Chapter XII: Book II: xix. 23 (1)

[26]

Procopius seems to have confused two separate and distinct rivers.

[27]

Cf. Book II. xv. 11.

[28]

Latin _clausura_, "a narrow shut-in road."

* * * * *

INDEX

Abandanes, secretary of Chosroes, sent to Belisarius, II. xxi. 1 ff.; his report, II. xxi. 13, 14

Abasgi, their location, II. xxix. 15; friends of the Romans, _ib._

Abochorabus, ruler of the Saracens of Arabia, presents the Palm Groves
to Justinian, I. xix. 10 ff.

Aborrhas River, protects one side of Circesium, II. v. 2; near Theodosiopolis, II. xix. 29

Abramus, becomes king of the Homeritae, I. xx. 3; his servile origin, I. xx. 4; defeats two Aethiopian armies, I. xx. 5-7; pays tribute to the Aethiopians, I. xx. 8; his idle promises to Justinian to invade Persia, I. xx. 13

Abydus, city opposite Sestus on the Hellespont, II. iv. 9

Acacius, father of Adolius, II. xxi. 2; denounces Amazaspes to the emperor, II. iii. 4; slays him treacherously, II. iii. 5; his shameless career as governor of Armenia, II. iii. 6, 7; slain by the Armenians, II. iii. 7

Adarbiganon, Chosroes halts there with his army, II. xxiv. 1; the fire-sanctuary located there, II. xxiv. 2; abandoned by Chosroes, II. xxiv. 12

Adergoudounbades, made "chanaranges" by Chosroes, I. vi. 15, 18; saves Cabades from the hand of Chosroes, I. xxiii. 7 ff.; betrayed by his son, I. xxiii. 13; his death, I. xxiii. 21

Adolius, son of Acacius, an Armenian, urges severe treatment of Armenians, II. iii. 10; commander of Roman cavalry, II. xxi. 2, 18, 20; commands a detachment in an army to invade Persia, II. xxiv. 13; killed by a stone, II. xxv. 35

Adonachus, commander in Chalcis, II. xii. 2

Adrastadaran Salanes, an office in Persia of high authority (_lit._ "Leader of the Warriors"), I. vi 18, xi. 25; held only by Seoses, I. xi. 38

Adulis, in Aethiopia, the city and harbour, distance from Auxomis, I. xix. 22; home of a certain Roman trader, I. xx. 4

Aegypt, its topography, I. xix. 3; John the Cappadocian an exile there, I. xxv. 43; the pestilence there, II. xxii. 6

Aeimachus, a butcher of Antioch, his encounter with a Persian horseman,
II. xi. 8 ff.

Aelas, on the "Red Sea," I. xix. 3, 19, 24

Aethiopians, location of their country, I. xix. 17; the ships used there, I. xix. 23; iron not produced there nor imported from elsewhere, I. xix. 24. 25; sought as allies by Justinian, I. xix. 1, xx. 9 ff., II. iii. 40; unable to buy silk from the Indians, I. xx. 12

Agamemnon, father of Iphigenia, I. xvii. II

Agesta, _i.e._, "agger," employed by the Persians in besieging Edessa,
II. xxvi. 29

Aigan, Massagete chief, in the Roman army at the battle of Daras,
I. xiii. 20, xiv. 39, 44

Alamoundaras, son of Saccice, king of the Saracens, marches with the Persian army, I. xvii. 1; his character and services to the Persians, I. xvii. 40 ff.; advises Cabades to invade Roman territory south of the Euphrates River, I. xvii. 30 ff.; retires with Azarethes before Belisarius, I. xviii. 9 ff.; brings charge against Arethas of violating boundary lines, II. i. 3; war with Arethas, II. xxviii. 12-14; sacrifices to Aphrodite the son of Arethas, II. xxviii. 13; sought as an ally by Justinian, II. i. 13, iii. 47; accused by Justinian of violating the treaty, II. iv. 21; a menace to Syria and Phoenicia, II. xvi. 17; also to Lebanon, II. xix. 34

Alani, their location, II. xxix. 15; friends of the Romans, _ib._; neighbours of the Sunitae, I. xv. 1; persuaded by Goubazes to ally themselves with him, II. xxix. 29

Albani, a people near the Taurus, I. x. 1

Alexander, son of Philip, fortified the Caspian Gates, I. x. 9; Justinian compared with him, II. ii. 15

Alexander, ambassador to the Persians, I. xxii. 1

Alexandria, visited by the pestilence, II. xxii. 6; citizens of, accused by John the Cappadocian, I. xxv. 44

Amazaspes, nephew of Symeon, made ruler of certain Armenian villages, II. iii. 3; denounced to the emperor, II. iii. 4; treacherously slain, II. iii. 5

Ambazouces, a Hun, offers to sell to Anastasius the control of the Caspian Gates, I. x. 10; his death, I. x. 12

Ambrus, a Saracen Christian, saves Sergiopolis from capture by Chosroes,
II. xx. 10, 14

Amida, a city on the border between Armenia and Mesopotamia, I. xvii. 24; distance from Martyropolis, I. xxi. 6; distance from the Nymphius River, I. viii. 22; from Siphrios, I. viii. 10; from Endielon, I. vii. 5; from Thilasamon, I. ix. 14; besieged by Cabades, I. vii. 3, 12 ff.; bravely defended, I. vii. 4, 12 ff.; captured by Cabades, I. vii. 29; besieged by the Romans, I. ix. 1-4; recovered by the Romans by purchase, I. ix. 20, 23; captives of, generously treated by Chosroes, I. vii. 34; citizens relieved of taxes, I. vii. 35

Ammodios, a place near Daras, I. xiii. 15, 38; II. xxviii. 35

Anastasius, Roman emperor, uncle of Hypatius, I. viii. 2, xi. 24; of Probus, I. xii. 6; and of Pompeius, I. xxiv. 19; refuses to purchase from Ambazouces the control of the Caspian Gates, I. x. 10, 11, xvi. 4; insurrection raised against him by Vitalianus, I. viii. 3, xiii. 10; refuses request of Cabades for a loan, I. vii. 1, 2; shews favour to citizens of Amida, I. vii. 35; sends succour to Amida, I. viii. 1; fortifies Daras, I. x. 13; placates Cabades, I. x. 17; fortifies Theodosiopolis, I. x. 18, 19; his death, I. xi. 1

Anastasius of Daras, overthrows tyranny there, I. xxvi. 8, II. iv. 15; bears a letter from Justinian to Chosroes, II. iv. 15; detained by Chosroes, II. iv. 26; dismissed by Chosroes, II. v. 27; present with Chosroes at the sack of Sura, II. ix. 10

Anatolius, General of the East, averts danger to the empire by courtesy
to the Persian king, I. ii. 12-15

Andreas, of Byzantium, his exploits in single combat, I. xiii. 30 ff.

Anglon, village in Persarmenia, II. xxv. 5; Roman armies routed there, II. xxv. 23 ff.

Aniabedes, sent by Chosroes to capture Petra, II. xvii. 4; impaled by Chosroes, II. xvii. 11

Antinous, city of, in Aegypt, John the Cappadocian imprisoned there,
I. xxv. 43

Antioch, its importance, I. xvii. 36, II. viii. 23, ix. 3, x. 5; situation, II. vi. 10, viii. 21; ease with which it might be captured, I. xvii. 38; character of the inhabitants, I. xvii. 37, II. viii. 6; distance from Beroea, II. vii. 21; from Seleucia, II. xi. 1; visited by an earthquake, II. xiv. 6; the citizens propose to buy off Chosroes, II. vi. 16; besieged by Chosroes, II. viii. 1 ff.; the wall stormed by Chosroes, II. viii. 8 ff.; captured by Chosroes, II. viii. 20 ff.; plundered by Chosroes, II. ix. 14 ff.; burnt, II. ix. 17, 18; young men of, check the victorious Persians in a street fight, II. viii. 28, 29, 32, ix. 5; citizens of, massacred by the Persians, II. viii. 34; church of, robbed of great treasures by Chosroes, II. ix. 15, 16; spared in the burning of the city, II. ix. 18, x. 6; citizens of, receive portent of coming misfortunes, II. x. 1 ff.; xiv. 5; two women of, their sad fate at the capture of the city, II. viii. 35; captives of, offered for sale by Chosroes, II. xiii. 2 ff.; settled by Chosroes in a newly built city under special laws, II. xiv. 1 ff.

Antioch of Chosroes, special laws concerning it, II. xiv. 3, 4

Antonina, wife of Belisarius, brings about the downfall of John the Cappadocian, I. xxv. 13 ff.; departs to the East, I. xxv. 23

Apamea, city of Syria, II. xi. 2, 4; wood of the Cross preserved there, II. xi. 14; it gives forth a miraculous light in the church, II. xi. 17, 18; visited by Chosroes, II. xi. 14 ff.; entered by Chosroes and robbed of all its treasure, II. xi. 24 ff.; a citizen of, accuses a Persian of having violated his daughter, II. xi. 36

Aphrodite, son of Arethas sacrificed to, II. xxviii. 13

Apion, an Aegyptian, manager of finances in the Roman army, I. viii. 5

Arabia, its location, I. xix. 20

Arabian Gulf, called "Red Sea" by Procopius, I. xix. 2; its description, I. xix. 2 ff.

Aratius, in company with Narses defeats Sittas and Belisarius, I. xii. 21, 22; deserts to the Romans, I. xii. 22, xv. 31; sent to Italy, I. xii. 22

Arcadius, Roman emperor, when about to die makes provision for the
safety of his heir, I. ii. 1 ff.

Archaeopolis, a strong city of Lazica, II. xxix. 18

Areobindus, son-in-law of Olyvrius, Roman general, I. viii. 1; flees with his army before Cabades, I. viii. 10, 11; summoned to Byzantium, I. ix. 1

Ares, House of, portion of the imperial residence in Byzantium, I. xxiv. 9

Arethas, son of Gabalas, made king of the Saracens of Arabia by Justinian and pitted against Alamoundaras, I. xvii. 47, 48; with the Roman army, I. xviii. 7; at the battle on the Euphrates, I. xviii. 26, 35; quarrels with Alamoundaras, II. i. 3-7; joins Belisarius in Mesopotamia, II. xvi. 5; sent by Belisarius to plunder Assyria, II. xix. 11, 15 ff.; returns another way, II. xix. 26 ff.; wages war against Alamoundaras, II. xxviii. 12-14; son of, sacrificed to Aphrodite, II. xxviii. 13

Argek, a guardsman, his effective fighting against the Persians at Edessa,
II. xxvi. 26, 27

Armenia, considered by some to extend as far as Amida, I. xvii. 24; Armenians wage war with Persia, I. v. 10 ff.; History of the Armenians, I. v. 9, 40

Arsaces, king of Armenia, progenitor of the Arsacidae, II. iii. 32; his abdication, II. iii. 35

Arsaces, king of Armenia, wages a truceless war with Persia, I. v. 10 ff.; slandered to Pacurius, I. v. 16; victim of strategem of Magi, betrays himself to Pacurius, I. v. 19 ff.; confined in the Prison of Oblivion, I. v. 29 ff.; kills himself, I. v. 39

Arsaces, last king of Armenia, gives his kingdom to Theodosius, II. iii. 35

Arsaces, commander in Sura, killed while valiantly defending the city,
II. v. 11

Arsacidae, descendants of the Armenian king, Arsaces, II. iii. 32;
their privileges, II. iii. 35

Arsinus River, tributary to the Euphrates, I. xvii. 21

Artabanes, son of John, of the Arsacidae, slays Sittas, II. iii. 25

Artace, suburb of Cyzicus, I. xxv. 31

Artemis among the Taurians, sanctuary of, in Celesene, I. xvii. 11; a sanctuary of, founded by Orestes in Pontus, I. xvii. 15; another in Cappadocia, I. xvii. 18

Arzamon, in Mesopotamia, distance from Constantina, I. viii. 10

Arzanene, district of Armenia beyond the River Nymphius, I. viii. 21, II. xv. 7; invaded by Celer, I. viii. 21

Ascan, a Massagete chief, at the battle of Daras, I. xiii. 21, xiv. 44; his exploits at the battle on the Euphrates and his death, I. xviii. 38

Asia, entered from the Hellespont by the Huns, II. iv. 9

Aspebedes, uncle of Chosroes, I. xi. 5, xxiii. 6; negotiates a treaty with Celer, I. ix. 24; shares command of invading army, I. xxi. 4; put to death by Chosroes, I. xxiii. 6

Aspetiani, their alliance with Sittas frustrated by a misunderstanding,
II. iii. 12-18

Assyria, plundered by Arethas, II. xix. 15 ff.

Athens, a city near Lazica, II. xxix. 22, xxx. 14

Attachas, place in Armenia, distance from Martyropolis, I. xxi. 9

Augarus, toparch of Edessa, II. xii. 8; friend of Augustus, II. xii. 8, 9; his visit to Rome, II. xii. 9 ff.; with difficulty persuades Augustus to allow him to return, II. xii. 11 ff.; receives from Augustus the promise of a hippodrome for Edessa, II. xii. 18; his enigmatic reply to the enquiries of the citizens, II. xii. 19; stricken with gout, seeks relief from physicians, II. xii. 20, 21; invites Christ to come to Edessa, II. xii. 24; cured upon receiving the reply of Christ, II. xii. 28; son of, an unrighteous ruler, delivers over Edessa to Persia, II. xii. 28

Augustus, Roman emperor, his affection for Augarus, II. xii. 8-19

Augustus, priest in Byzantium, II. xxx. 53, 54

Auxomis, capital city of the Homeritae, I. xix. 17; distance from Adulis, I. xix. 22; from Elephantina and the Roman boundary, I. xix. 27

Auxomitae, name applied to some of the Aethiopians, I. xix. 17

Azarethes, Persian general, invades Roman territory, I. xvii. 1, xviii. 1; retires before Belisarius, I. xviii. 9 ff.; exhorts the Persian army, I. xviii. 27 ff.; arrays them for battle, I. xviii. 30; dishonoured by Cabades, I. xviii. 51 ff.; at the siege of Edessa, II. xxvii. 41

Baradotus, priest of Constantina, his godliness, II. xiii. 13; persuades Cabades to spare Constantina, II. xiii. 14, 15

Barbalissum, fortress on the Euphrates, distance from Obbane, II. xii. 4

Barbarian Plain, The, near Sergiopolis, II. v. 29

Baresmanas, Persian general, at the battle of Daras, I. xiii. 16, xiv. 32, 45; standard bearer of, attacked and killed by Sunicas, I. xiv. 47-50

Barlaus, Gate of, in the wall of Edessa, II. xxvii. 44

Basilides, appointed quaestor in place of Tribunianus, I. xxiv. 18

Basilius, father of John of Edessa, II. xxi. 27

Bassaces, son-in-law of John, accompanies him on a mission to Bouzes, II. iii. 29; escapes with his companions from an ambush, II. iii. 30; leads an embassy to the Persian king, II. iii. 31; comes with Armenians to Byzantium, II. xxi. 34

Bassicius, trusted friend of the Armenian king Arsaces, I. v. 17;
flayed by Pacurius, I. v. 28

Batne, fortress one day's journey distant from Edessa, II. xii. 31

Belisarius, married to Antonina, I. xxv. 11; in company with Sittas invades Persarmenia, I. xii. 20, 21; defeated by Narses and Aratius, I. xii. 22; appointed commander of troops in Daras with Procopius his adviser, I. xii. 24; at the command of Justinian undertakes to build a fortress in Mindouos, I. xiii. 2, 3; prevented by the Persians, I. xiii. 4 ff.; made General of the East, I. xiii. 9; in company with Hermogenes prepares to meet the Persians at Daras, I. xiii. 12 ff.; at the battle of Daras, I. xiii. 19 ff.; sends letters to Mirranes, I. xiv. 1 ff., 7; address to his soldiers, I. xiv. 20 ff.; arrays the army on the second day of the battle of Daras, I. xiv. 28; wins a brilliant victory, I. xiv. 47 ff.; recalls the Romans from the pursuit of the Persians, I. xiv. 53; hurries to meet the invading army of Azarethes I. xviii. 4; follows the retiring Persian army, I. xviii. 9 ff.; ridiculed by his army, I. xviii. 12; attempts to dissuade the Romans from battle, I. xviii. 16 ff.; insulted by his army, I. xviii. 24; arrays them for battle, I. xviii. 25, 26; fights valiantly after most of the Roman army had been routed, I. xviii. 41 ff.; returns to Byzantium in order to go against the Vandals, I. xxi. 2; his share in quelling the Nika insurrection, I. xxiv. 40 ff.; made General of the East and sent to Libya, I. xxvi. 1; victorious in Italy, II. i. 1; brings Vittigis to Byzantium, II. iv. 13; shares the command of the East with Bouzes, II. vi. 1; summoned from Italy to Byzantium, II. xiv. 8; sent against Chosroes, II. xiv. 8, 13; gathers an army in Mesopotamia, II. xvi. 1 ff.; invades Persia, II. xviii. 1 ff.; defeats Nabedes at Nisibis, II. xviii. 24, 25; sends Arethas into Assyria, II. xix. 15; attacks Sisauranon, II. xix. 4 ff.; captures it, II. xix. 24; holds consultation with commanders, II. xix. 35 ff.; returns to Roman territory, II. xix. 45; recalled to Byzantium, II. xix. 49; journeys swiftly to the East to confront Chosroes, II. xx. 20; gathers an army at Europum, II. xx. 24 ff.; receives Abandanes, the envoy of Chosroes, I. xxi. 2 ff.; forces Chosroes to retire, II. xxi. 21; gives John of Edessa as a hostage, II. xxi. 27; his great fame, II. xxi. 28, 29; summoned to Byzantium, II. xxi. 34

Beroea, a town of Syria between Hierapolis and Antioch, II. vii. 2; distance from Chalcis, II. xii. 1; Chosroes demands money from the inhabitants, II. vii. 5; the citizens retire to the acropolis, II. vii. 7; the lower city entered by Chosroes and a large part of it fired, II. vii. 10, 11; acropolis valiantly defended against Chosroes, II. vii. 12; miserable plight of the besieged, II. vii. 13; citizens capitulate to Chosroes, II. vii. 35

Beros, an Erulian leader, encamps near Martinus, II. xxiv. 14; with Philemouth follows Peter into Persia, II. xxiv. 18

Bessas, a Goth, officer in the Roman army, I. viii. 3; commander in Martyropolis, I. xxi. 5

Bithynians, on the Euxine Sea, II. xxviii. 23

Black Gulf, II. iv. 8

Black Sea, _See_ "Euxine."

Blases, brother of Perozes, chosen king in place of Cabades, deposed, I. v. 2; imprisoned and blinded by Cabades, I. vi. 17

Blemyes, a people of upper Aegypt, I. xix. 28; receive annual payment from the Roman emperor, I. xix. 32, 33; Diocletian purposes to hold them in check by means of the Nobatae, I. xix. 30; their religion, I. xix. 35, 36

Bleschames, commander of the Persian soldiers in Sisauranon, II. xix. 3; sent to Byzantium by Belisarius with Persian captives, II. xix. 24; sent to Italy by Justinian, II. xix. 25

Blue Faction, their struggles with the Green Faction, I. xxiv. 2-6; favoured by Justinian, II. xi. 32; in the Nika insurrection, I. xxiv. 7 ff.; also called the "Veneti"

Blue Colonnade, in Byzantium, I. xxiv. 49

Boas River, considered by Procopius the upper portion of the Phasis,
II. xxix. 14-16

Boes, a Persian general, I. xii. 10

Bolum, fortress in Persarmenia, near which were the gold mines of the Persian king, I. xv. 18; betrayed to the Romans by Isaac, I. xv. 32, 33; its return demanded by Chosroes, I. xxii. 3; given up by the Romans, I. xxii. 18

Boraedes, nephew of Justinian, assists in making Hypatius prisoner,
I. xxiv. 53

Bosporus, a city on the Euxine, I. xii. 7; citizens of, put themselves under the sway of Justinus, I. xii. 8; Justinian accused of seizing it, II. iii. 40

Bouzes, brother of Coutzes, commander in Lebanon, I. xiii. 5; sent to support Belisarius at Mindouos, _ib._; commander in Martyropolis, I. xxi. 5; at the battle of Daras, I. xiii. 19, 25 ff.; sent against the Armenians, II. iii. 28; his offers of friendship distrusted by them, II. iii. 28, 29; slays John treacherously, II. iii. 31; shares the command of the East with Belisarius, II. vi. 1; makes suggestions as to the defence of Hierapolis, II. vi. 2 ff.; abandons the city, II. vi. 7, 8; prevents the citizens of Edessa from ransoming the captives of Antioch, II. xiii. 6; favours invasion of Persia by Belisarius, II. xvi. 16; takes refuge with Justus in Hierapolis, II. xx. 20; they invite Belisarius to join them, II. xx. 21 ff.; but later come to him at Europum, II. xx. 28

Braducius, interpreter of Isdigousnas, II. xxviii. 41

Bronze Gate, in the emperor's palace in Byzantium, I. xxiv. 47

Bulicas, harbour of the Homeritae, I. xix. 21

Byzantium, Nika insurrection, I. xxiv. 1 ff.; suburbs ravaged by Huns, II. iv. 4; visited by the pestilence, II. xxii. 9 ff.; Chosroes contemplates its capture by way of the Euxine, II. xxviii. 23

Cabades, youngest son of Perozes, I. iv. 2; chosen king of Persia, I. iv. 34; introduces innovations into the Persian government displeasing the people, I. v. 1; cast into the Prison of Oblivion, I. v. 7; escapes from it, I. vi. 7, 8, 10; enters Persia with an army of Ephthalitae, I. vi. 10-17; appoints Adergoudounbades "chanaranges" I. vi. 15, 18; deposes Blases, I. vi. 17; institutes a new office, I. vi. 18, 19; appeals to Anastasius for a loan, I. vii. 1; invades Roman territory, I. vii. 3; grants request of Jacobus, the hermit, I. vii. 9-11; besieges Amida, I. vii. 12-29; captures Amida, I. vii. 29; puts Glones in command of the city, I. vii. 33; his treatment of the captives of Amida, I. vii. 34; routs the Roman armies near Amida, I. viii. 8-19; shews kindness to Baradotus by sparing Constantina, II. xiii. 13; desirous of capturing Edessa and Constantina, II. xiii. 8; abandons his purpose of capturing Edessa, II. xiii. 9 ff.; retires in order to meet an invasion of the Huns, I. viii. 19; seizes the Caspian Gates, I. x. 12; protests at the fortification of Daras, I. x. 16; solicitude as to his successor, I. xi. 2 ff.; cured by Stephanus of Edessa, II. xxvi. 31; hates his oldest son Caoses, I. xi. 3, II. ix. 12; requests Justinus to adopt Chosroes, I. xi. 9, 20 ff.; unwilling to save Seoses, I. xi. 36, 37; tries to force the Iberians to adopt the Persian religion, I. xii. 2 ff.; sends an army against them, I. xii. 10; sends an army into Roman Armenia, I. xv. 1; his gold mine at Pharangium, I. xv. 27; deprived of the revenue therefrom, I. xv. 28, 29; treats with the ambassador Rufinus at Daras, I. xvi. 1 ff.; punishes Perozes, I. xvii. 26 ff.; plans a new campaign against the Romans, I. xvii. 29; advised by Alamoundaras, I. xvii. 30 ff.; adopts the suggestion of Alamoundaras, I. xviii. 1; dishonours Azarethes, I. xviii. 51 ff.; refuses to negotiate with Hermogenes, I. xxi. 1; bought pearl from the Ephthalitae, I. iv. 16; his last illness, I. xxi. 17 ff.; his ability as a ruler, I. vi. 19

Cabades, son of Zames, plot to set him on the Persian throne in place of Chosroes, I. xxiii. 4; ordered to be killed by Chosroes, I. xxiii. 7; escapes by the help of the chanaranges, I. xxiii. 9 ff.; one claiming this name entertained by Justinian in Byzantium, I. xxiii. 23, 24

Cadiseni, in the Persian army at the battle of Daras, I. xiv. 38, 39

Caesar, the title used by the Persians to designate the Roman emperor,
II. xxi. 9, xi. 35

Caesarea, the home of Procopius, I. i. 1

Caisus, a Homerite, of captain's rank, a fugitive because of murder
committed by him, I. xx. 9, 10

Callinicus, city of Mesopotamia, II. xi. 28; on the Euphrates, I. xviii. 13; Roman army conveyed thither by boats after the battle on the Euphrates, I. xviii. 50; taken by Chosroes, II. xxi. 30 ff.

Candidus, priest of Sergiopolis, makes agreement with Chosroes, II. v. 31; punished by Chosroes for failing to keep his agreement, II. xx. 2 ff., 15, 16

Caoses, oldest son of Cabades, I. xi. 3; hated by his father, II. ix. 12; claims the throne of Persia upon the death of Cabades, I. xxi. 20; prevented by Mebodes from becoming king, I. xxi. 22

Cappadocia, country of Asia embracing a portion of the Taurus, I. x. 1; desired by Chosroes, II. xxviii. 23; visited by Orestes, I. xvii. 16

Carrhae, city of Mesopotamia, citizens of, offer money to Chosroes, II. xiii. 7; able to see the smoke of the burning "agger" at Edessa, II. xxvii. 15

Caspian Gates, their location and strategic importance, I. x. 1 ff.; fortified by Alexander, I. x. 9; offered to Anastasius by Ambazouces, I. x. 10; seized by Cabades, I. x. 12, xvi. 4, 7, xxii. 5; guarded by the Persians, II. x. 21

Cassandria, known in ancient times as Potidaea, captured by the Huns,
II. iv. 5

Catholicos, title of the priest of Doubios, II. xxv. 4

Caucasus Mountains, I. xv. 26; inhabited by Huns, II. xv. 3, 29, xxviii. 22; by Alani, etc., II. xxix. 15; barbarians in, held in check by Lazica, II. xxviii. 22

Celer, Roman general, I. viii. 2; invades Arzanene, I. viii. 21, II. xv. 7; with Patricius and Hypatius besieges Amida, I. ix. 1; negotiates a treaty with Aspebedes, I. ix. 24

Celesene, district in Armenia, I. xvii. 11, 21; sanctuary of Artemis there, I. xvii. 11

Cerataeum, a district of Antioch, II. x. 7

Chalcis, city in Syria, distance from Gabboulon, I. xviii. 8; from Beroea, II. xii. 1; saved from Chosroes by money payment, II. xii. 1, 2

Chanaranges (_lit._ "Commander of the Frontier Troops"), Persian
term for "general," I. v. 4, vi. 12, xxiii. 7

Chanaranges, Persian general, shares command of invading army, I. xxi. 4; besieges Martyropolis, I. xxi. 14, 15; retires, I. xxi. 27

Cherson, a city at the limits of Roman territory on the Euxine, I. xii. 7

Chersonesus, its wall assailed by the Huns, II. iv. 8

Chorzianene, place in Armenia, Eruli encamp there, II. xxiv. 14

Chosroes, third son of Cabades, I. xi. 5; Cabades proposes to Justinus that he adopt Chosroes, I. xi. 6 ff.; Ch. awaits outcome of negotiations regarding his adoption by Justinus, I. xi. 27; retires in anger to Persia, I. xi. 30; declared by Cabades in his testament successor to the throne of Persia, I. xxi. 17 ff.; his election to the kingship, I. xxi. 22; meets Roman ambassadors on the Tigris, I. xxii. 1 ff.; failure of their negotiations, I. xxii. 12 ff.; grants the prayer of Rufinus, I. xxii. 15; concludes the "endless peace." I. xxii. 16, 17; his unpopularity among the Persians, I. xxiii. 1-3; plot to dethrone him, I. xxiii. 3 ff.; slays Zames and other male relatives, I. xxiii. 6; orders the chanaranges to slay Cabades, son of Zames, I. xxiii. 7; hears from Varrames how Cabades had been spared, I. xxiii. 13; his punishment of Adergoudounbades, I. xxiii. 14 ff.; destroys Mebodes, I. xxiii. 25 ff.; vexed at Roman successes in Libya, I. xxvi. 2; demands his share of the spoils, I. xxvi. 3; desires to break the treaty with the Romans, II. i. 1; charges Justinian with having broken the treaty, II. i. 12-14, x. 13, 16; hears with favour the ambassadors of Vittigis, II. ii. 12; receives an embassy from the Armenians, II. iii. 32 ff.; decides to open hostilities against the Romans, II. iii. 55; admonished by Justinian by letter, II. iv. 17 ff.; detains Anastasius, II. iv. 26; dismisses him, II. v. 27; first invasion of Roman territory, II. v. 1; marches towards Syria, II. v. 4; refrains from attacking Zenobia, II. v. 7; arriving at Sura, besieges the city, II. v. 8 ff.; captures it by a strategem, II. v. 22 ff.; marries Euphemia, II. v. 28; releases captives for ransom, II. v. 29; hears the plea of Megas, II. vi. 18 ff.; exacts money from the Hierapolitans, II. vi. 22-24; promises to depart from the East for ten centenaria of gold, II. vi. 25; demands money from the Beroeans, II. vii. 5; enters Beroea and fires a large portion of it, II. vii. 10, 11; besieges the acropolis, II. vii. 11 ff.; reproached by Megas, II. vii. 19; his reply, II. vii. 20 ff.; allows the Beroeans to capitulate, II. vii. 35; moves against Antioch, II. viii. 1; demands money from the citizens of Antioch, II. viii. 4; hears the ambassadors, II. viii. 5; insulted by the citizens, II. viii. 6; storms the city wall, II. viii. 8 ff.; captures Antioch, II. viii. 20; reproached by Zaberganes, II. viii. 30 ff.; addresses the ambassadors, II ix. 1 ff.; his hesitation in allowing the Persians to enter Antioch, II. viii. 22-24, ix. 7; his character II. ix. 8-12; orders the plunder of Antioch, II. ix. 14; burns the city, II. ix. 17, 18; addressed by the ambassadors, II. x. 10 ff.; demands money from them, II. x. 19 ff.; agrees upon terms for peace, II. x. 24; visits Seleucia, II. xi. 1; visits Daphne, II. xi. 5 ff.; burns the sanctuary of Michael at Daphne, II. xi. 12, 13; proceeds to Apamea, II xi. 14; enters the city and seizes its treasures, II. xi. 24 ff.; becomes a spectator in the hippodrome, II. xi. 31 ff.; impales a Persian adulterer, II. xi. 37, 38; exacts money from the citizens of Chalcis, II. xii. 1, 2; crosses the Euphrates by a bridge, II. xii. 3 ff.; eager to capture Edessa because of the belief of the Christians that it could not be captured, II. xii. 6 ff., 29, 31; demands and receives money from the citizens, II. xii. 33, 34; upon receipt of a letter from Justinian prepares for departure, II. xiii. 1, 2; protests at the offer of money by the citizens of Carrhae, II. xiii. 7; accepts money from the citizens of Constantina, II. xiii. 8; claims Constantina as his possession by inheritance, _ib._, II. xiii. 15; besieges Daras, II. xi. 28, xiii. 16; abandons the siege of Daras upon receipt of money, II. xiii. 28; charged by Justinian with breaking the treaty, II. xiii. 29; provides a home for the captives of Antioch, II. xiv. 1 ff.; called in by the Lazi, II. xv. 1, 12 ff.; prepares to invade Lazica, II. xv. 31-35; Belisarius sent against him, II. xiv. 8; invades Lazica, II. xvii. 1 ff.; commands an attack to be made on Petra, II. xvii. 4; impales Aniabedes, II. xvii. 11; besieges Petra, II. xvii. 13 ff.; captures Petra, II. xvii. 27; retires from Lazica, II. xix. 48; third invasion of Roman territory, II. xx. 1 ff.; besieges Sergiopolis in vain, II. xx. 11 ff.; punishes Candidus, the priest of Sergiopolis, II. xx. 2 ff., 15, 16; takes much treasure from Sergiopolis, II. xx. 7; sends envoy to Belisarius, II. xxi. 1, 23; retires before Belisarius, II. xxi. 15 ff.; crosses the Euphrates by a bridge, II. xxi. 21; takes Callinicus, II. xi. 28, xxi. 30-32; receives the hostage John, II. xxi. 27; awaits the Roman envoys at Adarbiganon, II. xxiv. 1 ff.; his army visited by the pestilence, II. xxiv. 8, 12; retires from Adarbiganon into Assyria, II. xxiv. 12; fourth invasion of Roman territory, II. xxvi. 1 ff.; makes an attempt upon Edessa, II. xxvi. 5 ff.; comes to terms with the citizens of Edessa, II. xxvii. 46; arranges a five-year truce with Constantianus and Sergius, II. xxviii. 7 ff.; lays plans to capture Daras and secure his possession of Lazica, II. xxviii. 15 ff.; attemps to capture Daras by a ruse, II. xxviii. 31 ff.; plans to build a fleet in the Euxine, II. xxix. 1; sends Phabrizus into Lazica to destroy Goubazes, II. xxix. 2 ff.; sends an army to relieve Petra, II. xxix. 13

Christ, suffered in Jerusalem, II. xi. 14. _See_ "Jesus."

Christians, converted two temples into churches, I. xvii. 18; boast that Edessa cannot be captured, II. xii. 7; reverence especially the feast of Easter, I. xviii. 15; the Lazi and Iberians devout Christians, I. xii. 3, II. xxviii. 26; among the Homeritae, abused by Jews, I. xx. 1

Cilicia, the refuge of Ephraemius, II. vii. 17; and Germanus, II. vii. 18

Cilicians, the objective of Chosroes' invasion, II. v. 4, vi. 21

Cilician screens, used at the siege of Edessa, II. xxvi. 29

Circesiurn, Roman stronghold on the Euphrates, II. v. 2; its excellent defences, II. v. 3

Citharizon, fortress in Armenia, four days from Theodosiopolis,
II. xxiv. 13

Colchis, the old name for Lazica (_q.v._) I. xi. 28, etc.

Comana, called "Golden Comana," a city of Cappadocia founded by Orestes,
I. xvii. 19

Comana, city in Pontus, founded by Orestes, not the one
"Among the Taurians," I. xvii. 12

Comet, The, its appearance in the heavens, II. iv. 1, 2; various explanations of the meaning of the phenomenon, II. iv. 3

Commagene, old name for Euphratesia, I. xvii. 2, 23, II. xx. 17; invaded by the Persians, I. xviii. 2

Constantianus, an Illyrian, II. xxiv. 4; envoy to Chosroes with Sergius, II. xxiv. 3; appointed general, II. xxviii. 2; sent as envoy to Chosroes with Sergius a second time, II. xxviii. 3 ff.

Constantina, city in Mesopotamia, I. xxii. 3; distance from Arzamon, I. viii. 10; Cabades desirous of capturing the city, II. xiii. 8; spared by Cabades owing to the entreaties of Baradotus, II. xiii. 13 ff.; claimed by Chosroes as an inherited possession, II. xiii. 8, 15; citizens of, their offer of money accepted by Chosroes, II. xiii. 8

Constantine, Forum of, in Byzantium, I. xxiv. 9, 24

Coutzes, Roman general, brother of Bouzes, sent to support Belisarius at Mindouos, I. xiii. 5; captured by the Persians, I. xiii. 8

Ctesiphon, town on the Tigris, II. xxviii. 4-5; distance from the Antioch of Chosroes, II. xiv. 1

Cyril, Roman commander at the battle of Daras, I. xiii. 21

Cyrus, king of the Persians, II. ii. 15

Cyzicus, John the Cappadocian exiled thither, I. xxv. 31

Dagaris, a Roman spy, captured by Huns, I. xv. 6; returned to the Romans, I. xxii. 18; his later services to the Romans, I. xxii. 19

Dagisthaeus, commands an army to succour the Lazi, II. xxix. 10; with Goubazes besieges Petra, II. xxix. 11 ff.; sends an insufficient force to guard the pass into Lazica, II. xxix. 33-34; his incompetent conduct of the siege of Petra, II. xxix. 34 ff.; deceived by Mirranes, II. xxx. 7; abandons Petra, II. xxx. 11; with Phoubelis attacks Mermeroes, II. xxx. 22; with Goubazes attacks and almost annihilates the Persians, II. xxx. 39 ff.

Daphne, suburb of Antioch, II viii. 25; visited by Chosroes, II. xi. 5 ff.; the portent of the uprooted cypresses, II. xiv. 5

Daras, a city in Mesopotamia, fortified by Anastasius, I. x. 13; distance from Nisibis and the Persian boundary, I. x. 14; from Ammodius, I. xiii. 15; its formidable defences, II. xiii. 17; a menace to the Persians, I. xvi. 6; battle of, I. xiii. 12 ff.; the Persians demand that its walls be demolished, I. xvi. 7; its abandonment by the Roman army a condition of the "endless peace," I. xxii. 16; the tyranny of John, I. xxvi. 5-12; besieged by Chosroes, II. xi. 28, xiii. 16 ff.; citizens of, make a settlement with Chosroes, II. xiii. 28; Chosroes plans to capture it by a ruse, II. xxviii. 17; failure of the attempt, II. xxviii. 31 ff.

Death, Gate of, in Byzantium, I. xxiv. 52

Diocletian, Roman emperor, readjusts the Roman boundary in Aegypt, I. xix. 29 ff.; builds the fortress of Philae, I. xix. 34, 35

Diogenes, a guardsman, commander of cavalry, II. xxi. 2, 18, 20

Domentiolus commands a detachment of an army to invade Persia,
II. xxiv. 15

Dorotheus, a Roman commander at the battle of Daras, I. xiii. 21

Dorotheus, general of Armenia, attacks invading Persian army, I. xv. 3 ff.; makes a sally from Satala upon the Persian army, I. xv. 11 ff.

Doubios, district in Persarmenia, II. xxv. 1, 2; its trade with India, II. xxv. 3; distance from Theodosiopolis, II. xxv. 1; Mermeroes stops there with his army II. xxx. 33; priest of, called Catholicos, II. xxv. 4; sent to urge the Romans to make peace, II. xxiv. 6, 7

Easter, its especial observance by the Christians, I. xviii. 15

Edessa, the centre of so-called Osroene, I. xvii. 24; in Mesopotamia, II. xxiv. 4; Augustus promises to build a hippodrome in the city, II. xii. 18; the story of its toparch Augarus, II. xii. 8 ff.; citizens of, convinced that the city could not be captured by barbarians, II. xii. 7, 26, 30; the letter of Christ to Augarus inscribed on the city wall, II. xii. 26; given over to the Persians by the son of Augarus, II. xii. 28; citizens of, destroy the Persian guards and give back the city to the Romans, II. xii. 29; citizens pay Chosroes two centenaria, II. xii. 34; their zeal to ransom the captives of Antioch frustrated by Bouzes, II. xiii. 3 ff.; Cabades desirous of capturing the city, II. xii. 6, 7, 31, xiii. 8; abandons his purpose upon reaching it, II. xiii. 9 ff.; attacked by Chosroes, II. xxvi. 5 ff.; the home of Sergius, II. xxiv. 4

Eirenaeus, Roman general, sent to Lazica, I. xii. 14

Elephantina, city in Aegypt, on the Roman boundary, I. xix. 27; near Philae, I. xix. 34, 35

Endielon, place near Amida, I. vii. 5

Ephraemius, chief priest of Antioch, accused of treason by Julian, II. vii. 16; retires to Cilicia, II. vii. 17

Ephthalitae Huns, called White Huns, their manners and customs, I. iii. 1, 2; wage war with Perozes, I. iii. 1 ff.; entrap the Persian army, I. iii. 8 ff.; in a second war with Perozes completely destroy his army, I. iv. 1 ff.; force the Persians to pay tribute, I. iv. 35; receive Cabades after his escape from the Prison of Oblivion, I. vi. 10; Cabades owes their king money, I. vii. 1, 2; punished for impiety towards Jacobus, the hermit, I. vii. 8; eight hundred Eph. killed by the Persians, I. viii. 13

Eruli, accustomed to fight without protective armour except a shield, II. xxv. 27, 28; in the Roman army, II. xxi. 4; in the Roman army at the battle of Daras, I. xiii. 19, xiv. 33, 39; under Mundus, I. xxiv. 41; in the army of Valerianus, II. xxiv. 12; with the army of Martinus, II. xxiv. 14; follow Peter into Persia, II. xxiv. 18; in the battle of Anglon, II. xxv. 20 ff.

Esimiphaeus, established as king of the Homeritae, I. xx. 1; deposed by insurgents, I. xx. 3; makes idle promise to Justinian, I. xx. 9 ff.

Euphemia, daughter of John the Cappadocian I. xxv. 13

Euphemia, captive of Sura, married by Chosroes, II. v. 28

Euphratesia, ancient name of Commagene I. xvii. 2, 23, II. xx. 17, 20; chosen by Azarethes as the starting point for an invasion of Roman territory, I. xvii. 2

Euphrates River, its source in Armenia, I. xvii. 4; disappears in a strange marsh, I. xvii. 6 ff.; its course from Celesene as far as the junction with the Tigris, I. xvii. 21, 22; receives the waters of the Aborrhas, II. v. 2; protects one side of Circesium, _ib._; important battle on its banks, I. xviii. 30 ff.

Europe, invaded by the Huns, II. iv. 4 ff.

Europum, on the Euphrates, headquarters of Belisarius while recruiting his army, II. xx. 24, 27, 28

Eusebius, Roman ambassador to the Persian king Perozes, I. iii. 8; warns Perozes of the stratagem of the Ephthalitae I. iii. 13

Eusebius, bishop of Cyzicus, murdered by the citizens, I. xxv. 37, 38

Euxine Sea, receives the waters of the Phasis, II. xxix. 18; Chosroes desires an outlet to it, II. xxviii. 23

Evaris, builder of a temple of Michael at Tretum, near Antioch, II. xi. 7

Florentinus, a Thracian, distinguishes himself at the battle of Satala,
I. xv. 15, 16

Gabalas, a Saracen, father of Arethas, I. xvii. 47

Galatians, on the Euxine, II. xxviii. 23

Gabboulon, distance from Chalcis, I. xviii. 8

Gaza, limit of Arabia in olden times, I. xix. 20

Gelimer, brought captive to Byzantium by Belisarius, II. xxi. 28

George, confidant of Belisarius, persuades the inhabitants of Sisauranon to capitulate, II. xix. 22, 23; saves the city of Daras, II. xxviii. 33 f.

Germanus, nephew of Justinian, II. vi. 9; commander at the battle of Daras, I. xiii. 21; sent to meet the invasion of Chosroes, II. vi. 9; establishes himself In Antioch and inspects the fortifications, II. vi. 10; retires into Cilicia, II. vii. 18

Glones, a Persian, in command of the garrison in Amida, I. vii. 33; destroyed by a stratagem, I. ix. 5-17; son of, I. ix. 4, 18

Godidisklus, a Goth, an officer in the Roman army, I. viii. 3

Gorgo, city of the Ephthalitae, against the Persian frontier,
I. iii. 2, iv. 10

Goths, march with Belisarius against Chosroes,
II. xiv. 10, xviii. 24, xxi. 4

Goubazes, king of Lazica, privy councillor of Justinian _in absentia_, II. xxix. 31; gives himself and his people over to Chosroes, II. xvii. 2 ff.; plotted against by Phabrizus, II. xxix. 2 ff.; begs Justinian to succour the Lazi, II. xxix. 9; with Dagisthaeus besieges Petra, II. xxix. 11 ff.; defends one pass against the Persians, II. xxix. 28 ff.; asks Justinian to send money to the Alani and the Sabeiri, II. xxix. 30; Chosroes plans to put him out of the way, II. xxviii. 30, xxix. 2 ff.; rewarded with money by Justinian, II. xxx. 28; with Dagisthaeus attacks and almost annihilates the Persians, II. xxx. 39 ff.

Gourgenes, king of Iberia, revolts from the Persians, I. xii. 4 ff., II. xv. 6, xxviii. 20; retires before the Persian army into Lazica, I. xii. 11, 12

Gousanastades, "chanaranges," counsels the execution of Cabades, I. v. 4; put to death by Cabades, I. vi. 18

Greece, plundered by the Huns, II. iv. 11

Greeks, The, I. xix. 35

Green Faction, their struggles with the Blue Faction, I. xxiv. 2-6; in the Nika insurrection, I. xxiv. 7 ff.; favoured by Chosroes at Apamea, II. xi. 32

Hebrews, of Iotabe, formerly autonomous, become subject to the Romans,
I. xix. 4

Helen, palace named from, in Byzantium, I. xxiv. 30

Hellenic faith, The, I. xx. 1, xxv. 10

Hellestheaeus, king of the Aethiopians, his expeditions against the Homeritae, I. xx. 1 ff.; his vain promises to Justinian, I. xx. 9 ff.

Hermogenes, Roman general, sent to assist Belisarius, I. xiii. 10; in company with Belisarius prepares to meet the Persians at Daras, I. xiii. 12 ff.; at the battle of Daras, I. xiii. 19 ff.; forbids Andreas to engage in single combat, I. xiii. 35; interchange of letters with Perozes, I. xiv. 1 ff.; address to the troops, I. xiv. 20 ff.; arrays the army on the second day of the battle of Daras, I. xiv. 28; at the battle of Daras, I. xiv. 44; recalls Romans from pursuit of the Persians, I. xiv. 53; returns to Byzantium, I. xvi. 10; sent as ambassador by the emperor, I. xviii. 16; negotiates unsuccessfully with Chosroes, I. xxi. 1; accompanies the army of Sittas as ambassador, I. xxi. 10, 23; ambassador to Chosroes with Rufinus, I. xxii. 16

Hestia, _i.e._ Vesta, identified with the Persian fire-divinity, II. xxiv. 2

Hierapolis, city on the Euphrates, I. xiii. 11, xvii. 22; distance from Beroea and Antioch, II. vii. 2; Bouzes and the Roman army stationed there, II. vi. 2; suggested plan for its defence, II. vi. 3 ff.; deserted by Bouzes, II. vi. 7, 8; saved from Chosroes by payment of money, II. vi. 22-24; Justus and Bouzes take refuge there, II. xx. 20

Homeric bowmen, compared with bowmen of Procopius' time, I. i. 9-11

Homeritae, people of Arabia, sought as allies by Justinian, I. xix. 1, xx. 9 ff.; location of their country, I. xix. 15; domestic conflicts and intervention of Hellestheaeus, I. xx. 1 ff.

Honorius, Emperor of the West, uncle of Theodosius II. unable to assist
him, I. ii. 4

Huns, a nomadic people, of ugly countenance, I. iii. 4; their homes, I. x. 6, xii. 7, II. xv. 3, xxviii. 22; their war with Cabades, I. viii. 19, ix. 24, x. 15, II. xvi. 3; Justinian attempts to win their support, II. i. 14, iii. 47, x. 16; capture a Roman spy I. xv. 6; attack of, feared by the Persians at Martyropolis, I. xxi. 27; invade Roman territory, I. xxi. 28; often defeated by Dagaris, I. xxii. 19; receiving annual payments from the Romans, II. x. 23; held back by the Lazi, II. xv. 3; in the army of Chosroes, II. xxvi. 5; assist the Romans in the defence of Edessa, II. xxvi. 25, 26; invade Europe, II. iv. 4 ff.; cross the Hellespont into Asia, II. iv. 9; plunder Illyricum and Thessaly and Greece as far as the Isthmus, II. iv. 10-12

Hypatius, nephew of Anastasius, I. viii. 2; army routed by Cabades, I. viii. 10-18; his escape, I. viii. 19; sent as envoy to the Persians, I. xi. 24; slandered by Rufinus, I. xi. 38; his punishment, I. xi. 39; sent from the palace by Justinian, I. xxiv. 19-21; declared emperor by the populace, and conducted to the hippodrome, I. xxiv. 22 f.; his wife Mary, I. xxiv. 23; takes the emperor's seat in the hippodrome, I. xxiv. 42; brought before Justinian as a prisoner, I. xxiv. 53; meets his death bravely, I. xxiv. 55, 56

Iberia, Iberians, a Christian people, side with the Romans, I. xii. 2 ff., II. xv. 6; come to Byzantium, I. xii. 14; given choice of remaining in Byzantium or returning to their homes, I. xxii. 16; dissatisfied with Persian rule, II. xxviii. 20, 21

Ildiger, in the army of Martinus, II. xxiv. 13

Illyricum, invaded by the Huns, II. iv. 5, 10

Immortals, a detachment of the Persian army, I. xiv. 31; at the battle of Daras, I. xiv. 44 ff.

India, washed by the "Red Sea," I. xix. 3; boats in, tale to account for their construction without iron, I. xix. 23, 24; iron not produced there nor imported from elsewhere, I. xix. 24-26; silk export, I. xx. 9, 12; its trade with Doubios, II. xxv. 3

Ionian Gulf, II. iv. 4

Iotabe, an Island In the "Red Sea," I. xix. 3

Iphigenia, the story of her flight from the sanctuary of Artemis, I. xvii. 11 ff.; temple dedicated to her by Orestes, I. xvii. 18

Iris River, in Pontus, I. xvii. 14

Isaac, brother of Narses, betrays Bolum to the Romans and comes as a deserter to Byzantium, I. xv. 32, 33; commander in Armenia, II. xxiv. 14; carries his brother Narses out of the battle of Anglon, II. xxv. 24

Isaurians, in the Roman army, I. xviii. 5; commanded by Longinus and Stephanacius, I. xviii. 7; at the battle on the Euphrates, I. xviii. 38; their inexperience in war, I. xviii. 39

Isdigerdes, Persian king, guardian of Theodosius I. ii. 7 ff.

Isdigousnas, high Persian official, II. xxviii. 16; employed by Chosroes for the furtherance of his plans, II. xxviii. 17; attempts to capture Daras for Chosroes by a ruse, II. xxviii. 31 ff.; continues to Byzantium as an envoy, II. xxviii. 38 ff.

Isis, worshipped by the Blemyes and Nobatae, I. xix. 35

Italy, subdued by Belisarius, II. i. 1

Jacobus, a holy man among the Syrians, I. vii. 5 ff.

Jason, the tale of his adventure with Medea in Colchis, II. xvii. 2

Jerusalem, the scene of Christ's suffering, II. xi. 14; its treasures desired by Chosroes, II. xx. 18

Jesus, his life and work in Palestine, II. xii. 22, 23; invited by Augarus to come to Edessa, II. xii. 24; his reply, in which he promises health to Augarus, II. xii. 25. _See also_ "Christ."

Jews, oppress the Christians among the Homeritae, I. xx. 1. _See also_ "Hebrews."

John, father of Artabanes, of the Arsacidae, II. iii. 25; treacherously slain by Bouzes, II. iii. 29-31

John, son of Basilius, a notable of Edessa, given as a hostage to Chosroes,
I. xxi. 27, 33

John, an Armenian, son of Thomas Gouzes, in the Roman army, II. xxx. 4

John the Cappadocian, praetorian prefect, I. xxiv. 11; his character and ability, I. xxiv. 12-15, xxv. 8-10; highly esteemed by Justinian, I. xxv. 5, 25, 33; dismissed from office, I. xxiv. 17; restored to office, I. xxv. 1; hated by Theodora, I. xxv. 4-7; hostility to Belisarius, I. xxv. 12; entrapped by Antonina, I. xxv. 13 ff.; forced to become a priest and exiled to Cyzicus, I. xxv. 31; looks forward confidently to becoming emperor, I. xxv. 8, 19, 44, II. xxx. 50; his easy lot in Cyzicus, I. xxv. 34, 35; accused of the murder of Eusebius, I. xxv. 39; his treatment at the trial, I. xxv. 40; his punishment, I. xxv. 42, 43; imprisoned in the city of Antinous in Aegypt, I. xxv. 43; returns to Byzantium, II. xxx. 49, 50; the grotesque fulfilment of his dreams, II. xxx. 54; his daughter Euphemia, I. xxv. 13

John, son of Lucas, Roman officer, captured by Alamoundaras,
I. xvii. 43, 44

John, commander of troops in Mesopotamia, arrests the interpreter of Vittigis' envoys, II. xiv. 12; attacked by the Persians before Nisibis, II. xviii. 16

John, son of Nicetas, Roman commander at the battle of Daras, I. xiii. 21; urges Belisarius to retire from Mesopotamia, II. xix. 36 ff.; commands a detachment of an army to invade Persia, II. xxiv. 15

John, son of Rufinus, sent as ambassador to Chosroes,
II. vii. 15, ix. 1, x. 10, 18 ff.

John Tzibus, governor of Lazica, his origin and character, II. xv. 9; persuades Justinian to build Petra, II. xv. 10; monopolises the retail trade, II. xv. 11, xxix. 21; valiantly defends Petra, II. xvii. 5 ff.; killed by a missile, II. xvii. 16

John, serving in the Roman infantry, his tyranny at Daras, I. xxvi. 5-12; his death, I. xxvi. 12

John the Glutton, a guardsman, sent with Arethas into Assyria, II. xix. 15 ff.; commands a detachment in an army to invade Persia, II. xxiv. 15

Julian, sanctuary of, in Antioch, II. x. 8

Julian, brother of Summas, envoy to the Aethiopians and Homeritae, I. xx. 9, II. i. 10; private secretary of Justinian, sent as ambassador to Chosroes, II. vii. 15; forbids giving money to Chosroes and denounces Ephraemius, II. vii. 16

Justinian, nephew of Justinus, I. xi. 10; his great love for his wife Theodora, I. xxv. 4; favours adoption of Chosroes by his uncle Justinus, I. xi. 10; as general, I. xi. 16, xii. 21; becomes emperor upon the death of Justinus, I. xiii. 1; orders the building of a fort in Mindouos, I. xiii. 2; appoints Belisarius General of the East, I. xiii. 9; makes Arethas commander of many tribes, I. xvii. 47; pits Arethas against Alamoundaras, I. xvii. 47, 48; orders demolition of Philae, I. xix. 36; endeavours to secure the alliance of the Aethiopians and Homeritae, I. xix. 1, xx. 9 ff.; receives the Palm Groves as a present from Abochorabus, I. xix. 10 ff.; recalls Belisarius and sends Sittas to the East, I. xxi. 2, 3; receives information from a Persian spy, I. xxi. 13; concludes the "endless peace," I. xxii. 16; receives in Byzantium the Cabades who claimed to be the son of Zames, I. xxiii. 24; his conduct during the Nika insurrection, I. xxiv. 10 ff.; his affection for John the Cappadocian, I. xxv. 5, 25, 33; denounced by the Armenian embassy before Chosroes, II. iii. 37 ff.; refuses to sanction treaty, II. xiii. 29; summons Belisarius from Italy and sends him against Chosroes, II. xiv. 8; commands Belisarius to invade Persia, II. xvi. 5; sends him again against Chosroes, II. xx. 20; summons Belisarius from the East in order to send him to Italy, II. xxi. 34; takes measures for the relief of the victims of the pestilence, II. xxiii. 5 ff.; attacked by the pestilence, II. xxiii. 20; orders Valerianus and Martinus with others to invade Persia, II. xxiv. 10; appoints Marcellus and Constantianus generals, II. xxviii. 2; sanctions the five-year peace, II. xxviii. 11; receives Isdigousnas with especial honour, II. xxviii. 38 ff.; sends succour to the Lazi, II. xxix. 10; neglects to send money requested by Goubazes, II. xxix. 30-32; finally sends the money for the Sabeiri, and gifts of money to Goubazes, II. xxx. 28; sends John Tzibus to Lazica, II. xv. 9; founds Petra in Lazica, II. xv. 10, xxix. 20; makes a present of money to Chosroes, I. xxvi. 4; considers the question of Strata, II. i. 7 ff.; accused of tampering with Alamoundaras, II. i. 12-14, iii. 47, x. 16; advises Chosroes not to wage war, II. iv. 17 ff.; sends Germanus to Syria, II. vi. 9; sends ambassadors to Chosroes, II. vii. 15; favours the Green Faction, II. xi. 32; writes to Chosroes, II. xiii. 1; the years of his reign noted, I. xvi. 10, xxii. 17, II. iii. 56, v. 1, xxviii. 11, xxx. 48

Justinus, uncle of Justinian, I. xi. 10; an officer in the Roman army, I. viii. 3; becomes emperor, I. xi. 1; declines to adopt Chosroes, I. xi. 6 ff.; reduces Hypatius from authority, I. xi. 39; captures Peter of Arzanene during Celer's invasion, II. xv. 7; supports the Iberians in their revolt from the Persians, I. xii. 5 ff.; makes Justinian partner in the royal power, I. xii. 21; appoints Procopius adviser to Belisarius, I. xii. 24; his death, I. xiii. 1

Justus, nephew of Justinian, assists in making Hypatius prisoner, I. xxiv. 53; takes refuge with Bouzes in Hierapolis II. xx. 20; they invite Belisarius to join them, II. xx. 21 ff.; but later come to him in Europum, II. xx. 28; commands a detachment of an army to invade Persia, II. xxiv. 15; invades Persia apart from the other commanders, II. xxiv. 20; invades the country about Taraunon with Peranius, II. xxv. 35; his death, II. xxviii. 1