Chapter I: Preface

This book is an attempt to think out the nature and tenability of Kant's Transcendental Idealism, an attempt animated by the conviction that even the elucidation of Kant's meaning, apart from any criticism, is impossible without a discussion on their own merits of the main issues which he raises.

My obligations are many and great: to Caird's _Critical Philosophy of Kant_ and to the translations of Meiklejohn, Max Mueller, and Professor Mahaffy; to Mr. J. A. Smith, Fellow of Balliol College, and to Mr. H. W. B. Joseph, Fellow of New College, for what I have learned from them in discussion; to Mr. A. J. Jenkinson, Fellow of Brasenose College, for reading and commenting on the first half of the MS.; to Mr. H. H. Joachim, Fellow of Merton College, for making many important suggestions, especially with regard to matters of translation; to Mr. Joseph, for reading the whole of the proofs and for making many valuable corrections; and, above all, to my wife for constant and unfailing help throughout, and to Professor Cook Wilson, to have been whose pupil I count the greatest of philosophical good fortunes. Some years ago it was my privilege to be a member of a class with which Professor Cook Wilson read a portion of Kant's _Critique of Pure Reason_, and subsequently I have had the advantage of discussing with him several of the more important passages. I am especially indebted to him in my discussion of the following topics: the distinction between the Sensibility and the Understanding (pp. 27-31, 146-9, 162-6), the term 'form of perception' (pp. 37, 40, 133 fin.-135), the _Metaphysical Exposition of Space_ (pp. 41-8), Inner Sense (Ch. V, and pp. 138-9), the _Metaphysical Deduction of the Categories_ (pp. 149-53), Kant's account of 'the reference of representations to an object' (pp. 178-86), an implication of perspective (p. 90), the impossibility of a 'theory' of knowledge (p. 245), and the points considered, pp. 200 med.-202 med., 214 med.-215 med., and 218. The views expressed in the pages referred to originated from Professor Cook Wilson, though it must not be assumed that he would accept them in the form in which they are there stated.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER I PAGE
THE PROBLEM OF THE _Critique_ 1

CHAPTER II
THE SENSIBILITY AND THE UNDERSTANDING 27

CHAPTER III
SPACE 36

CHAPTER IV
PHENOMENA AND THINGS IN THEMSELVES 71

NOTE
THE FIRST ANTINOMY 101

CHAPTER V
TIME AND INNER SENSE 103

CHAPTER VI
KNOWLEDGE AND REALITY 115

CHAPTER VII
THE METAPHYSICAL DEDUCTION OF THE CATEGORIES 140

CHAPTER VIII
THE TRANSCENDENTAL DEDUCTION OF THE CATEGORIES 161

CHAPTER IX
GENERAL CRITICISM OF THE TRANSCENDENTAL DEDUCTION OF THE
CATEGORIES 214

CHAPTER X
THE SCHEMATISM OF THE CATEGORIES 246

CHAPTER XI
THE MATHEMATICAL PRINCIPLES 260

CHAPTER XII
THE ANALOGIES OF EXPERIENCE 268

CHAPTER XIII
THE POSTULATES OF EMPIRICAL THOUGHT 308

NOTE
THE REFUTATION OF IDEALISM 319

REFERENCES

A = First edition of the _Critique of Pure Reason_.
B = Second edition of the _Critique of Pure Reason_.
Prol. = Kant's _Prolegomena to any future Metaphysic_.
M = Meiklejohn's Translation of the _Critique of Pure Reason_.
Mah. = Mahaffy. Translation of Kant's _Prolegomena to any future
Metaphysic_. (The pages referred to are those of the first
edition; these are also to be found in the text of the
second edition.)
Caird = Caird's _Critical Philosophy of Kant_.