Chapter I: Introduction: BY

WM. ELLIOT GRIFFIS

_With One Hundred Illustrations and Maps_

VOLUME II

CHICAGO
A. C. McCLURG & CO.
1906

COPYRIGHT
A. C. McCLURG & CO.
1906

Published September 29, 1906

THE UNIVERSITY PRESS, CAMBRIDGE, U. S. A.

CONTENTS

VOLUME II

CHAPTER XXXII

PAGE

Post-Houses—Imperial Messengers—Inns—Houses—Their
Furniture and Interior Arrangements—Bathing and Sweating
House—Gardens—Refreshment Houses—What they Provide—Tea 1

CHAPTER XXXIII

Number of People on the Road—Princely Retinues—Pilgrims to
Ise—Junrei Pilgrims—Naked Devotees—Religious Beggars—Begging
Order of Nuns—Yamabushi, or Mountain Priests—Buddhist
Beggars—Singular Bell-Chiming—Hucksters
and Peddlers—Courtesans 15

CHAPTER XXXIV

Departure from Nagasaki—Train of the Dutch—The Day’s
Journey—Treatment of the Dutch—Respect shown them in
the Island of Shimo—Care with which they are watched—Inns
at which they lodge—Their Reception and Treatment
there—Politeness of the Japanese—Lucky and Unlucky
Days—Seimei, the Astrologer 31

CHAPTER XXXV

From Nagasaki to Kokura—Shimonoseki—Water Journey to
Ōsaka—Description of that City—Its Castle—Interview
with the Governors—From Ōsaka to Miyako—Jodo and its
Castle—Fushimi—Entrance into Miyako—Visit to the Chief
Justice and the Governors—Description of Miyako—Palace
of the Dairi—Castle—Manufactures and Trade—Authority
of the Chief Justice—Police—Crimes 45

CHAPTER XXXVI

Lake Ōtsu—Mount Hiei[zan]—Japanese Legends—A Japanese
Patent Medicine—Kwannon—Miya—Arai—Policy of the
Emperors—Kakegawa—A Town on Fire—Suruga—Kunō—Passage
of a Rapid River—Fuji-no-yama, or Mount Fuji—Crossing
the Peninsula of Izu—Second Searching Place—Purgatory
Lake—Odawara—Coast of the Bay of Yedo—A
Live Saint—Kanagawa—Shinagawa—Yedo—Imperial
Castles and Palace 67

CHAPTER XXXVII

Personages to be visited—Visit to the Emperor—First Audience—Second
Audience—Visit to the Houses of the Councillors—Visits
to the Governors of Yedo and the Temple Lords—Visit
to the Houses of the Governors of Nagasaki—Audience of
Leave—Return—Visits to Temples in the Vicinity of Miyako—A. D.
1691-1692 85

CHAPTER XXXVIII

Further Decline of the Dutch Trade—Degradation of the
Japanese Coins—The Dutch threaten to withdraw from Japan—Restrictions
on the Chinese Trade—Probable Cause of the
Policy adopted by the Japanese—Drain of the Precious Metals—New
Basis upon which Future Trade must be arranged 109

CHAPTER XXXIX

Thunberg’s Visit to Japan—Searches and
Examinations—Smuggling—Interpreters—Deshima—Imports and
Exports—Unicorn’s Horn and Ginseng—Soy—The Dutch at Deshima—Japanese
Mistresses—Japanese Women—Studying the
Language—Botanizing—Clocks—New Year’s Day—Trampling
on Images—Departure for Yedo—Journey through
the Island of Shimo—Japanese Houses and Furniture—Manufacture
of Paper—Practice of Bathing—Shimonoseki—Voyage
to Ōsaka—Children—From Ōsaka to Miyako—Agriculture—Animals—A. D.
1775-1776 114

CHAPTER XL

Japanese Merchants—Journey from Miyako to Yedo—Botany of
the Mountains—Rainy Weather—Coverings for the Head and
Feet—Yedo—Astronomers and Physicians—Acupuncture—Moxa
[_Mogusa_]—Other Japanese Remedies—Method of
wearing the Hair—Visits to the Emperor and his Chief Officers—Japanese
Dress—Books and Maps—Succession of Emperors—Departure
from Yedo—Gnats—Fire-Flies—Threshing—Vegetables
and Fruits—Condition of the Japanese Farmer—Casting
Copper—Actors and Dancers—Thunberg’s Opinion of
the Japanese—A. D. 1775-1776 139

CHAPTER XLI

Isaac Titsingh—His Residence in Japan—Translations from the
Japanese—Annals of the Dairi—Memoirs of the Shōgun—Liberal
Ideas in Japan—Marriage Ceremonies—Funeral Ceremonies—Mourning—Feast
of Lanterns—A. D. 1779-1791 163

CHAPTER XLII

Exploration of the Northern Japanese Seas—First Russian Mission
to Japan—Professorship of Japanese at Irkutsk—New Restrictions
on the Dutch—Embarrassments growing out of the War
of the French Revolution—American Flag at Nagasaki—Captain
Stewart—Ingenuity of a Japanese Fisherman—Heer
Doeff, Director at Deshima—Suspicious Proceedings of Captain
Stewart—Russian Embassy—Klaproth’s Knowledge of Japanese—Doeff’s
First Journey to Yedo—Dutch Trade in 1804 and
1806—An American Ship at Nagasaki—The British Frigate
“Phaeton—No Ships from Batavia—The Dutch on Short
Allowance—English Ships from Batavia—Communication
again suspended—Dutch and Japanese Dictionary—Children
at the Factory—A. D. 1792-1817 190

CHAPTER XLIII

Golownin’s Capture and Imprisonment—Conveyance to Hakodate—Reception
and Imprisonment—Interpreters—Interviews with
the Governor—Removal to Matsumae—A Pupil in Russian—A
Japanese Astronomer—Escape and Recapture—Treatment
afterwards—Savants from Yedo—Japanese Science—European
News—A Japanese Free-Thinker—Soldiers—Their
Amusements—Thoughts on a Wedding—Domestic Arrangements—New
Year—Return of the “Diana”—Reprisals—A
Japanese Merchant and his Female Friend—Second Return of
the “Diana”—Third Return of the “Diana”—Interview on
Shore—Surrender of the Prisoners—Japanese Notification—The
Merchant at Home—The Merchant Class in Japan—A. D.
1811-1813 212

CHAPTER XLIV

Renewal of the Dutch Trade—Captain Gordon in the Bay of
Yedo—Fisscher—Meylan—Siebold—British Mutineers—Voyage
of the “Morrison”—Japanese Edict—The “Saramang” at
Nagasaki—The “Mercator” in the Bay of Yedo—Commodore
Biddle in the Bay of Yedo—Shipwrecked Americans—French
Ships of War at Nagasaki—The “Preble” at Nagasaki—Surveying
Ship “Mariner” in the Bays of Yedo and Shimoda—New
Notification through the Dutch—A. D. 1817-1850 245

CHAPTER XLV

Foreign Relations—New Shōgun—Dutch Trade—Chinese Trade—American
Embassy—Its Object—Letter to the Emperor—Perry’s
First Visit to the Bay of Yedo—Death of the Shōgun—Perry’s
Second Visit to the Bay of Yedo—Negotiation of a
Treaty—The Treaty as agreed to—Shimoda—Hakodate—Additional
Regulations—Japanese Currency—Burrow’s Visit
to the Bay of Yedo—Third Visit of the American Steamers—Russian
and English Negotiations—Exchange of Ratifications—Earthquake 274

CHAPTER XLVI

New Dutch Treaty—Mr. Harris, American Consul at Shimoda—His
Convention with the Japanese—His Journey to Yedo—Second
Visit to Yedo—Conditional Treaty—British Treaty—French
and Russian Treaties—Japanese Embassies to the
United States—A. D. 1854-1860 325