Chapter III: Part 3

Fully Low Middling. Low Middling. Strict Good Ordinary. Good Ordinary. Strict Good Middling Tinged. Good Middling Tinged. Strict Middling Tinged. Middling Tinged. Strict Low Middling Tinged. Low Middling Tinged. Middling Stained.

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APPROXIMATE POWER REQUIRED BY COTTON MACHINERY.

Horse-power Hopper Bale Opener 3 Hopper Feeder 1-1/2 Self-feeding Opener 3 Single Beater Breaker Lapper, with Cage Section 6 Single Beater Breaker Lapper, with Gauge Box and Condenser 7-1/2 Combined Self-feeding Opener and Single Beater Breaker Lapper 9 Single Beater Intermediate or Finisher Lapper 4 Two Beater Intermediate or Finisher Lapper 7-1/2 Thread Extractor with Condenser 1-1/2 No. 6 Fan 5 Revolving Flat Card-Production, 450 lbs. per week 3/4 Revolving Flat Card-Production, 700 lbs. per week 1 Revolving Flat Card-Production, 1,000 lbs. per week 1-1/4 Sliver Lap Machine 1/2 Ribbon Lap Machine 1 Comber--6-Head 1/2 Comber--8-Head 2/3 Drawing Frames, Ordinary Rolls, 6 delvs. per 1 Drawing Frames, Metallic Rolls, 5 delvs. per 1 Slubbing Frame, 45 spdls. per 1 Intermediate Frame, 55 spdls. per 1 Roving Frame, 85 spdls. per 1 Jack or Fine Roving Frame, 100 spdls. per 1

Spinning Frame, Warp yarns 16s and coarser, 70 spdls. per 1 22s, 75 spdls. per 1 40s, 80 spdls. per 1

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60s, 90 spdls. per 1 80s, 100 spdls. per 1

Spinning Frame, Filling Yarns. 16s and coarser, 110 spdls. per 1 22s, 90 spdls. per 1 28s, 85 spdls. per 1 40s, 90 spdls. per 1 70s, 100 spdls. per 1 90s, 110 spdls. per 1 Twister, 40 to 100 spdls. per 1 Cone Winder, 65 Drums per 1 Mule Spinning, 90 to 125 spdls. per 1 Spoolers, 150 to 250 spdls. per 1 Warper 1/4 Ball Warper 1/2 Slasher 1-1/2 Plain Loom, 40 in. 1/4 Wide Loom, 92 in. 1 Reel, 50 spdls. 5 Brusher and Shearer 3 Cloth Folder 1/3

NOTE--The above figures are only approximate, and give a fair average of the power taken to drive the various machines. The speed, production and many other conditions affect the power consumed.

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BELTING REQUIRED FOR VARIOUS MACHINES

For convenience in calculating the quantity of belting required when equipping a mill or ordering supplies, the following lists have been prepared. Actual lengths are stated, no allowance being made for lap of belts or for splicing bands. All widths shown are for single belts.

HOPPER BALE OPENER.

Main Belt, 3 in.--8 ft. 6 in. of 2 in. (for 1 Belt).

SELF-FEEDING OPENER WITH 18-IN. RIGID BEATER FOR TRUNKING CONNECTION.

Main Belt, 3-1/2 in.--29 ft. 4 in. of 2 in. (for 3 Belts).

SELF-FEEDING OPENER WITH 30-IN. CYLINDER ARRANGED FOR TRUNKING CONNECTION.

Main Belt, 3-1/2 in.--30 ft. 5 in. of 2 in. (for 3 Belts).

SELF-FEEDING OPENER (18-IN. RIGID BEATER) WITH ONE BEATER BREAKER LAPPER.
Main Belt, 5 in. 33 ft. 5 in. of 3-1/2 in. (for 2 Belts).
59 ft. 5 in. of 2 in. (for 6 Belts).

SELF-FEEDING OPENER (30-IN. CYLINDER) WITH ONE BEATER BREAKER LAPPER.
Main Belt, 5 in. 33 ft. 10 in. of 3-1/2 in. (for 2 Belts).
60 ft. 6 in. of 2 in. (for 6 Belts).

SELF-FEEDING OPENER (18-IN. RIGID BEATER) WITH TWO BEATER BREAKER LAPPER.
Main Belt, 6 in. 56 ft. 11 in. of 3-1/2 in. (for 3 Belts).
71 ft. 0 in. of 2 in. (for 7 Belts).

SELF-FEEDING OPENER (30-IN. CYLINDER) WITH TWO BEATER BREAKER LAPPER.
Main Belt, 6 in. 58 ft. 3 in. of 3-1/2 in. (for 3 Belts).
72 ft. 1 in. of 2 in. (for 7 Belts).

ONE BEATER BREAKER LAPPER WITH GAUGE BOX AND CONDENSER.
Main Belt, 5 in. 15 ft. 3 in. of 3-1/2 in. (for 1 Belt).
32 ft. 1 in. of 2 in. (for 3 Belts).
12 ft. 8 in. of 1-1/2 in. (for 1 Belt).

TWO BEATER BREAKER LAPPER WITH GAUGE BOX AND CONDENSER.
Main Belt, 6 in. 33 ft. 5 in. of 3-1/2 in. (for 2 Belts).
40 ft. 7 in. of 2 in. (for 4 Belts).
12 ft. 8 in. of 1-1/2 in. (for 1 Belt).

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ONE BEATER BREAKER LAPPER WITH CAGE SECTION.
Main Belt, 5 in. 15 ft. 3 in. of 3-1/2 in. (for 1 Belt).
33 ft. 2 in. of 2 in. (for 3 Belts).

TWO BEATER BREAKER LAPPER WITH CAGE SECTION.
Main Belt, 6 in. 33 ft. 5 in. of 3-1/2 in. (for 2 Belts).
41 ft. 8 in. of 2 in. (for 4 Belts).

ONE BEATER INTERMEDIATE OR FINISHER LAPPER.
Main Belt, 4 in. 15 ft. 3 in. of 3-1/2. in. (for 1 Belt).
17 ft. 10 in. of 2 in. (for 2 Belts).
4 ft. 6 in. of 1 in. (for 1 Belt).

TWO BEATER INTERMEDIATE OR FINISHER LAPPER.
Main Belt, 5 in. 33 ft. 5 in. of 3-1/2 in. (for 2 Belts).
29 ft. 5 in. of 2 in. (for 3 Belts).
4 ft. 6 in. of 1 in. (for 1 Belt).

REVOLVING FLAT CARD.
Main Belt, 3 in.
Without Slow Motion.
14 ft. 7 in. of 2 in. (for 2 Belts).
13 ft. 2 in. of l-1/2 in. (for 1 Belt).
22 ft. 9 in. of 5/16 in. dia. cotton Banding (for 3 Bands).
With Slow Motion.
14 ft. 7 in. of 2 in. (for 2 Belts).
23 ft. 4 in. of 1 in. (for 2 Belts).
22 ft. 9 in. of 5/16 in. dia. cotton Banding (for 3 Bands).

DRAWING FRAME.
Main Belt, 3 in. to 4 in.--9 ft. 9 in. of 1-1/2-in. belt
required for each Head.

SLUBBING, INTERMEDIATE AND ROVING FRAMES.
Main Belt, 3 in. 11-in. or 12-in. lift: 7 ft. 3 in. of 2-in.
belt (for Cone Drums).

9-in. or la-in. lift: 6 ft. 8 in. of 2-in. belt (for Cone Drums).

8-in. lift: 5 ft. 11 in. of 2-in. belt (for Cone Drums).

6-in. or 7-in. lift: 5 ft. 8 in. of 2-in. belt (for Cone Drums).

RING SPINNING FRAME AND TWISTER.
Main Bell, 3 in.

CONE WINDER.
Main Belt, 2-1/2 in.

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SHAFTING.

HORSE-POWER TRANSMITTED BY COLD ROLLED SHAFTING. FIRST MOVERS OR HEAD SHAFTS WELL SUPPORTED BY BEARINGS.

The above table is figured by the following rule: Multiply the cube of the diameter of the shaft by the revolutions per minute and divide by 100.

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The table on the opposite page applies to head shafts supported by bearings close to each side of the main pulley so as to wholly guard against the transverse strain.

To find the diameter of shaft necessary to carry safely the main pulley at the center of a bay, use the table given below in connection with the one on the opposite page.

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SHAFTING.

HORSE-POWER TRANSMITTED BY COLD ROLLED SHAFTING. SECOND MOVERS OR LINE SHAFTS WITH BEARINGS 8 FEET APART.

The above table is figured by the following rule: Multiply the cube of the diameter of the shaft by the revolutions per minute and divide by 50.

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The table on the opposite page applies to Line Shafts with bearings 8 feet apart. To find the proper diameter for Line Shafts with bearings any other distance apart, multiply the diameter given in the table on the opposite page by the Constant Number corresponding to the distance between bearings in the table below.

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HORSE-POWER OF SINGLE BELTS.

PULLEYS--100 R. P. M.--BELT CONTACT 1/2 CIRCUM.

NOTE--The above table is based on one Horse-power per inch of width for each 800 feet per minute belt speed. The horse-power for other pulley speeds in proportion.

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HORSE-POWER OF DOUBLE BELTS.

PULLEYS--100 R. P. M.--BELT CONTACT 1/2 CIRCUM.

NOTE--The above table is based on one Horse-power per inch of width for each 500 feet per minute belt speed. The horse-power for other pulley speeds in proportion.

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HORSE-POWER OF DOUBLE BELTS.

PULLEYS--100 R. P. M.--BELT CONTACT 1/2 CIRCUM.

NOTE--The above table is based on one Horse-power per inch of width for each 500 feet per minute belt speed. The horse-power for other pulley speeds in proportion.

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USEFUL CONSTANTS, ETC.

1 pint of water weighs a pound and a quarter.

1 gal. of water = .1605 cu. ft. = 10 lb. of water at 62 degrees F.

1 knot = 6080 ft. = 1.15 statute miles.

1 lb. (avoirdupois) = 7,000 grains = 453.6 grammes.

1 lb. (Troy) = 5,760 grains.

1 English h. p. = 33,000 ft. lbs. of work done per min. = 746 watts.

1 French h. p. or force de cheval = 4,500 kilogram metres per min. =
.9863 English h. p.

1 English h. p. = 1.01385 French force de cheval.

1 board of trade electrical unit = 1,000 watts per hour.

Volts X amperes = watts.

The pressure of one atmosphere = 14.7 lbs. per sq. in. = 2,116 lbs.
per sq. ft. = a column of mercury 760 m/m high.

A column of water 2.3 ft. high corresponds to a pressure of
1 lb. per sq. in.

Cubic inches of cast iron X 0.26 = lbs. avoirdupois.

Cubic inches of wrought iron X 0.28 = lbs. avoirdupois.

Thickness of wrought iron plate in inches X 40 = lbs. per sq. ft.

Sectional area of wrought iron in inches X 3.34 = lbs. per lineal ft.

Dia. of wrought iron in inches squared X 2.64 = lbs. per lineal ft.

CIRCUMFERENCES OF CIRCLES, ADVANCING BY 8THS.

Circum. of a circle = dia. X 3.1416

MENSURATION OF SURFACES, SOLIDS, ETC.

Area of triangle = base X half the perpendicular height.

Area of circle = dia.[squared] X 0.7854.

Circum. of circle = dia. X 3.14159.

Circum. of circle X .31831 = the dia.

Dia. of circle X .8862 = the side of an equal square.

Side of a square X 1.12837 = the dia. of equal circle.

Square root of an area X 1.12837 = the dia. of equal circle.

Surface of cylinder = area of both ends + length X circum.

Surface of cone = area of base + 1/2 (slant height X circum. of base).

Surface of sphere = dia. squared X 3.14159.

Solidity of sphere = dia. cubed X .5236.

Solidity of cylinder = area of one end X length.

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DATA ON MANILA TRANSMISSION ROPE. (AMERICAN MFG. CO.)

Weight of transmission rope = .34 X dia.2

Breaking strength = 7,000 X dia.2

Maximum allowable tension = 200 X dia.2

Dia. smallest practicable sheave. = 36 X dia.

Velocity of rope (assumed) = 5,400 ft. per minute.

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HORSE-POWER TRANSMITTED BY MANILA ROPE.

SAG OF MANILA ROPE ON DRIVING AND SLACK SIDES.

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NUMBER OF RING AND MULE SPINDLES IN UNITED STATES. (DEPART. OF COMMERCE AND LABOR REPORT, 1908.)

Ring Mule Total Maine 764,064 214,124 978,188 New Hampshire 1,045,283 275,220 1,320,503 Vermont 80,688 26,636 107,324 Massachusetts 7,060,977 2,385,403 9,446,380 Rhode Island 1,456,471 931,626 2,388,105 Connecticut 789,860 450,436 1,240,296 New York 474,154 454,162 928,316 Pennsylvania 134,268 134,042 268,310 New Jersey 108,690 338,339 447,029 Maryland 151,000 151,000 Virginia 289,639 5,940 295,579 North Carolina 2,852,540 91,864 2,944,404 South Carolina 3,700,974 12,032 3,713,006 Alabama 931,030 8,912 939,942 Georgia 1,694,768 98,022 1,792,790 Louisiana 82,252 7,300 89,552 Mississippi 173,111 105 173,216 Kentucky 58,580 27,120 85,700 Tennessee 253,448 11,750 265,198 Texas 103,708 3,216 106,924 Indiana 121,047 16,230 137,277 All other States 128,772 16,576 145,348 Total 22,455,332 5,509,055 27,964,387

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WORLD'S COTTON SPINDLES. (DEPART. OF COMMERCE AND LABOR REPORT, 1908.)

United States 27,964,387 Europe:

United Kingdom 52,817,582

Germany 9,882,505

Russia 7,855,210

France 6,731,316

Italy 4,181,000

Austria-Hungary 4,026,460

Spain 1,850,000

Switzerland 1,493,012

Belgium 1,162,041

Portugal 450,000

Netherlands 396,160

Sweden 390,000

Denmark 77,644

Norway 74,936

All other Europe 185,000

British India 5,699,898

Japan 1,550,929

China 750,000

Brazil 1,300,000

Mexico 730,000

Canada 795,293

Other countries 150,000

Total 130,513,373