Chapter X: Quaternary Man

No longer doubted--Men not only existed, but in numbers and
widely spread--Palæolithic Implements of similar Type found
everywhere--Progress shown--Tests of Antiquity--Position
of Strata--Fauna--Oldest Types--Mixed Northern and
Southern Species--Reindeer Period--Correspondence of
Human Remains with these Three Periods--Advance of
Civilization--Clothing and Barbed Arrows--Drawing and
Sculpture--Passage into Neolithic and Recent Periods--Corresponding
Progress of Physical Man--Distinct Races--How tested--Tests applied
to Historical, Neolithic, and Palæolithic Man--Long Heads and Broad
Heads--Aryan Controversy--Primitive European Types--Canon
Taylor--Huxley--Preservation of Human Remains depends mainly
on Burials--About forty Skulls and Skeletons known from
Quaternary Times--Summary of Results--Quatrefages and
Hamy--Races of Canstadt--Cro-Magnon--Furfooz--Truchere--Skeletons
of Neanderthal and Spy--Canstadt Type oldest--Cro-Magnon Type
next--Skeleton of Cro-Magnon--Broad-headed and Short Race resembling
Lapps--American Type--No Evidence from Asia, Africa, India,
Polynesia, and Australia--Negroes, Negrillos, and Negritos--Summary
of Results 317