Chapter I: Front Matter (1)

HARPER'S

NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE

VOLUME III.

JUNE TO NOVEMBER, 1851.

NEW YORK:

HARPER & BROTHERS, PUBLISHERS,

NOS. 329 AND 331 PEARL STREET,

(FRANKLIN SQUARE.)

1852.

ADVERTISEMENT.

This Number closes the Third Volume of HARPER'S NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE. In closing the Second Volume the Publishers referred to the distinguished success which had attended its establishment, as an incentive to further efforts to make it worthy the immense patronage it had received:--they refer with confidence to the Contents of the present Volume, for proof that their promise has been abundantly fulfilled.

The Magazine has reached its present enormous circulation, simply because it gives _a greater amount of reading matter, of a higher quality, in better style, and at a cheaper price_ than any other periodical ever published. Knowing this to be the fact, the Publishers have spared, and will hereafter spare, no labor or expense which will increase the value and interest of the Magazine in all these respects. The outlay upon the present volume has been from five to ten thousand dollars more than that upon either of its predecessors. The best talent of the country has been engaged in writing and illustrating original articles for its pages:--its selections have been made from a wider field and with increased care; its typographical appearance has been rendered still more elegant; and several new departments have been added to its original plan.

The Magazine now contains, regularly:

_First._ One or more original articles upon some topic of historical or national interest, written by some able and popular writer, and illustrated by from fifteen to thirty wood engravings, executed in the highest style of art.

_Second._ Copious selections from the current periodical literature of the day, with tales of the most distinguished authors, such as DICKENS, BULWER, LEVER, and others--chosen always for their literary merit, popular interest, and general utility.

_Third._ A Monthly Record of the events of the day, foreign and domestic, prepared with care and with the most perfect freedom from prejudice and partiality of every kind.

_Fourth._ Critical Notices of the Books of the Day, written with ability, candor, and spirit, and designed to give the public a clear and reliable estimate of the important works constantly issuing from the press.

_Fifth._ A Monthly Summary of European Intelligence, concerning books, authors, and whatever else has interest and importance for the cultivated reader.

_Sixth._ An Editor's Table, in which some of the leading topics of the day will be discussed with ability and independence.

_Seventh._ An Editor's Easy Chair or Drawer, which will be devoted to literary and general gossip, memoranda of the topics talked about in social circles, graphic sketches of the most interesting minor matters of the day, anecdotes of literary men, sentences of interest from papers not worth reprinting at length, and generally an agreeable and entertaining collection of literary miscellany.

The object of the Publishers is to combine the greatest possible VARIETY and INTEREST, with the greatest possible UTILITY. Special care will always be exercised in admitting nothing into the Magazine in the slightest degree offensive to the most sensitive delicacy; and there will be a steady aim to exert a healthy moral and intellectual influence, by the most attractive means.

For the very liberal patronage the Magazine has already received, and especially for the universally flattering commendations of the Press, the Publishers desire to express their cordial thanks, and to renew their assurances, that no effort shall be spared to render the work still more acceptable and useful, and still more worthy of the encouragement it has received.

CONTENTS OF VOLUME III.

Adventure with a Grizzly Bear 101
Ally Somers 610
American Notabilities 834
Anecdotes of Curran 108
Anecdotes of Paganini 39
Application of Electro-Magnetism to Railway Transit 786
Autobiography of a Sensitive Spirit 479
Bear-Steak 484
Blind Lovers of Chamouny 68
Bookworms 628
Bored Wells in Mississippi 539
Breton Wedding 87
Brush with a Bison 218
Captain's Self-Devotion 689
Chapter on Giraffes 202
Coffee-Planting in Ceylon 82
Conversation in a Stage Coach 105
Cricket 718
Convict's Tale 209
Daughter of Blood 74
Deserted House 241
Eagle and Swan 691
Eclipse in July, 1851 239

EDITOR'S DRAWER.

Preliminary; Word-painting; Grandiloquence; Memories of
Childhood; Good-nature, 282. Englishman's independence; Parodies;
Done twice; Punctuation; Epitaph; Personification, 284. Small
courtesies; Home California; Grumblers; Rachel Baker, 421. Take
physic, doctor; Moralizing; Curiosity, 422. Sabbath morning;
Pictures of Napoleon; Libraries; Booing; Childlike temper; Pretty
spry, 423. The sea; Old Eben; Harvest time; Long Island ghosts,
571. Alleged lunatic; Musical elephant, 572. The Bible; New use
of a note of hand; The Ship of Death; Taste in tombstones;
Tennyson's Word-painting, 573. Western eloquence; John Bull of
old; Interrupting conversation, 575. Ollapod on October; The
Virtues too cheap, 704. Charms of the incomprehensible; Harriet
Martineau on love; The fire annihilator, 705. Originality;
Eccentricities of Swift; The Iron Duke in Rhyme; On
reminiscences, 706. Taking an interest; Determination of the
Will, 707. In France without French; Mrs. Ramsbottom; The
Disbanded Volunteer, 851. Baron Vondullbrainz; Domestic Remedies;
Dr. Johnson on Scotland, 852. Hopeful Pupils; Lord Timothy
Dexter; Adjutant-birds, 853. Dinner-giving; Keep cool; Peter
Funk; Titles of songs; John Bull as a beat-ee, 854.

EDITOR'S EASY CHAIR.

Ex cathedra; The commercial and romantic way of telling a thing,
707. The winning loser, 708. Equestrianism as a beautifyer, 709.
Advent of autumn; Retrospective and prospective; Hard times; The
Arctic expedition, 849. Catherine Hayes; Madame Thillon; Mrs.
Warner; Healy's Webster; The Art Union; Leutze's Washington
Crossing the Delaware; American clippers, 850. French gossip;
Borrel and his wife, 851. Albert Smith, 852.

EDITOR'S TABLE.

The indestructibleness of the religious principle in the human
soul, 701. Night as represented by the Poets: Homer, Apollonius
Rhodius, Virgil, Byron, Job, 702. Pedantic fallacies on
education, 703. Progression of Ancestry and Posterity, 704.
Westward course of empire, 851. Marriage: the nuptial torch,
woman's rights, divorces, 846. True Charity: St. Augustine
thereupon, 848.

Episode in the Life of John Rayner 510
Escape from a Mexican Quicksand 481
Execution of Fieschi, Pepin, and Morey 76
Fairy's Choice 800
Faquir's Curse 375
Fashions for June 143
Fashions for July 287
Fashions for August 431
Fashions for September 575
Fashions for October 719
Fashions for November 863
Feet-Washing in Munich 349
Floating Island 781
Fortunes of the Reverend Caleb Ellison 680
Francis's Life Boats and Life Cars. By JACOB ABBOTT 161
French Cottage Cookery 369
Frenchman in London 236
Gallop for Life 802
Hartley Coleridge 334
Highest House in Wathendale 521
Household of Sir Thomas More 42, 183, 310, 498, 623, 757
Hunter's Wife 388
Ice-Hill Party in Russia 66
Incident during the Mutiny of 1797 652
Incidents of Dueling 630
Incident of Indian Life 80
Infirmities of Genius 327
Joanna Baillie 88
Jeweled Watch 96
Joe Smith and the Mormons 64
Josephine at Malmaison 222
Joys and Sorrows of Lumbering 517
Lamartine on the Restoration 685
Last days of the Emperor Alexander 565
Last Priestess of Pele 354

LEAVES FROM PUNCH.

Tired of the World; Pleasure Trip of Messrs. Robinson and Jones;
A Perfect Wretch, 141. Facts and Comments by Mr. Punch;
Comparative Love; Taking the Census; Mysterious Machine, 285.
Experimental Philosophy; The Interesting Story; Elegant and
Rational Costume for Hot Weather; A Wet Day at a Country Inn;
Scene at the Sea-Side; Affecting rather; Real Enjoyment; A Taste
for the Beautiful; Singular Optical Delusion; A most alarming
Swelling; Sunbeams from Cucumbers; Much Ado about Nothing; Little
Lessons for Little Ladies, 425. Holding the Mirror up to Nature;
A Bite; Much too considerate; A Lesson on Patience; Development
of Taste, 717. Brother Jonathan's First Lesson in Shipbuilding;
Not a difficult thing to foretell; Curiosities of Medical
Experience; Retirement, 861.

Lima and the Limanians 598

LITERARY NOTICES.

Philosophy of Mathematics; Life of Algernon Sidney; Journal and
Letters of Henry Martyn; Cooper's Water Witch, 138. Mayhew's
London Labor, 139, 281, 856. Barry's Fruit Garden; Female Jesuit;
The Wife's Sister; Poems by Mrs. E.H. Evans; Dealings with the
Inquisition; Opdyke's Political Economy; Harper's New York and
Erie Railroad Guide, 139. Tuckerman's Characteristics of
Literature; The Gold-Worshipers; Mrs. Sigourney's Letters to my
Pupils; Maurice Tiernay; Willis's Hurry-Graphs; Eastbury;
Episodes of Insect Life, 280, 568, 855. Arthur's Works, 140.
Memoirs of Wordsworth; Hitchcock's Religion of Geology; The
Glens; Abbott's Cleopatra; Mrs. Browning's Poems, 280. Cosmos;
Martin's Ortheopist; The Heir of West-Wayland; A Grandmother's
Recollections; Ida; Colton's Land and Sea; De Felice's
Protestants in France; Warren's Para; Herbert's Life and
Writings, 281. Caleb Field; Dr. Spring's First Things; Yeast;
Taylor's Angel's Song; Stuart of Dunleath; Shakspeare's Heroines;
The Solitary of Juan Fernandez; Bulwer's Not so Bad as We Seem,
282. The Parthenon; Lady Wortley's Travels in America; Hudson's
Shakspeare; Abbott's Josephine; Fresh Gleanings; Lossing's
Field-Book; The Daughter of Night, 419. James's Fate; Inventor's
Manual, 568; Memoirs of Bickersteth; Lamartine's Stone-Mason of
Saint Point; True Remedy for the Wrongs of Woman; The Literature
and Literary Men of Great Britain and Ireland, 569. Arthur
Conway; Odd-Fellows' Offering; Loomis's Algebra; the Christian
Retrospect and Register; Anthon's Roman Antiquities; Hildreth's
History of the United States; Carpenter's Travels and Adventures
in Mexico, 570. Sprague's Phi Beta Kappa Oration; Farmer's
Every-Day Book; The Nile Boat; The Iris; The Dew-Drop;
Willow-Lane Stories; Drayton; Lord's Epoch of Creation, 710.
Theory of Human Progression; Forest Life and Forest Trees;
Semme's Service Afloat and Ashore; The Lady and the Priest; The
Attache in Spain, 711. Scenes and Legends of the North of
Scotland; Miss Benger's Mary Queen of Scots; Motherwell's Poems;
Memoirs of the Buckminsters; Plymouth and the Pilgrims; St.
John's Geology; Ware's Sketches of European Capitals; Lamartine's
Restoration; Rule and Misrule of the English in America; Poore's
Life of Napoleon, 712. Bayard Taylor's Romances, Lyrics, and
Songs; Margaret; Abbott's Young Christian; Spooner's Dictionary
of Artists; Memoirs of Chalmers; The Bible in the Family; The
Scalp Hunters, 855. The Human Body in its Connection with Man;
Ladies of the Covenant; Alban; Fifteen Decisive Battles; Queens
of Scotland; The Lily and the Bee; London Labor; Malmiztic the
Toltec; The Mind and the Heart, 856.

London Sparrows 258
Lord Brougham as a Judge 622
Love and Smuggling 378
Madames De Genlis and De Stael 59
Mary Kingsford 121
Maurice Tiernay, the Soldier of Fortune.
By CHARLES LEVER 28, 171, 360, 471, 635, 767
Memories of Mexico 461
Mems for Musical Misses 488
Misers 614

MONTHLY RECORD OF CURRENT EVENTS.

UNITED STATES.

POLITICAL AND GENERAL NEWS.--Rumored descent upon Cuba;
President's Proclamation; arrests, 127. Legislature of New York;
the Canal Enlargement bill; close of the session; addresses to
the political parties, 127. Quick passages across the Atlantic,
128, 275, 564. Emigrants from abroad, 128, 275, 561. May
Anniversaries in New York, 128. Opening of the Erie Railroad,
128. Mr. Webster and Faneuil Hall, 129. Storm in New England,
129. Secret Ballot in Massachusetts, 129. Message of the Governor
of Connecticut, 129. Southern Rights Convention at Charleston;
Messrs. Cheves and Rhett, 129. Constitutional Convention in
Virginia, 129, 277, 414, 558. Miscellaneous Intelligence from the
Northwest, 129. Texas, 130, 277. New Mexico, 130. From
California: Extra-judicial executions; death for larceny; tax on
miners: Indian hostilities; population; gold; Japanese; thermal
springs, 130. Abstract of the census, 273. Dispersion of Cuban
expedition, 273. Speeches of Mr. Webster at Buffalo and Albany,
274. Methodist Book Concern suit, 274. Presbyterian General
Assembly at Utica, 275. At St. Louis, 275. Ocean steamers, 275.
Extra session of the New York Legislature, passage of the Canal
Enlargement bill, 275. Address of framers of the Constitution
against the bill, 275. Riot at Hoboken, 275. Legislature of
Massachusetts, principal bills passed, 276. Mr. Sumner's letter
of acceptance, 276. Maine and Massachusetts, 276. Liquor-law in
Maine, 276. Northern Eldorado, 276. Message of Governor Dinsmoore
of New Hampshire, 276. New Constitution in Maryland, 276.
Politics in Georgia, 276. In South Carolina, 276. In Mississippi,
276. Indian hostilities in Texas, 277. From California, 277. From
Oregon, 277. Whig and Democratic Conventions in Vermont, 411.
Democratic State Convention in New Hampshire, 411. Whig and
Democratic Conventions in Pennsylvania, 412. Whig Convention in
Ohio, 412. State Rights Convention in Mississippi, 412. Whig
Convention in California, 413. Mr. Webster's Fourth of July
speech at Washington, 413. Legislature of New York; Canal bill;
apportionment of representatives, 413. Position of Mr. Fish, 413.
Legislature of Rhode Island, 413. Acceptance of new Constitution
in Ohio, 413. Widows in Kentucky to vote, 413. Celebration of the
battle of Fort Moultrie at Charleston, 414. Senators Clemens and
King of Alabama, 414. Compromise resolutions in Connecticut, 414.
Legislature of Michigan, 414. Mormon trials, 414. Mr. Webster at
Capon Springs, 414. From California: fire at San Francisco;
quartz mining; Lynch law; Chinamen; abortive expedition against
Lower California, 415. Indian treaty in Oregon, 415. Miscellanies
from the Northwest, 415. Trial of General Talcott, 415. American
traveler imprisoned in Hungary, 415. College commencements, 415,
560. August elections, 557. State of parties, 557. Cuban
expedition sets out, 557. Progress of crime, 557. Prospects of
the harvest, 557. Indian hostilities along our frontiers, 557.
Meeting for co-operative resistance in Charleston, 557. Southern
Rights meeting, 558. New Constitution of Virginia, 558.
Democratic Convention in Ohio, 558. From California: new route;
another conflagration; T.B. McManus; vigilance committee, 559.
Joint call for a Whig Convention in New York, 559. Judge Bronson
on the Canal Enlargement bill, 560. Dinner to Archbishop Hughes,
560. Return of the steamer Atlantic, 561. Western Railroad
Convention, 561. Colored Convention in Indiana, 562. Sioux
treaty, 562. Steam to Ireland, 562. Letter from Kossuth, 562.
Fourth of July at Turks Island, 562. Emancipation of slaves by
Mr. Ragland, 562. Soundings in Gulf of Mexico, 562. Fugitive
slaves in Mexico, 562. Expedition to Cuba fails, 692. Excitement
in the United States, 693. Whig and Democratic Conventions in
Massachusetts, 693. Whig and Democratic Conventions in New York,
693. Severe storm, 694. From Texas: crops; trade; Indian affray;
Boundary Commission, 694. Fugitive slave cases, 694. Union
victory in Mississippi, 694. Slaves liberated by Mr. Caldwell,
694. From California: subsidence of Lynch law; mining; Indians;
politics, 695; more executions; conflict of authorities;
miscellaneous, 841. Meeting of the New York State Agricultural
Society, 840. Railroad celebration at Boston, 840. Return of the
Arctic Expedition, 840. Legislature of Vermont, 840. Accidents
and Shipwrecks, 840. Duels, 841. Michigan conspiracy trials, 841.
Bishop in New York, 841. From New Mexico: Indians; Col. Sumner's
command; Catholic Church, 841.

ELECTIONS.--Mr. Sumner in Massachusetts, 128. State officers in
Connecticut, 129. Congressional representatives in Massachusetts,
276. State officers in New Hampshire, 276. August elections for
members of Congress and State officers in several States, 557. Of
delegates to State Convention in Mississippi, 694. Of Governor
and Members of Congress in Georgia, 840.

SOUTHERN AMERICA.

Mexico: The revenue; Indian hostilities; meditated revolution,
130. Brazil and the Argentine Republic, 131, 277, 416, 697, 842.
Excitement in Cuba, 131. Hayti, 131. From Mexico; financial
difficulties; Indian hostilities; claims upon the United States,
277. From Peru: Election of President; disturbances, 277.
Disturbances in Chili, 277. Central America, 278. Financial
projects in Mexico, 416. Tehuantepec survey prohibited, 416.
Chili and Peru, 416. General Rosas, 416. Uruguay, 416. New
Constitution in Bolivia, 416. New Granada, 417. Plot in
Venezuela, 417. Proposed confederation in Central America, 417.
Cholera in Jamaica, 417. Cuba, 417. Santa Cruz, 417. Hostilities
in Hayti, 417. Gloomy state of affairs in Mexico, 562. Statement
of the Tehuantepec question, 563. Insurrectionary movements in
New Granada, 563, 697. Scarcity of labor in Jamaica; colored
emigrants solicited, 563. Riot at Kingston, 563. Abortive
insurrection in Cuba, 564. Failure of the expedition and
execution of Lopez, 692. Disturbances in Guayaquil, 696. Affairs
in Chili: Election of Montt as President; revenues; railroads;
storm, 696. Peru, 697. Mexican affairs: Financial schemes; Church
property; Tehuantepec difficulties; proposed South American
confederacy; disturbances; Payno's mission to England, 697.
Decline of the slave-trade in Brazil, 697. Peace in Hayti, 697.
Volcanic Eruption in Martinique, 697. Continued troubles in
Mexico, 842. Revolution in the Northern departments, 842.
Disturbances in Central America, 842. War between Brazil and
Rosas, 842. Chili and Peru, 843.

GREAT BRITAIN.

Opening of the Exhibition, 131. Duke of Wellington and the
statuette of Napoleon, 131. Proceedings in Parliament: Sundry
motions; Jews' bill; model lodging houses, 131. Speech of Sir
William Molesworth on the Colonies, 132. Lord Torrington as
Governor of Ceylon, 132. Aylesbury election vacated, 132. Dinner
to Lord Stanley, 132. Troubles in the Established Church, 132.
The Kaffir war, 132, 417. Manifesto of the Chartists, 132.
Emigration, 132, 843. Legal nicety, 132. Progress of the
Exhibition. 278, 417, 565, 698, 843. American contributions, 278.
Parliamentary proceedings, 278. Copyright decision in favor of
foreigners, 278. Protectionist meeting at Tamworth, 278.
Thackeray's lectures, 278. Mr. Cobden's peace motion, 417. Census
of Great Britain, 417. Steam between Ireland and United States,
417. Prince Albert on the American revolution, 418. Balloon
accident, 418. Passage of ecclesiastical titles bill, 564.
Jewish disabilities bill, 564. Mr. Salomons denied a seat in
Parliament, 564. Chancery reform, 565. Secret ballot, 565.
Bishops' revenues, 565. Decline of the slave trade, 565.
Depopulation of Ireland, 565. Opposition to copyright decision,
565. The queen and the corporation of London, 565. Mr. Peabody's
entertainment, 565. The Crystal Palace as a winter garden, 566.
Prerogation of Parliament, 597. The yacht races, 698. Catholic
meeting in Dublin, 698. Condition of laboring classes, 698.
Artistic defects, 698. Persistance of Mr. Salomons, 698. Speeches
of Lord Palmerston, Bulwer, Mr. Hunt, and Mr. Disraeli, 843.
Return of the Arctic Expedition, 843. Tour of the American
minister in Ireland, 843. Submarine Telegraph, 843.

FRANCE.

Difficulties in the way of revision, 133. New Provisional
Ministry formed, 133. Newspaper politics, 133. Troubles at Lyons,
133. Disturbances in the University, 133. Prosecutions against
the press, 133, 279. Bread society, 133. Refugee dinner, 133.
Holy week, 133. Hostilities in Algeria, 133. The President and
Abd-el-Kader, 133. Question of revision, 279, 418. Defeat of the
Kabyles, 279. Appointment of committee on revision, 418. The
President at Dijon, 418. Report of the committee on revision,
sketch of debate, and rejection of proposition, 566. Censure upon
and proffered resignation of ministers, 567. Free-trade motion
lost, 567. Fete to Exhibition commissioners, 567, 699.
Adjournment of Assembly, 699. Preparations for presidential
election, 699. Plots at Lyons, 699. Casualty at funeral of
Marshal Sebastiani, 699. Government and the press, 843. Progress
toward despotism, 843. Speech of the President, 844.

GERMANY.

Resuscitation of the Frankfort Diet, 133. Position of the Powers,
134. Refugee loan, 134. Close of the Dresden Conference, 279.
Meeting of sovereigns, 279. Speech of the King of Prussia, 279.
The Diet, 418. Affray at Hamburg, 418. English and French
protests against Austrian projects, 567. Press ordinance in
Austria, 567. Amnesty granted in Hesse Cassel, 567. Absolutism
predominant, 699. Political persecutions of musicians, 699.
Repression in Hungary, 700. Confiscation of the Allgemeine
Zeitung, 715. Extension of the Zollverein, 844. Progress of
Despotism in Austria, 844. Austrian loan, 844.

SOUTHERN EUROPE.

Insurrection in Portugal, and overthrow of the Thomar Ministry,
134, 279. Dissolution of the Spanish Cortes, 134. Railroad
commissioners appointed, 134. From Italy: Death of _Il
Passatore;_ books prohibited; Emperor of Austria at Venice;
anniversary of the battle of Novara, 134. Elections in Spain,
279. Concordat with Rome, 279. Disturbances in Madrid, 279.
Opposition to tobacco in Italy, 279, 418. The French at Rome,
279. Austrians in Italy, 418, 567. Banishment of Count
Guicciardini, 418. Mr. Gladstone on political prisoners at
Naples, 567. Portugal, 567. Arrests and Espionage in Italy, 699.
Foreign publications examined, 700. Inundations in Switzerland,
700. Catastrophe at Moscow, 700. Reply of the Neapolitan
Government to Mr. Gladstone, 844. Affairs at Rome, 844.
Excitement in Spain on the Cuban question, 844. Spanish Tariff,
844.

THE EAST.

Insurrections in Turkey, 134. Hungarian exiles, 134. Earthquake
in Anatolia, 134. Railroad across the Isthmus of Suez, 134.
Revolt in Egypt, 134. Affairs in India, 134. Plot against the
Nepaulese embassador, 134. Insurrection in China, 134, 567, 700.
Russian losses in Circassia, 567. Hurricane in India, 567. The
Governor-general, 567. Anti-mission movement among the Hindoos,
567. Cholera in the Canary Islands, 567. Kossuth to be liberated,
700. Annexation in India, 700. Affairs in Siam, 700. Massacre in
Formosa, 700. Release of Kossuth, 844. Difficulties between
Turkey and Austria, 844. Unsettled condition of Turkey, 845.
Difficulties between Persia and Russia, 845. From India, 845.
Discoveries of gold in Australia, 845.

LITERARY, SCIENTIFIC, AND PERSONAL.

UNITED STATES.--Visit of the President and Cabinet to the North,
135. St. George's Society, speeches of Mr. Bulwer, and Celtic
wrath, 135. W.L. Mackenzie, 135. American meeting for the
Advancement of Science, at Cincinnati, 135. Prussian medal to
Professor Morse, 135. Return of Jenny Lind, 135. Art-Union, 135.
Leutze's Washington Crossing the Delaware, 136. Woodville's Game
of Chess, 136. Power's La Dorado, 136. Mr. Whitney, 136. Golden
newspaper, 136. Philadelphia Art Union, 136. Chilly McIntosh,
136. Mr. Brace arrested in Hungary, 415. Talvi, 415. Mr. B.A.
Gould, 415. Commencements of colleges, 415, 560. Dinner to
Archbishop Hughes, 560. The Art Union, 561. Thorwaldssen's
models, 561. Statue to De Witt Clinton, 561. Huntington, Gray,
Page, 561. Greenough's Pioneer, 561. Release of Mr. Brace, 562.
Indian chiefs, 562. First book printed in New York, 562.
Education Association at Cleveland, 694. Anticipated trial of Mr.
Brace, 700. Kossuth to be liberated, 700. Small lions at Soirees,
713. Literary strategy, 713. New work of Jonathan Edwards, 716.
Catherine Hayes, 716. Father Mathew, 841. Monument to Cooper,
841. Methodist Book Concern, 860. W.G. Simms, 860. Works of
Andrews Norton, 860. Stockhardt's Agricultural Chemistry, 860.

FOREIGN.--Sir Charles Lyell on rain-drop impressions, 136.
Chapman on cotton in India, 136. Artificial gems, 137. Pensions
to J.S. Buckingham, Col. Torrens, and Mrs. Jameson, 698. Mr.
Jerdan, 698. Haynau at home, 698. Notices of Tuckerman and
Ungewitter, 713. Present state of copyright question, 713.
Railroad literature, 714. Estimation of Andrews' Latin Lexicon,
714. The Bateman children, 715. De Soto's Conquest of Florida,
715. Gavelkind, 715. Lingard's library, 715. Latham's Ethnology,
715. Complete Works of Frederick the Great, 716. Eugene Sue, 716.
Gasparis, 716. Reboul, the baker poet, 716. Shakspeare abroad,
716. Cayley's Dante, 857. Tupper's Hymn, 857. Thomas Cooper, 857.
Thackeray's forthcoming novel, 857. English Records, 857.
Parkman's Pontiac, 857, 860. Carlyle's Life of Stirling, 858.
Comte's Philosophy, 858. Layard's Investigations, 858. Monument
to Wordsworth, 858. Achilli, Mazzini, 858. Thier's Consulate,
858. De Cassagnac, 858. Cheap publications, 858. St. Just, 858.
Proudhon, 858. Spinoza, 859. Dumas, 859. Eugene Sue, Jules Janin,
859. De Maistre, 859. Unacknowledged translations, 859. Brentano,
Metternich, 859. Monument to Muller, 859.

OBITUARIES.

Philip Hone, 137. Hon. David Daggett, 137. Hon. William Steele,
137. Gen. Hugh Brady, 137. Stephen, Olin, D.D., 695. Hon. Levi
Woodbury, 695. James Fenimore Cooper, 695. Thomas H. Gallaudet,
696. Sylvester Graham, 696. Prof. Beverley Tucker, 696. Dr.
Paulus, 700. Mr. Gibbon, 713. Harriet Lee, 713. Lady Louisa
Stuart, 713. Daniel O'Sullivan, 715. Dr. Lorenz Oken, 715. John
Godfrey Gruber, 716. M. Dupaty, 716. James Richardson, 860.
William Nicol, 860. B.P. Gibbon, 860. John Kidd, 860.

Morbid Impulses 181
My Novel; or, Varieties in English Life.
By SIR EDWARD BULWER LYTTON 111, 256, 394, 541, 665, 816
Napoleon Bonaparte. By JOHN S.C. ABBOTT 289, 433, 577, 721
Never Despair 651
New Proofs of the Earth's Rotation 99
Our National Anniversary. By BENSON J. LOSSING 145
Oriental Saloons in Madrid 335
Pearl Divers 46
Pedestrian in Holland 351
Peep at the Peraharra 322
Personal Habits of the Walpoles 79
Phantoms and Realities 49, 187, 337
Pie Shops of London 392
Pools of Ellendeen 466
Postal Reform--Cheap Postage 837
Poulailler the Robber 489
Race Horses and Horse Races 329
Recollections of the Author of Lacon 648
Reminiscences of An Attorney 314
Scene from Irish Life 832
Scientific Fantasies 496
Seals and Whales 764
Scottish Revenge 836
Shots in the Jungle 527
Shadow of Ben Jonson's Mother 810
Siberia as a Land of Exile 782
Sight of An Angel 25
Sketches of Oriental Life 805
Solar System 207
Somnambule 304
Somnambulism 196
Spanish Bull Fight 359
Stories of Shipwreck 62
Story of an Organ 754
Story of Reynard the Fox 742
Student Life in Paris 373
Summer. By JAMES THOMSON 1
Syrian Superstitions 839
The Flying Artist 761
The Right One 619
The Stolen Rose 787
The Town-Ho's Story. By HERMAN MELVILLE 658
The Treason of Benedict Arnold. By BENSON J. LOSSING 451
The Two Roads 61
The Usurer's Gift 232
Thomas Moore 791
Tobacco Factory in Spain 326
Village Life in Germany 320
Visit at Mr. Webster's. By Lady EMMELINE STUART WORTLEY 94
Visit to Laplanders 248
Visit to Robinson Crusoe 530
Visit to The North Cape 102
Warnings of The Past 391
Waterspout in Indian Ocean 469
Weovil Biscuit Manufactory 487
White Silk Bonnet 533
Widow of Cologne 815
Woman's Emancipation.--A letter from a strong-minded American
Woman 424
Woman's Offices and Influence 654
Wordsworth, Byron, Scott, Shelley 502
Work Away 231
Worship of Gold 252

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

PAGE
1. Refulgent Summer comes 1
2. The meek-eyed dawn appears 2
3. From some promontory's top 3
4. Approach of evening 4
5. Reclined beneath the shade 5
6. Infancy, youth, and age 6
7. Hay-making 6
8. Sheep-washing 7
9. Slumbers the monarch swain 8
10. A various group the flocks and herds 8
11. A thousand shapes majestic stalk 9
12. An ample chair, moss-lined 10
13. Birth of the Nile 12
14. From steep to steep he pours his urn 12
15. Sad on the jutting eminence he sits 13
16. The mother strains her infant 13
17. Pouring forth pestilence 15
18. Stricken with plague 15
19. Thunder-storm 16
20. Young Celadon and his Amelia 17
21. A blackened corpse was struck the maid 17
22. The soft hour of walking 19
23. View on the Thames 19
24. The sailor's farewell 20
25. Shepherd and milkmaid 22
26. At eve the fairy people throng 22
27. Evening yields the world to night 23
28. Philosophy directs the helm 24
29. Rotation of the earth--Diagram 1 100
30. Rotation of the earth--Diagram 2 100
31. Tired of the world 141
32. Robinson and Jones pleasuring 141
33. Robinson and Jones on Deck 142
34. Robinson before and after a Voyage 142
35. A perfect Wretch 142
36. Costumes for early Summer 143
37. Evening dress 144
38. Head-dress 144
39. Bonnet 144
40. Portraits of Adams, Sherman, Livingston, Jefferson, and
Franklin 145
41. Portrait of Earl of Bute 146
42. Portrait of James Otis 147
43. Portrait of Patrick Henry 148
44. Independence Hall, Philadelphia 151
45. Portrait of John Hancock 152
46. Portrait of Robert Morris 152
47. Portrait of Richard Henry Lee 153
48. Portrait of John Dickinson 153
49. Portrait of Edward Rutledge 154
50. Portrait of Samuel Adams 154
51. Portrait of John Witherspoon 155
52. The Liberty Bell 157
53. Fac-simile of the Signatures to the Declaration of
Independence 158
54. Hauling the Life-car 161
55. The Life-car--Diagram 1 162
56. The Life-car--Diagram 2 162
57. The Life-car--Diagram 3 162
58. The Life-car--Diagram 4 162
59. Seizing the Cask 163
60. Firing the Shot 164
61. The Hydraulic Press 165
62. The Surf-boat 168
63. Climbing the Rope 169
64. The Tent 170
65. The Eclipse of 1851--Diagram 1 239
66. The Eclipse of 1851--Diagram 2 239
67. The Eclipse of 1851--Diagram 3 239
68. The Eclipse of 1851--Diagram 4 240
69. The Eclipse of 1851--Map 240
70. The Eclipse of 1851--enlarged Map 241
71. The Eclipse of 1851--Digits 241
72. Comparative Love 285
73. Taking the Census 286
74. A strange Machine 286
75. Costumes for Summer 287
76. Bonnets 288
77. Turkish Costume 288
78. The Birth-house of Napoleon 290
79. The Home of Napoleon's Childhood 292
80. Napoleon at Brienne 293
81. The Snow Fort 295
82. Lieutenant Bonaparte 299
83. The Water-excursion 303
84. Varieties of Bloomers 424
85. Experimental Philosophy 425
86. The interesting Story 425
87. Costumes for the Dog-days 425
88. A wet day at a Country Inn 426
89. Scene at the sea side 426
90. Affecting--rather 427
91. Real Enjoyment 427
92. A Taste for the Beautiful 428
93. Singular optical Delusion 428
94. A most alarming Swelling 429
95. Sunbeams from Cucumbers 429
96. Much Ado about Nothing 430
97. Little Lessons for Little Ladies 430
98. Costumes for August 431
99. Jackets 432
100. Boy's Dress 432
101. The Attack upon the Tuileries 435
102. The Emigrants 436
103. The Volunteer Gunners 440
104. Night Studies 443
105. Napoleon before the Convention 448
106. The Amazon discomfited 450
107. Portrait of Benedict Arnold 451
108. Portrait of Major Andre 453
109. Portrait of Sir Henry Clinton 453
110. Portrait of Beverley Robinson 453
111. Robinson's House 454
112. Smith's House 455
113. Arnold's Pass to Andre 456
114. Map of Andre's Route 457
115. Place of Andre's Capture 457
116. Breakfast Room at Robinson's House 458
117. View at Robinson's Dock 458
118. Washington's Head Quarters at Tappan 459
119. Andre's Pen-and-Ink sketch of himself 459
120. Andre's Monument 460
121. Paulding's Monument 460
122. Van Wart's Monument 460
123. Artesian Wells in Mississippi 539
124. The Auger for boring 539
125. Auger rods 539
126. The Pump 540
127. Bits for boring through Rock 540
128. Boring Apparatus complete 540
129. The Couter 540
130. Pump-logs 541
131. Section of Logs 541
132. Fashions for September 575
133. Bonnet and Head-dress 576
134. Chemisette 576
135. Napoleon and Eugene Beauharnais 578
136. Napoleon and his Generals 583
137. Napoleon on Mount Zemolo 585
138. Passage of the Bridge of Lodi 590
139. Napoleon and the Courier 593
140. The Burning of Banasco 595
141. Peruvian Cavalier 600
142. Limena at Home 602
143. Cholitas or Indian Women of Peru 603
144. Coming from Mass 604
145. Holding the Mirror up to Nature 717
146. A Bite 717
147. Much too considerate 717
148. A Lesson on Patience 718
149. Development of Taste 718
150. Costumes for October 719
151. Carriage Costume 720
152. Caps and Under-sleeve 720
153. The Encampment before Mantua 721
154. The Little Corporal and the Sentinel 725
155. The Solitary Bivouac 726
156. The Dead Soldier and his Dog 728
157. The Marshes of Arcola 733
158. The Exhausted Sentinel 739
159. Reynard at Home 743
160. Reynard as a Hermit 744
161. Sir Tibert delivering the King's Message 745
162. Reynard brings forward the Hare 746
163. Reynard on his Pilgrimage to Rome 747
164. Reynard attacks the Rabbit 748
165. Brother Jonathan's First Lesson in Shipbuilding 861
166. Not a difficult thing to foretell 861
167. Curiosities of Medical Experience 862
168. Retirement 862
169. Costumes for November 863
170. Opera Dress 864
171. Head-Dresses and Caps 864

HARPER'S

NEW MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

NO. XIII.--JUNE, 1851.--VOL. III.

SUMMER.

BY JAMES THOMSON

From brightening fields of ether fair-disclos'd,
Child of the sun, refulgent SUMMER comes,
In pride of youth, and felt through nature's depth:
He comes attended by the sultry hours,
And ever-fanning breezes, on his way;
While, from his ardent look, the turning Spring
Averts her blushful face; and earth, and skies,
All-smiling, to his hot dominion leaves.

Hence, let me haste into the mid wood shade,
Where scarce a sunbeam wanders through the gloom
And on the dark-green grass, beside the brink
Of haunted stream, that by the roots of oak
Rolls o'er the rocky channel, lie at large,
And sing the glories of the circling year.

Come, Inspiration! from thy hermit-seat,
By mortal seldom found: may fancy dare,
From thy fix'd serious eye, and raptur'd glance
Shot on surrounding heaven, to steal one look
Creative of the poet, every power
Exalting to an ecstasy of soul.

And thou, my youthful muse's early friend,
In whom the human graces all unite;
Pure light of mind, and tenderness of heart;
Genius and wisdom; the gay social sense,
By decency chastis'd; goodness and wit,
In seldom-meeting harmony combin'd;
Unblemish'd honor, and an active zeal
For Britain's glory, liberty, and man:
O Dodington! attend my rural song,
Stoop to my theme, inspirit every line,
And teach me to deserve thy just applause.

With what an awful world-revolving power
Were first the unwieldy planets launch'd along
The illimitable void! thus to remain,
Amid the flux of many thousand years,
That oft has swept the toiling race of men
And all their labor'd monuments away,
Firm, unremitting, matchless, in their course,
To the kind-temper'd change of night and day,
And of the Seasons ever stealing round,
Minutely faithful: such the All-perfect Hand
That pois'd, impels, and rules the steady whole.

When now no more the alternate Twins are fir'd,
And Cancer reddens with the solar blaze,
Short is the doubtful empire of the night;
And soon, observant of approaching day,
The meek-ey'd morn appears, mother of dews,
At first faint-gleaming in the dappled east--
Till far o'er ether spreads the widening glow,
And, from before the lustre of her face,
White break the clouds away. With quicken'd step,
Brown night retires. Young day pours in apace,
And opens all the lawny prospect wide.
The dripping rock, the mountain's misty top,
Swell on the sight, and brighten with the dawn.
Blue, through the dusk, the smoking currents shine;
And from the bladed field the fearful hare
Limps, awkward; while along the forest glade
The wild deer trip, and often turning gaze
At early passenger. Music awakes,
The native voice of undissembled joy,
And thick around the woodland hymns arise.
Rous'd by the cock, the soon-clad shepherd leaves
His mossy cottage, where with peace he dwells;
And from the crowded fold, in order, drives
His flock, to taste the verdure of the morn.

Falsely luxurious, will not man awake;
And, springing from the bed of sloth, enjoy
The cool, the fragrant, and the silent hour,
To meditation due and sacred song?
For is there aught in sleep can charm the wise?
To lie in dead oblivion, losing half
The fleeting moments of too short a life;
Total extinction of the enlighten'd soul!
Or else to feverish vanity alive,
Wilder'd, and tossing through distemper'd dreams
Who would in such a gloomy state remain
Longer than nature craves; when every muse
And every blooming pleasure wait without,
To bless the wildly devious morning-walk?

But yonder comes the powerful king of day,
Rejoicing in the east. The lessening cloud,
The kindling azure, and the mountain's brow
Illum'd with fluid gold, his near approach
Betoken glad. Lo! now apparent all,
Aslant the dew-bright earth, and color'd air,
He looks in boundless majesty abroad;
And sheds the shining day, that burnish'd plays
On rocks, and hills, and towers, and wandering streams,
High-gleaming from afar. Prime cheerer, light!
Of all material beings first, and best!
Efflux divine! Nature's resplendent robe!
Without whose vesting beauty all were wrapp'd
In unessential gloom; and thou, O sun!
Soul of surrounding worlds! in whom best seen
Shines out thy Maker! may I sing of thee?

'Tis by thy secret, strong, attractive force,
As with a chain indissoluble bound,
Thy system rolls entire; from the far bourn
Of utmost Saturn, wheeling wide his round
Of thirty years, to Mercury, whose disk
Can scarce be caught by philosophic eye,
Lost in the near effulgence of thy blaze.

Informer of the planetary train!
Without whose quickening glance their cumbrous orbs
Were brute unlovely mass, inert and dead,
And not, as now, the green abodes of life--
How many forms of being wait on thee!
Inhaling spirit; from the unfetter'd mind,
By thee sublim'd, down to the daily race,
The mixing myriads of thy setting beam.

The vegetable world is also thine,
Parent of Seasons! who the pomp precede
That waits thy throne, as through thy vast domain,
Annual, along the bright ecliptic-road,
In world-rejoicing state, it moves sublime.
Meantime the expecting nations, circled gay
With all the various tribes of foodful earth,
Implore thy bounty, or send grateful up
A common hymn; while, round thy beaming car,
High-seen, the Seasons lead, in sprightly dance
Harmonious knit, the rosy-finger'd hours,
The zephyrs floating loose, the timely rains,
Of bloom ethereal the light-footed dews,
And soften'd into joy the surly storms.
These, in successive turn, with lavish hand,
Shower every beauty, every fragrance shower,
Herbs, flowers, and fruits; till, kindling at thy touch,
From land to land is flush'd the vernal year.

Nor to the surface of enliven'd earth,
Graceful with hills and dales, and leafy woods,
Her liberal tresses, is thy force confin'd--
But, to the bowel'd cavern darting deep,
The mineral kinds confess thy mighty power.
Effulgent, hence the veiny marble shines;
Hence labor draws his tools; hence burnish'd war
Gleams on the day; the nobler works of peace
Hence bless mankind; and generous commerce binds
The round of nations in a golden chain.

The unfruitful rock itself, impregn'd by thee,
In dark retirement forms the lucid stone.
The lively diamond drinks thy purest rays,
Collected light, compact; that, polish'd bright.
And all its native lustre let abroad,
Dares, as it sparkles on the fair one's breast,
With vain ambition emulate her eyes.
At thee the ruby lights its deepening glow,
And with a waving radiance inward flames.
From thee the sapphire, solid ether, takes
Its hue cerulean; and, of evening tinct,
The purple streaming amethyst is thine.
With thy own smile the yellow topaz burns;
Nor deeper verdure dyes the robe of Spring,
When first she gives it to the southern gale,
Than the green emerald shows. But, all combin'd,
Thick through the whitening opal play thy beams;
Or, flying several from its surface, form
A trembling variance of revolving hues,
As the site varies in the gazer's hand.

The very dead creation, from thy touch,
Assumes a mimic life. By thee refin'd,
In brighter mazes the relucent stream
Plays o'er the mead. The precipice abrupt,
Projecting horror on the blacken'd flood,
Softens at thy return. The desert joys
Wildly, through all his melancholy bounds.
Rude ruins glitter; and the briny deep,
Seen from some pointed promontory's top,
Far to the blue horizon's utmost verge,
Restless, reflects a floating gleam. But this,
And all the much-transported muse can sing,
Are to thy beauty, dignity, and use,
Unequal far; great delegated source
Of light, and life, and grace, and joy below!

How shall I then attempt to sing of him,
Who, Light himself! in uncreated light
Invested deep, dwells awfully retired
From mortal eye, or angel's purer ken,
Whose single smile has, from the first of time,
Fill'd, overflowing, all those lamps of heaven,
That beam forever through the boundless sky;
But, should he hide his face, the astonish'd sun,
And all the extinguish'd stars, would loosening reel
Wide from their spheres, and chaos come again.

And yet was every faltering tongue of man,
Almighty Father! silent in thy praise,
Thy works themselves would raise a general voice
Even in the depth of solitary woods,
By human foot untrod, proclaim thy power;
And to the quire celestial thee resound,
The eternal cause, support, and end of all!

To me be Nature's volume broad-display'd;
And to peruse its all-instructing page,
Or, haply catching inspiration thence,
Some easy passage, raptur'd, to translate,
My sole delight; as through the falling glooms
Pensive I stray, or with the rising dawn
On fancy's eagle-wing excursive soar.

Now, flaming up the heavens, the potent sun
Melts into limpid air the high-rais'd clouds,
And morning fogs, that hover'd round the hills
In party-color'd bands; till wide unveil'd
The face of nature shines, from where earth seems
Far stretch'd around, to meet the bending sphere.

Half in a blush of clustering roses lost,
Dew-dropping coolness to the shade retires,
There, on the verdant turf, or flowery bed,
By gelid founts and careless rills to muse;
While tyrant heat, dispreading through the sky,
With rapid sway, his burning influence darts
On man, and beast, and herb, and tepid stream.

Who can, unpitying, see the flowery race,
Shed by the morn, their new-flush'd bloom resign,
Before the parching beam? So fade the fair,
When fevers revel through their azure veins.
But one, the lofty follower of the sun,
Sad when he sets, shuts up her yellow leaves,
Drooping all night; and, when he warm returns,
Points her enamor'd bosom to his ray.

Home, from the morning task, the swain retreats;
His flock before him stepping to the fold:
While the full-udder'd mother lows around
The cheerful cottage, then expecting food,
The food of innocence and health! The daw,
The rook, and magpie, to the gray-grown oaks
(That the calm village in their verdant arms,
Sheltering, embrace) direct their lazy flight;
Where on the mingling boughs they sit embower'd,
All the hot noon, till cooler hours arise.
Faint, underneath, the household fowls convene;
And, in a corner of the buzzing shade,
The housedog, with the vacant grayhound, lies
Outstretched and sleepy. In his slumbers one
Attacks the nightly thief, and one exults
O'er hill and dale; till, waken'd by the wasp,
They, starting, snap. Nor shall the muse disdain
To let the little noisy summer race
Live in her lay, and flutter through her song,
Not mean, though simple: to the sun allied,
From him they draw their animating fire.

Wak'd by his warmer ray, the reptile young
Come wing'd abroad; by the light air upborne,
Lighter, and full of soul. From every chink,
And secret corner, where they slept away
The wintry storms--or, rising from their tombs
To higher life--by myriads, forth at once,
Swarming they pour; of all the varied hues
Their beauty-beaming parent can disclose.
Ten thousand forms! ten thousand different tribes!
People the blaze. To sunny waters some
By fatal instinct fly; where, on the pool,
They, sportive, wheel; or, sailing down the stream
Are snatch'd immediate by the quick-ey'd trout,
Or darting salmon. Through the greenwood glade
Some love to stray; there lodg'd, amus'd, and fed
In the fresh leaf. Luxurious, others make
The meads their choice, and visit every flower,
And every latent herb: for the sweet task,
To propagate their kinds, and where to wrap,
In what soft beds, their young, yet undisclos'd,
Employs their tender care. Some to the house,
The fold, and dairy, hungry, bend their flight;
Sip round the pail, or taste the curdling cheese:
Oft, inadvertent, from the milky stream
They meet their fate; or, weltering in the bowl,
With powerless wings around them wrapp'd, expire.

But chief to heedless flies the window proves
A constant death; where, gloomily retir'd,
The villain spider lives, cunning and fierce,
Mixture abhorr'd! Amid a mangled heap
Of carcasses, in eager watch he sits,
O'erlooking all his waving snares around.
Near the dire cell the dreadless wanderer oft
Passes, as oft the ruffian shows his front.
The prey at last ensnar'd, he dreadful darts,
With rapid glide, along the leaning line;
And, fixing in the wretch his cruel fangs,
Strikes backward, grimly pleas'd: the fluttering wing,
And shriller sound, declare extreme distress
And ask the helping hospitable hand.

Resounds the living surface of the ground.
Nor undelightful is the ceaseless hum,
To him who muses through the woods at noon;
Or drowsy shepherd, as he lies reclin'd,
With half shut eyes, beneath the floating shade
Of willows gray, close-crowding o'er the brook.

Gradual, from these what numerous kinds descend,
Evading even the microscopic eye!
Full nature swarms with life; one wondrous mass
Of animals, or atoms organiz'd,
Waiting the vital breath, when Parent-Heaven
Shall bid his spirit blow. The hoary fen,
In putrid streams, emits the living cloud
Of pestilence. Through the subterranean cells.

Where searching sunbeams scarce can find a way,
Earth animated heaves. The flowery leaf
Wants not its soft inhabitants. Secure,
Within its winding citadel, the stone
Holds multitudes. But chief the forest boughs,
That dance unnumber'd to the playful breeze,
The downy orchard, and the melting pulp
Of mellow fruit, the nameless nations feed
Of evanescent insects. Where the pool
Stands mantled o'er with green, invisible
Amid the floating verdure millions stray.
Each liquid, too, whether it pierces, soothes,
Inflames, refreshes, or exalts the taste,
With various forms abounds. Nor is the stream
Of purest crystal, nor the lucid air,
Though one transparent vacancy it seems,
Void of their unseen people. These, conceal'd
By the kind art of forming Heaven, escape
The grosser eye of man: for, if the worlds
In worlds inclos'd should on his senses burst,
From cates ambrosial, and the nectar'd bowl,
He would abhorrent turn; and in dead night.
When silence sleeps o'er all, be stunn'd with noise.

Let no presuming impious railer tax
Creative Wisdom, as if aught was form'd
In vain, or not for admirable ends.
Shall little haughty ignorance pronounce
His works unwise, of which the smallest part
Exceeds the narrow vision of her mind?
As if upon a full-proportion'd dome,
On swelling columns heav'd, the pride of art!
A critic fly, whose feeble ray scarce spreads
An inch around, with blind presumption bold,
Should dare to tax the structure of the whole.
And lives the man whose universal eye
Has swept at once the unbounded scheme of things,
Mark'd their dependence so, and firm accord,
As with unfaltering accent to conclude
That _this_ availeth naught? Has any seen
The mighty chain of beings, lessening down
From Infinite Perfection to the brink
Of dreary nothing, desolate abyss!
From which astonish'd thought, recoiling, turns?
Till then, alone let zealous praise ascend,
And hymns of holy wonder, to that Power,
Whose wisdom shines as lovely on our minds,
As on our smiling eyes his servant-sun.

Thick in yon stream of light, a thousand ways,
Upward and downward, thwarting and convolv'd,
The quivering nations sport; till, tempest-wing'd,
Fierce Winter sweeps them from the face of day
Even so, luxurious men, unheeding pass,
An idle summer-life in fortune's shine,
A season's glitter! thus they flutter on
From toy to toy, from vanity to vice;
Till, blown away by death, oblivion comes
Behind, and strikes them from the book of life.

Now swarms the village o'er the jovial mead
The rustic youth, brown with meridian toil,
Healthful and strong; full as the summer rose
Blown by prevailing suns, the ruddy maid,
Half-naked, swelling on the sight, and all
Her kindled graces burning o'er her cheek.
Even stooping age is here; and infant hands
Trail the long rake, or, with the fragrant load
O'ercharg'd, amid the kind oppression roll.
Wide flies the tedded grain; all in a row
Advancing broad, or wheeling round the field,
They spread the breathing harvest to the sun,
That throws refreshful round a rural smell;
Or, as they rake the green-appearing ground,
And drive the dusky wave along the mead,
The russet haycock rises thick behind,
In order gay: while heard from dale to dale,
Waking the breeze, resounds the blended voice
Of happy labor, love, and social glee.

Or rushing thence, in one diffusive band,
They drive the troubled flocks, by many a dog
Compell'd, to where the mazy-running brook
Forms a deep pool; this bank abrupt and high,
And that, fair-spreading in a pebbled shore.
Urg'd to the giddy brink, much is the toil,
The clamor much, of men, and boys, and dogs,
Ere the soft fearful people to the flood
Commit their woolly sides. And oft the swain,
On some impatient seizing, hurls them in:
Embolden'd, then, nor hesitating more,
Fast, fast they plunge amid the flashing wave,
And panting labor to the farther shore.
Repeated this, till deep the well-wash'd fleece
Has drank the flood, and from his lively haunt
The trout is banish'd by the sordid stream,
Heavy and dripping, to the breezy brow
Slow move the harmless race; where, as they spread
Their swelling treasures to the sunny ray,
Inly disturb'd, and wondering what this wild
Outrageous tumult means, their loud complaints
The country fill--and, toss'd from rock to rock,
Incessant bleatings run around the hills.
At last, of snowy white, the gather'd flocks
Are in the wattled pen innumerous press'd,
Head above head; and rang'd in lusty rows
The shepherds sit, and whet the sounding shears.
The housewife waits to roll her fleecy stores,
With all her gay-dress'd maids attending round.
One, chief, in gracious dignity enthron'd,
Shines o'er the rest, the pastoral queen, and rays
Her smiles, sweet-beaming, on her shepherd-king,
While the glad circle round them yield their souls
To festive mirth, and wit that knows no gall.
Meantime, their joyous task goes on apace:
Some, mingling, stir the melted tar, and some,
Deep on the new-shorn vagrant's heaving side
To stamp his master's cipher ready stand;
Others the unwilling wether drag along;
And, glorying in his might, the sturdy boy
Holds by the twisted horns the indignant ram.
Behold where bound, and of its robe bereft,
By needy man, that all-depending lord,
How meek, how patient, the mild creature lies!
What softness in its melancholy face,
What dumb, complaining innocence appears!
Fear not, ye gentle tribes, 'tis not the knife
Of horrid slaughter that is o'er you wav'd;
No, 'tis the tender swain's well-guided shears,
Who having now, to pay his annual care,
Borrow'd your fleece, to you a cumbrous load,
Will send you bounding to your hills again.

A simple scene! yet hence Britannia sees
Her solid grandeur rise: hence she commands
The exalted stores of every brighter clime,
The treasures of the sun without his rage;
Hence, fervent all, with culture, toil, and arts,
Wide glows her land; her dreadful thunder hence
Rides o'er the waves sublime, and now, even now,
Impending hangs o'er Gallia's humbled coast;
Hence rules the circling deep, and awes the world.

'Tis raging noon; and, vertical, the sun
Darts on the head direct his forceful rays.
O'er heaven and earth, far as the ranging eye
Can sweep, a dazzling deluge reigns; and all,
From pole to pole, is undistinguish'd blaze.
In vain the sight, dejected to the ground,
Stoops for relief; thence hot ascending streams
And keen reflection pain. Deep to the root
Of vegetation parch'd, the cleaving fields
And slippery lawn an arid hue disclose,
Blast fancy's blooms, and wither even the soul.
Echo no more returns the cheerful sound
Of sharpening scythe; the mower, sinking, heaps
O'er him the humid hay, with flowers perfum'd;
And scarce a chirping grasshopper is heard
Through the dumb mead. Distressful nature pants.
The very streams look languid from afar;
Or, through the unshelter'd glade, impatient, seem
To hurl into the covert of the grove.

All conquering heat, oh, intermit thy wrath!
And on my throbbing temples potent thus
Beam not so fierce! Incessant still you flow,
And still another fervent flood succeeds,
Pour'd on the head profuse. In vain I sigh,
And restless turn, and look around for night:
Night is far off; and hotter hours approach.
Thrice-happy be! who on the sunless side
Of a romantic mountain, forest-crown'd,
Beneath the whole-collected shade reclines,
Or in the gelid caverns, woodbine-wrought,
And fresh bedew'd with ever-spouting streams,
Sits coolly calm, while all the world without,
Unsatisfied and sick, tosses in noon.
Emblem instructive of the virtuous man,
Who keeps his temper'd mind serene, and pure,
And every passion aptly harmoniz'd,
Amid a jarring world with vice inflam'd.

Welcome, ye shades! ye bowery thickets, hail!
Ye lofty pines! ye venerable oaks!
Ye ashes wild, responding o'er the steep!
Delicious is your shelter to the soul,
As to the hunted hart the sallying spring,
Or stream full-flowing, that his swelling sides
Laves, as he floats along the herbag'd brink.
Cool, through the nerves, your pleasing comfort glides;
The heart beats glad; the fresh-expanded eye
And ear resume their watch; the sinews knit;
And life shoots swift through all the lighten'd limbs.

Around the adjoining brook that purls along
The vocal grove, now fretting o'er a rock,
Now scarcely moving through a reedy pool,
Now starting to a sudden stream, and now
Gently diffus'd into a limpid plain,
A various group the herds and flocks compose
Rural confusion! On the grassy bank
Some ruminating lie; while others stand
Half in the flood, and often bending sip
The circling surface. In the middle droops
The strong laborious ox, of honest front,
Which incompos'd he shakes; and from his sides
The troublous insects lashes with his tail,
Returning still. Amid his subjects safe,
Slumbers the monarch swain: his careless arm
Thrown round his head, on downy moss sustain'd:
Here laid his scrip, with wholesome viands fill'd;
There, listening every noise, his watchful dog.

Light fly his slumbers, if perchance a flight
Of angry gadflies fasten on the herd;
That startling scatters from the shallow brook,
In search of lavish stream. Tossing the foam,
They scorn the keeper's voice, and scour the plain
Through all the bright severity of noon;
While, from their laboring breasts, a hollow moan
Proceeding, runs low-bellowing round the hills.

Oft in this season too the horse, provok'd,
While his big sinews full of spirits swell,
Trembling with vigor, in the heat of blood,
Springs the high fence; and, o'er the field effus'd,
Darts on the gloomy flood, with steadfast eye,
And heart estrang'd to fear: his nervous chest,
Luxuriant and erect, the seat of strength!
Bears down the opposing stream; quenchless his thirst,
He takes the river at redoubled draughts:
And with wide nostrils, snorting, skims the wave.

Still let me pierce into the midnight depth
Of yonder grove, of wildest, largest growth;
That, forming high in air a woodland quire,
Nods o'er the mount beneath. At every step,
Solemn and slow, the shadows blacker fall,
And all is awful listening gloom around.