Chapter VI

CONFLICT BETWEEN THE NATIONAL AND FEDERAL SYSTEMS.--DIVISION
OF THE LEGISLATURE INTO TWO CHAMBERS.--DISAGREEMENT OF THE
STATES ON THE NATURE OF REPRESENTATION IN THE TWO
BRANCHES.--THREATENED DISSOLUTION OF THE UNION.

Different Magnitudes of the States 116

Inequalities in other Respects 117

The Majority and Minority of States 117, 118

Views of New York 118-121

Luther Martin's Opinions 121

Position of Connecticut 122

Nature of the Question between the Larger and the Smaller
States 122-125

Advantages of a National System 127

Difficulties attending it 128

Dangers of adhering inflexibly to Theory 129

Division of the Legislature into Two Chambers 130

Origin of the Division in England 130, 131

Practical Advantages of the Separation 131, 132

Why resisted by the Minority 133

Defect in the Virginia Plan 133

Mode of electing the Members 134

Rule of Suffrage for the House 135

Madison's View of the Interest of the Small States 136

Hamilton on the Consequences of Dissolution 136, 137

Evil Results of a perfect Theory 137

Purpose of a Senate 138

Necessity for a distinct Basis 138-140

Irreconcilable Differences 140

Proposition of Compromise rejected 141

Disagreement on the Senate 141

Consequences of a Failure to form a Constitution 142-144