Chapter VIII: Wooden Bridging

Of the forces at work in bridges 122
Extension 123
Compression 123
Cross strain 124
Detrusion 126
Strength of materials 126
Rules for practice 131
Of the truss 139
Of the arch 169
Of the road-way 174
Lateral bracing 175
Pile bridging 178
Trestling 180
Draw bridges 181
Centres 182

CHAPTER IX.

IRON BRIDGES.

Nature and strength of iron 192
Classification of iron bridges 194
Iron truss frames 195
Suspension bridges 203
Boiler plate bridges 223

CHAPTER X.

STONE BRIDGING.

Of the water-way 233
Form of the arch 236
Thickness of voussoirs 238
Form and thickness of abutments 239
Form and dimensions of piers 245

CHAPTER XI.

MASONRY.

Stone 248
Cements, mortars, and concretes 249
Construction of arches, wings, and parapet 253
Culverts and drains 255
Retaining walls 256

CHAPTER XII.

FOUNDATIONS.

Pile driving, common system 262
Mitchell’s screw pile 266
Potts’s atmospheric system 266
Coffer-dam 267
Caisson 269

CHAPTER XIII.

SUPERSTRUCTURE.

Timber work 273
Rail section 276
Chairs and joints 282
Frogs 290
Switches 294
Sidings and crossings 298
Elevation of exterior rail 298

CHAPTER XIV.

EQUIPMENT.