Chapter III (2)

21. Louis is conducted to the scaffold; his behaviour
is steady and dignified, he speaks a few words
protesting his innocence, forgiving his enemies,
and hoping that his death might restore peace to
his wretched country. The commander of the troops
orders the drums and trumpets to strike up, that
his voice might be drowned, and that he should not
proceed. In a minute after this, his head is
severed from his body. A dead silence prevails in
Paris. The places of public amusement and all
shops are shut up. His last will soon after
published.
The minister Roland, after assisting at the King's
execution resigns his office, so do the deputies
Manuel and Kersaint.
24. The remains of Pelletier are placed with great
ceremony in the Pantheon.
The French envoy at Naples demands and obtains an
audience of the King.
The convention decrees, that their army shall
consist of 502,000 men next campaign.
26. Dumourier leaves Paris for the army, with orders to
take Cologne, cost what it may.
Liege determines to unite itself with France.
Paris, who assassinated Pelletier, is arrested, but
shoots himself.
General mourning at London and Madrid for
Louis XVI.
The convention decrees the union of Nice to the
republic of France.
The British ministry signify to Mons. Chauvelin,
who had been ambassador from Louis XVI. that he is
no longer to be considered as such, and must quit
England.
The sections of Paris complain of want of
provisions.
Lanjuinais, speaking against the murders of the 2d
of September, says, that the number of victims,
assassinated that day, amounted to 8,000, others
say 12,000, and the deputy Louvet states them at
28,000.
_Feb_. 1. The Convention declares war against the King of
England, and Stadtholder of Holland.
General Dumourier levies sixty millions of livres
on the abbeys in Brabant.
The nurse of Madame Royale requests permission to
see her in prison, but without success.
Proclamation by the Emperor, to assure to the
Belgians their ancient privileges.
Great debates in the convention about war.
The marines of Rochelle come to swear fidelity to
the convention.
Philip Egalité takes the oath, in quality of high
admiral of France.
The Marseillois leave Paris, and return home.
An engagement takes place at Mayence between the
national guard and the troops of the line, on the
subject of the King's death.
General Bournonville is recalled from the army, and
appointed minister of war.
Dumourier begins to lose ground in the esteem of
the people.
Eight hundred millions of assignats issued.
Citzen (sic) Basseville, secretary of the French
legation, is massacred by the people at Rome.
Chambon quits the mayoralty of Paris, and is
replaced by the ex-minister Pache.
The parliament of England votes for war.
The French take possession of Deux-Ponts; the duke
with difficulty escapes.
Lyons, opposes with energy the murderous plans of
the jacobins.
The Emperor solicits earnestly the triple
contingent from the empire.
New coinage in France, with the legend of
"Republique Francoise. (sic)"
The wife of the Emperor sacrifices some of her rich
ornaments to defray the cost of the war.
General Miranda sends to the convention the
magnificent key of gold, which was given by
Charles III. to the inhabitants of Louvain.
17. The French make an irruption into Holland, take the
fort St. Michel, surround Maestricht, and menace
Breda.
Lyons destroys the jacobin club, and burns the tree
of liberty.
Paris is in great disorder.
Dumourier addresses a proclamation to the Dutch
against the Stadtholder. The States-general answer
it by a manifesto.
Condorcet reads a constitutional act to the
convention; the jacobins reject it.
The national convention of Liege decrees the
destruction of its cathedral.
Marat excites great tumult in the convention.
Venice acknowledges the republic; Bavaria observes
neutrality.
Custine transports the clergy of Mayence who refuse
to take the oath of liberty.
The French bombard Maestricht, which is defended by
the Prince of Hesse-Cassel.
The Grand Duke of Tuscany declares a neutrality
with regard to the French republic.
25. The British troops under the Duke of York sail from
England.
Breda surrenders to the French.
Dumourier bombards Gertruydenberg and Williamstadt
with Dutch artillery.
The Convention decrees that soldiers have a right
to elect their officers. Marat urges this
decree, and strikes in the face several of those
who oppose it, even in the convention.
The Duke of York arrives at the Hague.
The Stadtholder declares he will defend the
republic to the last.
28. The Archduke Charles, the Prince of Cobourg, and
Duke of Wurtemburg, arrive at Duren.
The French merchants offer to send fifty
privateers to sea.
Discourse pronounced in the convention by
Anacharsis Cloots, on universal fraternity.
Riots in Paris at the houses of the bakers and
grocers.
Brussels desires, and obtains an union with France.
Revolution in Geneva after the French example.
The convention encourages addresses from all
quarters on the death of the tyrant.
Decreed, that the troops of the line shall form but
one body with the national guards.
All treaties of commerce and alliance, with powers
at war, are annulled.
The convention requires 300,000 men to
compleat (sic) their armies.
_March_ 1. Prince Cobourg beats the French near Altenhover.
The British troops land at Fort Ecluse.
The Austrians retake Aix-la-Chapelle.
Proclamation of Dumourier, to stir up the
inhabitants of Liege, Belgium, and Holland.
2. Carra denounces the farmers-general.
Deputy Rhul moves, that the property of foreign
princes be put up to sale.
3. The French raise the siege of Maestricht, and
besiege Williamstadt without success. They
4. are beaten at Tongres by the Prussians.
Gertruydenberg surrenders to Gen. Dumourier.
Zurich, Bern, and other Swiss cantons acknowledge
the French republic.
Manuel accuses the jacobins (sic) of all the evils
since the revolution.
Dumourier imposes 120,000 florins upon the city of
Antwerp.
War declared against Spain.
5. The bloody capture of Liege by the Austrians.
Taking of Ruremond.
The Prussians gain some advantage near Mayence.
Upon the motion of Danton, it is decreed, that a
revolutionary-criminal tribunal be established.
All persons imprisoned for debt are released by the
convention.
Prince Cobourg requires from Liege six hundred
thousand florins.
Arrival of 14,000 Hanoverians in the Low-Countries.
The commune of Paris hoists a black flag, as a sign
of extreme danger to the country.
General Miranda imprisoned in chains at Brussels.
9. Dantzig submits itself to the King of Prussia.
Dumourier conveys to Lisle the treasures of the
churches of Brussels.
He stops the first commissioners of the convention,
and sends them to Paris; he reviews his troops at
Brussels, and marches to the enemy.
Robespierre demands that all despots be overturned,
and that liberty be established on the ruin of all
aristocracies.
Monsieur, regent of France, creates the Count
d'Artois lieutenant-general of the kingdom.
Decreed, that the palace of St. Cyr, near
Versailles, be destroyed.
Decreed, that plate be considered as merchandize.
La Source inveighs bitterly against the English
government.
It is calculated, that 150 divorces take place,
every month in Paris since the decree.
Dumourier causes the plate to be restored to the
churches of Belgium, of which they had been
plundered.
Buzot declaims in the tribune against the despotism
of the convention.
10. Epoch of the counter-revolutions in La Vendée.
The French abandon the siege of Williamstadt.
The Austrian advanced guard enters Tirlemont, but
are obliged again to evacuate it.
16. The States-general reward the garrison of
Williamstadt for their gallant defence.
17. The French and Austrian armies drawn up in order of
battle all day opposite to each other.
18. Bloody battle of Neerswinde, which lasts the whole
day. The French wholly defeated.
19. The battle of Tirlemont; General Valence wounded,
and the French routed.
Dumourier suspected of treason at Paris.
23. Battle of Louvain between the French and Austrians.
The Prussians approach Mayence.
Dumourier demands a truce of six days to evacuate
the Low Countries.
The Empire declares war against France, in
consequence of a resolution of the diet of
Ratisbon.
The Austrians enter Louvain. Prince Cobourg
refuses a truce to Dumourier.
The Duke Frederick of Brunswick quits the army on
account of his health.
The Prussians approach Mayence.
General Santerre solicits a discharge from the
command of the troops of Paris, that he may have
leisure to attend to the affairs of his brewery.
Chenier proposes an oaken crown as a reward for
republican generals.
Duhem complains to the convention, that the vessel
of state is near foundering.
Garat passes from the office of minister of justice
to that of the interior.
Discourse of Danton, to rouse the people en masse
(in a body.)
A constitutional priest, commanding a battalion,
begs the convention to preserve his rectory for him
whilst he goes to the frontiers.
The inhabitants of Frankfort write to Custine, that
they are not willing to receive the French
government.
Insurrection at Orleans.
24. The Austrians enter Brussels and Mechlin.
The Prussians pass the Rhine at St. Goar.
26. Antwerp submits to the Austrians.
The statue of Prince Charles of Loraine, which the
insurgents overturned, is restored.
27. Namur and Mons evacuated by the French.
The Archduke Charles appointed governor of the Low
Countries.
Danton proposes to the convention, that all
citizens be justified to kill any persons who are
hostile to the revolution, wherever they may find
them.
29. The Austrians enter Ghent.
At the end of this month, all Brabant has returned
to the dominion of the Emperor.
Tumults and plunders in private houses at Paris.
The convention summons Dumourier to its bar.
The French are driven out of Worms, and Spires.
_April_ 2. The convention sends Bournonville, the minister of
war, with four commissioners to arrest Dumourier;
but he, apprized of their intentions, seizes them,
and delivers them to the Prince of Cobourg.
Dumourier sends General Miaczinski to secure Lisle,
but he is suspected, and arrested there.
The French evacuate Breda and Gertruydenberg.
Dumourier, accompanied by Gen. Valance, and two
sons of Philip Egalité, together with some
regiments and the military chest, passes over to
the Austrians.
This step of Dumourier induces the convention to
declare itself permanent.
The German princes and nobles, who were detained
prisoners at Landau, are conveyed to Paris as
hostages for the commissioners who are kept by the
Austrians.
Domiciliary visits are recommended at Paris.
Mons. de Blanchland, governor of St. Domingo, is
guillotined at Paris, and dies with extraordinary
firmness.
Great congress held at Antwerp by the chiefs of the
allied armies.
Decreed, that henceforward commissioners shall
remain with the armies, and be invested with powers
unlimited.
Philip Egalité, his third son, his sister, and the
Prince of Conti (sic), conducted prisoners to
Marseilles.
The commune of Vernon is unwilling to suffer
Madame d'Orleans to depart, on account of her ill
heath, and they promise to answer with their lives
for their benefactress and friend.
The Prussians prepare for the siege of Mayence.
The creditors of Egalité fix his annual allowance
at about 8000l. a year. His income is said to have
been between three and four hundred thousand a
year.
Gen. Dampierre forms the camp of Famars, the French
having retired from Holland.
Great debates in the convention on the subject of a
petition from 35 sections of Paris, against the
chiefs of the Mountain.
The English take the island of Tobago.
General Miaczinski, Compte (sic) d'Arenberg, and le
Compte Linanges, sent to the Abbaye at Paris, to
answer for the safety of the commissioners.
12. A long and violent tumult in the convention,
because the members come intoxicated.
13. Marat escapes from prison, and writes an insulting
letter to the convention; decree of accusation
against him.
15. Thirty-five sections of Paris demand the deposition
of Brissot, and twenty other members of the
convention.
Marat remains concealed, but his journal appears
every day.
Weissenau is destroyed by heavy artillery;
Dampierre makes a vigorous resistance. A battle
between Valenciennes and Condé.
The garrison of Lisle makes a powerful sortie.
Dumourier is allowed no part in the operations
against France; at Frankfort he publishes his
contempt for Egalité, and respect for his sons.
21. The Elector of Mayence addresses a letter of thanks
to his subjects. The bishop of Liege returns to
his dominions.
The French make themselves masters of Mont-Beliard.
America declares for neutrality.
Count d'Artois goes to Petersburgh (sic).
The Spaniards obtain considerable advantages near
Perpignan.
The royalists of La Vendée publish a manifesto,
against whom the convention orders twenty thousand
men to march.
Treaty between Great-Britain and Russia; another
between Great-Britain and Sardinia.
Great disorders at Marseilles and Aix.
28. The archduke Charles makes a solemn entry into
Brussels, as governor-general of the Low Countries;
400 citizens draw his coach.
Kellerman deposed from his command by the
convention.
The Emperor reproaches the Elector of Bavaria with
his neutrality, in a remarkable note.
Engagement between the French and Austrians near
Landau.
Dampierre declares that only 800 men accompanied
Dumourier.
Marat suffers himself to be conducted to prison.
The revolutionary tribunal acquits Marat; he is
conducted in triumph to the convention by the mob,
who force themselves into the seats of the members.
The commissioners of the convention, at Marseilles,
are obliged to fly.
The French make a brisk sally from Mayence.
An insurrection at Breslau, raised by a taylor,
(sic) and not suppressed without cannon.
30. Decreed, that the revolutionary tribunal shall be
suspended till the 1st of June next.
_May_ 1. Dampierre gives a bloody battle, to keep up a
communication between Condé and Valenciennes.
Deputies from Nantes require support from the
convention; they announce, that the war of La
Vendée has already cost the lives of 2000 patriots.
3. The King of Prussia, after several bloody fights,
with various success, drives the French from
Costheim.
Sallies are made every day from Valenciennes; Gen.
Mack is wounded in the arm.
Great fire in the port and magazines of
l'Orient (sic).
Twelve hundred millions of assignats issued.
Melancholy accounts laid before the convention, of
the wretched state of the interior parts of France.
6. Houchard attacks the Austrians near Landau.
The garrison of Mayence, and the camp of Famars,
make a sally; a number of men killed.
8. A warm attack at Costheim.
A battle also at Longwy.
This day was a day of general fighting, in all the
armies.
9. General Dampierre dies of his wounds. Lamarche
takes the temporary command.
10. The convention holds its first sitting in the hall
of the Tuilleries, now called the National Palace.
Battle of Hasnon. The convention is disposed to
grant to Dampierre the honour of the Pantheon; but
Danton proposed, and carried a decree, that no one
should obtain that honour till 20 years after his
death.
7. Custine is appointed general of the northern army.
The elector of Bavaria renounces his neutrality,
and orders his contingent of troops march.
General Miranda is acquitted by the revolutionary
tribunal; and receives a civic crown from the
people.
General Valence, who had gone over to the Austrians
with Dumourier, is ordered to quit the states of
the empire.
Interrogatory of Philip Egalité at Marseilles.
The popular tribunal, of Marseilles suspended,
because it was become more adverse to the jacobins
since the arrival of the Bourbons.
General Miaczinski condemned to death by the
revolutionary tribunal.
Santerre sent against the royalists of La Vendée.
Kellerman recovers the esteem of the convention,
and is employed again in the armies.
17. Custine attacks the Austrians near Landau with
30,000 men, and forces them to retire.
General Wurmser repasses the Rhine.
Every day there are skirmishes near Mayence.
Miaczinski is executed--his depositions against
Pethion, Gensonnet, and others, not being proved.
23. The allies attack the camp of Famars, and the whole
line from Orchies to Maubeuge. A bloody action
during the whole day. The French secretly during
the night abandoned the camp of Famars.
Riots in Paris, on account of the arrest of Hebert,
compiler of a gazette called Le-Pere-du-Chesne.
Count d'Artois joins his brother at Ham.
It appears that six patriotic merchants of Holland
had promised Dumourier four millions of florins,
provided he conquered the country.
Le Gendre proposes to exclude from the convention
all who voted for the appeal to the people.
The two parties in the convention come to actual
blows; and confusion and disorder continue for
three hours.
The anti-jacobins obtain the upper hand at Lyons,
and 400 persons are sacrificed.
25. Marat insults the convention. Decreed, that any
member who shall call another villain, or
conspirator, or such-like names, shall be expelled
the convention. Marat instantly violates this law.
Great tumults.
26. All printing-offices and presses, not in the
interest of the jacobins, such as those of Brissot,
Condorcet, Pru de l'Homme, Rabaut, &c. are
destroyed.
27. The elector of Bavaria, after receiving the
Emperor's note, becomes active; a part of his army
marches to Mayence.
30. Hebert is set at liberty. The French from Landau
make an effort to deliver Mayence.
A bold sally is made from Mayence. Prince Louis,
son of Prince Ferdinand, makes a vigorous
resistance. The jacobins are victorious in Paris.
100,000 citizens are under arms all night. The
tocsin (alarm bell) is ringing all day.
The forty-eight sections of Paris demand an act of
accusation against twenty members; among whom are,
Pethion, Brissot, Barbaroux, Chambon, Gorsas,
Guadet, Lanjuinais, Verniaud, &c. Six escape, and
among them is Brissot. Madame Roland is arrested;
her husband not to be found.
The convention in horrible tumult; and the
president (Isnard) unable to calm it, breaks up the
sitting. The result of this famous day was to
devote twenty-two members to the guillotine, to
declare forty-one out of the protection of the law,
and to imprison seventy-one.
_June_. A legion of French gentlemen sails from England to
Ostend.
A party of male and female negroes are presented to
the convention.
The generals of the French armies are as follows:
Custine commands the army of the North at Bouchain;
Houchard that of the Moselle, at Sar Louis;
Beauharnols, the army of the Rhine, at Wissenbourg;
Kellerman, that of the Alps, at Chamberry; Brunet,
that of Italy, at Nice; De Flers, that of the
Eastern Pyrenees, at Bayonne; Biron, the army of
the coasts of Nantes, at Nantes; and Wimpfer, that
of the coasts of Cantal, at Bayeux.
7. The royalists in La Vendée obtain considerable
advantages.
Baron Trenck becomes a jacobin.
9. A bloody battle near Arlon. The French very
numerous. General Schroeder forced to retreat.
Arlon pillaged by the French.
Discussion in the convention about a forced loan of
a milliard of livres.
The Prince of Waldec killed in an attack near Lisle
at the head of the Dutch.
Severe complaints from most of the departments
about the sitting of the 31st of May.
Saumur and Angers taken by the royalists.
13. Manifesto from the Marseilleois to the French
republicans against the convention.
14. The departments of Eure and Calvados declare that
the convention is not free.
The club of jacobins is shut up at Aix.
De-Ferraris, general of artillery, begins to
bombard Valenciennes.
The Prussians open trenches before Mayence.
Marat returns to the convention after a fortnight's
voluntary suspension.
Plan of a republican constitution read.
18. The revolutionary tribunal sends eighteen persons
to the guillotine.
General Wimpfer loses the confidence of the
convention, on account of the disorders in
Calvados.
19. The news reaches London of a naval action on the
18th of April between the French and English.
The army of the Emperor is stated to amount to
225,274 men, exclusive of artillery and the staffs.
Des-Forges nominated minister of foreign affairs.
Count Byland executed.
Dumourier arrives in London. He is ordered to
leave England immediately, but in terms of
civility.
The royalists under Gaston suffer great losses near
Nantes.
20. Deputies assemble at Grenoble to give a judgment
upon the proceedings of the convention on the 31st
of May.
Ferrand, commandant of Valenciennes, exerts himself
by every means to prevent the inhabitants from
desiring to surrender.
Decree of accusation against Wimpfer.
23. Pethion and Lanjuinais escape. Decree of accusation
against Brissot.
The cathedral of Mayence burnt down; the Prussians
summon the city to surrender.
The Imperialists take Weissenau.
_July_ 1. The Queen is informed that she must separate
herself from her son, whose education is committed
to Simon, a shoemaker.
Barrere reports to the assembly, that an
insurrection has taken place in Corsica.
8. Condorcet is denounced by Chabot.
Buzot, Barbaroux, Gorsas, Lanjuinais, &c. are
declared traitors. Some other members are decreed
to be in accusation.
General Sandos is delivered to the revolutionary
tribunal.
Biron is accused of incivism.
The French are forced to evacuate the camp of
Caesar on the Scheldt.
Condé surrenders by capitulation to his Imperial
Majesty.
Insurrection at Lyons, and in several other
departments.
Declaration by the chiefs of the royal and
catholick army of La Vendée.
Admiral Truguet complains to the convention of the
ill state of the marine.
12. Charlotte Corday assassinates Marat; he is buried
with great ceremony in the Pantheon.
Charlotte Corday is executed.
14. The republicans in La Vendée are defeated by the
royalists.
Deputies from St. Domingo complain of ravages by
the commissioners Polverel and Santonax, who are
declared to be in accusation.
Rigorous decree against Corsica. General Paoli
declared a traitor.
The royalists continue their successes.
23. Mayence surrenders to the Prussians.
D'Arnaud-Baculard, an eminent writer, is
guillotined for having lodged an emigrant in his
house.
Decreed, that every soldier shall suffer death who
shall throw away his arms to fly from an enemy.
Decree of accusation against Gen. Custine.
27. General D'Oyre, the commandant of Mayence during
the siege, and all his staff, put under arrest by
the convention.
Valenciennes surrenders to the Duke of York. The
Prince of Cobourg takes possession of it for the
Emperor.
29. Tremendous hail-storms at Paris.
General Custine is sent to the Abbaye.
Decreed, that every 10th of August shall be
celebrated as the festival of the unity and
indivisibility of the republic.
Ordered, that every knight of St. Louis shall
deposit his cross in his municipality.
Decreed, that no assignats, with the late King's
effigy, under the value of 100 livres, shall have
in future any value, but be received only at
present in payment of taxes.
Decreed, that all strangers in France, especially
English, be committed to prison.
Decreed, that all forests and all crops of corn in
La Vendée be burnt.
Decreed, that every vestige of royalty be
destroyed.
Decreed, that the trial of the Queen be commenced.
Decreed, that a camp of 300,000 men be formed
between Valenciennes and Paris.
The invention of the telegraph laid before the
convention.
The effects of the India company seized and sealed.
The members of the revolutionary tribunal doubled,
in order that they may be able to go through
business more expeditiously.
31. Engagement between the republicans and Sardinians.
Motion by Danton, to pass a national sponge over
the enormous number of assignats.
_Aug_. 1. The convention regulates an uniformity of weights
and measures in the republic.
It denounces to all Europe the government of
England.
Ordered, that the Queen be sent to the ordinary
prison of the Conciergerie, and given up to the
revolutionary tribunal.
Chambon moves, that all castles be erased from the
face of the republic.
2. A fire in the arsenal of Huningen.
7. Decreed, that Pitt is the enemy of the human race.
8. All academics and literary societies, which had
been established by letters patent, suppressed by
decree.
A colossal statue of liberty is erected in the
place of that of Louis XV.
14. The new constitution accepted by the fedérés.
Decreed, upon the motion of Barrere, that the
nation will repair in mass to the frontiers; this
was the origin of requisitions.
18. The battle of Lincelles in favour of the allies.
The army of the convention enters Marseilles, after
dispersing the few troops which that city had
raised to oppose it.
Decree for a plan of education purely republican.
The convention charges its commissioners to spare
nothing to reduce Lyons, which is in a state of
rebellion.
A child appears at the bar of the convention,
saying, that instead of preaching up one self-made
God, the convention had established gods in the
principles of equality and the rights of man.
28. Custine is guillotined, at Paris.
Lord Hood addresses a proclamation to the Southern
provinces of France.
Lord Hood takes possession of Toulon, by agreement
with the chief men and inhabitants of the city, in
the name of Louis XVII.
Action between the Spaniards and the French under
Dagobert, in which the former lose their camp.
29. The Spaniards obtain advantages over another army
of the French towards the Western Pyrenees.
Within the last six months, twenty-seven generals
of the republican armies have been disgraced or
accused; of whom, five destroyed themselves, three
perished on the scaffold, and fourteen deserted to
the enemy.
30. Motion to imprison the wives and children of
emigrants.
Motion of Danton to cause the expence of the war to
fall upon merchants and the wealthy.
_ Sept_. 3. Declaration of war by the King of Naples against
the French republic.
Poland is obliged to yield to the treaty of
partition proposed by Prussia.
Decreed, that every administrator of public
accounts, and every national agent shall give in an
exact statement of his fortune previous to the year
1791.
Le Brun and Claviere, ex-ministers, are deivered to
the revolutionary tribunal.
Energetic address from the convention to the French
people, respecting the treason at Toulon.
Decreed, that all foreign property in France,
especially English, shall be sequestered.
The convention resolves that new commissioners be
sent to St. Domingo, in the room of Polverel and
Santonax.
The Vendean generals write to the Count d'Artois,
inviting him to put himself at their head.
11. The city of Quesnoy surrenders to the Imperialists.
Robespierre declares to the convention, that the
country is in extreme danger.
The republicans are defeated at Chantonnay by the
royalists.
12. The Dutch are defeated at Menin.
The Duke of York is forced to raise the siege of
Dunkirk.
General Dumerbian, of the army in Italy, is
arrested.
Engagement between the royalists and republicans.
The Duke de Bethune-Charost arrested.
14. The French attack the combined armies in different
points near Weissembourg without any thing
decisive.
The Duke de Nivernois and other considerable
persons arrested.
Duhem states to the convention, that its
philanthropy cost France 120,000 persons last year.
The number of vessels found in Toulon by the
English was twenty-two ships of the line and five
frigates.
15. Decreed, that every young man from 18 to 25 must
immediately join the army.
Menin retaken by General Beaulieu.
17. The French fail in their attempt to pass the Rhine
at Huningen.
Decreed, that all former nobles and relations of
emigrants, shall be considered as suspected, and be
imprisoned.
Engagement between the Spaniards and French; the
former retire with loss.
18. The royalists near Saumur take the flying artillery
of the republicans.
19. The siege of Lyons is commenced.
Decreed, that all women shall carry tickets of
civism, and wear a three-coloured cockade.
Collot d'Herbois proposes to seize and bury all
counter-revolutionists under the land of liberty,
by means of mines.
Barrere proposes to banish all those who are averse
to republican government.
20. Decreed, that the vulgar aera (sic) be abolished,
and that a new manner be adopted of dividing days
and years, to be called the Republican Calendar.
The French attack the Duke of Brunswick, and are
repulsed near Bitche; several actions take place in
consequence.
21. Decreed, that no produce or manufacture of England
shall be imported into France or the colonies, but
in French bottoms; nor foreign ships convey the
commodities of France from one French port to
another, under pain of confiscation.
22. A great number of persons of distinction arrested.
The King of Prussia leaves his army, and returns to
Berlin.
The Prussians make the French to retreat in the
dutchy (sic) of Deux-ponts.
Two thousand millions of assignats issued.
29. Prince Cobourg passes the Sambre, and invests
Maubeuge.
Decreed that all fathers and mothers shall inform
where their children, in a state of requisition,
are concealed.
Barrere proposes, that as the French nation has
proclaimed liberty to the earth, it should proclaim
liberty also to the sea.
Madame Du Barry, General Houchard, General
Quetinau, and Marshal Luckner, are prisoners in the
Abbaye.
The Duchesses of Grammont and of Chatelet, with
many other nobles, are imprisoned in the Hotel de
la Force.
The number of prisoners in Paris is 2560.
The Queen remains in a dungeon of the Conciergerie,
her trial not yet commenced; nor that of the
deputies, who were put out of the protection of the
law. Brissot, and others, taken and carried to
Paris.
_Oct_. 1. The French obtain a victory over the Sardinians in
the Tarentaise, and in Maurienne. On the side of
Saorgio, the Sardinians have some advantages over
the French.
A great number of members are arrested in the very
convention, and delivered to the revolutionary
tribunal.
Drouet, who stopped the King at Varennes, falls
into the hands of the Austrians.
The constitutional bishop of Derdogne (sic)
presents his new wife to the convention.
6. Gorsas, a member of the convention, is arrested in
the Palais Royal, and guillotined in 24 hours.
Disgrace of Generals Houchard, Schomberg, and
Landremont, who are replaced by Jourdan, Delmas,
and Moreau.
Thuriot complains to the convention, that Jourdan
is appointed to a command, and enjoys public
confidence; a man of blood, fire, and pillage,
whose name posterity will not read without horror.
The national agent, Hebert, reduces the prisoners
in the temple to the strictest regimen; the Queen
is served on pewter.
8. The allies gain considerable advantages over the
French at Toulon.
Cambon proposes to discredit specie in order to
raise the value of assignats.
Billaud Varennes proposes the immediate trial of
the Queen.
Arrest of all the members of the constituent
assembly, who protested against the constitution of
1791.
Republican women appear at the bar of the
convention, declaring that they, as well as men,
are conscious of their rights, and know how to
resist oppression.
8. Lyons, after some days of siege, is forced to
submit. Barrere moves, that the city be destroyed,
and that a column be erected on the spot, with
these words engraven on it, "Lyons waged war
against liberty; Lyons is no more."
13. The allies make themselves masters of the Strong
and famous lines of Weissembourg. Lauterbourg
surrenders to them next day.
All monuments of former Kings who were buried at
St. Denis, are destroyed by order of the
convention.
15. The Queen appears at the bar of the revolutionary
tribunal; Fouquier, the public accuser, reads the
list of injuries and grievances with which she is
charged, and immediately obtains a sentence of
death against her; she hears it with downcast eyes,
and without uttering a word.
16. Marie Antoinette of Austria, Queen of France, is
conveyed in a cart to the place of execution, her
hands tied behind her back, and with her back to
the horse's tail. She mounted the scaffold
quickly, amidst acclamations of the people, which
excited only a smile of pity in her. She looked
earnestly at the Tuilleries, and seemed to dwell
upon the place where her children were; before she
was fastened to the guillotine, she threw her eyes
up to heaven, and Soon after her head was severed
from her body.
Decreed, that the money of France be changed into
francs of gold and of silver, and into republicans.
Work-houses established to prevent begging.
General Ferrand, writing to the convention an
account of his exploits in Arragon and Catalonia,
says, that he expects to plant the tree of liberty
on the walls of Madrid next campaign.
Prince Cobourg, attacked by the French, raises the
siege of Maubeuge, and repasses the Sambre.
17. The French are successful in Piedmont.
It is announced to the convention, that the
intruding bishop of Moulins officiated in a red
bonnet, and with a pike instead of the cross and
mitre.
Every external sign of religion is abolished. The
inscription on burying places is, "that death is
"only an eternal sleep."
22. André Dumont informs the convention from Abbeville,
that he was making the cross and crucifix to
disappear. "I shall comprehend in my proscription
"all those black animals called priests."
The convention orders, that the news of the
conquest of La Vendée be sent to all the
departments.
24. The royalists again appear, and gain great
advantage over the republicans.
Decreed, that every city which surrenders without
standing one assault shall be razed to the ground.
Permission granted to women to regulate their
fortune, as well as their husbands.
The number of prisoners in Paris amounts to 4000.
The French attack the allies for six days
successively; always bringing up fresh troops;
constantly repulsed, they still return and take
possession of the post, if possible, at any
expence.
27. New decree against priests.
The French lose 3000 men in two actions; one
against Wurmser, and a second against the
Prussians.
The royalists of La Vendée compleatly (sic) defeat
the French republicans.
The French, who had taken Menin, Courtray, Furnes,
who besieged Nieuport, and threatened Ostend, are
obliged to retire, and evacuate all they had got in
Brabant.
The commissioners at Lyons write, that 800 workmen
are labouring to demolish the city, pursuant to an
order of the convention. Lyons was the second city
of France.
30. The Duke of York retakes Marchiennes, and makes
1629 prisoners.
31. Twenty-one members of the convention guillotined in
37 minutes, viz. Brissot, Verniaud, Duprat, Valaze,
Gensonnet, Le Hardy, Ducos, Boyer, Fonfrede,
Boileau, Gardier, Du Chastel, Sillery, Fauchet,
Duperret, La Source, Carra, Beauvais, Mainville,
Antiboul, Végée, and La Case.
The royalists of La Vendée take the island of
Noirmoutier.
_Nov_. 1. Egalité conveyed from Marseilles to the prison of
the Conciergerie in Paris.
A column of Vendeans passes the Loire at Ancenis.
Two actions between the Spaniards and French; the
latter lose between five and six thousand men.
A member proposes to guillotine all farmers and
labourers that monopolize.
Decreed, that all lead, iron, copper, and bells of
churches, shall be applied to the use of the war.
The British ambassador presses the Grand Duke of
Tuscany to join the allies.
Decreed, that natural children shall share
inheritances equally with legitimate; provided the
parents have no other husband or wife.
Spoils and plunder of the churches are daily sent
to the convention.
The grand master of Malta takes part with the
allies against France.
Philip Egalité (formerly Duke of Orleans) is
guillotined upon the scaffold to which he brought
his unfortunate King.
Lidon, a member of the convention, shoots himself.
Complaints from all parts of want of bread. The
inhabitants declare they have only a quarter of a
pound of bread each a day.
Bailly, first mayor of Paris, guillotined.
General Beaulieu defeats the French, and forces
them to retreat to Philipville.
Ordered, that farmers of the national domains pay
their rents in kind.
Some persons are ordered to take away by night the
shrine of St. Genevieve, the patroness of Paris,
and whom the Parisians always respected peculiarly;
it is carried to the Mint.
7. Gabet and his constitutional clergy renounce in the
convention the sacerdotal character.
Madame Roland is condemned to death and executed
the same day, with five municipal officers of
Pont-de-Ce.
11. Festival of Reason, in the cathedral of Paris.
A woman is appointed to receive the homage there
which is denied to the Deity.
12. The royalists of La Vendée continue their
successes.
The Piedmontese still unsuccessful, losing their
camp and stores at La Magdeleine.
The national vengeance is at length glutted with
the blood of the inhabitants of Lyons; between 2
and 3000 persons have been massacred by tying them
together, and firing upon them with case-shot; and
the sabre finished those whose wounds were not
mortal.
Fort-Louis surrenders to the allies. 200 persons
are guillotined at Strasbourg for hesitating to pay
their proportion of a sum ordered to be raised in
that city within 24 hours.
Collot d'Herbois and Foucher, commissioners at
Lyons, write, that the work of destruction goes on
too slow. Mines and fires are necessary to forward
the demolition of so great a city.
The allies make a sally from Toulon, kill 2000
French, destroy the works, and take eleven pieces
of cannon.
Manuel and Cassy, members of the convention, and
Generals Houchard and Brunet, are guillotined.
18. Thuriot, Chabot, Bazire, L'Aunay, all deputies, are
imprisoned. Chamfont cuts his throat. Several
actions near Bitche, between the French and
Prussians; the latter are forced to retire.
On the other hand the French lose 8000 men in an
action against Wurmser.
The Sardinians after two actions are forced to
retreat.
Monsieur Lavordy, formerly comptroller of finances,
guillotined.
26. The Vendéans beat the republicans, and take the
post of Austrain.
The Sardinians under General Brentano repulse the
French.
The Spaniards obtain a victory.
Chambon, member of the convention, mayor of Paris
at the King's massacre, is put out of the
protection of the law, and killed by the
inhabitants of Tulle, among whom he had taken
refuge.
Gen. La Morbiere is guillotined.
27. The royalists of La Vendée take several towns in
Brittany; on the 19th they take Granville, but
evacuate it.
Barnave, a deputy to the first assembly, one of
the, authors of the revolution, and Duport, then
minister of justice, guillotined.
29. Project to erect a monument upon the Pont-Neuf,
representing the people as giants.
The convention receives from all parts the letters
of priesthood from the intruders.
Decreed, that a municipal officer with a red bonnet
shall inter the dead.
Robespierre declaims against the eagerness with
which they set about the work of destroying
religion.
A deputation of women appears at the bar with the
red bonnet.
Decree, offering rewards to every abjuring priest.
At Rochefort and other cities the pictures and
books of the churches are burned.
St. Domingo taken by the English.
The orator of the students of the republican school
comes to the bar, to assure the convention that he
and his comrades detest God.
Remonstrances of Mr. Drake, the British minister,
to the Senate of Genoa on the subject of
neutrality.
A member informs the convention that ten thousand
firelocks are made in Paris daily.
Decreed, that a colossal statue be erected in Paris
46 feet high, with the rights of man and the
constitutional act for a pedestal.
Furious declamation of Robespierre against the
British government.
30. General O'Hara, commander at Toulon, taken prisoner
by the French.
The inhabitants of Marly send to the convention all
the precious effects of the palace of Marly, and
all the iron of the famous works of that place.
Decreed, that all the lakes and marshes of the
republic be dried, and sowed with grain of various
sorts.
_Dec_. 1. The Jacobins of Nantes drown 90 priests destined
for Guiana, by sinking the ship in which they were
embarked.
Madame du Barry, the Duke Chatelet, the two
Rabauts, members of the convention, Kersaint and
Noel, members also, are all guillotined. The
ex-minister Claviere kills himself in prison.
One hundred and fifty persons guillotined at
Dunkirk.
The festival of an ass celebrated at Lyons, in
derision of religious worship.
Collot d'Herbois informs the convention of the
massacres which he has executed at Lyons.
The right wing of the Austrian army takes 1200
prisoners, and kills 1700.
The Prince of Condé takes 7 cannon, and kills 1300
men.
The Duke of Brunswick kills takes and (sic) 6000
men.
3. Wurmser defeats the army opposed to him, kills
10,000, and makes 5,000 prisoners.
4. The French evacuate Deux-Ponts, having lost immense
numbers of men and of artillery.
Raymond le Veuve is guillotined at Bourdeaux (sic).
The French attack the Austrian and Prussian armies
almost daily, and are constantly repulsed with
loss.
11. The French, notwithstanding their constant losses
continue to attack the lines of the allies. They
lose 5000 in an attack near Haguenau.
Valadi is discovered and guillotined.
12. The royalists are defeated with great loss near
Mans.
In an action near La Guerche, the Vendéans kill
7000 republicans, and take their artillery.
Birateau, member of the convention, guillotined at
Bourdeaux.
The festival of reason celebrated in all cities of
France, as in Paris.
Madame de Villette, niece of Voltaire, dies on the
scaffold.
14. The French make an attack on the posts of the
allies on the side of Courtray, and are repulsed.
The general, with his aid-du-camp (sic) and staff
to the number of 25, are arrested at Lisle.
16. The French again attack the lines of Gen. Wurmser,
and are again repulsed with great loss.
18. The royalists of La Vendée are again victorious
near Concale.
Toulon is retaken by the republicans, its name is
changed on the motion of Barrere, to that of the
"Port of the Mountain."
Letter of Chabot from the prison of the Luxemburg
to the convention.
20. The Duke of Brunswick, near Weissembourg defeats
the French army, kills 10,000, and takes their camp
and baggage with 47 pieces of artillery.
Rejoicings in Paris on account of the retaking of
Toulon.
The French, after having so often attacked the
allies with great loss, and returned as often to
harrass (sic) them still, at length carry their
point. They take 16 cannon, kill 500 men, and
recover the strong lines of Weissembourg.
27. The allies raise the siege of Landau.
1794.
_Jan_. 1. The representatives of the people, in order to get
rid of prisoners in La Vendée direct that all of
them be thrown into the Loire.
2. The island of Noirmoutier is retaken by the
republicans; 800 royalists are killed and 1200 are
made prisoners.
3. The old marshal Luckner, and the son of General
Custine, guillotined.
4. Eight hundred emigrants perish in crossing the
Rhine.
The States of Brabant require great contributions
for the expence of the war.
Bourdon de L'Oise complains, that the minister is
still too monarchical, and he demands that one
purely republican be appointed.
The Prince of Talmond, one of the chiefs of the
royalists, is taken by the republicans near
Fougeres. The remains of his army joins the
Chouans.
The Chouans, who now begin to be distinguished, are
so called from two brothers, gentlemen of that
name, who were particularly active in levying
troops in Brittany for the service of the
royalists.
6. Mons. d'Espremenil, a counsellor of the parliament
of Paris, and an ex-constituent, thrown into
prison.
General Cartaux sent to the Conciergerie.
Chambon, comptroller of finances, complains that
printing the names of emigrants on large paper is
too expensive, and moves that the small octavo be
used.
Decree of accusation against Roncin and Rossignol,
generals of the republic in La Vendée.
The revolutionary tribunal of Lyons, to please the
people, burns in effigy the Emperor, the Kings of
England, Spain, Prussia, and Sardinia, Mr. Pitt,
and the Pope. The city of Toulon is also burnt in
the representation of a woman.
La Mourette, intruding bishop of Lyons, guillotined.
Herbert is convicted of having received from the
national treasury, for his journal "Le Pere du
Chesne," in June 1793, 123,000 livres, and in
October 60,000 livres.
11. Thomas Payne and Anacharsis Cloots imprisoned in
the Luxemburg.
Ordered by the jacobin club of Paris, that all
sarcasms and philippics, uttered in their tribune
against the government and constitution of England,
be printed and sent to the patriots in the three
kingdoms.
The convention decrees, that all inscriptions on
monuments shall be in the French language.
Decreed, that all property real and personal of the
farmers-general shall belong to the nation.
Pondicherry surrenders to the British.
The president of the convention reads a letter from
Vitré. "The souls of most of the royalists have
"been sent to the Eternal Father; we are every day
"destroying the Chouans, those infernal banditti."
The French are active in restoring the lines of
Weissembourg to cover the siege of Fort-Louis.
The Baron Latude guillotined; he had lived many
years in the Bastille, and was called the proof and
victim of despotism.
The committee of public safety remove Simon, the
shoemaker, from the office of tutor and preceptor
to the son of Louis XVI. confined in the Temple;
and resolve that there is no need of any other in
his place.
A manufacture is offered to the convention of
cloth made of two-thirds hair.
19. The chimney-sweepers request of the convention the
release of Abbé Fenelon, who had been a father to
them during 60 years.
21. The anniversary of the death of Louis XVI. is
declared in the convention a day of glory.
Between the 13th of December and the 24th of
January, 325 persons were guillotined at Lyons, and
330 shot.
Generals Wurmser and the Duke of Brunswick are
succeeded by Generals Braun and Moellendorff.
The female citizen Chapuis, daughter of the
general, demands to serve as a dragoon.
The Count d'Artois sends his diamonds to Marshal
Broglio for the use of emigrants.
Motion by Rhul against the Elector of Bavaria.
A deputation of Americans demand the release of
their countryman Thomas Payne. The president
replies that he is an Englishman.
27. Decreed, that all castles in conquered countries
which cannot be used as hospitals shall be burned.
Decreed, that sixty-two millions of assignats shall
be at the disposition of the war-minister
29. every month. And that 95,000 cavalry be raised for
the next spring.
30. Upwards of three thousand peasants, prisoners from
La Vendée, are guillotined or shot at Nantes.
31 Perigord Tayleyrand, bishop of Autun, ordered to
leave England.
_Feb_. 1. Mons. La Borde, the former court banker, and father
of La Borde de Merville, an ex-constituent, is
forced to purchase his liberty with a large sum of
money.
The opera of "Toute la Gréce" is in great
vogue--the story of it is, that Philip, seeing all
Greece rising in a mass, begs for peace; Greece
refuses to make peace with a King.
Report to the convention, that excellent soap is
made of potatoes.
4. Slavery abolished in all the colonies.
Pichegru appointed commander of the army of the
North in the room of Jourdan.
The treasurer Cambon states to the convention that
last year 4,885,764 livres were coined of copper
and bell-metal.
A deputation of blacks appears at the bar to be
received as brethren.
Decreed, that every officer and soldier, of
whatever rank, shall have an equal quantity of
provisions, a man having but one stomach.
7. The 48 sections of Paris appear at the bar to
protest against any suspension of arms.
All mints for coining money suppressed, except that
of Paris.
The commune of Chamberry sends to the convention
twelve thousand marks [Footnote: Eight ounces
each.] of silver, together with the sword of Prince
Eugene, five feet long.
Manifesto of the Germanic body to justify the war
with France.
The Prince of Talmond and fourteen priests
guillotined.
One of the two brothers, of La Vendée, from whom
the Chouans took their name, is killed by the
republicans.
A bloody quarrel between the republican and
revolutionary soldiers of the French army.
The Vendeans obtain advantages at Cholet.
The Duke and Duchess of Luynes, and Mons de
Montmorency, an ex-constituent, imprisoned.
A work is published under the sanction of the
convention, proving that the national domains, that
is, the estates of the king (sic), the nobles, the
clergy, and the emigrants, are worth twenty
milliards of livres.
Deputies from the county of Mot Belliard demand its
union with France.
The old name of Marseilles is restored; it had been
forfeited by a decree, and was called "Sans-nom."
18. The Abbé Maury is promoted to the dignity of
cardinal.
Troops sent from Paris to La Vendée receive orders
to travel fourteen leagues a day.
20. Thomas Payne claims protection of the club of
Cordeliers, who return for answer the vote he gave
on the King's trial.
Mons. du Chaffault, lieut.-general of marines, an
officer of great services and high estimation, is
massacred in Poitou at the age of eighty-five
years.
The convention, on the motion of Barrere, decree a
political lent, in order to leave the more animal
food for the sick and aged.
A petition from Burgundy demands the death of young
Capet.
Death of Cardinal de Lomenie du Brienne, one of the
earliest promoters of the revolution.
St. Just makes a motion, the object of which is, to
excite the people to murder and vengeance, for 1200
years of crimes which had been committed against
them.
Motion by Danton for an agrarian law.
26. Report upon La Vendée. It consists of sixteen
departments of forty square leagues, between the
Loire and the sea, from Painboeuf to Saumur.
The sister of Mirabeau is reduced to solicit alms
of the convention.
_March_. Several sections of Paris complain to the
convention of a scarcity of provisions.
Decreed, that all the property of priests, either
banished or imprisoned, be confiscated for the use
of the state.
Danton makes a flaming republican speech to the
convention.
All horses of the plough put in requisition.
The number of prisoners in Paris amount to 6100.
9. The minister of justice proposes to institute a
committee of insurrection, to overturn all the
monarchies of Europe.
The sale of the property of emigrants amounted in
the year 1793 only to twenty millions of livres,
not half the real value of the estates of one
emigrant alone, the Duke de Montmorency.
The number of victims destroyed by the guillotine
or grape-shot at Lyons, to this date, amounted to
somewhat more than five thousand.
Populus, an ex-constituent, guillotined at Lyons.
The clubs of the jacobins and cordeliers form an
alliance.
At Nevers seventy-four priests, who refuse to take
the oath, are guillotined. At Dijon fourteen
nobles suffer the same fate, because they used the
titles of Count and Baron.
The merchants of Bourdeaux are all arrested on the
same day, and condemned to the guillotine; but are
permitted to redeem their lives by paying one
hundred millions of livres, to which they are
forced to submit.
14. Robespierre invents a conspiracy, or pretended
treason, in order to secure his authority.
The wife of Momoro, who had played the part of
first goddess of reason, guillotined.
All strangers are banished from Paris.
The Vendeans are beat on the left bank of the Loire
by General Cordelier.
The convention states the expences of 1793 to be at
the rate of four hundred millions of livres a month.
15. Hebert and his partizans (sic) are arrested. The
jacobins betray the cordeliers.
17. Herault de Sechelles guillotined.
21. The Emperor forbids his subjects to make any
payments in France.
24. The island of Martinico submits wholly to the
English.
A secret is laid before the convention of removing
the impression of ink from paper, and of rendering
it as new.
Wives of emigrants forbid to marry foreigners.
Eight thousand men sent to La Vendée.
The revolutionary army is disbanded.
Means discovered to expel foul air, by burning
common salt moistened with oil of vitriol.
30. The brother of Abbé (now Cardinal) Maury
guillotined at Avignon.
31. Jourdan appointed commander in chief of the army of
the Moselle.
Barrere exclaims against atheism and irreligious
principles.
_April_ 5. Danton, Camille des Moulins, Fabre d'Eglantine, De
l'Aulnay, Chabot, La Croix, Philippeau, Bazire, and
Julien, all voters for the King's death, delivered
to the revolutionary tribunal, and guillotined.
Danton, when asked his name and quality, replied,
"a being now that in a few hours will be a
non-entity."
Camille des Moulins, being required to tell his
age, replied, "the same as the sans-culottes Jesus,
"34 years."
Westerman, who stiled (sic) himself the conqueror
of royalists, the Abbé d'Espagnac, and many others,
are guillotined.
7. Formal entry of the Emperor into Brussels.
Decreed, that the executive council be suppressed,
as incompatible with republican government.
Chambon states the expence, extraordinary and
revolutionary, 1,600,000,000 livres.
A deputation at the bar of the assembly demands,
that death be the order of the day.
The prisoners in Paris amount to 6763.
Dumas, a deputy, pretends to point out a method of
knowing a counter-revolutionist by his physiognomy.
St. Lucia taken by the English.
9. Gobet, intruding bishop of Paris, guillotined.
The honours of the pantheon voted to Rousseau.
12. The city of Oneglia taken by the French.
St. Just, in the convention, asks the question
"What is a King compared with a French citizen?"
14. The allies repulse the French on the Lys.
The daughter of Sultan Achmet III. who had fled
into France, and found refuge there during 64
years, obtains alms of the convention, viz. 6oo
livres, (about 25l. sterling.)
18. Laborde, a wealthy banker who had several times
redeemed his life by large sums of money, is
guillotined.
The principal members of the parliaments of Paris,
and of Toulouse, are guillotined.
20. The woods of Vitré and Rennes burned to dislodge
the royalists.
21. Gen. Beaulieu beats the French at Arlon.
22. Guadaloupe taken by the English.
The old Mons. de Malsherbes, one of the generous
defenders of Louis XVI. guillotined.
24. The allies beat the French near Cambray.
26. The Duke of York takes 35 pieces of cannon, and a
French general; he kills 5000 men, and makes 3000
prisoners.
To facilitate the sale of the lands of emigrants,
they are divided into lots of three hundred livres
each, and twenty years credit given.
28. The French seize Courtray the day of the annual
fair, and get a great booty.
29. General Clairfait gains a considerable advantage,
killing 3000 men, and taking several cannon.
30. Landrecy surrenders to the Emperor with a garrison
of 6ooo men.
In this month were executed, besides those
mentioned already, Monsieur d'Espréménil,
Chaumette, procureur of the commune of Paris, Gen.
Arthur Dillon, Hebert and Simon, deputies, Gen.
Roncin, Momoro, Anarcharsis Cloots, a deputy, Du
Buisson, Goutte, an intruding bishop, Gen. Beisser,
the Marquis of Chateau Briant, the Duchesses of
Chatelet and Grammont, the Viscountess de
Pont-Ville, Thouret and Chapellier, two very active
revolutionists.
Kosciusko puts himself at the head of a revolution
in Poland.
_May_ 1. In the prisons of Paris 22,000 persons are
confined, and in all the departments of France
653,000.
The Duke de Biron, upon sentence of death being
passed upon him by the revolutionary tribunal,
cried out, "I deserve it, for having betrayed my
"King and served his enemies."
The Count du l'Aigle, being also condemned, said to
the people, "It is not my head, it is bread and
"your King that you ought to demand."
Decreed, that all royal houses shall be kept for
the use and enjoyment of the people.
10. Robespierre obtains decrees to admit the existence
of a Supreme Being, and of the immortality of the
soul; and for the establishment of decadary
festivals.
In La Vendée, General Haxo, after the example of
General Moulin, blows his brains out, to avoid
being taken prisoner.
All letters coming into France are opened.
From the 29th of April to the 4th of May, 109
persons are guillotined in Paris, and many more in
the departments.
In the valley of Aost, 6000 French were killed by
the peasants of Piedmont.
Barrere announces the capture of a Spanish camp,
with two hundred cannon, and two thousand men.
All the farmers-general are accused in a mass, and
sent to the revolutionary tribunals,
The town of Sargio and Piedmontese camp taken by
the French.
11. Seventy-one persons, among whom are 27
farmers-general, are guillotined.
Madame Elizabeth, sister of the late King, is
carried before the revolutionary tribunal and
interrogated, " What is your name?" "Elizabeth
"Philippine Marie Helene de France."
"Your quality?" "Aunt of the King." These last
words are scarcely pronounced, when the tribunal
condemns her to death.
12. The next day she is conducted to the scaffold, with
25 persons who were guillotined in her presence; it
being directed that she should suffer the last.
She died at the age of thirty years, and left a
character of unblemished purity.
Decreed, that all aged and infirm priests be kept
in houses belonging to the republic.
Report upon mendacity. Decreed, that the
convention will efface the name of beggary and
poverty from the annals of the republic.
The town and citadel of Bastia taken by the
English.
The commune of Sens writes to the convention, that
it has dug up all the bodies of the Capets that
were interred in their cathedral, in order to bury
them in ordinary ground.
An address to the French nation is prepared by
Barrere, and published by the convention,
concluding with these words: "Let the English
"slaves perish, and let Europe be free."
13. Revolutionary tribunals suppressed, except that of
Paris.
14. L'Huillier kills himself in prison, and Rebecqui
drowns himself--both active agents in the massacres
of Avignon, and of the 2d of September.
15. Kaunitz forces the French to repass the Sambre with
the loss of 5000 men.
18. The Duke of York, with 3500 men, is attacked by
15000 French, and forced to retreat.
General Beaulieu, near Bouillon, kills 3000 French,
and takes 700.
22. Battle near Tournay, lasts 16 hours; the French
lose 12,000 men, and the allies 3000.
A French army of 10,000 men penetrates into
Luxembourg.
24. Kaunitz takes 80 cannon, kills 2000 French, and
takes 3000.
Insurrection of the patriots at Liege.
The Emperor quits the army, and returns to Vienna.
29. Battle of Germersheim; the French lose 400 killed,
and 600 taken prisoners.
A plot to assassinate Robespierre and Collot
d'Herbois fails of success; the former obtains a
guard for his person.
_June_ 1. The British fleet under Lord Howe engages the
French; the latter loses eight sail of the line.
2. The convention decrees, that no Englishman or
Hanoverian shall be made prisoner in battle--no
quarter to be given, but all without reserve to be
put to the sword.
The Duke of York communicates this barbarous decree
to his army, in a manner that does honour to a
soldier and to a man.
The guillotine is destroyed by the people at St.
Brieux, and the revolutionary tribunal expelled.
4. The French are routed near Charleroy with the loss
of 4000 men.
The man who saved Collot d'Herbois from
assassination, obtains a pension of 1500 livres a
year.
Decreed, that the members of the convention, when
on duty, shall wear marks of distinction.
Proclamation of the Emperor to induce all Brabant
to rise in a mass.
A military school is instituted in the plain of
Sablons near Paris.
Decreed, that a new grammar be published, to give
to the language of liberty a character that is
suitable to it.
8. Jourdan, called Coupe-tête, general of the army at
Avignon, guillotined.
The son and daughter of Louis XVI. employed to make
shoes and shirts for the nation.
10. General Clairfait is obliged to retreat.
The French take Port-Vendre, Collieure, and St.
Elme.
13. A festival to the Eternal. Robespierre acts the
part of Pontiff. The ceremony is designed to
satisfy the people, by putting an end to atheism.
The members of the convention assume the
distinction of a plume of feathers in the hat, and
a three-coloured scarf.
The French army in Maritime Flanders amounts to
170,000 men.
The inviolability of the members of the convention
is renewed.
A large convoy from America with corn arrives in
France.
16. The French lose 7,000 men in an action near
Charleroy.
Ypres surrenders to the French--this conquest opens
all Brabant.
The numerous forces opposed to the allies oblige
them to retreat.
20. One milliard two hundred and five millions of
livres in assignats issued.
Port-au-Prince taken by the English.
The dread of the guillotine causes fifty thousand
persons to emigrate.
21. Commencement of a quarrel between Robespierre and
Bourdon de l'Oise, and another between Tallien and
Robespierre.
Ninety-four nuns transported to Africa.
Twenty-one members of the parliament of Toulouze
(sic) guillotined at Paris.
26. Every thing in France is put in requisition, men,
horses, provisions, and all sorts of property.
28. Some terrible conspiracy is supposed, and announced
to the public in order to authorise new massacres.
"Paris," says Barrere, "shall be henceforth the
"city with a hundred gates; each gate shall
"announce some triumph, or some revolutionary,
"epoch".
29. The French besiege Charleroy.
The number of persons guillotined this month is as
follows. From the first to the ninth of June, 100
On the 9th, 22
10th, 30
11th, 33
12th, 8
13th, 20
From 14 to 17th 103
17 to 20th 50
On the 21st, 26
22d, 14
25th, 48
27th, 29
Total guillotined in Paris in the month of June 483