Chapter II: Preface: To the Fourth Edition (1918)

1. I have altered the opening pages in accordance with the Preface to the edition of 1905.

2. I have added a paragraph on Syndicalism (pp. 291-2).

3. Also a new Table of _Addenda et Corrigenda_, and a new Index.

The quotations from St. Thomas may be read in English, nearly all of them, in the Author's _Aquinas Ethicus_, 2 vols.; 12s. (Burns and Oates.)

CONTENTS.

PART I.--ETHICS.

CHAPTER I.--OF THE OBJECT-MATTER AND PARTITION OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY.

CHAPTER II.--OF HAPPINESS. Section I.--Of Ends. Section II.--Definition of Happiness. Section III.--Happiness open to Man. Section IV.--Of the Object of Perfect Happiness. Section V.--Of the use of the present life.

CHAPTER III.--OF HUMAN ACTS. Section I.--What makes a human act less voluntary. Section II.--Of the determinants of Morality in any given action.

CHAPTER IV.--OF PASSIONS. Section I.--Of Passions in general. Section II.--Of Desire. Section III.--Of Delight. Section IV.--Of Anger.

CHAPTER V.--OF HABITS AND VIRTUES. Section I.--Of Habit. Section II.--Of Virtues in general. Section III.--Of the difference between Virtues, Intellectual and Moral. Section IV.--Of the Mean in Moral Virtue. Section V.--Of Cardinal Virtues. Section VI.--Of Prudence. Section VII.--Of Temperance. Section VIII.--Of Fortitude. Section IX.--Of Justice.

PART II.--DEONTOLOGY.

CHAPTER I. (VI.)--OF THE ORIGIN OF MORAL OBLIGATION. Section I.--Of the natural difference between Good and Evil. Section II.--How Good becomes bounden Duty, and Evil is advanced to sin.

CHAPTER II. (VII.)--OF THE ETERNAL LAW.

CHAPTER III. (VIII.)--OF THE NATURAL LAW OF CONSCIENCE. Section I.--Of the Origin of Primary Moral Judgments. Section II.--Of the invariability of Primary Moral Judgments. Section III.--Of the immutability of the Natural Law. Section IV.--Of Probabilism.

CHAPTER IV. (IX.)--OF THE SANCTION OF THE NATURAL LAW. Section I.--Of a Twofold Sanction, Natural and Divine. Section II.--Of the Finality of the aforesaid Sanction. Section III.--Of Punishment, Retrospective and Retributive.

CHAPTER V. (X.)--OF UTILITARIANISM.

PART III.--NATURAL LAW.

CHAPTER I.--OF DUTIES TO GOD. Section I.--Of the Worship of God. Section II.--Of Superstitious Practices. Section III.--Of the duty of knowing God.

CHAPTER II.--OF THE DUTY OF PRESERVING LIFE. Section I.--Of Killing, Direct and Indirect. Section II.--Of Killing done Indirectly in Self-defence. Section III.--Of Suicide. Section IV.--Of Duelling.

CHAPTER III.--OF SPEAKING THE TRUTH. Section I.--Of the definition of a Lie. Section II.--Of the Evil of Lying. Section III.--Of the keeping of Secrets without Lying.

CHAPTER IV.--OF CHARITY.

CHAPTER V.--OF RIGHTS. Section I.--Of the definition and division of Rights. Section II.--Of the so-called Rights of Animals. Section III.--Of the right to Honour and Reputation. Section IV.--Of Contracts. Section V.--Of Usury.

CHAPTER VI.--OF MARRIAGE. Section I.--Of the Institution of Marriage. Section II.--Of the Unity of Marriage. Section III.--Of the Indissolubility of Marriage.

CHAPTER VII.--OF PROPERTY. Section I.--Of Private Property. Section II.--Of Private Capital. Section III.--Of Landed Property.

CHAPTER VIII.--OF THE STATE. Section I.--Of the Monstrosities called Leviathan and Social Contract. Section II.--Of the theory that Civil Power is an aggregate formed by subscription of the powers of individuals. Section III.--Of the true state of Nature, which is the state of civil society, and consequently of the Divine origin of Power. Section IV.--Of the variety of Polities. Section V.--Of the Divine Right of Kings and the Inalienable Sovereignty of the People. Section VI.--Of the Elementary and Original Polity. Section VII.--Of Resistance to Civil Power. Section VIII.--Of the Right of the Sword. Section IX.--Of War. Section X.--Of the Scope and Aim of Civil Government. Section XI.--Of Law and Liberty.