Chapter II: Book I

STATE OF MATTERS BEFORE THE REFORMATION.
PAGE

CHAP. I.

Christianity--Formation of the Papacy--Unity of the Church--The
Decretals--Hildebrand--Corruption of Doctrine, 13

CHAP. II.

Grace and Works--Pelagianism--Penances--Indulgences--
Supererogation--Purgatory--Taxation--Jubilee, 27

CHAP. III.

Relics--Easter Merriment--Corruption of the Clergy--A Priest's
Family--Education--Ignorance, 34

CHAP. IV.

Christianity Imperishable--Opposition to Rome--Frederick the
Wise--His Character--His Anticipation, 42

CHAP. V.

The Empire--National Character--Switzerland--Italy--Spain--
Portugal--France--Netherlands--England--Scotland--The
North--Russia--Poland--Bohemia--Hungary, 48

CHAP. VI.

State of Theology--Witnesses for the Truth--The Vaudois--
Wickliffe---Huss--Savonarola--John Wessel--Prolés, 58

CHAP. VII.

Literature--Dante--Printing--Reuchlin--His Struggle with the
Dominicans, 71

CHAP. VIII.

Erasmus--His Genius--His 'Praise of Folly'--His Greek Testament--
His Influence--His Failings, 82

CHAP. IX.

The Nobles--Hütten--'Letters of some Obscure Men'--Seckingen--
Cronberg--Hans Sachs--General Fermentation, 94