Chapter II

1791.
_Oct_. 4. The second assembly takes the name of the
_Legislative_ Assembly, and is opened by the King
in person. It consists of 700 members.
An oath is taken to observe the law.
An administrator in one of the departments flies
with a large treasure.
17. Massacre at Avignon, with unusual horrors. Jourdan
and his people destroy 600 victims in an ice-house.
Insurrection at Paris on account of religious
worship.
The Marquis de la Fayette resigns the command of
the Parisian guard.
The expressions "_sire_" and "_majesty_," applied
to the King, suppressed by decree.
Twenty-one committees formed out of the legislative
assembly to transact all business.
Riots at Montpellier.
The pictures of the Palace-royal sold for a million
eight hundred thousand livres.
27. Insurrection in Alsace.
29. Notice given to Monsieur the King's eldest brother,
to return to France, on pain of forfeiture of all
his rights, and confiscation.
One hundred millions of assignats issued.
Disturbances in Artois and Lower Normandy on
account of religious worship.
The archbishop of Ausch, and several bishops,
brought before the tribunals.
30. Insurrections in almost all parts of the kingdom,
on account of the prohibition of religious worship.
Charrier, ex-constituent, and nominated by the
people as successor to the Cardinal de
Rochefoucault, in the archbishoprick (sic) of
Rouen, ashamed of his usurpation, abdicates the
archiepiscopal dignity.
Violent decree against emigrants; the King opposes
his _veto_ to it.
The King refuses his assent also to another equally
violent decree, for the banishment of all the
catholic priests who had not taken the oath
prescribed.
Guimper, the first constitutional see, is taken
possession of by D'Expilly, an ex-constituent,
_i.e_. a member of the last assembly, which had
taken the name of the constituent assembly.
Violent insurrection in the colonies, supposed to
be excited by some of the leading members of the
assembly.
_Nov_. New decree for a civic oath.
In the legislative assembly the answers are read
from foreign powers, relative to the King's
acceptance of the constitution.
Massacres at Caen in Normandy; horrid treatment of
Mons. de Belsunce, a lieutenant-colonel.
Eighty-four persons of consideration thrown into
prison.
10. The Dunkirk carrier assassinated at Paris, and his
letters stolen.
15. The King confined to his apartment, under the guard
of a corporal.
17. Varnier denounced by Bazire, is sent to prison at
Orleans.
Pethion elected mayor of Paris.
18. He goes to the jacobins to thank them for having
obtained his election.
Manuel is appointed procureur syndic of the commune
of Paris (a place next in importance to that of
mayor).
20. Disorders at Montpellier.
25. Delatre committed to prison at Orleans.
26. Chabot enters the King's apartment with his hat on
his head.
Decreed, that non-conforming priests shall not make
use of the churches.
_Dec_. 1. Three hundred millions of small assignats issued.
2. Insurrection at Brest.
6. Malvoisin, and twelve others, imprisoned at
Orleans.
16. Decreed, that every member of the Bourbon family
shall quit France in three days.
M. Loyauté sent to prison at Orleans.
20. Several castles burnt at Sens.
24. Insurrection in the departments of Loir et Cher.
The King goes to the assembly to discuss the
subject of war with foreign powers.
27. Lucknor and Rochambeau made marshals of France, and
with La Fayette appointed to command the armies.
M. de Narbonne goes to visit the frontiers.
Forty soldiers, who had been sent to the galleys,
are set at liberty.
Establishment of a new high national court.
Manuel causes the letters of Mirabeau, which were
found in the mayor's office, to be printed and
sold.
28. The Queen goes to the opera, and is much applauded.
29. Manifesto proposed by M. Condorcet, to acquaint the
world with the sentiments of the French nation, if
it should be forced into war.
31. Decreed, that the ceremonies of New-year's day
shall be abolished.
1792.

_Jan_. 1. Egalité (duke of Orleans) ill received at the
Tuilleries.
5. Massacre of the minister of Chateau-neuf.
Motion of Herault, that foreign powers be required
to forbid the white cockade to be worn by
emigrants.
11. Carra proposes at the Jacobin club, that the crown
of France be offered to the Duke of York.
15. Plan of a decree for declaring war against the
Emperor.
16. Decreed, that Monsieur has forfeited the regency.
Three hundred millions of small assignats issued.
17. Fire and ravages at Port-au-Prince.
Great tumult at Paris on account of the monopoly of
of sugar and coffee.
19. Fire of La-Force.
21. A conforming priest, his wife, and children,
presented to the assembly, and loaded with caresses.
27. Summons to the Emperor, to declare whether or not
he is willing to live in peace with France.
31. Decreed, that all travellers in France must supply
themselves with a passport.
_Feb_. 1. Decreed, that all those shall be imprisoned who
travel under a false name.
Eighty-four prisoners, who were confined in the
castle of Caen, set at liberty.
2. Letter of Manuel to the King beginning with these
words, "I do not love kings".
5. Fires and massacres at St. Domingo.
6. The Abbé Fauchet preaches at the Pantheon.
7. Riots at Paris on account of a false rumour of the
King's flight.
Great fires in the town of Haquenau.
Decreed, that the property of emigrants belongs to
the nation; order for its sequestration.
Riots at Noyon about corn.
Insurrection at Dunkirk.
14. The red bonnet becomes the general fashion.
Assassination at Mount Héri.
Insurrection at the Fauxbourg (sic) St. Marceau, on
account of the scarcity of sugar.
Struggle between the clubs of the Jacobins, and the
Feuillants; the latter so called from a religious
society of that name, at whose house they met.
17. De Lessart denounced by Fauchet.
22. Motion, that no deputy be permitted to go to the
clubs of Jacobins or Feuillants.
28. Treaty of Pilnitz between the Emperor and Prussia.
_March_ 1. Death of the Emperor Leopold II.
3. Seditions at Etampes; Simoneau, the mayor,
assassinated.
De Lessart, minister for foreign affairs, sent to
the prison of Orleans.
15. Death of Gustavus III. king of Sweden.
Total change of the King's ministers.
Decreed, that the King shall pay taxes like all
other persons.
19. Jourdan, and his accomplices at Avignon acquitted.
A new guard begins to do duty about the King.
Roland appointed by the King minister of the
interior department.
Insurrection at Poitou.
The Swiss Cantons demand from France the regiment
of Ernest.
Alienation of the domains of St. Lazare, and of
Mount-Carmel, two orders of knighthood, of which
Monsieur was president.
_April_ 1. Troubles in Provence and Dauphiny.
On the motion of Torne, constitutional bishop of
Bourges, all peculiar religious dresses are
abolished, and all secular congregations.
6. Pethion writes to the 48 sections, inviting them to
give a fête to the liberated soldiers of
Chateau-vieux.
15. A civic fête is given to the above soldiers, who
had been imprisoned for crimes.
16. Riots at the Hotel de Ville in Paris, on account of
the statues of la Fayette and Bailli.
20. The King goes to the national assembly to demand
whether it is willing to declare war.
War declared against the King of Bohemia and
Hungary.
M. de Castellane, bishop of Mendes, sent to prison
at Orleans.
29. The army of Dillon routed near Tournay, and that
general massacred by his own soldiers near
Lisle (sic).
The French routed near Mons under the command of
General Byron.
_May_ 2. Suppression of the military houses of Monsieur and
the Count d'Artois.
6. Desertion of the royal German regiment.
8. Report of the murder of several commissaries.
10. Pethion, in the commune of Paris, presents a
silver sword to Réne Audu, a heroine of the 6th of
October 1789.
Decree concerning prisoners of war.
11. New disorders at Avignon.
12. Desertion of the regiment of Berchini.
13. M. Brival, a deputy, writes to the King to desire
that his cane may be restored to him, which was
taken from him at the gate of the Tuilleries.
Abbé Maury elevated to the dignity of an
archbishop, and appointed nuncio extra-ordinary of
the holy see, to the diet of Ratisbon.
Decree, depriving the brothers of the King of the
million which had been voted to them.
Renewal of the decree for the transportation of
priests, which the King still refuses to sanction.
14. Massacre of the Abbé Figuemont at Mentz.
16. Bavai taken by the Austrians.
24. Much pains taken to prove the existence of
a committee in favour of the Austrians.
27. Discontent in Paris on account of the King's
having a guard.
28. The King is forced to dismiss it.
29. Mareschal (sic) de Brissac, who commanded the
King's guard, sent to prison at Orleans.
30. The first column of the Prussian army arrives at
Frankfort.
_June_ 3. A civic fête in honour of M. Simoneau, mayor of
Etampes, massacred the 3d of March in an
insurrection.
6. Massacre at Brussels.
Reduction of the monies allowed for the pay and
entertainment of the King's ministers.
8. The King refuses to ratify the decree for encamping
20,000 men near Paris.
13. Roland, Claviere, and Servan, dismissed from the
ministry.
Ordered that all pedigrees of nobility be burnt,
and all papers relative thereto.
A number of patriotic gifts to support the
expence (sic) of the war.
The tree of liberty planted in all parts.
20. In order to force the King to sanction some decrees
to which he had given a negative, the people go to
the Tuilleries, break open the gates, and burst
into the apartments. The King conducts himself
with great firmness.
The high national court at Orleans condemns
Monsieur, the Count d'Artois, and the Prince of
Condé, to be beheaded, and their property
consequently to be forfeited.
A new mode adopted for proving births, marriages,
and burials.
26. The department of La Somme offers 200 batallions,
to enforce respect to the King. Several others
make similar offers.
28. La Fayette quits his army, and goes to complain to
the national representatives of party violence.
A petition against Pethion is signed at the houses
of all the notaries.
30. La Fayette returns to the army, and as soon as he
is departed, he is burnt in effigy at the palace
royal.
_July_ 2. Letter of the King to the French armies.
3. Suppression of all the staff-officers of the
national guard of Paris.
4. Decreed, that the nation is in danger.
The Duke of Brunswick arrives at Coblentz.
Distinguishing marks granted to the legislators and
administrators.
6. Dumourier goes to take the command of the army.
7. Pethion, mayor of Paris and Manuel, suspended, but
very soon after restored.
Ministers all changed.
11. A petition against the King signed at the Elysian
fields.
14. Anniversary of the federations observed with
great ceremony.
19. Massacre of M, de Saillant, chef-du-camp de Salés.
20. Proclamation of the King, on the dangers of the
country.
Decree, that the property of emigrants be sold.
Many of the constitutional priests sign a
recantation of their oaths, and not enough are
found to fill the vacant cures.
Massacres at Alais, Bourdeaux, Arles, and in other
places.
28. Decree, obliging people to mount guard under pain
of imprisonment.
Three hundred millions of assignats issued.
M. d'Espemenil, an ex-constituent, is knocked down
and poignarded at the Tuilleries, and with
difficulty saves his life.
30. The Marseillois arrive at Paris; ravages and
cruelties committed by them.
Cockades of ribbands proscribed.
Du Hamel massacred in the street of St. Florentin.
_Aug_. 3. Decreed, that all Frenchmen be armed with pikes.
Invitation to foreigners to come and defend the
land of liberty.
5. Massacre at Toulon of nine members of the
magistracy, under the pretence of aristocracy.
A report is spread about the Tuilleries, that
the King intends to escape.
8. Decreed, by a majority of 426 to 224, that there is
no ground of accusation against La Fayette.
Several members complain of outrages committed on
them, on account of votes they had given.
10. Attack and pillage of the palace of the Tuilleries.
Massacre of the Swiss, and of a great number of the
King's followers. Louis XVI. and his family fly
for safety to the assembly.
Horrible riots and outrages in Paris.
11. Continuation of frightful outrages and murders.
All foreign ambassadors quit France.
12. Roland, Clariere, and Servan, recalled to the
ministry.
Danton appointed minister of justice.
The statues of the King all thrown down.
Servan appointed minister of the war department; de
Monge, of the marine; Clavieres, of finances;
Roland, of the interior; and Le Brun, of foreign
affairs.
The King and his family are all conducted to the
Temple.
14. Several ex-ministers and royalists committed to
prison.
Decreed, that all the administrations of the
kingdom shall be new formed.
15. Persons departing, even with passports, stopped.
17. Establishment of a tribunal for the summary trial
of royalists.
18. The Austrians and Prussians enter the French
territory.
Decree against La Fayette; who, with part of
his staff, quits the army and falls into the
hands of the Austrians, by whom he is detained a
prisoner.
20. Montmorin, ex-minister of foreign affairs,
imprisoned.
22. M. D'Angremont guillotined at the Carouzel (sic).
23. Longwy taken by the Prussians.
24. M. de la Porte, comptroller of the civil list,
guillotined.
25. M. Durozoi, author of the gazette of Paris,
guillotined.
26. A civic festival, in honour of the sans-culottes
who were killed in the affair of the 10th of
August.
Decreed, that all ecclesiastics who have not taken
the national oath, shall be transported. In the
number of these victims were 138 archbishops and
bishops, and sixty-four thousand priests of the
second order.
General Kellerman commands the army of Marshal
Luckner, and Dumourier that of General la Fayette.
27. In a sitting of the jacobins, Manuel causes an oath
to be taken, that every exertion will be used to
purge the earth of the pest of royalty.
30. Domiciliary visits, that is, nightly searches
in the citizens houses, for obnoxious persons.
_Sept_. 1. Letter of the minister Roland, to all the
municipalities, to induce them to agree in finding
the King guilty.
M. Montmorin, governor of Fontainbleau,
although acquitted by the tribunal, is conveyed
back to prison by the people.
2. The city of Verdun is taken by the Prussians.
From the 2d (sic) to the 9th of this month, the
most horrid outrages perpetrated without ceasing,
7605 prisoners, &c. inhumanly murdered, and the
assassins publicly demand their wages. Every house
is a scene of dismay. Massacres and butcheries are
committed in all the prisons and religious houses.
These horrors drive a great number of inhabitants
from Paris.
The Duke de la Rochefoucault, ex-constituent and
president of the department of Paris, is torn to
pieces by the populace.
10. Massacre at Versailles of 53 prisoners from
Orleans, who, it appears, were summoned to Paris
for the express purpose of having them disposed of
in this expeditious manner.
Troops are enrolled for the frontiers.
A camp is formed close to Paris.
13. The French armies fall back towards Chalons.
14. The King accepts the constitution.
15. Decreed, that the King's person is inviolable,
and the crown of France indivisible and hereditary.
16. Robbery of the wardrobe of the crown.
Decree, formally allowing divorces.
18. Philips, of the club of jacobins, presents in a
little box, to the legislative assembly, the heads
of his father and mother, whom his patriotism, as
he said, had just sacrificed.
19. The last sitting of the legislative assembly.