_, 27 _note_.

_Greek alphabet_, 189, 280 _note_ 2.

_Gringoire, Pierre, 'Chants royaux,'_ 180-181, 183, 184;
_Hours in rhyme_, 180;
_'Notables enseignemens,' etc._, 196.

_Grolier (Groslier), Jean_, 12, 45, 145.

_Groulleau, Estienne_, 241, 249.

_Gryphe, François_, 207 _and note_ 1.

_Gualtherot, Vivant_, 43.

_Gueroult, Guillaume, 'Hymnes du temps,'_ 261 _and note_ 4.

_Gueullard, Jean, his marks_, 277.

_Guillard, Charlotte, her mark_, 277-278.

HAIENEUVE, _Simon_, 16.

_Halevin, Georges_, 138.

_Harleian MSS._, 158.

_Harley, Robert, Earl of Oxford_, 158.

_Harsy, Olivier de_, 278.

_Henon, Jean_, 38.

_Henri II_, 169;
_Entrée de_, 235-238.

_Herverus de Berna_, 2, 3, 57, 58.

_'Hexastichorum moralium,' etc._, 277.

'_Histoire du Saint Graal_,' 178.

'_Histoire paladine_,' 249.

_Hongont, Jean_, 57 _and note_ 1.

_Honorat, Sébastien_, 215 _note_ 4.

_Hopyl, Wolfgang_, 150, 268 _note_ 4.

_Hornken, Louis_, 5, 68, 69.

_Hotot, Fabian_, 266.

_Houic, Antoine_, 285.

HOURS OF 1524-25, _quarto_, 24, 45, 47, 101-119;
_sales of_, 119 _note_ 1.

HOURS OF 1527, _octavo, Colines_, 25, 45, 47, 120-122.

HOURS OF 1527, _quarto, Dubois_, 25, 45, 47, 122-124.

HOURS OF 1529, 16_mo_, 29, 125-126.

HOURS OF 1531, _quarto_, 25, 126-128.

HOURS OF (?), _octavo_, 25, 128-129.

_Hours of_ 1515, _Simon Vostre_, 172.

_Hours of_ 1536, _octavo_, 208.

_Hours of_ 1541, _Mallard_, 40, 218.

_Hours of_ 1542, _Bonhomme_, 220-221.

_Hours of_ 1542, _Lecoq_, 221-222.

_Hours of_ 1542, _Mallard_, 40, 219-220.

_Hours of_ 1543, _Colines_, _quarto_, 209-212.

_Hours of_ 1543, _Colines_, _octavo_, 212.

_Hours of_ 1547 (?), _Regnault_, 227-229.

_Hours of_ 1547 (?), _Brie_, 229-231.

_Hours of_ 1548, _Merlin_, 231-232.

_Hours of_ 1549, _Chaudière_, 238-239.

_Hours of_ 1550, _Boursette_, 16_mo_, 243.

_Hours of_ 1550, _Kerver_, _octavo_, 218-219, 243-244.

_Hours of_ 1550, _Roigny_, 16_mo_, 241.

_Hours of_ 1552, _Kerver_, 246.

_Hours of_ 1556, _Kerver_, 251-252.

_Hours of_ 1574, _Kerver_, 226-227.

_Hours in rhyme. See Gringoire._

'INSIGNIUM _aliquot virorum icones_,' 260.

_'Institutionum civilium,' etc._, 278.

'ITINERARIVM PROVINCIARUM OMNIUM ANTONINI AUGUSTI,' _etc., Tory's
edition of_, 5, 69-72.

JANOT, _Denys_, 222, 263;
_appointed king's printer_, 302-303.

_Joly, Abbé de_, 55 _note_ 2.

_Jollat, Mercure_, 223, 224.

'_Jours moralisez, Les_,' 228.

_Justel, Christophe_, 158.

_Justel, Henri_, 158.

_Justin Martyr, Works of_, 189 _note_ 3.

KERVER, _Jacques_, 149, 224-226, 230, 239, 252.

_Kerver, Jean_, 41.

_Kerver, Thielman I_, 41, 149, 199, 230.
_And see Bonhomme._

_Kerver, Thielman II_, 218, 226, 243, 246, 251, 279.

_King's binders_, 308-311.

_King's librarians_, 308-311.

_King's printer, Institution of office of_, 32, 34 _and note_ 2;
_title bestowed on Tory_, 34-36;
_institution of, remodeled_, 39;
_list of holders of the office_, 303-308.

LA BARRE, _Jean de_, 34 _note_ 3, 35 _note_ 1.

_Laborde, Comte Léon de_, 24 _note_, 143;
_his description of the MSS. of 'Les Commentaires de César' and
'Les Triomphes de Pétrarque,' illustrated by 'Godefroy,'_ 154-166.

'_Labours of Hercules, The_,' 182, 184.

_La Caille, 'Histoire de l'imprimerie,'_ 6, 24 _note_ 1, 28, 40, 43,
44, 99, 175, 284, 285.

_La Croix du Maine_, 143, 145.

_La Guierche, Michel de_, 42.

_Lallemand, Jean_, 3, 4, 65, 68.

_Lallemand, Jeanne_, 4.

_Lancelot, M._, 170.

_La Porte, Heirs of Maurice de_, 250.

_La Porte, Widow of Maurice de_, 249;
_her mark_, 283-284.

_La Sapienza (college at Rome)_, 2.

_La Thaumassière, 'Histoire du Berry,'_ 290.

_Latini, Brunetto, 'Le Trésor,'_ 17 _and note_ 3.

_Laulne, Étienne de_, 163.

_'Laurentii Vallæ de linguæ latinæ elegantia,' etc._, 120 _and note_ 1.

_Le Bas, Jacques_, 273.

_Lecoq, Jean_, 177, 196, 221, 258, 279.

_Le Duaren, François, 'De sacris ecclesiæ ministeriis ac beneficiis,'
etc._, 244.

_Lefèvre d'Etaples, Jacques, 'Commentarii initiatorii in quatuor
Evangelia,'_ 174-176.
_See also 'Artificialis introductio.'_

_Le Hullin, Perrette, wife of Tory_, 6, 37;
_and his successor_, 38, 42, 144, 150.

_L'Empereur, Martin_, 254.

_Le Noir, Philippe_, 178, 180;
_his marks_, 279.

LEO BAPTISTA ALBERTUS, _Tory's edition of_, 5, 68-69.

_Leonardo da Vinci_, 15.

_Le Petit, Pierre_, 36.

_Le Preux, Poncet_, 178.

_Le Prince, 'Essai historique sur la bibliothèque du roi,'_ 169
_note_ 2.

_Le Riche. See Ricke, Guillaume de._

_Les Angeliers, Arnould_, 216, 217.

_Les Angeliers, Charles_, 216, 217, 222.

_Letellier, Pasquier_, 241, 242.

'_Liber de opificio dei_,' 189.

_Libraires jurés. See Paris, University of._

_Livy, translation of, MS._, 171.

_Longis, Jean_, 241, 249.

_Longueil, Christophe de_, 6, 70, 72 _note_ 1.

_Lorraine, Duchesse Regnee de Bourbon_, 180.

_Lorraine cross, The_, 47, 91, 178;
_how far a guide to Tory's work_, 147-152;
_in the 18th century_, 208;
_at Orléans, Chartres, Poitiers and Lyon_, 258.

_Lottin, 'Catalogue des libraires,'_ 99, 270 _note_ 1, 273, 281.

LOUISE DE SAVOIE, MOTHER OF FRANÇOIS I, EPITAPHS ON, 35, 133-134,
202-203.

_Lucas Paciol, 'Divina proportione,'_ 15.

LUCIAN, DIALOGUES OF, _Tory's translation of_, 27, 85-87.

LUCIAN, 'LA MOUCHE,' _Tory's translation of_, 32, 99-100.

_Lud, Gauthier_, 150.

_Luther, 'Enarrationes' (on the Bible), Nuremberg_, 1555, 254.

MACAULT, _Antoine. See Diodorus Siculus._

_Maittaire, M., 'Annales Typographiques,'_ 176, 268 _note_ 3.

_Mallard, Olivier, Tory's successor at the sign of the Pot Cassé_,
38-39;
_king's printer_, 39, 40, 41, 43, 128, 129, 218.

_Marchand, J._, 60.

_Marcorelle, Jean, 'Book of Thermes,'_ 261 _note_ 4.

_Marguerite d'Angoulême, Queen of Navarre (sister of François I)_,
123, 124 _note_ 1, 244.

_Marnef, Geofroy de_, 60, 64.

_Marnef Frères_, 3, 213;
_their mark_, 279-280.

_Marot, Clément, 'Ladolescence Clementine,'_ 36-37, 138-140, 296;
'_Psalms_,' 1557, 260.

_Marot, Jan (father of Clément), 'Sur les deux heureux voyages de Genes
& Venise,' etc._, 140.

_'Marques Typographiques.' See Silvestre._

_Massé, René_, 33.

_Mauroy, Nicolas, 'Les hymnes communes de l'annee,'_ 196.

_Mazochi, 'Epigrammata,' etc._, 7 _and notes_ 8 _and_ 9.

_Meigret, Louys, 'Les quatre livres d'Albert Durer' (translation)_,
252, 283.

'_Mémoires de la société des antiquaires de Morinie_,' 255.

'_Menagiana_,' 55 _note_ 2, 93.

_Menier, Maurice, his mark_, 280.

_Merlin, Guillaume_, 215, 217, 231, 232;
_his mark_, 280.

_Mesviere, Estienne_, 243, 246.

'_Meubles et armes du moyen âge_,' 254.

_Milan, Paulus Jovius's Lives of the Dukes of. See Paulus Jovius._

_Millæus, Johannes, 'Praxis criminis persequendi,' etc._, 216-217.

_Missal (Toul)_, 1508, 150.

_Missal (Paris)_, 1539, 148, 214-215, 242.

_Missal (Paris), folio, no date_, 280.

_Missal (Cluny)_, 1550, 242.

_Missal (Paris)_, 1559, 149.

'_Monstre d'abus contre Nostradamus_,' 284.

_Montaiglon, A. de, 'Archives de l'art français,'_ 132 _note_ 1;
_Recueil des poésies, etc._, 281.

_Montenay, Georgette de, 'Emblesmes et devises chrestiennes,'_ 148.

_Monteux, Hieronime, 'Conservation de santé,' etc._, 267.

_Montpellier_, 137.

_Morante, Marquis de_, 73.

_Morel, Guillaume, his mark_, 280.

_Moréri, Historical Dictionary_, 290-291.

_Muret, Marc-Antoine, 'Juvenilia,'_ 249, 283.

NÉOBAR, _Conrad, king's printer for Greek_, 36, 39, 40;
_letters patent of_, 299-302.

_New Testament and Apocalypse (Boursette)_, 246.

_New Testament in Greek and Latin_, 1549, 273.

_Nivelle, Sébastien_, 215 _note_ 4;
_his mark_, 280-281.

'_Notice sur les graveurs_' (1807), 261, _note_ 4.

_Nyverd, Guillaume, his mark_, 281.

_Nyverd, Guillaume de, his mark_, 282.

OPORIN _(Basle)_, 225.

'ORDONNANCES DU ROY,' _published by Tory_, 134-135.

_Orthographic marks_, 19-20, 100, 140, 295-299.

ORUS APOLLO, HIEROGLYPHS OF, _translated by Tory_, 25, 100.

_Ovid, 'Metamorphoses,'_ 260, 261 _and note_ 4.

PALATINO, _Giovanbattista_, 42 _note_ 2.

_Pallier, Jean, his mark_, 282.

_Palsgrave, 'Lesclaircissement de la langue françoise,'_ 14 _note_ 1,
34, 292-294.

_Panzer, M._, 176.

_Papillon, 'Traité de la gravure sur bois,'_ 127, 145, 189 _note_ 4.

_Paradin, Claude, 'Devises héroïques,'_ 261 _note_ 4;
'_Quadrins historiques_,' 261 _note_ 1.

_Paris, Nicole, his mark_, 283.

_Paris, University of, libraires jurés of_, 32 _note_ 2, 36.

PASSION, THE, _G. de Ricke's Latin poem on, edited by Tory_, 3, 57-59.

_Paulus Belmisserus Pontremulanus, 'Opera poetica,'_ 205.

_Paulus Jovius Novocomensis, 'Vitæ duodecim vicecomitum Mediolani,'
MS. of_, 168-169, 235.

_Paulus Paradisus, 'De modo legendi hebraice dialogus,'_ 276.

_Perier, Charles_, 252;
_his mark_, 283.

_Perier, Thomas_, 283.

_Périers, Bonaventure des_, 291 _note_ 2.

_Perot_, 159 _and note_ 2.

_Perreal, Jean, Tory's instructor in drawing_, 7, 15, 23 _and note_ 1,
24, 123.

_Petit, Guillaume, Bishop of Senlis_, 203.

_Petit, Jean_, 2, 50, 85.

_Petit, Oudin, his mark_, 283.

_Petit dictionnaire français-latin_, 272.

'_Petit Jehan de Saintré, Le_,' 267.

_Petrarch_, 259, 261.

_Petrarque, 'Les Triumphes' de, MS._, 144;
_described by M. de Laborde_, 164-166.

_'Petri Ruffi Druydæ dialectica,' etc._, 277.

_Piccolomini, Enea Silvio. See Pius II._

PIUS II (POPE), COSMOGRAPHY OF, _Tory's edition of_, 3 _and note_ 1,
54-57.

_Plantin, Christophe_, 251.

_Plato, Dialogues of_, 41.

_Plessis, Collège of_, 3, 295.

_Pliny, 'Letters,'_ 285.

PLUTARCH, POLITICS, _Tory's translation of_, 31, 97, 99.

POMPONIUS MELA, _Tory's translation of_, 2, 50-54.

_Porcium, J., 'Pugna porcorum,'_ 276.

_Pot Cassé, Tory's first use of_, 11;
_explanation of_, 12;
_modifications of_, 20;
_interpreted by Tory in 'Champ fleury,'_ 21-22, 35, 38, 39, 41, 42,
45-47, 72.

'_Pourtraictz divers_,' 260 _note_ 2.

_Prevost, Benoît_, 250.

_Prevosteau, Estienne, his mark_, 280.

_Printers' marks signed with the Lorraine cross_, 65-287.

_'Procession de Soissons, Le,' etc._, 91-92.

'_Psalterium Davidicum Græcolatinum_,' 252.

'_Psalterium Quincuplex_,' 55 _note_ 2.

_'Purgatoire, Le,' 'prouvé par la parole de Dieu,'_ 230 _note_ 2.

_Puys, Jean du_, 255.

QUINTILIAN, 'INSTITUTIONES,' _Tory's edition of_, 4, 67.

RABELAIS, '_Pantagruel_,' 14 _and note_ 3.

'_Recueil de plusieurs secrets très-utiles pour la santé_,' 287.

_'Recueil des rimes,' etc._, 287.

_'Recueil des Rois de France.' See Tillet, Jean du._

'_Reformation, La, des tavernes et destruction de gourmandise_,' 281.

_'Régime de vivre,' etc._, 287.

_'Reglement pour l'instruction des proces,' etc._, 41.

_Regnault, Barbe_, 228;
_her mark_, 284-285.

_Regnault, François_, 178, 228, 284.

_Regnault, Widow of François. See Boursette, Madeleine._

'REIGLES GENERALES DE LORTHOGRAPHE DU LANGAIGE FRANÇOIS,' _a lost work
of Tory_, 29, 100, 297.

_Rembolt, Berthold_, 5, 68, 69, 277, 278.

_Renouard, M., 'Annales des Estienne,'_ 215.

_Renouvier, Jules, 'Des types et des manières des maîtres-graveurs,'_
16, 119, 145, 146, 147 _note_ 2, 149-150, 172, 184-185, 223,
237-238, 262-263;
_in 'Revue Universelle des Arts,'_ 153-154, 179, 205-207.

'_Repertorium Bibliographicum_,' 167-168.

_Rexmond, Pierre_, 254.

_Ricke, Guillaume de, Tory's teacher at Bourges_, 1, 2;
_Latin poem of on_ THE PASSION, _Tory's edition of_, 3, 57-59;
_Jules de Saint-Genois on_, 59.

_Rivard, Claude_, 148.

_Riviere, Estienne_, 223.

_Robert-Dumesnil, M., 'Le peintre-graveur français,'_ 138 _note_ 2,
147, 148, 149, 228.

_Robinot, Gilles I_, 287;
_his mark_, 285.

_Robinot, Gilles II_, 285.

_Rochechouart, François de, arms of_, 171.

_Rodolphi Agricolæ Phrisii, 'De inventione dialectica,'_ 120, 211.

_Roffet, Jacques, called 'Le Faulcheur,'_ 235, 237.

_Roffet, Pierre_, 138;
_his mark_, 285.

_Roigny, Jean de_, 241;
_his marks_, 285-286.

_Ronsard, 'Les amours,'_ 249.

_Rothschild, Solomon de_, 120, 126 _note_ 1, 127-128.

_Rousselet, Jean, Seigneur de la Part-Dieu_, 4, 67.

_Royer, Louis_, 230 _note_ 3, 231.

'_Rozier historial de France_,' 178.

_Ruan, Jean du_, 258.

_Ruccelli. See Rousselet._

SACRE ET CORONNEMENT DE LA ROYNE, LE. _See Eleonora of Austria._

_Saint-Amand, Chevalier de, biographer of Tory_, 138.

_Saint-Genois, Jules de_, 59.

_Saint-Victor, Adam de, translation of the 'Grand Marial de la mère
de vie,'_ 287.

_Sainte-Marguerite, Life of_, 219.

_Saix, Antoine du_, 33.

_Salomon, Jean, 'Briefve doctrine pour deuement escripre selon la
propriete du langaige francoys,'_ 296-298.

_Savigny, Christophe de, 'Tableaux des arts libéraux,'_ 197 _note_ 4,
276.

_Schoiffer, Pierre_, 109.

'_Sermones Iudoci Clichtovei Neoportuen_,' 204-205.

_Sertenas, Vincent_, 239, 241, 242;
_his mark_, 287.

_Seve, J., 'Supplication aux rois,' etc._, 284.

_Seve, Maurice de, 'Saulsaye,'_ 261.

_Seyssel, Claude de, translation of Eusebius_, 135.

_Silvestre, 'Marques Typographiques,'_ 45, 46, 47, 265, 271, 279
_and note_ 4.

_Sirand, Alexandre, 'Courses archéologiques,'_ 24 _note_.

_Socard, Alexis, and Alexandre Assier, 'Livres liturgiques du diocèse
de Troyes,'_ 173 _note_ 2, 257-258.

'SUMMAIRE DE CHRONIQUES.' _See Egnasio._

'TEMPLE _de Chasteté, La_,' 272.

_Terence, Comedies of_, 1546, 267.

_Terentianus Maurus, 'De literis,' etc._, 203.

_Textor, Ravisius, 'Epistolæ a mendis repurgata,'_ 270.

'_Thesaurus amicorum_,' 259 _and note_ 1, 260.

'_Thesaurus latinæ linguæ_,' 189 _note_ 1.

'_Theses, Les, qui ont esté affigées dans la ville de Geneve_,' 257.

_Thevet, F. André, 'Les Singularitez de la France antarctique,'
etc._, 250-251;
'_Cosmographie universelle_,' 251.

_Thiboust, Jacques_, 297.

_Thory. See Tory._

_Thucydides_, 30.

_Tillet, Jean du, 'Recueil des portraits des rois de France,'
manuscript of_, 144, 169-170, 255-257.

'_Topica Marci Tullii Ciceronis_,' 282.

_Toret, symbolic use of, in modified form of the Pot Cassé_, 22.

_Torinus, Bonaventure_, 291 _and note_ 1, 292.

_Tory, divers spellings of the name_, 1 _note_ 1.

_Tory, Agnes, daughter of Geofroy, birth of_, 6, 73;
_death of_, 10, 73;
_and the Pot Cassé_, 21.

TORY, AGNES, LATIN POEM ON THE DEATH OF, 10-11, 46, 73-81.

_Tory, Geofroy, birth_, 1;
_ancestry_, 1;
_early life_, 1-2;
_first journey to Italy_, 2;
_settles in
Paris_, 2;
_his first device_, 2;
_at the Collège of Plessis_, 3;
_at the Collège Coqueret_, 5;
_his marriage_, 6, 73;
_birth of his daughter Agnes_, 6, 73;
_at the College de Bourgogne_, 6, 7;
_first steps in art_, 7;
_second journey to Italy_, 7, 8;
_returns to Paris_, 8;
_becomes an engraver_, 8;
_and a bookseller_, 8;
_employed by Simon de Colines_, 8;
_his study of the French language_, 9;
_'Champ fleury' conceived_, 9, 12;
_death of Agnes_, 10, 73;
_adopts the Pot Cassé and the device 'non plus,'_ 11;
_and Rabelais_, 14 _and note 3_;
_his scheme of orthographic marks_, 20, 55 _and note 2_;
_elucidation of the Pot Cassé_, 21-22;
_'Champ fleury' completed_, 24;
_first books of Hours_, 24-25;
_begins translator_, 25;
_'Champ fleury' published_, 26;
_removes to the Petit Pont_, 26, 119;
_first book printed by_, 27;
_is made 'libraire juré' of the University_, 32, 36, 100, 294-295;
_and king's printer_, 34, 35, 36;
_Latin verses of_, 35, 91;
_removes to the Halle aux Blés de Beauce_, 35;
_last book printed by_, 37;
_probable date of death of_, 37, 43;
_epitaph on_, 44;
_autograph of_, 45;
_his work as a binder_, 47;
_scope of artistic acquirements of_, 141-152;
_identity of, with 'Godefroy,' discussed_, 142-144;
_was he an engraver?_, 144-147;
_how far the Lorraine cross is a reliable guide to the work
of_, 147-152;
_M. Renouvier on identity of, with 'Godefroy,'_ 153;
_and Simon Vostre's Hours_, 172;
_and Simon de Colines_, 174;
_engravings marked 'G. T.' attributed to_, 173;
_monogram of_, 179;
_and the 'Labours of Hercules' plates_, 184;
_vogue of, among printers_, 258;
_as an engraver on metal and of printers' marks_, 262, 265;
_domiciles of, in Paris_, 295;
_brothers and sisters of_, 289-290;
_descendants of_, 290-292.
_See also, 'Ædiloquium,' Antoninus, Berosus Babilonensis, Cebes,
'Champ fleury,' 'Economic Xenophon,' Egnasio, Eleonora of
Austria, Hours of_ 1524-25, 1527, 1529, 1531, _Leo Baptista
Albertus, Louise de Savoie, Lucian, Marot (Clement), Pope
Pius II, Plutarch ('Politics'), Pomponius Mela, Pot Cassé,
Quintilian, Guillaume de Ricke, Valerius Probus, Volaterran._

_Tory, Jean, father of Geofroy_, 289, 290.

_Tory, Madame Geofroy. See Le Hullin, Perrette._

_Tory, Philippe, mother of Geofroy_, 289, 290.

_Toubeau, Jean_, 43, 44, 290-291.

_Tournes, Jean de_, 211, 258, 259, 260, 261 _and note_ 4.

_'Traverseur, Le.' See Bouchet, Jean._

_'Triumphes, Les de Pétrarque.' See Pétrarque._

_Trois Couronnes, Les_, 26.

_Types used by Tory_, 35.

VALEMBERT, _Simon de, translation of Plato's Dialogues_, 41.

VALERIUS PROBUS, _Tory's edition of_, 3, 59, 64-67.