Chapter D: DACRE’S street, New Tothill street (1)

DAGENHAM, a village in Essex, nine miles from London. About forty
years ago, the Thames near this place bursting its banks, laid near
5000 acres of land under water; but after this inundation had
continued near ten years, it was stopped by Captain Perry, who had
been employed several years by the Czar of Muscovy, in his works at
Veronitza on the river Don.

DAGGER _alley_, 1. St. Peter’s hill.* 2. Peter street, Cow Cross.* 3.
Quaker street, Spitalfields.*

DAGGER _court_, 1. Quaker street.* 2. Moorfields.*

DANCING _bridge_, 1. Pickleherring stairs.║ 2. Potters fields, Tooley
street.║

DANCING BRIDGE _stairs_, Pickleherring street.║

DANVERS _yard_, Seething lane.†

DARBY _court_, 1. Canon row.† 2. Channel row, Westminster.† 3.
Piccadilly.†

DARK _entry_, 1. Great St. Anne’s lane. 2. Shoemaker row, Aldgate.

DARKHOUSE _lane_, Thames street.

DARKING, a town in Surry, situated on a branch of the Mole, a little
before it runs under ground. This town, which is very ancient, is 24
miles from London. It was destroyed by the Danes, but was rebuilt
either by Canute or the Normans; and the great Roman causeway called
Stony Street passes through the church yard. This place is famous
for its meal trade, and its market for poultry, particularly for the
largest geese and the fattest capons, which are brought hither from
Horsham in Sussex; and the whole business of the people for many
miles, consists in breeding and fattening them. Its market is on
Thursdays, and its fair on Holy Thursday is the greatest in England
for lambs. It is remarkable, that according to a custom of the
manor, the youngest son or youngest brother of a customary tenant,
is heir of the customary estate of the tenant dying intestate. Near
the town is a heath, called the Cottman Dean, (i. e. the heath of
poor cottages) on which stands their almshouse; and that heath, in
the opinion of some learned physicians, has the best air in England.

Near this town stands Mr. Howard’s house and gardens called Deepden,
situated in a small valley on every side surrounded with hills. The
level ground about the house was laid out into pleasant walks and
gardens, planted with a great variety of exotic trees and plants,
and the hills planted with trees, except on the south aspect, which
was covered with vines. But both the gardens and vineyard, though
the latter has produced good wine, have been neglected, and many of
the exotic trees have been destroyed. On the top of the hill, above
the vineyard, is a summer house, from which, in a clear day, the sea
may be discerned over the south downs.

DARTFORD, a town in Kent, sixteen miles from London, is more properly
called _Darentford_, from its being situated on the river Darent,
which runs through it, and at a small distance falls into the
Thames. The town has a harbour for barges, and is finely watered by
two or three good springs. King Edward III. had a general tournament
performed here by his nobles, and also here founded a convent, whose
abbess and nuns were, for the most part, of the noblest families in
the kingdom; and this convent King Henry VIII. turned into a palace.
Henry VI. founded an almshouse here in honour of the Trinity, to
which the church is dedicated, for five poor decrepid men, to be
governed by the Vicar and Wardens, who were constituted a body
corporate, with a common seal, and a power to assign lands and rents
to the hospital, to the value of 20_l._ _per annum_. On this river
the first paper mill in England was erected by Sir John Spilman, who
obtained a patent and 200_l._ a year from King Charles I. to enable
him to carry on that manufacture: and on this river was also the
first mill for slitting iron bars for making wire. The town is full
of inns and other public houses, on account of its being a great
thoroughfare to Canterbury and Dover. The market, which is on
Saturdays, is chiefly for corn, and the town has the honour of
giving the title of Viscount to the Earl of Jersey.

DARTMOUTH _street_, Tothill street.

DART’S _alley_, Whitechapel.†

DART’S _rents_, Long alley, Moorfields.†

DASHWOOD’S _wharf_, at the Old Swan, Thames street.†

DATCHET, a pleasant village in Buckinghamshire, situated near Windsor,
is noted for its horse races, and has a bridge over the Thames built
in the reign of Queen Anne. At a small distance is Ditton Park.

DAVID AND HARP _alley_, Whitechapel.*

DAVID AND HARP _court_, Grub street.*

DAVID _street_, Grosvenor square.

DAVIS _yard_, Coventry street.†

DAVIS’S _rents_, Kent street, Southwark.†

DAWSON’S _alley_, St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross.†

DAWSON’S _rents_, Old Gravel lane.†

DAY’S _court_, 1. Gutter lane.† 2. Old Change, Cheapside.†

DEACON’S _court_, Quakers street, Spitalfields.†

DEADMAN’S _place_, near Dirty lane, Southwark.

DEAL _street_, Coverley’s fields.

DEAN AND FLOWN _street_, Fashion street.

DEAN’S _court_, 1. Bedfordbury.† 2. Dean street, Fetter lane.† 3. Dean
street, Red Lion square, Holborn.† 4. Dean street, Soho.† 5. Great
Carter lane. 6. Little Old Bailey. 7. St. Martin’s le Grand.† 8. New
Round court in the Strand.† 9. St. Paul’s Church yard, where the
house belonging to the Dean of St. Paul’s stands.

DEAN’S _passage_, Huggen lane, Thames street.

DEAN _street_, 1. A very neat street in Fetter lane, Fleet street.† 2.
High Holborn.† 3. Little Cock hill, Shadwell.† 4. Soho.† 5. Tyburn
lane.† 6. Westminster.

DEAN’S _yard_, 1. Shoreditch.† 2. Near Tothill street.†

DEARING’S _rents_, Liquorpond street.†

DEFOE’S _court_, New Bond street.†

DEFORD’S _court_, Broad street, Marshall street.†

DELAHAY’S _street_, by Duke’s street, Westminster.†

_Court of_ DELEGATES. This is the highest court for civil affairs
belonging to the church, to which appeals are carried from the
spiritual courts; for upon the abolishing of the papal power within
this kingdom by Henry VIII. in the year 1534, it was enacted by
parliament, that no appeals should from thenceforward be made to
Rome; but in default of justice in any of the spiritual courts, the
party aggrieved might appeal to the King in his court of Chancery;
upon which a commission under the great seal should be directed to
such persons as his Majesty should think fit to nominate. These
Commissioners to whom the King thus delegates his power, generally
consist of Noblemen, Bishops, and Judges, both of the common and
civil law; and as this court is not fixed, but occasional, these
Commissioners, or Delegates, are varied at the pleasure of the Lord
Chancellor, who appoints them. No appeals lie from this court; but
upon good reasons assigned, the Lord Chancellor may grant a
commission of review.

DENHAM’S _yard_, Drury lane.†

DENMAN’S _court_, East Smithfield.†

DENMARK _court_, in the Strand.

DENMARK _street_, 1. Ratcliff Highway. 2. St. Giles’s.

DENNIS _passage_, James’s street.†

DENTRY’S _yard_, Wall street, Spitalfields.†

DENT’S _alley_, Red Cross alley, St. Margaret’s hill.†

DEPTFORD, anciently called West Greenwich, is said to have received
its present name from its having a deep ford over the little river
Ravensbourn, near its influx into the Thames, where it has now a
bridge. It is a large and populous town in Kent, four miles and a
half from London, and is divided into Upper and Lower Deptford,
which contain together two churches, several meeting houses, and
about 1900 houses. It is most remarkable for its noble dock, where
the royal navy was formerly built and repaired, till it was found
more convenient to build the larger ships at Woolwich, and other
places, where there is a greater depth of water: but notwithstanding
this, the yard is enlarged to more than double its former
dimensions, and a vast number of hands are constantly employed. It
has a wet dock of two acres for ships, and another of an acre and a
half, with vast quantities of timber and other stores, and extensive
buildings, as storehouses, and offices, for the use of the place,
besides dwelling houses for those officers who are obliged to live
upon the spot, in order to superintend the works. Here the royal
yachts are generally kept, and near the dock is the seat of Sir John
Evelyn, called Say’s Court, where Peter the Great, Czar of Muscovy,
resided for some time, and in this yard completed his knowledge and
skill in the practical part of naval architecture.

In this town are two hospitals, one of which was incorporated by
King Henry VIII. in the form of a college, for the use of the
seamen, and is commonly called _Trinity House_ of Deptford Strond;
this contains twenty-one houses, and is situated near the church.
The other called _Trinity Hospital_, has thirty-eight houses
fronting the street. This is a very handsome edifice, and has large
gardens well kept belonging to it. Though this last is the finest
structure, yet the other has the preference, on account of its
antiquity; and as the Brethren of the Trinity hold their corporation
by that house, they are obliged at certain times to meet there for
business. Both these houses are for decayed pilots or masters of
ships, or their widows, the men being allowed 20_s._ and the women
16_s._ a month. For a particular account of the corporation called
the Brothers of the Trinity, see the article TRINITY HOUSE.

DEPTFORD _court_, Rotherhith.

DEPUTY _court_, Aldersgate street.

DERBY _street_, 1. Aldersgate street, 2. Rosemary lane.

DEVEREUX _court_, 1. Basinghall street. 2. Without Temple Bar, near
the place where the Lord Essex’s mansion house formerly stood.

DEVIL TAVERN _yard_, Charing Cross.*

DEVONSHIRE _court_, Pickax street; or rather Long lane, West
Smithfield.

_Devonshire House._
_S. Wale delin._ _B. Green sculp._
]

DEVONSHIRE HOUSE, in Piccadilly, is the residence of his Grace the
Duke of Devonshire when in London. The house is built principally of
brick, and though plain is very elegant and well proportioned, and
the rooms of state are very rich and magnificent. The offices on
each side are properly subordinate to the house, so as to make a
consistent whole. The collection of pictures, with which this house
is adorned, is surpassed by very few either at home or abroad; of
which the following is an exact list.

In the great Withdrawing Room.

Moses and the burning bush, Jac. Bassan. Landscape, Claude Lorrain.

An historical subject, Paul Veronese.

Moses in the bullrushes, Van Dyck.

Wise men offering, P. Veronese.

Archbishop of Spoletto, Tintoret.

Cleopatra, Luca Giordano.

Family Piece, Dobson.

Arthur Goodwin, Van Dyck.

A Lady, its companion, ditto.

Diana and Acteon, figures C. Marat,

Landscape G. Poussin.

Joseph and his mistress, Carlo Cignani.

Solomon and the Q. of Sheba, Le Sueur.

Landscape, St. John in the wilderness, Titian.

Sine Baccho & Cerere friget Venus, Albano.

Two Portraits, Lord Falkland and Col. Cavendish, Van Dyck.

A drunken conversation, M. Angelo Caravaggio.

Susannah and the Elders, Annib. Carrache.

Jacob’s ladder, Salvator Rosa.

A holy family, Titian.

In the second Drawing Room.

A holy family with boys, N. Poussin.

Christ and the woman of Samaria, F. Mola.

An old man in a Turkish dress, Rembrant.

A ruin, N. Poussin.

An emblematic picture, Andrea Sacchi.

Venus and Cupid, L. Giordano.

A portrait, Tintoret.

Portrait of an Abbess, over the door, Van Dyck.

Angel and Tobit, C. Marat.

Holy family, A. del Sarto.

Death of St. Peter, over the chimney, Donato Creti.

A piece of ruins, Viviano.

A portrait, Titian.

Two round landscapes, G. Poussin.

A woman and child, portraits, Van Dyck.

Head of a Saint, L. Giordano.

Adam and Eve, Domenichino.

A woman Saint taken up to heaven, Lanfranc.

Two circular landscapes, G. Poussin.

Andromeda, Guido.

Head of a Saint, M. Angelo Caravaggio.

Et in Arcadio Ego, N. Poussin.

In the third Withdrawing Room.

A beggar boy with a bird’s nest, Amoroso.

Two portraits, one of Titian, the other Carlo Cignani by himself.

Sampson and Dalilah, Tintoret.

Two landscapes, F. Mola.

A holy family, C. Marat.

A landscape, G. Poussin.

A perspective view, Viviano.

A holy family, Guercino.

Whole length of Philip of Spain, Titian.

Whole length, Tintoret.

Holy family, over the chimney, Rubens.

Two battle pieces, Bourgognone.

Virgin and child, Cantarini.

Jacob wrestling with the Angel, S. Rosa.

David and Goliath, its companion, ditto.

Landscape, P. da Cortona.

Moses rescues the Priest of Midian’s daughters from the fury of the
shepherds, Ciro Ferri.

An assumption, L. Giordano.

A girl feeding chickens, Amoroso.

St. Jerome, Domenichino.

A sleeping boy, C. Marat.

In the Library.

Several portraits, and two historical pictures,

Mars and Venus, and Venus and Cupid, both by Vanloo.

In the Little Dressing Room.

The transfiguration, over the chimney, Camillo Procacini.

Landscape, Horizonti.

Holy family, Baroche.

History from a romance, Romanelli.

Jupiter and Juno, A. Carrache.

Temptation of St. Anthony, a landscape, Teniers.

Cincinnatus, P. da Cortona.

Landscape, Teniers.

St. Veronica, Romanelli.

Angel and Child, S. Rosa.

St. Jerome, Titian.

Crucifix, A. Carrache.

Landscape, Jean Francesco.

Holy family.

Lot entertaining the angels, Schiavone.

Charity, C. Cignani.

Christ bearing his cross, Domenichino.

Duke of Braganza, L. da Vinci.

Magdalen, Corregio.

Alexander and Campaspe, Solimini.

Apelles and the Grecian virgins, ditto.

Cupid and Psyche, Alessandro Veronese.

Cephalus and Procris, Poussin.

Peter denying Christ, Caravaggio.

Women sewing, ditto.

Ditto making lace, ditto.

Landscape, Domenichino.

Adoration, Ditto.

Old woman’s head, Guido.

Woman of Samaria, M. Ang. Buonarotti.

Landscape, Paul Brill, figures Elsheimer.

Marriage of a virgin, Albert Durer.

Mars and Venus, Tintoret.

Two heads.

Isaac blessing Jacob.

Rebecca.

St. Joseph.

Mignard, Carlo Marat.

Holy family, Nic. Berettoni.

Two landscapes, Bourgognone.

Two ditto, Brughel.

Water-fall.

Flight into Egypt, Polenburgh.

Holy family, Albano.

Death of Dido, Paris Bourdon.

Pantheon.

Pope and Cardinals, John Van Eyck.

Landscape.

Plague at Athens, Bourdon.

Holy family, Parmegiano.

Ruins, Both.

Portrait of a sculptor, Sir Peter Lely.

Madona, Titian.

Portrait, A. Carrache.

Ditto, Fra. Hals.

Jupiter and Europa, Sir Peter Lely.

Saint and Angel, Ph. Laura.

Woman and Child, C. Cignani.

Holy family, C. Marat.

Soldier, woman and child, S. Rosa.

Murder of the innocents, Rottenhammer.

Two people counting money, Teniers.

Head, Raphael.

Ditto, Holbein.

Madona, Schidoni.

Holy family.

St. Jerome, Phil. Laura.

In the Great Dining Room.

The royal yacht, over the door, Vandevelde.

Sophonisba, L. Giordano.

Trophy with the head of Lewis XIV.

Fruit piece, M. Angelo.

Country wake, Bamboccio.

Piece of still life.

Fruit piece with a carpet, Maltese.

Duke of Albemarle, Sir Peter Lely.

Fruit piece, M. Angelo.

Ship piece, Bourgognone.

Landscape, ditto.

Battle of Lewis XIV., Vandermeulen.

A chapel.

Susanna and the elders, Guercino.

Landscape, Tillemans.

A perspective view.

In the Hall several portraits of Vandyke, Sir Peter Lely, Sir Godfrey
Kneller, &c.

In a Dressing Room.

Several portraits, among which are historical and other subjects, viz.

An historical subject, P. da Cortona.

Achilles and the Centaur, S. Rosa.

A battle piece, M. Angelo Battaglio.

Death of St. Peter, Guido.

In the Lower Room among many others are the following.

Consecration of Thomas a Becket, J. Van Eyck.[4]

Pope with his Cardinals in procession.

The presentation of Christ in the Temple, Hans Holbein.

Two pictures, Watteau.

Roman amphitheatre.

A conversation, candlelight.

Shoeing a horse, Wouwerman.

Landscape, Rowland Savory.

The beasts going into the ark. Jacopo Bassano.

Chymist’s laboratory, Teniers.

View of Newmarket, Tillemans.

Boar hunting, M. de Vos.

Two small pictures, Teniers.

Landscape, Domenichino.

Apollo and Marsyas, Titian.

Apollo and Midas, ditto.

Landscape, Bergham.

A conversation, candlelight, Bamboccio.

Footnote 4:

This picture is supposed to have formerly belonged to the Arundel
collection, and from thence came to Henry Duke of Norfolk, from
whose steward Mr. Fox, it was bought by Mr. Sykes, who afterwards
sold it to the Duke of Devonshire, 1722.

The tradition concerning it was, that King Henry V. received it as
a present, about a year before his death, from the famous John
Duke of Bedford then Regent of England, and afterwards Regent of
France in the reign of Henry VI. The Duke of Bedford bespoke it of
John Van Eyck the painter, who invented the art of painting in
oil. Thomas a Becket, whose consecration this painting is supposed
to represent, was the favourite saint of King Henry V.

The length of this picture is forty-five inches, its breadth
twenty-nine, and the height of the principal figure twenty-one and
a half.

DEVONSHIRE _square_, Bishopsgate street. Here was formerly a very
large and fine house, built by Jasper Fisher, one of the six clerks
in Chancery, which on account of his being a man of no great birth
or fortune, and much involved in debt, was called in derision,
Fisher’s Folly; this house afterwards belonged to the Earl of
Oxford, and lastly to the Earl of Devonshire, whose name is still
preserved in the street and square built upon its ruins. _Maitland._

This is a neat but small square, surrounded with good houses, with
rows of trees before them; and adorned in the middle with the statue
of Mercury gilt, placed on a pedestal, which is ornamented on each
of the four sides with figures in bas relief. This square is
inhabited by wealthy merchants.

DEVONSHIRE _street_, 1. Leading from Bishopsgate street to Devonshire
square. 2. Queen square, Great Ormond street.

DIAMOND _court_, 1. Pearl street. Tite’s alley.

DICE KEY _lane_, Billingsgate, Thames street.

DICE KEY _passage_, Thames street.

DICK’S _court_, Crown alley, Upper Moorfields.

DICK’S SHORE, Fore street, Limehouse.

DICK’S SHORE _alley_, by Dick’s shore.

DICK’S SIDE _alley_, Hermitage.

DICKENSON’S _court_, Quakers street, Spitalfields.†

DICKENSON’S _alley_, Long lane.†

DIGBY’S _rents_, In the Minories.†

DIGG’S _rents_, Blue Anchor alley.†

DIMMOCK’S _yard_, Stoney street.†

_St._ DIONIS _Backchurch_, situated near the south west corner of Lime
street, owes its name to St. Dionis, Dennis, or Dionysius, an
Athenian _Areopagite_, or Judge, who being converted on St. Paul’s
preaching at Athens, became the first Bishop of that city, and at
length Patron of France. This is the celebrated Saint, who,
according to the absurd and ridiculous fables of the Papists,
carried his head two miles after it was cut off. The epithet of
Backchurch, was given to this edifice from its situation behind a
row of houses, to distinguish it from St. Gabriel’s church, which
stood in the middle of Fenchurch street. The old church was
destroyed by the great fire in 1666, and the present edifice, which
is built with stone, was erected in its room.

This parish is a rectory, and one of the peculiars belonging to the
Archbishop of Canterbury. The rector receives 120_l._ a year in lieu
of tithes.

DIPPING _alley_, Fair street, Horselydown.

DIRTY _alley_, 1. Fashion street.║ 2. Ratcliff highway.║

DIRTY _hill_, near Gray’s Inn lane.║

DIRTY _lane_, 1. Blackman street.║ 2. Brewer’s street.║ 3. High
Holborn.║ 4. Hoxton.║ 5. Long Acre.║ 6. In the Mint, Southwark.║ 7.
Old Place yard.║ 8. Shoreditch.║ 9. Stony lane.║ 10. In the Strand.║

_Court of_ DISPENSATIONS. See _Court of_ FACULTIES _and_
DISPENSATIONS.

DISTAFF _lane_, Old Change.

DISTILLERS, a company incorporated by letters patent granted by
Charles I. in the year 1638. This corporation is governed by a
Master, three Wardens, nineteen Assistants, and 122 Liverymen, each
of whom pay on their admission a fine of 13_l._ 6_s._ 8_d_.

DISTILLERS _yard_, 1. Great Tower hill. 2. Shoreditch.

DITCH _alley_, Green alley, Tooley street.☐

DITCH _side_, 1. Collingwood street.☐ 2. Cuckolds Point.☐

DITCH _side row_, Holiwell lane, Shoreditch.

DITTON PARK, is in the parish of Datchet, in Berks. The house, which
is an ancient and venerable mansion, was built by Sir Ralph Winwood,
Secretary of State to King James I. and afterwards came into the
noble family of Montague; but on the demise of the late Duke, the
house and manor of Datchet came to the present Earl of Cardigan. The
former is built in the manner of a castle, surrounded by a large
moat, in the middle of a pleasant park well planted with timber. The
apartments are large and beautifully painted, and in the picture
gallery is a good collection of paintings, many of them by the
greatest masters.

DIZZLE’S _court_, Beech lane.†

DOBBIN’S _rents_, Whitechapel.†

DOBBS’S _court_, Swithin’s alley, Cornhill.†

DOBEY’S _court_, Monkwell street.†

DOCK HEAD, St. Saviour’s Dock.

DOCK HEAD _row_, St. Saviour’s Dock.

DOCK SIDE, Hermitage Dock.

DOCTOR FRIER’S _alley_, Little Britain.†

DOCTORS COMMONS, a college for the study and practice of the civil
law, where courts are kept for the trial of civil and ecclesiastical
causes under the Archbishop of Canterbury, and the Bishop of London;
as in the court of Arches, and the Prerogative court. There are also
offices in which wills are deposited and searched, and a court of
faculties and dispensations. Causes are likewise tried here by the
court of Admiralty, and by that of Delegates. The epithet of
_Commons_ is given to this place, from the Civilians commoning
together as in other colleges.

This edifice is situated in Great Knight Rider street, near the
College of Arms, on the south side of St. Paul’s Cathedral. The old
building which stood in this place was purchased for the residence
of the Civilians and Canonists, by Henry Harvey, Doctor of the civil
and canon law, and Dean of the Arches; but this edifice being
destroyed by the general devastation in 1666, they removed to Exeter
House in the Strand, where the Civilians had their chambers and
offices; and the courts were kept in the hall; but some years after
the Commons being rebuilt in a far more convenient and sumptuous
manner than before, the Civilians returned thither.

The causes of which the civil and ecclesiastical law do, or may take
cognizance, are blasphemy, apostasy from Christianity, heresy,
ordinations, institutions of clerks to benefices, celebration of
divine service, matrimony, divorces, bastardy, tithes, oblations,
obventions, mortuaries, dilapidations, reparation of churches,
probate of wills, administrations, simony, incest, fornication,
adultery, solicitation of chastity, pensions, procurations,
commutation of penance, right of pews, and others of the like kind.

The practisers in these courts, are of two sorts, Advocates and
Proctors. The _Advocates_ are such as have taken the degree of
Doctor of the civil law, and are retained as counsellors or
pleaders. These must first upon their petition to the Archbishop,
obtain his _fiat_; and then they are admitted by the Judge to
practise. The manner of their admission is solemn. Two senior
Advocates in their scarlet robes, with the mace carried before them,
conduct the Doctor up the court with three reverences, and present
him with a short Latin speech, together with the Archbishop’s
rescript; and then having taken the oaths, the Judge admits him, and
assigns him a place or seat in the court, which he is always to keep
when he pleads. Both the Judge and Advocates, if of Oxford, wear in
court scarlet robes, and hoods lined with taffata; but if of
Cambridge, white minever, and round black velvet caps.

The _Proctors_, or _Procurators_, exhibit their proxies for their
clients; and make themselves parties for them, and draw and give
pleas, or libels and allegations, in their behalf; produce
witnesses, prepare causes for sentence, and attend the Advocates
with the proceedings. These are also admitted by the Archbishop’s
_fiat_, and introduced by two senior Proctors. They wear black robes
and hoods lined with fur.

The terms for the pleading and ending of causes in the civil courts,
are but little different from the term times of the common law. The
order as to the time of the sitting of the several courts, is as
follows. The court of Arches having the pre-eminence, sits first in
the morning. The court of Admiralty sits in the afternoon on the
same day; and the Prerogative court also sits in the afternoon. See
ARCHES, PREROGATIVE _court_, &c.

DOCTORS COMMONS LIBRARY. This is a spacious room, containing a great
number of books of all sorts, more particularly on civil law and
history. It was greatly increased by the addition of the whole
library of Sir John Gibson, Judge of the Prerogative Office, given
by James Gibson, Esq; one of his descendants; and it must be
continually improving, as every Bishop, at his consecration, gives
at least 20_l._ and some 50, towards purchasing books for it.
_Maitland._

DODDINGTON _street_, Leather lane, Holborn.†

DODD’S _alley_, Nightingale lane, East Smithfield.†

DODD’S _yard_, Nightingale lane, East Smithfield.†

DODWELL’S _rents_, Barnaby street, Southwark.†

DOG _alley_, 1. Bowling alley, Westminster.* 2. Fore street, Lambeth.*

DOG AND BEAR _alley_, 1. Fore street, Lambeth.* 2. Horselydown.* 3.
Tooley street.*

DOG AND BEAR _yard_, 1. In the Borough.* 2. Crucifix lane.*

DOG AND DUCK _alley_, New Bond street.*

DOG AND DUCK _stairs_, near Deptford.*

DOG AND PORRIDGE _yard_, Old street.*

DOGHOUSE _bar_, Windmill hill, Old street, so called from its being
near the Doghouse, where the city hounds are kept.

DOGHOUSE _street_, Old street.

DOG _lane_, Five Feet lane, Barnaby street.*

DOG _row_, Mile end.*

DOG _Tavern yard_, Thames street.

DOG _yard_, 1. College street, Westminster.* 2. Castle street, Long
lane.* 3. Bear Inn yard, St. Margaret’s hill.*

DOG’S HEAD AND POTTAGE POT _alley_, Old street.*

DOG’S HEAD AND POTTAGE POT _court_, Whitecross street, Cripplegate.*

DOGWELL _court_, Lombard street; White Friars.†

DOLBIN’S _court_, 1. Black Eagle street.† 2. Monkwell street.†

DOLBY’S _court_, Peter’s lane.†

DOLEMAN’S _yard_, Holiwell street.†

DOLITTLE’S _alley_, Little Carter lane.†

DOLITTLE’S _rents_, Fashion street, Spitalfields.†

DOLLISHIRE _court_, Cable street.†

DOLPHIN _alley_, 1. Blackman street.* 2. St. Catharine’s court, St.
Catharine’s.* 3. Cock lane, Snow hill.* 4. Gun street,
Spitalfields.* 5. Long alley, Moorfields.* 6. Wapping.*

DOLPHIN _court_, 1. Gun street, Spitalfields.* 2. St. Catharine’s
lane.* 3. High Holborn.* 4. Little Distaff lane.* 5. Ludgate hill.*
6. Lombard street, Spitalfields.* 7. Noble street, Foster lane.* 8.
Tower street, Tower hill.*

DOLPHIN _yard_, 1. Blackman street.* 2. Butcher row, Ratcliff Cross.*
3. Dean street.* 4. Wapping.* 5. West Smithfield.*

DOLPHIN AND THREE COLTS _yard_, Crutched Friars.*

DOLPHIN _Inn yard_, Bishopsgate street.*

DONNE’S _alley_, Noble street, Foster lane.†

DONNET’S _court_, Maddox street.*

DORLSTON, a small but pleasant village near Hackney, to which parish
it belongs.

DORMER’S _hill_, by Stratton’s Grounds.†

DORRINGTON _street_, Cold Bath fields.†

DORSET _court_, 1. Canon row. 2. Dorset Gardens. 3. Gunpowder alley.

DORSET _gardens_, Salisbury court, so called from this place being
formerly the gardens belonging to the Earl of Dorset’s house.

DORSET _stairs_, Dorset street.☐

DORSET _street_, 1. Near Crispin street, Spitalfields. 2. Fleet
street, from the Earl of Dorset’s house, which formerly stood in
Salisbury court. See SALISBURY _court_. 3. Red Lion street.

DOUBLE HAND _court_, by Campion lane, Thames street.*

DOUBLE HOOD _court_, Campion lane.

DOVE _court_, 1. Addle hill, Great Carter lane.* 2. Gutter lane,
Cheapside.* 3. Labour in vain hill, Thames street.* 4. Leather
lane.* 5. Old Fish street.* 6. Old Jewry. 7. St. Swithin’s lane.* 8.
Turnmill street.* 9. White Friars.*

DOVER _court_, Dover street.

DOVER _street_, Piccadilly.

DOWGATE, according to Stow, was originally called _Downgate_, and was
only a principal key for ships and vessels, to load and land goods
and provisions: while Mr. Maitland contends for its being originally
the south gate of this city, where was anciently the _trajectus_, or
ferry of Watling street, one of the four great Roman military ways,
and that it was by the Britons, under the Roman government, called
Dourgate, that is Watergate.

DOWGATE _hill_, Thames street.

DOWGATE _stairs_, Couzen’s lane, Thames street.

DOWGATE WARD, is bounded on the north by Walbrook ward; on the west,
by Vintry ward; on the south, by the Thames; and on the east, by
Candlewick and Bridge wards: extending from St. Martin’s lane in the
east, to Cloak lane in the west, and from thence both east and west
to the Thames, in almost a strait line.

In this ward is the parish church of Allhallows the Great; and also
Plumbers hall, Watermens hall, Joiners hall, Innholders hall,
Skinners hall, and Tallow Chandlers hall; Merchant Taylor’s school,
and the Steel Yard.

It has an Alderman, his Deputy, and seven other Common Council men,
fourteen wardmote inquest men, five scavengers, eight constables and
a beadle. The jurymen returned by the wardmote inquest serve in the
several courts of Guildhall in the month of October. _Maitland._

DOWGATE _wharf_, Thames street.

DOWNING _street_, King’s street, Westminster.†

DOWN’S _street_, Hyde Park road.†

DOWSE _key_, near Dice Key, Billingsgate.

DRAKE _street_, Red Lion square.†

DRAPERS, one of the twelve principal companies, was incorporated by
letters patent granted by Henry VI. in the year 1439, by the title
of _The Master, Wardens, Brethren and Sisters of the guild or
fraternity of the blessed Mary the Virgin, of the mystery of Drapers
of the city of London_.

This company is governed by a Master, four Wardens, and thirty
Assistants, with a livery of 140 persons, who upon their admission
pay a fine of 25_l._ They apply to charitable uses about 4000_l._ a
year.

DRAPER’S _alley_, Woodroffe street, Tower hill.

DRAPER’S _court_, Prince’s street, Lothbury.†

DRAPERS HALL, situated on the south side of Throgmorton street, is
built upon the ruins of a noble palace erected on that spot, in the
reign of King Henry VIII. by Thomas Lord Cromwell, Earl of Essex,
which upon his attainder and execution for high treason devolving to
the Crown, was purchased by the Company of Drapers, for the use to
which it is now applied: but was burnt in the fire of London in
1666, and has been since rebuilt in a very handsome manner.

This is a spacious and noble edifice, which composes the four sides
of a quadrangle, each of which is elevated on columns and adorned
with arches, forming a piazza round a square court, and between each
arch is a shield, mantling, and other fretwork. The room called the
hall is adorned with a stately screen, and fine wainscot; the
pictures of King William III. King George I. King George II. at full
length; and an ancient picture, a three quarter length of Henry
Fitz-Alwine, a draper, and the first Lord Mayor of London.

There are also several other large rooms wainscoted with oak; as the
court room, at the end of which hangs a valuable picture of Mary
Queen of Scots at full length, with King James her infant son in her
hand. This leads into a long gallery, at the south end of which is a
door into the apartments for the clerk and offices: at the north end
a folding sash door opens into a grand square room called the Ladies
chamber, where the company have been used at certain seasons to
entertain their wives and friends with a ball. In the center of this
room hangs a large and beautiful cut chandelier, which was a present
from the late Sir Joseph Eyles, when he served the office of
Sheriff: and over the chimney piece is a fine picture of Sir Robert
Clayton, Lord Mayor of London. Out of the west side of this room is
a passage that leads to a place called the Record room; the door to
which is of iron; it is strongly built over the passage that leads
into the garden, and covered with a cistern that contains such a
body of water as may at any time be sufficient to defend this
apartment from fire that might spread from the adjacent buildings.

DRAPERS GARDENS, are pleasant and commodious, though not very large.
They are situated behind the hall, and being nearly square, have on
each side rows of lime trees which form very agreeable walks. The
middle part, which is enclosed by iron rails, has several grass
plats bordered with beds of flowers, and in the center is a statue
of Flora. In this part there are also several mulberry trees. These
gardens are open every day in the week except Sundays, for all
persons decently dressed.

DRAYTON, a village in Middlesex, situated on the river Coln, about
eighteen miles west from London.

DREW’S _alley_, Cow Cross, West Smithfield.†

DREW’S _court_, Peter street, Westminster.†

DREW’S _rents_. Upper Ground.†

DRIFTWAY, Near Bethnal green.

DRIVER’S _yard_, Old street.

DRUM _alley_, 1. Drury lane.* 2. High Holborn.*

DRUM _yard_, Whitechapel.*

DRURY _lane_, between the Strand and St. Giles’s Broad street. Drury,
was the old word for modesty; but this lane received its name from
the house of the noble family of Drewry being anciently situated at
the lower end of Drury lane, and the upper end of Wych street.
_Vocab. to Chaucer, Maitland’s Survey._

DRURY’S _rents_, Hermitage.†

DRYING _Grounds_, New Bond street.

DUAL’S _alley_, High Holborn.†

DUCK _lane_, 1. Peter street, Westminster. 2. West Smithfield.

DUCK’S _court_, Cursitor street.†

DUCKING POND _alley_, Whitechapel common.

DUCKING POND _lane_, 1. Mile end, New town.

DUCKING POND _row_, Whitechapel common.

DUDLEY’S _court_, Hog lane, St. Giles’s.†

DUET’S _wharf_, Lemon street, Southwark.†

DUFFER’S _court_, Little Broad street.†

DUFFIN’S _alley_, King’s street, Westminster.†

DUKE’S _alley_, 1. Castle yard, Holborn. 2. Kingsland road.

DUKE’S _court_, 1. Bow street, or Drury lane. 2. Crown alley, Upper
Moorfields. 3. Kingsland road. 4. Little Almonry. 5. St. Martin’s
lane, Charing Cross. 6. Narrow street, Limehouse.

DUKE’S _Place_, near Aldgate, so called from the Duke of Norfolk
having formerly a seat there. _Maitland._

DUKE’S PLACE _court_, Duke’s place.

DUKE SHORE, Limehouse.

DUKE SHORE _alley_, Duke shore.

DUKE SHORE _stairs_, Limehouse.

DUKE _street_, 1. Brook’s street, New Bond street. 2. Gravel lane,
Southwark. 3. Great Germain street. 4. Great Russel street,
Bloomsbury. 5. Grosvenor square. 6. Lincoln’s Inn fields. 7. Mint
street. 8. Piccadilly. 9. Spitalfields. 10. Tyburn road. 11. By
Charles street, near King’s street, Westminster. 12. York buildings.
See YORK BUILDINGS.

DUKE OF NORFOLK’S _yard_, St. Alban’s street.

DULWICH, a very pleasant village in Surry, five miles from London,
where there is a spring of the same medicinal waters as those of
Sydenham wells, with which the master of the Green Man, a house of
good entertainment, serves this city, and in particular St.
Bartholomew’s Hospital. The fine walk opposite to this house,
through the woods, affords from its top a very noble prospect; but
this is much exceeded by that from a hill behind the house, where
from under a tree distinguished by the name of _The Oak of Honour_,
you have a view as in a fine piece of painting, of the houses as
well as churches, and other public edifices, from Putney down to
Chelsea, with all the adjacent villages, together with Westminster,
London, Deptford, and Greenwich, and over the great metropolis, as
far as Highgate, and Hamstead. But Dulwich is most famous for its
college.

DULWICH COLLEGE, was founded and endowed in 1619, by Mr. William
Alleyn, who named it, _The college of God’s gift_. This gentleman
being a comedian and principal actor in many of Shakespear’s plays;
once personating the devil, was said to be so terrified at the
opinion of his seeing a real devil upon the stage, that he from that
moment quitted the theatre, devoted the remainder of his life to
religious exercises, and founded this college for a Master and
Warden, who were always to be of the name of Alleyn, or Allen; with
four Fellows, three of whom were to be divines, and the fourth an
organist; and for six poor men, as many poor women, and twelve poor
boys, to be educated in the college by one of the fellows as
schoolmaster, and by another as usher. In his original endowments,
he excluded all future benefactions to it, and constituted for
visitors, the churchwardens of St. Botolph’s Bishopsgate, St.
Giles’s Cripplegate, and St. Saviour’s Southwark; who, upon
occasion, were to appeal to the Archbishop of Canterbury, before
whom all the members were to be sworn at their admission. To this
college belongs a chapel, in which the founder himself, who was
several years Master, lies buried. The Master of this college is
Lord of the manor, for a considerable extent of ground, and enjoys
all the luxurious affluence and ease of the Prior of a monastery.
Both he and the Warden, must be unmarried, and are for ever debarred
the privilege of entering that state, on pain of being excluded the
college; but as the Warden always succeeds upon the death of the
Master, great interest is constantly made, by the unmarried men of
the name of Allen, to obtain the post of Warden.

The original edifice is in the old taste; but part of it has been
lately pulled down and rebuilt with greater elegance, out of what
has been saved from the produce of the estate. The Master’s rooms
are richly adorned with very noble old furniture, which he is
obliged to purchase on his entering into that station; and for his
use there is a library, to which every Master generally adds a
number of books. The college is also accommodated with a very
pleasant garden, adorned with walks, and a great profusion of fruit
trees and flowers.

DUMB _alley_, High Holborn.║

DUN COW _court_, Little Cock lane.

DUN HORSE _yard_, 1. Coleman street.* 2. St. Margaret’s hill.*

DUNG _wharf_, 1. Millbank. 2. Wapping Wall.

DUNGHILL _lane_, High Timber street.║

DUNGHILL _mews_, near Hedge lane.║

DUNKIRK _court_, Cock lane, Shoreditch.

DUNNING’S _alley_, Bishopsgate street without.†

DUN’S _Almshouse_, was erected by Cornelius Van Dun, a Fleming, in the
reign of Queen Elizabeth, with twenty rooms for so many poor widows;
but it not being endowed, is inhabited by the parish pensioners of
St. Margaret’s Westminster.

_St. Dunstan in the East._
_S. Wale delin._ _J. Fougeron sculp._
]

_St._ DUNSTAN’S _in the East_, a church situated on the west side of
St. Dunstan’s hill, Thames street, is dedicated to St. Dunstan
Archbishop of Canterbury, an implacable enemy and cruel persecutor
of the secular clergy, in favour of the regulars; and the additional
epithet _the East_, is given it, to distinguish it from St.
Dunstan’s in Fleet street. This church was repaired at a great
expence in 1633, and in 1666 suffered greatly by the fire of London;
but not being totally destroyed, the church was thoroughly repaired
in eighteen months; but the steeple was delayed ten years longer.
The style of the building is the modern Gothic. It is 87 feet in
length, 63 in breadth, and the roof is 33 feet high; it is well
enlightened, and agreeably disposed within. The steeple is 125 feet
high, and is well constructed in the Gothic manner: the tower is
light, supported by outworks at the angles; it is divided into three
stages, and terminated at the corners by four handsome pinacles, in
the midst of which rises the spire, not from a solid base, but on
the narrow crowns of four Gothic arches, a base so seemingly
insecure, that it fills the mind with apprehensions of its falling
with the first tempest, and yet is perhaps able to stand for ages.
This tower, which is extremely light and elegant, was built by Sir
Christopher Wren. The placing the spire on the top of four arches,
as the print shews, is esteemed a bold attempt in architecture, and
is one proof, among many, of the great geometrical skill of the
architect.

This church is a rectory, and one of the thirteen peculiars in this
city belonging to the archiepiscopal see of Canterbury. The Rector
receives 200_l._ a year in lieu of tithes.

_St._ DUNSTAN’S _in the West_, on the north side of the west end of
Fleet street, is dedicated to the same Saint as the former, from
which it is distinguished by the epithet _the West_. It appears to
have been built four or five hundred years, since there are accounts
of funerals and donations to it from the year 1421, with earlier
anecdotes of little consequence; and it is easy to see that it has
been repaired and altered at different periods, till the original
style, whatever it was, is lost. It narrowly escaped the fire in
1666, the flames stopping within three houses of it. This edifice,
in a very disagreeable manner, stands out into the street, and as it
has been observed, is but an incumbrance to the way, and without
having any thing but deformity itself, spoils the beauty of the
whole street, and hides the prospect of Temple Bar, which would
terminate the view very advantageously, and be seen almost as far
again as it is at present. The church consists of a large body, and
a small tower, every way unproportioned. The shops, which are in a
kind of sheds below it, make, as it were, a part of the building.
The clock projects to the south near the west end, and for the
amusement of the gaping vulgar, two human figures are placed in a
kind of Ionic loggia, and by means of clock work, strike two bells
hung over them, and declare the hour and quarters. _English
Architecture._

This church was originally a rectory in the patronage of the convent
of Westminster; though it afterwards became a vicarage, and being
granted by King Edward VI. to the Lord Dudley, has ever since
continued in lay hands. The Vicar receives 240_l._ a year in lieu of
tithes. _Maitland._

_St._ DUNSTAN’S _Stepney_. See STEPNEY.

DUNSTAN’S _court_, 1. Fleet street.☐ 2. Little Old Bailey.

DUSTAN’S _square_, Whitechapel.

DUNSTER’S _court_, Mincing lane.†

DURHAM _court_, Trinity lane.

DURHAM _yard_, 1. Chick lane. 2. In the Strand; from Durham House,
built by Dr. Beck Bishop of Durham. _Camden’s Britannia._

DURHAMS, in Middlesex, two miles north of Barnet, a seat which the
Earl of Albemarle bought of Sir John Austin, and has since greatly
beautified, by laying most of the neighbouring fields belonging to
it into a park, and by turning and repairing the roads. The house is
situated on an eminence that rises in a small valley, surrounded
with pretty high hills at a little distance, so that in the summer
months it affords an agreeable retreat; but the soil around it being
a stiff clay, the rain which falls in winter is detained on its
surface, and renders the situation very moist and cold.

DUTCH _Almshouse_, in White’s alley, Moorfields, was erected by Samuel
Shepherd, Esq; an eminent Dutch merchant, for twenty-eight poor
ancient women of his nation, each of whom has an allowance of 3_s._
a week, and 12_s._ to buy a gown every other year. _Maitland._

DUTCH _Almshouse_, in Moorfields. About the year 1704, the Dutch
congregation in Austin Friars purchased a piece of ground in Middle
Moorfields, and erected upon it a handsome almshouse, containing
twenty-six rooms for maintaining their poor, whether men or women,
besides a room where the Elders and Deacons meet weekly to pay the
pensions of those in the house, and to transact other business
relating to the poor. The pensions are either more or less,
according as their necessities may require; and the rooms are not so
appropriated to the Dutch nation, but that any English woman, the
widow of a Dutchman who had been a member of that church, is capable
of being admitted; and it often happens, that there are more English
than Dutch supported here.

DUTCH FURLONG _row_, Clerkenwell.

DUTCHY _lane_, in the Strand.

DUTCHY OF LANCASTER _court_. See LANCASTER.

DUXFORD _lane_, Thames street.

DYERS, anciently one of the twelve principal companies, was
incorporated by letters patent granted by Edward IV. in the year
1742, when this society among other privileges, obtained that of
keeping swans upon the river Thames.

This corporation consists of two Wardens, thirty Assistants, and 147
Liverymen, who upon their admission, pay a fine of 15_l._

Their hall, which was formerly situated near Old Swan lane, Thames
street, being destroyed by the dreadful conflagration in 1666, and a
number of warehouses erected in its place, the company have
converted one of their houses in Little Elbow lane, Dowgate hill,
into a hall to transact their affairs in. _Maitland._

DYERS _alley_, Brick lane, Spitalfields.

DYERS _Almshouse_, in Dyer’s buildings, Holborn, was erected by the
Dyers company, and contains eight rooms for so many poor women, who
are only allowed two pence per week, an evident proof of the
antiquity of the foundation.

The Dyers have another almshouse in St. John’s street, near
Spitalfields, erected by the master Dyers for the benefit of six
poor widows, each of whom is allowed 1_l._ 10_s._ a year.

DYER’S _buildings_, Holborn.

DYER’S _court_, 1. Aldermanbury. 2. Holborn hill. 3. Noble street,
Foster lane.

DYER’S _Court rents_, Dowgate hill.

DYER’S _yard_, 1. Church lane, Whitechapel. 2. Old Bethlem. 3.
Whitechapel.

DYOT _street_, St. Giles’s Broad street.

E

EAGLE AND CHILD _alley_, Shoe lane.*

EAGLE AND CHILD _yard_, Broad street, St. Giles’s.*

EAGLE _court_, 1. In the Strand.* 2. St. John’s street, West
Smithfield.*

EAGLE _street_, 1. Piccadilly.* 2. Plumtree street.* 3. Red Lion
street, Holborn.

EARL’S _court_, 1. Drury lane. 2. Great Earl’s street. 3. Little
Newport street.

EARL’S _passage_, Earl street.

EARL _street_, Seven Dials.

EAST _court_, Spitalfields market.§

EAST HARDING _street_, New street, Shoe lane.§

EAST INDIA COMPANY, was first incorporated by a charter granted by
Queen Elizabeth in 1601, when the first subscription for carrying on
this trade amounted to 739,782_l._ 10_s._ and a year or two after by
an additional subscription of 834,826_l._ the stock was raised to
1,574,608_l._ 10_s._ and with this capital they established a
commerce by the Red sea to Arabia, and to Persia, India, China, and
several of the East India islands. But about the beginning of the
protectorate of Oliver Cromwell, it being imagined that the laying
open the trade to the East Indies would be of advantage to the whole
nation, that commerce was made general, and thus continued till the
year 1657, when it being found that the separate trade was of
disadvantage to the undertakers, they were for the good of the whole
united to the company by the legislature. _Stow’s Survey, last
edit._

However in the year 1698, a new East India company was established,
by virtue of which the old company was to be dissolved after the
expiration of a certain term allowed them for the disposing of their
effects. This new company immediately advanced two millions sterling
to the government, at eight _per cent._ However, by the kind offices
of friends, the two companies were united in the year 1702, when a
new charter was granted them under the title of _The united Company
of Merchants trading to the East Indies_, and the old company had
their share of the two millions. In the 6th of Queen Anne, the
united company lent the government 1,200,000_l._ which made their
whole loan to amount to 3,200,000_l._ the interest of part of which
was a few years ago reduced to 3_l._ 10_s._ _per cent._ and part to
3_l._ _per cent._ the first of these is now called the 3 1-half _per
cent._ annuities, and the last the 3 _per cent._ annuities.

As to India stock, it is the trading stock of the company, and the
proprietors, instead of receiving regular annuities for money at
interest, have dividends of the profits arising from the company’s
trade, which being more valuable, these shares generally sell much
above the original value. _Pocket Library._

The transfer days of India stock, are now Tuesday, Thursday, and
Saturday; and of India annuities on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday,
except on Holidays, which are the same as at the Bank. See BANK _of
England_.

The hour of payment of dividends is from nine o’clock to eleven, and
from twelve o’clock to three; and the hour of transfer from twelve
to one.

As to the management of this company, 500_l._ in the company’s stock
gives the owner a vote in the general courts, and 2000_l._ qualifies
a person to be chosen a Director. The Directors are twenty-four in
number, including the Chairman and Deputy Chairman, who may be
reelected four years successively. The Chairman has a salary of
200_l._ a year, and each of the Directors 150_l._ A court of the
Directors is held at least once a week, at the East India House; but
they are commonly held oftener, they being summoned as occasions
require.

Out of the body of Directors are chosen several committees, who have
the peculiar inspection of separate branches of the company’s
business; as the committee of buying, committee of correspondence,
committee of accounts, committee of the treasury, a house committee,
a warehouse committee, a committee of shipping, a committee to
prevent the growth of private trade, and a committee of law suits.

The East India company export bullion to a very great value, with
woollen cloth, lead, and some other English commodities; and import
China ware, tea, cabinets, raw and wrought silks, calicoes, chints,
pepper, &c. but all the wrought silks, and calicoes, are to be
exported again.

All the goods imported by the company are to be sold openly by inch
of candle, on pain of forfeiting one half to the King, and the other
to the prosecutor.

East India stock is esteemed in law, personal estate, and the shares
exempt from taxes.

_East India House._
_S. Wale delin._ _B. Green sculp._
]

EAST INDIA HOUSE, on the south side of Leadenhall street, and a little
to the west of Lime street. This edifice was built on the place
where anciently stood the city house of the Lord Craven, and his
ancestors. The present structure was erected by the company in the
year 1726. It is a plain Doric on a rustic basement, and has not
much to be found fault with or commended. It might have been justly
considered as a very fine edifice, had it been the house of a single
Director; but it is not at all equal to the grandeur of this
company, and the great figure they make in the trading world; nor
bears any proportion to the idea we conceive of this body, when we
consider, that the Directors who meet here, appoint or remove
Governors who are their servants, and yet have all the dignity and
state of Kings, some of whom seldom stir abroad without their guards
and a numerous retinue, or eat, but upon gilt plate, or the finest
China.

The house, however, though too small in front, extends far
backwards, and is very spacious, having large rooms for the use of
the Directors, and offices for the clerks. It has a spacious hall
and court yard for the reception of those who have business, and who
attend on the company on court days, which are every Wednesday.
There also belongs to it a garden, with warehouses in the back part
toward Lime street, to which there is a back gate for the entrance
of carts to bring in goods. These warehouses were rebuilt in a very
handsome manner in the year 1725, and are now greatly enlarged. The
company have likewise warehouses in Seething lane, the Steel yard,
and at the Royal Exchange, particularly under the last they have
spacious cellars entirely for pepper. _Stow_, _Maitland_, &c.

EASTLAND COMPANY. These merchants were first incorporated by a charter
granted them by Queen Elizabeth in the year 1579, and their factory
being first settled at Elbing in Prussia, they obtained the name of
the merchants of Elbing. By their charter they were impowered to
trade to Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Poland, Prussia, and all the other
parts of the Baltic, exclusive of the city of Narva, which had been
previously granted to the Russia company; but the smallness of the
river Elbing rendering it very incommodious for navigation, the
factory removed, and settled at Dantzick, Koningsberg, Riga, and
other cities of the Baltic.

This company was confirmed by a charter granted by King Charles II.
but by a late act of parliament any persons are allowed to trade to
Norway and Sweden, though not of this company: and the Eastland
commerce in general is in a manner laid open.

Our commodities exported to these countries, are woollen cloths,
serges, kersies, Norwich stuffs, perpetuanoes, cottons, stockings,
hats, tin, pewter, lead, &c. and in return they import to England
timber, deals, masts, oars, clap boards, balks, bomspars, cantspars,
pipe-staves, flax, pitch, tar, tallow, pot-ashes, wheat, rye, rich
furrs, bees wax, and several other commodities. This trade is
however generally allowed to be of great disadvantage to England, as
the balance against us annually amounts to several hundred thousand
pounds: which is the more extraordinary, as all these articles might
be had from our own American plantations.

For the management of the affairs of this company, they have a
Governor, Deputy Governor, and court of Assistants, consisting of
twenty-four of the members, annually chosen on the first Wednesday
after Michaelmas day, and they have their meetings monthly; or as
occasion requires, at Founders Hall in Lothbury. _Stow’s Survey._

EAST _lane_, Rotherhith Wall.§

EAST _lane stairs_, Rotherhith.§

EAST _rents_, Barnaby street, Southwark.§

EAST SHENE, a village about a mile and a half in the coach road from
Richmond, where the Lord Viscount Palmerston, a descendant of Sir
William Temple, has a fine seat and gardens. These gardens were laid
out and finished by the great genius of Sir William, and were his
principal delight at the close of his life.

EAST SMITHFIELD, a small square near Little Tower Hill, surrounded
with but indifferent buildings.

EAST SMITHFIELD COURTS. In this liberty two courts are held, viz. a
court leet and court baron; in the first officers are chosen, and
nuisances presented; and in the second pleas are held to the amount
of forty shillings.

EAST SMITHFIELD _double passage_, Tower hill.

EAST SMITHFIELD _School_, was founded in the year 1673, by Sir Samuel
Sterling, Knight and Alderman of this city, who endowed it with
certain lands and tenements in East Smithfield, of the yearly value
of 20_l._ for educating sixteen poor boys of the parish of St.
Botolph Aldgate, viz. eight in the city liberty, and eight in that
of East Smithfield.

EAST _street_, 1. Red Lion street, Holborn. 2. Spitalfields market.

EBBGATE _lane_, Thames street.†

ECCLE’S _yard_, In the Minories.†

EDEN _court_, New street, Shoe lane.

EDGEWARE, a town twelve miles from London, in the road to St. Alban’s,
Watford, and Harrow on the Hill, is situated on the very edge of the
county of Middlesex. The old Roman way called Watling Street passes
by here from London.