Chapter IX: Part 9

The division was rated as a second-class division. During 1918 its length of stay on the British front was remarkable. Nothing is known of its morale or losses.

9th Landwehr Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────
│ 1915 │ 1916
─────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────
│ Brigade. │ Regiment. │ Brigade. │ Regiment.
─────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────
Infantry. │43 Ldw. │32 Ldw. │76 Ldw. │79 Ldw.
│ │83 Ldw. │ │83 Ldw.
│49 Mixed Ldw. │116 Ldw. │49 Ldw. │116 Ldw.
│ │118 Ldw. │ │118 Ldw.
│ │56 Ldw. │ │
─────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────
Cavalry. │Ldw. Cav. Rgt. (18 C. Dist.).│Ldw. Cav. Rgt. (18 C. Dist.).
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Artillery. │Ldw. F. A. Rgt. │Ldw. F. A. Rgt.
│ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Engineers and│1 Ldw. Pion. Co. (18 C. │2 Ldw. Pion. Co. (10 C.
Liaisons. │ Dist.). │ Dist.).
│ │1 Ldw. Pion. Co. (18 C.
│ │ Dist.).
│ │309 T. M. Co.
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Medical and │ │
Veterinary.│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Transports. │ │
│ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Attached. │ │
│ │
─────────────┴─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────

─────────────┬─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────
│ 1917 │ 1918
─────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────
│ Brigade. │ Regiment. │ Brigade. │ Regiment.
─────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────
Infantry. │76 Ldw. │83 Ldw. │76 Ldw. │83 Ldw.
│ │116 Ldw. │ │116 Ldw.
│ │118 Ldw. │ │118 Ldw.
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
─────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────
Cavalry. │1 Sqn. 4 Res. Drag. Rgt. │1 Sqn. 4 Res. Drag. Rgt.
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Artillery. │(?) Art. Command: │9 Ldw. F. A. Rgt.
│ 9 Ldw. F. A. Rgt. │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Engineers and│(409) Pion. Btn.: │409 Pion. Btn.:
Liaisons. │ │
│ 2 Ldw. Pion. Co. (10 C. │ 2 Ldw. Co. 10 C. Dist.
│ Dist.). │ Pions.
│ 1 Ldw. Pion. Co. (18 C. │ 1 Ldw. Co. 18 C. Dist.
│ Dist.). │ Pions.
│ 309 T. M. Co. │ 309 T. M. Co.
│ 509 Tel. Detch. │ 183 Searchlight Section.
│ │509 Signal Command:
│ │ 509 Tel. Detch.
│ │ 136 Wireless Detch.
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Medical and │566 Ambulance Co. │566 Ambulance Co.
Veterinary.│ │
│62 Field Hospital. │62 Field Hospital.
│86 Field Hospital. │13 Ldw. Field Hospital.
│396 Field Hospital. │509 Vet. Hospital.
│Vet. Hospital. │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Transports. │221 M. T. Col. │
│904 M. T. Col. │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Attached. │151 Labor Btn. │
│171 Labor Btn. │
─────────────┴─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────

HISTORY.

(83d Landwehr: Eleventh District—Thuringia and Electoral Hesse. 116th
Landwehr and 118th Landwehr: Eighteenth District—Grand Duchy of Hesse.)

1915.

ARGONNE.

1. This division was organized in the Argonne at the beginning of 1915 from infantry units in sector in that region and in Champagne. The 43d Landwehr Brigade detrained at Boulay (Lorraine) August 20, 1914, and fought in the Woevre the 24th. The 49th Landwehr Brigade was sent to Luxemburg August 20, followed the Eighteenth Reserve Corps, and took part with it in the battle of the Marne. In October the two brigades were in the Argonne.

2. From the time of its organization did not leave the Argonne. From the beginning of 1915 it held the sector at or near the Aisne (north of Ville sur Tourbe and north of Vienne le Chateau).

1916.

ARGONNE.

1. Sector north of Vienne le Chateau, from the region of Rouvroy to the ravine of Fontaine aux Charmes.

1917.

ARGONNE.

1. Sector north of Vienne le Chateau.

RECRUITING.

83d Landwehr: Electorate Hesse and Thuringia. 116th and 118th Landwehr: Grand Duchy of Hesse and Rhenish country. The document of July 11, 1917, calls the two regiments in question “Rhenish.”

At the end of 1917 and during the first months of 1918 the division exchanged a large number of men with the divisions stationed near it, which modified its regional composition to a certain degree.

VALUE—1917 ESTIMATE.

Sector division. (1918.)

The division had one storm company in July, 1917, and each regiment had a “Stosstrupp.”

1918.

The division continued to hold the sector in the Argonne Woods until the American attack on September 26. It was engaged on the opening days and withdrew on the 28th. The shattered elements were re-formed and reentered at once on the extreme right flank of the 4th French Army in the vicinity of the Aisne. The last identification was at Villers sur le Mont on November 10.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

The division was rated as a fourth-class division. On the defensive it showed some fighting ability.

9th Bavarian Reserve Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────
│ 1916 │ 1917 │ 1918[8]
─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────
│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.
─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────
Infantry. │17 Bav. │11 Bav. │17 Bav. │11 Bav. │17 Bav. │11 Bav.
│ Res. │ Res. │ Res. │ Res. │ Res. │ Res.
│ │14 Bav. │ │14 Bav. │ │14 Bav.
│ │ Res. │ │ Res. │ │ Res.
│ │3 Bav. │ │3 Bav. │ │3 Bav.
│ │ Ers. │ │ Ers. │ │ Ers.
─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────
Cavalry. │ │1 Sqn. 1 Bav. Res. │1 Sqn. 1 Bav. Res.
│ │ Cav. Rgt. │ Cav. Rgt.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Artillery. │11 Bav. Res. F. A. │9 Bav. Art. │9 Bav. Art.
│ Rgt. (9 Btries.).│ Command: │ Command:
│ │ 11 Bav. Res. F. A.│ 11 Bav. Res. F. A.
│ │ Rgt. │ Rgt.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Engineers and│ │(21) Pion. Btn.: │8 Bav. Pion. Co.
Liaisons. │ │ │
│ │ 8 Bav. Pion. Co. │12 Bav. Res. Pion.
│ │ │ Co.
│ │ 12 Bav. Res. Pion.│209 Bav. T. M. Co.
│ │ Co. │
│ │ 209 Bav. T. M. Co.│409 Tel. Detch.
│ │ 409 Tel. Detch. │105 Bav. Wireless
│ │ │ Detch.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Medical and │ │13 Bav. Ambulance │13 Bav. Ambulance
Veterinary.│ │ Co. │ Co.
│ │30 Bav. Field │30th Bav. Field
│ │ Hospital. │ Hospital.
│ │58 Bav. Field │58th Bav. Field
│ │ Hospital. │ Hospital.
│ │29 Bav. Vet. │29 Bav. Vet.
│ │ Hospital. │ Hospital.
│ │30 Bav. Vet. │
│ │ Hospital. │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Transports. │ │M. T. Col. │M. T. Col.
─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

Footnote 8:

Composition at time of dissolution, July 24.

HISTORY.

(Third Bavarian District—Upper Palatinate, Upper and Middle Franconia.)

1916.

1. This division was formed at the beginning of October, 1916, at Caudry and vicinity, and was one of the series of divisions organized at that time from drafts of units from already existing divisions.

AISNE.

2. Went into line at the beginning of October east of Craonne, in the sector of Ville au Bois.

3. At the beginning of December it was sent to rest between Cambrai and Le Cateau.

1917.

SOMME.

1. The division was sent to the Somme and sent in its regiments singly to reinforce the sectors of Saillisel and Transloy in January, 1917.

AISNE.

2. At the beginning of February the division was sent back to the region of Laon-La Malmaison. It returned to the sector of Ville au Bois, where it opposed the French offensive of April 16 and lost 2,300 captured and many casualties; the 2d and 3d Battalions of the 14th Reserve Infantry were almost all taken prisoners.

LORRAINE.

3. Relieved April 20 and sent to Lorraine, where it occupied the sector of Moncel-Arracourt May 1 to the beginning of August.

FLANDERS.

4. August 1 it entrained at St. Avold for Flanders. Detrained at Roulers and was placed in reserve in the region Staden-Zarren from August 9 to 16. It fought August 17 north of Ypres at Bixschoote-Langemarck, suffered heavy losses, and remained in line only three days.

WOEVRE.

5. August 24 it took over the sector of the Apremont forest near St. Mihiel until the end of October.

FLANDERS.

6. Returned to Flanders and sent to rest in the vicinity of Bruges and Ostend in October and November. About November 22 it went into line in the sector of Lombartzyde and left it at the beginning of December.

CAMBRAI.

7. It returned almost immediately to the front south of Cambrai (Gonnelieu-Villers-Guislain) in December, then to the sector of Hargicourt in January, 1918.

RECRUITING.

Almost entirely from the Third Bavarian District-Upper Palatinate, Upper and Lower Franconia.

VALUE—1917 ESTIMATE.

The division opposed a considerable resistance to the French attack of April 16, 1916, and gave proof of good qualities and defense.

1918.

1. The division was not engaged on March 21, being in reserve near Estrees from the 21st to the 24th. It was then used to clear up the ground near Bellenglise until March 27. It marched to the front by Mont St. Quentin, Vermandovillers, and Harvonnieres.

VILLERS BRETONNEUX.

2. From April 4 to 21 it was engaged near Villers Bretonneux. In the counterattack of the opening day a battalion of the 11th Bavarian Reserve Regiment ran away. For a week the division was in reserve south of Bray sur Somme. On April 27 it returned to line northeast of Villers Bretonneux, remaining until May 6.

3. It rested west of St. Quentin from May 11 to 17.

BATTLE OF THE MATZ.

4. On the 19th the division entered the line on the Oise east of Noyon. After the 26th it was in front of Noyon. The division took part in the attack of June 6 on Suzay-Thiescourt-Passel. Relieved about the middle of June, the division was disbanded about June 27. Its regiments were turned into the 12th Bavarian Division.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

The division was rated as a second-class division. It was inferior to the other Bavarian units. Its morale was bad prior to its dissolution.

9th Cavalry Division.

COMPOSITION.[9]

───────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────────────────────── │ 1918 ───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┬─────────────────────── │ Brigade. │ Regiment. ───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┼─────────────────────── Cavalry. │13 Cav. │4 Cuirassier. │ │8 Hus. │14 Cav. │11 Hus. │ │5 Uhlan. ───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┴─────────────────────── Artillery. │10 Horse Art. Abt. ───────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────── Engineers and Liaisons.│5 M. G. Btry. │7 M. G. Btry. │9 Cav. Pion. Detch. │415 T. M. Co. ───────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────── Medical and Veterinary.│574 Ambulance Co. ───────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────── Attached. │Saxon Res. Reiter Rgt. │3 Heavy Res. Cav. Schutzen Rgt. ───────────────────────┴───────────────────────────────────────────────

Footnote 9:

At the time of its dissolution, June, 1918.

HISTORY.

1918.

The division was employed in police duty in the Ukraine until about July 1, when it was dissolved.

VALUE 1918—ESTIMATE.

The division was rated as fourth class.

10th Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────
│ 1914 │ 1915 │ 1916
─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────
│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.
─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────
Infantry. │19. │6 Gren. │19. │6 Gren. │20. │6 Gren.
│ │46. │ │46. │ │47.
│20. │47. │20. │47. │ │50.
│ │50. │ │50. │ │
─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────
Cavalry. │1 Horse Jag. Rgt. │ │1 Horse Jag. Rgt.
│ │ │ (3 Sqns.).
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Artillery. │10 Brig.: │10 Brig.: │10 Brig.:
│ 20 F. A. Rgt. │ 20 F. A. Rgt. │ 20 F. A. Rgt.
│ 56 F. A. Rgt. │ 56 F. A. Rgt. │ 56 F. A. Rgt.
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Engineers and│2 Co. 5 Pions. │1 Pion. Btn. No. 5:│1 Pion. Btn. No. 5:
Liaisons. │ │ │
│3 Co. 5 Pions. │ 2 Co. 5 Pions. │ 2 Co. 5 Pions.
│ │ 3 Co. 5 Pions. │ 3 Co. 5 Pions.
│ │ Field Co. 16 │ 1 Res. Co. 27
│ │ Pions. │ Pions.
│ │ 10 Pont. Engs. │ 10 T. M. Co.
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ 10 Tel. Detch. │ 10 Pont. Engs.
│ │ │ 10 Tel. Detch.
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Medical and │ │ │
Veterinary.│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Transports. │ │ │
─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────
│ 1917 │ 1918
─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────
│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.
─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────
Infantry. │20. │6 Gren. │20. │6 Gren.
│ │47. │ │47.
│ │398. │ │398.
│ │ │ │
─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────
Cavalry. │3 Sqn. 1 Horse Jag.│3 Sqn. 1 Horse Jag.
│ Rgt. │ Rgt.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Artillery. │10 Art. Command: │10 Art. Command:
│ 56 F. A. Rgt. │ 56 F. A. Rgt.
│ │ 2 Abt. 11 Ft. A.
│ │ Rgt. (5, 6, and 7
│ │ Btries.).
│ │ 890 Light Am. Col.
│ │ 1171 Light Am.
│ │ Col.
│ │ 1194 Light Am.
│ │ Col.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Engineers and│1 Pion. Btn. No. 5:│5 Pion. Btn.:
Liaisons. │ │
│ 2 Co. 5 Pions. │ 2 Co. 5 Pions.
│ 3 Co. 5 Pions. │ 3 Co. 5 Pions.
│ 10 T. M. Co. │ 10 T. M. Co.
│ │
│ 46 Heavy Field │ 70 Searchlight
│ Searchlight │ Section.
│ Section. │
│ 10 Tel. Detch. │10 Signal Command:
│ 308 and 309 │ 10 Tel. Detch.
│ Searchlight │
│ Sections. │
│ │ 146 Wireless
│ │ Detch.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Medical and │13 Ambulance Co. │13 Ambulance Co.
Veterinary.│ │
│46 Field Hospital. │218 Ambulance Co.
│50 Field Hospital. │46 Field Hospital.
│Vet. Hospital. │50 Field Hospital.
│ │164 Field Hospital.
│ │10 Vet. Hospital.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Transports. │M. T. Col. │543 M. T. Col.
─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

HISTORY.

(Fifth district—Posen.)

1914.

The 10th Division at mobilization belonged to the 5th Army Corps (Posen). Detrained August 10 and 11 near Sarrelouis and belonged to the 5th Army (Prussian Crown Prince). Entered Luxemburg the 18th, passed through Arlon the 20th, and left it on the evening of the 21st.

1. Took part in the combat of August 22, 1914 at Ethe, near Virton, next to the 9th Division. August 28 it was north of Thionville, expecting to leave for Russia. August 30 it continued its march in the Woevre, reached the Cotes de Meuse, and attacked the fort of Troyon September 7.

LES EPARGES.

2. After the battle of the Marne it held the sector of the Cotes de Meuse east of Verdun (Les Eparges-Callone) which it held almost all the time until October 1916. Took part in the series of combats which took place in this sector between April and July, 1915.

1915.

1. At the time of our offensive of September and October, 1915, in Champagne, the 10th Division sent some of its units there, but they returned to Woevre about December 10, 1915, after four weeks’ rest in Lorraine.

WOEVRE.

2. After this and until the beginning of October, 1916, the Division held its sector of the Cotes de Meuse.

1916.

VERDUN.

1. In October 1916 the division was relieved and took over the sector of Douaumon in November. It suffered heavy losses December 15, when the French defeated it severely, and had to be withdrawn from the front.

1917.

COTES DE MEUSE.

1. Reorganized at the beginning of January, 1917, after a three weeks’ rest in the region of Mars la Tour, and took over again its former sector of the Cotes de Meuse at the beginning of March, remaining there until the end of April.

AISNE.

2. Entrained May 1 at Mars la Tour and sent via Conflans-Montmedy-Sedan- Charleville-Hirson to the region north of the Aisne, where it took over a sector northwest of Braye en Laonnois. It made an attack there May 18 but did not lose very heavily.

3. On June 20 it was relieved and sent to rest near Crecy sur Serre. Left this region about July 25 and spent six days at Gizy and vicinity.

CHEMIN DES DAMES.

4. On July 30 it went into line in the sector from Ailles to Hurtebise. Its regiment suffered a great deal from our artillery fire. During the attack of August 31 to September 1 the division suffered heavy losses.

5. About September 15 the division was relieved. On the 20th it took over the sector of St. Gobain.

6. At the beginning of the French attack at the end of October an emergency call was sent the 23d for some of the units of the division which were at rest in the region of Crepy en Laonnois and during the night of the 23d–24th they went into line to cover the retreat of the divisions in line.

FOREST OF ST. GOBAIN.

The greater part of the division remained in line in the forest of St. Gobain during this attack. The division was relieved about the middle of December; and on December 15 it was behind the St. Quentin front. At the end of January 18 the division relieved the 211th division in the sector of Ailles.

RECRUITING.

The 10th Division differs from the 9th in that its normal recruiting district (Province of Posen) is composed mostly of Poles. There are, therefore, a large number of Poles in its ranks, but it is evident that they are trying to mix them with Prussians, who are less liable to desert. The 47th Infantry on December 15, 1916, before Verdun contained men from the ninth and tenth districts. The 398th Infantry, whose companies were taken from various divisions, for example the 9th, the 10th and the 103d, obtained from the 103d Division Hessian and Thuringian units. There is the same variety in the 6th Grenadiers, which contained at the end of 1912 besides the original drafts from the district, men from the ninth and tenth districts, as well as from the eighteenth district, the latter belonging to the trained Landsturm (2d Bav.).

VALUE.

Until the attack of Verdun, the 10th division always had the reputation of being a good division composed of good units. At the time of the attack of the French December 10, 1915, however, the division which was in the sector north of Verdun did not seem to defend itself as stubbornly as might be expected. It should, however, be noted that 15 per cent of the forces were at that time weakened by sickness. During the German attack of May 18, 1917, the 47th Infantry clearly gave the impression that it was quite inferior to the two other regiments of the division. (The presence of Poles in the 47th should be noted.) August 31, 1917 at the Chemin des Dames, the units of the 10th division resisted well and counterattacked with vigor September 1.

1918.

1. The division was relieved in the Ailles on February 20 and went to rest and train for a month. It was at Montcornet, later near Saint Richaumont, Voulpaix, and La Vallee-aux-Bleds. It marched toward the St. Quentin front on March 20, by Origny-St. Benoite and Itancourt.

BATTLE OF PICARDY.

2. It was in the second line on March 21 and 22, advancing through Urvillers and Essigny. It was engaged March 23 to 25, crossing the Crozat Canal to the west of Jussy, Cugny, and Guiscard. It rested on the 25th and 26th. The division was reengaged on March 27 to the 30th in the vicinity of Libermont, Ognolles, Beuvraignes (27th) Conchy les Pots (28th–31st). The losses were heavy on the 27th and 28th. The division passed into the second line on the 31st and then to reserve at Solente (east of Roye) until the 30th of April.

3. The division rested and trained from May 5 to 20 at Jeantes la Ville and Nampcelle la Cour (east of Vervins). It received a draft of 800 men on May 18.

4. The division marched toward the Aisne front through Montigny le Franc, Marchais, Montaigu, and Mauregny, May 25 and 26, by night.

BATTLE OF THE AISNE.

5. It attacked on the Chemin des Dames on May 27, near Ailles, its former sector. It was in the front line of the advance through Paissy, Oeuilly, Barbonval, Blanzy, Bazoches (27th), Mareuil en Dole, (28th), south of Fere en Tardenois, (29th), south of Beuvardes (30th), south of Bouresches. It retired from the front about June 8.

BATTLE OF THE MARNE.

6. The division was at rest near Sissonne after the middle of June to July 7. It marched to the front via Eppes, Brenelle, Foret de Fere, July 7 to 11. It crossed the Marne on the morning of the 15th, by pontoons, having passed through the sector of the 10th Ldw. Div. The division’s objective was a line 8 klms. south of the river, which was to have been reached by 11 a. m. The advance was completely checked by the American Division (3d) south of the Marne. The division lost 400 prisoners and many casualties.

7. The division was taken out within a few days and rested at Arcy-St. Restitute. It was engaged near Vierzy on the 26th and was thrown back on the Vesle by August 1, when it was relieved.

THE WOEVRE.

8. The division was taken to Athies-sous-Laon, where it entrained on August 5 for Mars-la-Tour. The itinerary included Hirson, Charleville, Sedan. It camped at Sponville until the night of August 18–19. It relieved the 277th Division in the sector Richecourt, Lahayville, St. Baussant. The division had absorbed the 255th Division, dissolved on August 7, and its losses in men and material had been made up. The division sustained the American attack of September 12 and was thrown back north of Thiaucourt on Jaulny, Rembercourt. The division lost heavily in casualties and prisoners. Practically the entire 3d Battalion of the 398th Regiment was captured on the first day. It was taken out on September 20.

MOSELLE.

9. The division was reassembled at Loringen, near Metz. From the dissolved 77th Reserve Division the 257th Reserve Regiment was turned into the 6th Gren. Regiment (10th Division), the 419th into the 398th Regiment, and the 332d into the 47th Regiment. Other drafts from Germany were received to reconstitute the division. On the 5th of October the division entered the sector east of the Moselle (Nomeny), where it remained until October 28.

MEUSE-ARGONNE.

10. The division returned to Metz and moved by rail for Pelte, via Metz- Longuyon-Montmedy. It went into position on November 3 northwest of Stenay. The last identification was on the Meuse on November 11.

VALUE.

The division was rated as a first-class division. It behaved creditably in the Somme and Aisne offensives. It was completely defeated on the Marne, from which it never recovered. The inferior qualities of the drafts received in August and September lowered the fighting value of the division.

10th Reserve Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────
│ 1914 │ 1915 │ 1916
─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────
│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.
─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────
Infantry. │18 Res. │37 Res. │19 Res. │37 Res. │19 Res. │37 Res.
│ │46 Res. │ │46 Res. │ │98 Res.
│77. │37 Fus. │ │98 Res. │77. │37 Fus.
│ │155. │77. │37 Fus. │ │155.
│ │ │ │155. │ │
│ │ │ (37 Res. Rgt. │ │
│ │ │ passed to 119 D. │ │
│ │ │ April, 1915.) │ │
─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼───────────────────┼─────────┴─────────
Cavalry. │6 Res. Uhlan Rgt. │6 Res. Uhlan Rgt. │6 Res. Uhlan Rgt.
│ (3 Sqns.). │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Artillery. │10 Res. F. A. Rgt. │10 Res. F. A. Rgt. │10 Res. F. A. Rgt.
│ (6 Btries.). │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Engineers and│ │Res. Co. 5 Pions. │1 Res. Co. 5 Pions.
Liaisons. │ │ │
│ │10 Res. Pont. Engs.│210 T. M. Co.
│ │ │
│ │10 Res. Tel. Detch.│10 Res. Pont. Engs.
│ │ │
│ │ │10 Res. Tel. Detch.
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Medical and │ │ │
Veterinary.│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Transports. │ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Attached. │ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────
│ 1917 │ 1918
─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────
│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.
─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────
Infantry. │77. │37 Res. │77. │37 Fus.
│ │37 Fus. │ │155.
│ │155. │ │37 Res.
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────
Cavalry. │(?) 6 Res. Uhlan │1 Sqn. 3 Res. Drag.
│ Rgt. │ Rgt.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Artillery. │(?) Art. Command: │61 Art. Command:
│ │
│ Res. F. A. (Regt. │ 10 Res. F. A. Rgt.
│ Btries.). │
│ │ 2 Abt. 66 F. A.
│ │ Rgt.
│ │ 1 Abt. 3 Res. Ft.
│ │ A. Rgt.
│ │ 736 Light Am. Col.
│ │ 1107 Light Am.
│ │ Col.
│ │ 1123 Light Am.
│ │ Col.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Engineers and│(310) Pion. Btn.: │310 Pion. Btn.:
Liaisons. │ │
│ 1 Res. Co. 5 │ 1 Res. Co. 5
│ Pions. │ Pions.
│ 2 Res. Co. 5 │ 2 Co. 5 Res.
│ Pions. │ Pions.
│ 210 T. M. Co. │ 210 T. M. Co.
│ Tel. Detch. │ 192 Searchlight
│ │ Section.
│ │410 Signal Command:
│ │ 410 Tel. Detch.
│ │ 1 Wireless Detch.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Medical and │505 Ambulance Co. │505 Ambulance Co.
Veterinary.│ │
│26 Res. Hospital │26 Res. Field
│ Field. │ Hospital.
│28 Res. Field │28 Res. Field
│ Hospital. │ Hospital.
│410 Vet. Hospital. │410 Vet. Hospital.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Transports. │M. T. Col. │709 M. T. Col.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Attached. │ │10 M. G. S. S.
│ │ Detch.
│ │254 Mountain M. G.
│ │ Detch.
│ │234 Reconnaissance
│ │ Flight.
│ │(Elements attached
│ │ Sept. 22, 1918.)
─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

HISTORY.

(Fifth District—Posen.)

1914.

FRANCE.

1. At mobilization the division, with the 9th Reserve Division, formed the 5th Reserve Corps. It was part of the 5th Army (Crown Prince of Prussia) and took part in the offensive which went around Verdun from the north. It fought at Ville en Montois August 22, in the Region of Consenvoiye-Flabas September 1, and in the vicinity of Sivry sur Meuse September 2. It remained on the right bank of the Meuse until the end of September.

MEUSE.

2. About October 1 some of the units of the 10th Reserve Division were sent to the left bank (Cuisy-Forges-Gercourt).

3. At the beginning of November the division was regrouped in the region of Damvillers (right bank). Took part in the attacks toward Azannes November 10 and established itself in the sector of Consenvoye-Azannes (northeast of Orne-Bois des Caures in November and December).

1915.

1. The division held the region east of Consenvoye-Flabas-Bois des Caures-Azannes until the Verdun offensive February, 1916.

WOEVRE.

2. At the end of September, 1915, at the beginning of the French attack in Champagne, some units of the division (battalions of the 37th Reserves and 98th Reserves were sent as reinforcements to vicinity of Ville sur Tourbe and Massiges.)

1916.

VERDUN.

1. About February 15, 1916, the division was relieved from the sector on the right bank of the Meuse and put in reserve. During the first days of the offensive it engaged only a few attack battalions. Beginning March 12 it was in line before Vaux and Fort Vaux and had very heavy losses. April 3 the 8th of the 37th Fusiliers received at least 64 replacements (recuperated men who entered the service the preceding November and recovered wounded and sick).

2. The division was relieved at the end of April and sent to rest in the region of Mulhouse from the beginning of May to June 12.

CHAMPAGNE.

3. Sent to Champagne and held the sector north of Tahure, south of Somme Py, until September 20.

SOMME.

4. After a few days rest it was sent to the Somme south of the St. Pierre Wood-Vaast from October 5 to 15. It suffered very heavy losses there.

5. At rest for 13 days, then entrained, and went to Dun via Hirson- Mézières-Charleville-Sedan October 23.

MORT HOMME.

6. It held the sector of Mort Homme (left bank of the Meuse) from October 28 to February 8, 1917.

1917.

1. The division was at rest in the middle of February, 1917, in the region of Sedan, then of Dizy le Gros.

AISNE.

2. At the beginning of March it went into line in the region of Berry au Bac (from Hill 108 to Spigneul). It was relieved at the beginning of the French attack April 16. The French artillery preparation caused it heavy losses.

MORT HOMME-HILL 304.

3. From April 24 to May 15 it was in line in its old sector—Cumierès- Mort Homme—and from the middle of May till July 19 in the adjoining sector—Hill 304-Avocourt Wood. It attacked June 28 and 29 and opposed our counterattacks of July 12 to 17, suffering heavy losses.

4. Withdrawn from the front about July 19.

5. At rest near Sedan and reorganized (replacements from the Fifth District and Eighteenth District (Frankfort on Main)).

CHAMPAGNE.

6. It then took over the sector Vitry-Cernay les Reims about August 8. Remained there until about October 27.

7. November 9 it went into line north of Craonne in the region of Chermizy-Bouconville (?). Some of the units of the division were not in this sector. After a rest in the camp of Sissonne and at Poilcourt, end of October to middle of December, they went into line in the sector Miette-Aisne about December 17. About that date the division was regrouped north of Berry au Bac, where it was still in February, 1918.

RECRUITING.

Province of Posen. The differences were made up by the Sixth District mostly.

VALUE—1917 ESTIMATE.

The division is considered as a “big attack” division. In April, 1917, in the region of Berry au Bac it executed a well-conducted attack on Satigneul. The offensive value of the division showed itself again during the attacks of June 28–29 of 1917 at Hill 304.

There is no lack of volunteers for dangerous missions, and the motto of the division is said to be: “Get after the enemy and beat ’em wherever you find ’em.” The commanding general of the division and the colonel commanding the 155th consider that their men are able to endure hard battles (November, 1917).

1918.

BATTLE OF PICARDY.

1. The division was relieved about March 15 and sent to reenforce the Somme front. It was engaged near Beaulieu les Fontaines on March 25–26, where it remained until April 7. Heavy casualties were reported in this offensive.

BATTLE OF THE AISNE.

2. The division rested until May 27, when it took part in the offensive at Mont Notre Dame. About June 15 it was withdrawn to Athies (Laon), where it rested fallen until July 15.

SECOND BATTLE OF THE MARNE.

3. On July 15 the division was again engaged south of the Marne at Montvoisin and Oeuilly on the opening day. It retired from the Vesle front, to which it had fallen back, about August 5.

VESLE.

4. After resting three weeks at Asfeld the division returned to the Vesle front on August 28 near Chalon sur Vesle and was engaged until September 18.

5. On the 18th the division was directed by stages to Laon and entered the line south of Laon at Ferme-Colombe on the 22d. The division appears to have been constantly in action until November 1, and possibly until the armistice. It was successively identified at Chevrigny, Montceau le Waast (Oct. 14), southeast of Toulle (Oct. 27), south of Banogne (Nov. 1). The last identification was at Maubert-Fontaine on November 10.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

The division was rated as a first-class division. It fought hard in most of the offensives of the year, and when on the defensive put up a hard, steady fight for two months without relief.

10th Ersatz Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────
│ 1914 │ 1915 │ 1916
─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────
│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.
─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────
Infantry. │37 Ers. │37, 38, │37 Ers. │37, 38, │25 Mixed │369.
│ │ 39, and│ │ 39, and│ Ers. │
│ │ 40 │ │ 40 │ │
│ │ Brig. │ │ Brig. │ │
│ │ Ers. │ │ Ers. │ │
│ │ Btns. │ │ Btns. │ │
│25 Ers. │25, 26, │25 Ers. │25, 26, │ │368.
│ │ 27, 28,│ │ 27, 28,│ │
│ │ and 79 │ │ and 79 │ │
│ │ Brig. │ │ Brig. │ │
│ │ Ers. │ │ Ers. │ │
│ │ Btns. │ │ Btns. │ │
│43 Ers. │43, 44, │43 Ers. │43, 44, │43 Mixed │370.
│ │ 76, and│ │ 76, and│ Ers. │
│ │ 83 │ │ 83 │ │
│ │ Brig. │ │ Brig. │ │
│ │ Ers. │ │ Ers. │ │
│ │ Btns. │ │ Btns. │ │
│ │ │ │ │ │371.
─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────
Cavalry. │Ers. Cav. Detch. of│Ers. Cav. Detch. of│10 Cav. Sqn.
│ 25 Ers. Brig. │ 25 Ers. Brig. │
│Ers. Cav. Detch. of│Ers. Cav. Detch. of│2 Sqn. Horse Jag.
│ 43 Ers. Brig. │ 43 Ers. Brig. │ Rgt.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Artillery. │1 Ers. Abt. (46 and│1 Ers. Abt. (46 and│94 F. A. Rgt.
│ 62 F. A. Rgts.). │ 62 F. A. Rgts.). │
│1 Ers. Abt. (22 and│1 Ers. Abt. (22 and│95 F. A. Rgt.
│ 43 F. A. Rgts.). │ 43 F. A. Rgts.). │
│1 Ers. Abt. (47 and│1 Ers. Abt. (47 and│
│ 55 F. A. Rgts.). │ 55 F. A. Rgts.). │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Engineers and│1 Ers. Co. 10 │1 Ers. Co. 10 │2 Res. Co. 27
Liaisons. │ Pions. │ Pions. │ Pions.
│3 Ers. Co. 11 │3 Ers. Co. 11 │2 Ldw. Pion. Co. (3
│ Pions. │ Pions. │ C. Dist.).
│ │2 Ldw. Pion. Co. (3│307 Pion. Co.
│ │ C. Dist.). │
│ │ │309 Pion. Co.
│ │ │163 T. M. Co.
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Medical and │ │ │
Veterinary.│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Transports. │ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Attached. │ │ │27 Balloon Sqn.
─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────
│ 1917 │ 1918
─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────
│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.
─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────
Infantry. │43 Ers. │369. │43 Ers. │369.
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │370. │ │370.
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │371. │ │371.
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────
Cavalry. │1 Sqn. 1 Horse Jag.│1 Sqn. 1 Horse Jag.
│ Rgt. │ Rgt.
│Ers. Sqn. 2 Horse │
│ Jag. Rgt. │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Artillery. │95 F. A. Rgt. │95 F. A. Rgt.
│ │
│ │156 Ft. A. Btn.
│ │
│ │1058 Light Am. Col.
│ │
│ │1060 Light Am. Col.
│ │1065 Light Am. Col.
│ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Engineers and│Pion. Btn.: │510 Pion. Btn.:
Liaisons. │ │
│ 1 Ers. Co. 10 │ 246 Pion. Co.
│ Pions. │
│ 307 Pion. Co. │ 308 Pion. Co.
│ │
│ 308 Pion. Co. │ 163 T. M. Co.
│ 163 T. M. Co. │ 57 Searchlight
│ │ Section.
│ 261 Searchlight │560 Signal Command:
│ Section. │
│ 304 Tel. Detch. │ 560 Tel. Detch.
│ │ 109 Wireless
│ │ Detch.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Medical and │66 Ambulance Co. │66 Ambulance Co.
Veterinary.│ │
│139 Field Hospital.│139 Field Hospital.
│140 Field Hospital.│140 Field Hospital.
│Vet. Hospital. │212 Vet. Hospital.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Transports. │M. T. Col. │765 M. T. Col.
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Attached. │ │
─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

HISTORY.

(369th and 370th: Seventh District—Westphalia. 371st: Eleventh
District—Thuringia.)

1914.

This division was organized as early as August, 1914. It comprised the 25th, 37th, and 43d Mixed Ersatz Brigades, themselves constituted by the Brigade Ersatz Battalions of the Tenth, Seventh, and Eleventh Districts (Hanover, Oldenburg, Brunswick, Westphalia, Electoral Hesse, and Thuringia).

LORRAINE.

1. Detrained August 17 and 18 near Sarrelouis and brought quickly to the rear of the 3d Bavarian Corps August 20, and crossed the frontier the 25th. September 7 it had heavy losses at the attack against Nancy (Champenoux). The 40th Brigade Ersatz Battalion lost half its forces (notebook). It continued, however, to take part in the operations in Lorraine in the region of Moncel until September 12, 1914, after which it went to rest near Chateau Salins.

HAYE.

2. September 28 it entrained for Novéant and went into line on the Haye front, where it held various sectors (Loupmont, Richecourt, Apremont).

1915.

HAYE.

1. During 1915 the division continued to hold the Lorraine front (Haye): Loupmont, Seicheprey, Lahayville, Mort Mare Wood.

2. At the end of July the division was reorganized. Its brigade Ersatz battalions were grouped into regiments and formed the 368th, 369th, 370th, and 371st Infantry. The companies were filled up again. The 9th company of the 370th Infantry received not less than 76 replacements in August (1915 class called up in May).

1916.

WOEVRE.

1. The division remained in the Flirey-Limey sector until the end of August, 1916. At that date it was relieved by the Guard Ersatz Division and sent to rest in the region of Thiaucourt.

SOMME.

2. By September 5, leaving the 368th Regiment, which was transferred to the 213th Division, it entrained at Montmédy and went to the south of the Somme via Laon, Tergnier, and St. Quentin. It fought south of Berny en Santerre from September 14 to 25 and suffered considerable losses.

CHAMPAGNE.

3. After a short rest in the region of St. Quentin the division was sent to Champagne. Until November 12 it held, without any particular incidents, the Ste. Marie à Py and Somme Py sector.

4. From the middle of November to the middle of December it was sent to rest in the region of Attigny.

MEUSE.

5. December 28 it took over the Ornes-Bezonvaux sector.

1917.

1. Held the Verdun front (Bezonvaux) until April 19, 1917.

CHAMPAGNE.

2. Between April 20 and 25 it returned to Champagne and took part in the attack south of Moronvilliers from the beginning of May to the beginning of June. From June 9 to beginning of August it was in line in the region of Regniéville-Remenauville (Haye).

FLANDERS.

4. After a rest behind the Lorraine front, the division entrained at Chambley August 21 for Belgium. About September 24 it was engaged before Ypres near Poelcappelle.

GALICIA.

5. Withdrawn from the Belgium front about October 7 and entrained the 10th for Galicia, where it was identified south of Skala, November 17.

RECRUITING.

Westphalia and Rhine Provinces: 369th and 370th Infantry. Thuringia: 371st Infantry.

VALUE—1917 ESTIMATE.

The division suffered heavy losses in Champagne in May, 1917, and at Ypres in September and October, 1917. The division has only moderate value.

1918.

BATTLE OF THE LYS.

1. The division remained in line until the attack on the Lys in April. It was engaged north of the La Bassee Canal (Givenchy, Festubert, southeast of Lacre), from April 9 to 24. The losses were heavy, including 700 prisoners. The 360th Regiment suffered the most in the fighting.

2. It was relieved on the 12th and rested in rear of the line until the 29th, when it returned to its former sector at Locre until May 3.

3. The division rested near Roubaix (Bondues, Wambrechies) until the beginning of July. According to reports, sickness was very general throughout the division at the time.

LA BASSEE CANAL.

4. On July 14 the division entered the line south of the La Bassee Canal, coming via Lille and Seclin. It remained in this sector until October 2.

5. It moved southward to reenforce the Cambrai-St. Quentin battle front on October 7, coming into line east of Tilloy. It fell back toward Valenciennes through Escaudoevres, Iwny (Oct. 11), Verchain (Oct. 21), Maing (Oct. 24–25), Famars (Oct. 27), north of Le Quesnoy (Oct. 27). It retired to the second line about November 1, but was reengaged southeast of Antoingt on November 9.

VALUE.

The 10th Ersatz Division was rated as a third-class division. Its service in 1918 was as a sector-holding division. It appears to have been a division of average value.

10th Landwehr Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────
│ 1915 │ 1916
─────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────
│ Brigade. │ Regiment. │ Brigade. │ Regiment.
─────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────
Infantry. │ │1 E. │(?) │372.
│ │ Konigsberg │ │
│ │ (377). │ │
│ │3 E. │ │373.
│ │ Konigsberg │ │
│ │ (378). │ │
│9 Ldw. │24 Ldw. │180. │377.
│ │48 Ldw. │ │378.
─────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────
Cavalry. │91 Ldw. Cav. Rgt. │91 Ldw. Cav. Rgt.
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Artillery. │97 F. A. Rgt. │97 F. A. Rgt.
│ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Engineers and│ │3 Co. 2 Pions.
Liaisons. │ │
│ │310 T. M. Co.
│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Medical and │ │
Veterinary.│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Transports. │ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Attached. │ │437 Inf. Rgt.
│ │
─────────────┴─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────

─────────────┬─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────
│ 1917 │ 1918
─────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────
│ Brigade. │ Regiment. │ Brigade. │ Regiment.
─────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────
Infantry. │180. │372. │180. │372.
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │377. │ │377.
│ │ │ │
│ │ │ │
│ │378. │ │378.
│ │ │ │
─────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────
Cavalry. │5 Sqn. 7 Dragoon Rgt. │5 Sqn. 7 Drag. Rgt.
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Artillery. │130 Art. Command: │130 Art. Command:
│ 97 F. A. Rgt. │ 97 F. A. Rgt.
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Engineers and│410 Pion. Btn.: │3 Field Co. 1 Pion. Btn. No.
Liaisons. │ │ 2.
│ 3 Co. 2 Pions. │1 Landst. Co. 5 C. Dist.
│ │ Pions.
│ 310 T. M. Co. │310 T. M. Co.
│ 320 Searchlight Section. │510 Tel. Detch.
│ Tel. Detch. │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Medical and │213 Ambulance Co. │213 Ambulance Co.
Veterinary.│ │
│147 Field Hospital. │147 Field Hospital.
│148 Field Hospital. │148 Field Hospital.
│210 Vet. Hospital. │— Vet. Hospital.
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Transports. │— M. T. Col. │— M. T. Col.
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Attached. │1 Landst. Pion. Btn. (4 C. │
│ Dist.). │
─────────────┴─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────

HISTORY.

(First District—Eastern Prussia.)

1915.

The present 10th Landwehr Division (the old 10th Landwehr Division took the name of the 1st Landwehr Division) was built around the 9th Landwehr Brigade (Brandenburg), which was brought to Koenigsburg as early as August 14, 1914, to constitute its war garrison. It found at Koenigsburg some of the mobile depot battalions of the regiments of the 1st Army Corps, from which came the three Koenigsburg Ersatz infantry regiments, which became, respectively, the 376th, 377th, and 378th Infantry. The present 372d Infantry is the former Ersatz infantry regiment of the 10th Landwehr Division.

POLAND.

1. These troops, at first fighting in eastern Prussia, took part in the campaign in Poland with the 1st Landwehr Corps, beginning with the first part of 1915.

2. About the end of July, 1915, the division took part in the offensive against the Russians, forced the passage of the Narew, and advanced east of Vilna to the region of Vileiki in September.

LAKE NAROTCH.

3. After the front was stabilized it established itself between Spiagla and Lake Svir, south of Lake Narotch.

1916.

1. The division remained in line near Lake Svir until July, 1916.

VOLHYNIA.

2. About July 27 the units of the division were relieved from the front of Lake Narotch and sent to Volhynia to the Von Linsingen Army. The 9th Landwehr Brigade became independent and did not follow the division, which was reduced to three regiments. These were engaged on the banks of the Stokhod at the end of July at Lokatchi and Kachovka and remained in line in the region of Kisselin and Sviniouki until the beginning of 1918.

1917.

VOLHYNIA.

1. January to December, 1917, in the Kisselin-Sviniouki sector.

2. In November, 1917, the three regiments of the division furnished 60 men per company for the Western Front, picked from the strongest, and received in exchange older men. In October, 16 men per company had already been transferred to the 14th Division following the latter’s losses on the Aisne.

RECRUITING.

The division is sufficiently homogeneous, the regiments as a rule coming from eastern Prussia. However, the necessity of filling up the ranks before being sent to France brought it a number of men from other Provinces.

VALUE—1917 ESTIMATE.

In spite of its drafts, which are good, and the large number of officers, many of whom are in the active army, the division remained on the Eastern Front until March, 1918. Up to the present time it has received no training with a view to warfare on the Western Front, and must be considered for the time being as of mediocre value (April, 1918). The men of more than 35 years of age were left in Russia as abrüstungs kommando (cleaning up and salvage).

1918.

SECOND BATTLE OF THE MARNE.

1. On June 3 the division entrained in the Woevre and traveled via Conflans-Sedan-Mezieres-Laon to Malmaison, where it detrained on June 4. It marched to the front via Fismes, Fere en Tardenois, and Fresnes. It came into line on the Marne near Mont St. Pere about June 10. Here it was in line until July 15, when it dropped back to permit an attacking division to pass through. In the retreat the division again came into line a few days later and was heavily engaged on the defense until about August 1.

2. Heavy losses, including 300 prisoners on July 23, led to the dissolution of the division. Its effectives were turned into other fresh divisions. The 372d, 377th, and 378th went to the 37th Division, 36th Division, and 201st Division in the order named.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

The division was rated as a fourth-class division.

10th Bavarian Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────
│ 1915 │ 1916
─────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────
│ Brigade. │ Regiment. │ Brigade. │ Regiment.
─────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────
Infantry. │20 Bav. │16 Bav. │20 Bav. │16 Bav.
│ │6 Bav. Res. │ │6 Bav. Res.
│ │8 Bav. Res. │ │8 Bav. Res.
─────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────
Cavalry. │3 Sqn. 5 Bav. Light Cav. Rgt.│5 Bav. Light Cav. Rgt. (3
│ │ Sqns.).
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Artillery. │10 Bav. Brig.: │10 Bav. Brig.:
│ 19 Bav. F. A. Rgt. (6 │ 19 Bav. F. A. Rgt.
│ Btries.). │
│ 20 Bav. F. A. Rgt. (6 │ 20 Bav. F. A. Rgt.
│ Btries., of which 3 are │
│ How.). │
│ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Engineers and│20 Bav. Pion. Co. │20 Bav. Pion. Co.
Liaisons. │ │
│ │10 Bav. T. M. Co.
│ │10 Bav. Pont. Engs.
│ │10 Bav. Tel. Detch.
│ │
│ │
│ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Medical and │ │
Veterinary.│ │
│ │
│ │
│ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Transports. │ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Odd Units. │ │10 Bav. Cyclist Co.
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Attached. │ │
─────────────┴─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────

─────────────┬─────────────────────────────┬─────────────────────────────
│ 1917 │ 1918[10]
─────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────┼──────────────┬──────────────
│ Brigade. │ Regiment. │ Brigade. │ Regiment.
─────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────
Infantry. │20 Bav. │16 Bav. │20 Bav. │16 Bav.
│ │6 Bav. Res. │ │6 Bav. Res.
│ │8 Bav. Res. │ │8 Bav. Res.
─────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────┼──────────────┴──────────────
Cavalry. │3 Sqn. 5 Bav. Light Cav. Rgt.│3 Sqn. 5 Bav. Light Cav. Rgt.
│ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Artillery. │10 Bav. Art. Command: │10 Bav. Art. Command:
│ 19 Bav. F. A. Rgt. │ 20 Bav. F. A. Rgt.
│ │
│ 20 Bav. F. A. Rgt. │
│ │
│ │
│ │
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Engineers and│10 Bav. Pion. Btn.: │10 Bav. Pion. Btn.:
Liaisons. │ │
│ 20 Bav. Pion. Co. │ 20 Bav. Pion. Co.
│ 23 Bav. Pion. Co. │ 23 Bav. Pion. Co.
│ 10 Bav. T. M. Co. │ 19 Searchlight Section.
│ 19 Searchlight Section. │ 10 Bav. T. M. Co.
│ Tel. Detch. │ 10 Bav. Tel. Detch.
│ │ 97 Wireless Detch.
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Medical and │10 Bav. Ambulance Co. │10 Bav. Ambulance Co.
Veterinary.│ │
│31 Bav. Field Hospital. │31 Bav. Field Hospital.
│34 Bav. Field Hospital. │34 Bav. Field Hospital.
│Vet. Hospital. │10 Bav. Vet. Hospital.
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Transports. │M. T. Col. │690 Bav. M. T. Col.
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Odd Units. │10 Bav. Cyclist Co. │10 Bav. Cyclist Co.
─────────────┼─────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────
Attached. │ │19 Bav. F. A. Rgt.
─────────────┴─────────────────────────────┴─────────────────────────────
Footnote 10:

Composition at time of dissolution, August, 1918.

HISTORY.

(16th Bavarian: First Bavarian District—Lower Bavaria. 6th Reserve
Bavarian and 8th Reserve Bavarian: Second Bavarian District—Bavarian
Palatinate.)

1915.

This division was organized in Belgium in March, 1915. Its three infantry regiments were drawn from already existing Bavarian divisions—the 16th Bavarian from the 1st Bavarian Division, the 6th Reserve Bavarian from the 5th Bavarian Reserve Division, and the 8th Bavarian Reserves from the 4th Bavarian Division.

1. In April, 1915, the division was in the region of Tournai.

SOMME.

2. In May it took over the sector of Lihons-Estrees road to Foucaucourt, which it occupied until the Franco-British offensive of 1916.

3. In October some units of the division were sent as reinforcements to Neuville-St. Vaast and to Champagne.

1916.

SOMME.

1. Remained in the Foucaucourt-Lihons sector until the middle of June, 1916.

2. At the end of June it was sent south of Bapaume and took part in the battle of the Somme near Contalmaison, Bazentin le Petit, and Longueval from July 1 to the end of July. The 6th Reserve Infantry suffered heavily. Its 2d Battalion lost 11 officers and 724 men (casualty lists).

GALICIA.

3. About the middle of August the division was sent to the Eastern Front (Stanislau) and the trip lasted from August 13 to 18.

BUKOVINA.

4. September and October: Bukovina (Dorna-Vatra, Kirlibaba, west of Mont Capoul). It fought against the right wing of the Roumanian Army.

TRANSYLVANIA.

5. From November, 1916, to the end of January, 1917, it held the sector of Tolgyes in Transylvania.

1917.

GALICIA.

1. At the beginning of February, 1917, the division left the Roumanian front and went to Galicia (sector of Zalosce) from February to May, being attached to the 2d Austro-Hungarian Army.

FRANCE.

2. In May the division returned to France, via Zloczow (May 19), Lemberg, Cracow, Breslau, Frankfort on Main, Treves.

ALSACE.

Detrained about May 25 in the region of Mulhouse; then was sent to rest and training in Upper Alsace at the beginning of June and sent to Belgium (June 12 to 14).

FLANDERS.

3. Fought south of the Ypres-Comines canal where it opposed the attack of July 31. It then went to the region of Catelet (sector of Gonnelieu) from August 12 to the end of September. It was near Becelaere in October.

RUSSIA.

4. At the end of October it was again sent to the Eastern Front. After a few weeks’ rest at Brest Litovsk it returned to France without having fought. Entrained November 22 at Brest Litovsk and detrained in Lorraine the 27th. Itinerary: Warsaw-Posen-Erfurt.

LORRAINE.

5. On November 29 to 30 it went into line in the forest of Bezange and was relieved in the middle of January, 1918.

RECRUITING.

The 16th Infantry: Lower Bavaria. The two other regiments: Bavarian Palatinate.

VALUE—1917 ESTIMATE.

The greater part of the division is composed of young men. It does not seem to have suffered any losses for a long time. However, its morale seems to have been shaken at times. When it was sent from St. Quentin to Ypres at the end of September, 1917, it is believed that the officers of the 16th Infantry had trouble in preventing a mutiny. (British Information Bulletin, Oct. 12, 1917.)

1918.

1. The division was relieved in the Vosges on May 13 and rested near Dieuze until May 30. It entrained and moved by Metz and Sedan, Charleville, Liart, and detrained near Laon on the 30th–31st. It moved to the front by Bruyeres, Braye en Laennois, Mont Notre-Dame, Neuilly- St. Front.

BATTLE OF THE AISNE AND MARNE.

2. It was reengaged southeast of Troësnes-Passy en Valois (on the Ourcq) from June 5 to July 18. It was thrown back on Rozet St. Albin (July 20) and then west of Armentieres (21st). About that date the division was relieved.

The division was dissolved in August and its units sent to the 6th Bavarian Reserve Division, 11th Bavarian Division, and 14th Bavarian Division.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

The division was rated as a second-class division. In 1918 it saw but six weeks of active fighting before it was dissolved.

11th Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────
│ 1914 │ 1915 │ 1916
─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────
│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.
─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────
Infantry. │21. │10 Gren. │21. │10 Gren. │21. │10 Gren.
│ │38 Fus. │ │38 Fus. │ │38 Fus.
│22. │11 Gren. │22. │11 Gren. │22. │11 Gren.
│ │51. │ │51. │ │51.
─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────
Cavalry. │2 Uhlan Rgt. │1 and 4 Sqns., 2 │
│ │ Uhlan Rgt. │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Artillery. │11 Brig.: │11 Brig.: │11 Brig.:
│ 6 F. A. Rgt. │ 6 F. A. Rgt. │ 6 F. A. Rgt. (6
│ │ │ 4.9 cm. gun
│ │ │ Btries.).
│ 42 F. A. Rgt. │ 42 F. A. Rgt. │ 42 F. A. Rgt.
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Engineers and│ │1 Pion. Btn. No. 6:│1 Pion. Btn. No. 6:
Liaisons. │ │ │
│ │ Field Co. 6 Pions.│ 1 Co. 6 Pions.
│ │ 11 Pont. Engs. │ 5 Co. 6 Pions.
│ │ 11 Tel. Detch. │ 11 T. M. Co.
│ │ │ 11 Pont. Engs.
│ │ │
│ │ │ 11 Tel. Detch.
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Medical and │ │ │
Veterinary.│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Transports. │ │ │
│ │ │
─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────
Attached. │ │ │Anti-aircraft
│ │ │ Section.
│ │ │38 Labor Btn.
─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────