Chapter XVII: Letter III (3)

Other Authors say inconsumable Cloth, and the Wieks of Perpetual _Lamps_ were made of the Stones _Magnesia_, _Alumen Sciscile_, and the like; [Sidenote: _Magnesia_, _Alumen Sciscile_, &c.] but whether under different Denominations one thing might be meant, I can by no means pretend to determin, altho’ _Hieronymus Mercurialis_ thinks Linnen made of the _Lapis Carystius_ to be the same which _Pliny_ calls _Linum vivum_, _Pausanias_, _Carpasium_, _Solinus_, _Carbasum_, _Zoroaster_, _Bostrichitem_, others _Corsoidem_, some _Poliam_ or _Spartopoliam_, and the common People _Villam Salamandræ_. Tho’ after all, the Ancients might very probably have some other Invention for burning Bodies, such as to set them on the Fire in a Coffin of Stone, Brass or Iron, from whence it was very easie to gather the Ashes and Bones that were not consum’d; and as for the _Lamps_ some are of Opinion they had no Wieks at all: Among these was _Licetus_, who believes the antient _Lamps_ wanted Wieks, because few or none of them have been found, and _Ludovicus Vives_ is the only Person that affirms he has seen any; but this is nevertheless a conjectural Opinion, since they might have been destroy’d either by Time, Fire or any other Accident. However, he at least affirms the Wiek of a _Lamp_ not to be absolutely necessary towards its burning, by reason _Camphir_, _Naptha_, _Oil of Bricks_, liquid _Bitumen_, and the like, will for the most part take Fire without any addition of a Wiek. _Ferrarius_, on the contrary, does not deny but rather confirm the use of Wieks, making the Question dubious, [Sidenote: Whether the _Perpetuity_ of a _Lamp_ proceeded from the _Oil_ or _Wiek_.] whether the perpetuity of Light in _Lamps_ proceeded mostly from the Oil or Wiek? If from the Oil, says he, why did they generally go out upon the admission of Air into the Sepulchre at its first opening? For Air or a gentle gale of Wind is not commonly found prejudicial to the flame of Oil, but only violent Blasts or Storms, which if absent, the Flame or Light will continue so long as the Aliment lasts. But how then came the _Lamps_ of _Minerva_, _Pallas_ and others not to be extinguish’d by the rushing in of Wind or sprinkling of Dust, and only by breaking the _Lamp_? Surely there must needs have been two kinds of inconsumable Oil, one which fear’d any admission of Air, and another which defy’d the most violent storms of Rain or Wind; or perhaps one might be the effect of an Oil-_Lamp_ without any Wiek, and the other of a _Lamp_ which had both Oil and Wiek, which certainly must have been the most permanent. For grant there are some Oils so spirituous and inflammable, that they will of themselves catch Fire at a great distance, yet must these needs be too volatile to occasion a _Lamp_ to burn perpetually, unless they are fix’d with some more permanent Matter, [Sidenote: Both _Wiek_ and _Oil_ in a _Lamp_.] and then they cannot be so easily lighted without a Wiek; neither can we understand how it should burn so above the _Lamp_, unless the Flame be supported by a little Cord or Wiek, the Vehicle of the Oil: Besides, What can that little _Foramen_ at the Beak of all the _Lamps_ mean, but only to thrust the Wiek and Light out at? ’Tis plain therefore they had Wieks, but what they were made of, whether of _Asbestos_, _Amiantus_, or any of the before-mention’d Things, is somewhat difficult to decide; forasmuch as they being reported both to have been inconsumable and inextinguishable, when once lighted, they must needs have burn’d perpetually, and consequently the _Lamps_ have had no occasion for any Oil; but this is certainly false, for both the _Lamps_ and _Funeral Shrouds_ burn’d only so long as there was any Oil, Fat, or oleaginous Moisture remaining, which being consum’d they likewise ceas’d, yet might perhaps remain unconsum’d, but that without any Flame. However, we must not deny there were any Wieks in _Lamps_, because they could not, as most are of opinion, continue to burn of themselves without any oily inflammable Matter, but rather all believe both the Oil and Wiek had a Virtue to assist each other, and on the contrary could not burn separately for any duration or considerable Time. But some have thought quite otherwise of this matter, _viz._ That what Country-Peasants imagine they see at the first breaking up of such Sepulchres are only the sudden irradiations and reflections of the Sun in those dark Caves, or else some sparks of Light rais’d by the percussion or attrition of their Iron-Tools against the Stones, a glimmering Vapour of the Earth, or the like Appearances, which being heightn’d by the strength of their prepossess’d Fancy, they easily take to be one of the Perpetual _Lamps_ of the Ancients, which had burn’d ’till then, but was immediately extinguish’d upon the rushing in of the Air, or accidental breaking of the _Lamp_. But _Gutherius_ thinks the contrary; he imagines it was some Liquor or Pouder which took fire at the entring in of the Air: And _Johan. Sigism. Elholtius_, in his Observations _de Phosphoris_, p. 9. obs. 2. Sect. 4. compares his liquid _Phosphorus_ or _Cold Fire_, as he terms it, with the _Lamps_ of the Ancients in these Words: [Sidenote: _Perpetual Burning Lamp_ thought to be liquid _Phosphorus_.] _Plura circa_ frigidum _hunc_ Ignem _Phœnomina hactenus non observavimus, in posterum tamen istis experimentis plus operæ sumus impensuri, & postea communicaturi. Profecto, si conjectura quorundam de_ Lucernis Veterum _Sepulchralibus vera est, quod scilicet non Mille vel amplius Annos illa arserint, sed quod apertæ demum ardere cæperint, tum utique ab Oleo illo Antiquorum, non multum obfuerit hic_ Phosphorus liquidus. _Qui enim quiescens & obturatus haud nitet, apertus & inter aperiendum motus, corruscare atque flagrare incipit: restauratæq; hoc pacto forent Lucernæ illæ, multis retro Seculis inter_ Deperdita _ab omnibus relatæ_. _We have not hitherto observ’d more_ Phœnomena _concerning this_ Cold Fire, _nevertheless intend for the future to spend more Time and Labour in these Experiments, and then will communicate them to the Public. But surely if a certain Conjecture concerning the_ Lamps _of the Ancients be true_, viz. _That they burn’d not a Thousand or more Years, but at length when they came to be discover’d began to burn, then certainly this liquid_ Phosphorus _cannot differ much from that Oil of the Ancients, which lying quiet and stopp’d up, hardly shines; but being open’d, in the motion of opening begins to corruscate and burn, and after this manner those_ Lamps _would be restor’d, which are related by all to have been lost for many Ages_.

[Sidenote: _Licetus_’s Opinion that a _Perpetual Lamp_ may be made.]

Nevertheless, _Licetus_ endeavours to persuade us that a _Pabulum_ for Fire may be given with such an equal Temperament, as cannot be consum’d but after a long Series of Ages, and so that neither the Matter shall exhale but strongly resist the Fire, nor the Fire consume the Matter, but be restrain’d by it, as it were with a Chain, from flying upward. This, says Sir _Thomas Brown_ in his _Vulgar Errors_, p. 124. speaking of _Lamps_ which have burn’d many Hundreds of Years, included in close Bodies, proceeds from the Purity of the Oil, which yeilds no fuliginous Exhalations to suffocate the Fire; for if Air had nourish’d the Flame, then it had not continu’d many Minutes, for it would certainly in that case have been spent and wasted by the Fire.

But the Art of preparing this _inconsumable Oil_ is lost, having perish’d long since, as _Pancirollus_ assures us, but neither he nor any other Learned Man has given us any convincing Proof that there ever was such a Thing, but only think to amuse us with a wonderful Art, and then tell us only it is quite lost. And for my part I cannot see hitherto that all that has been wrote or said on this Subject is sufficient to prove there ever was any such Thing, and much more that it ever could be made. _Licetus_, who has argu’d most on this Head, is confuted by _Aresius_, and in a word, all that can be alledg’d is, that if this Art be not impossible to be effected, it is nevertheless as difficult to be attain’d to, by any Human Invention, as the _Perpetual Motion_ or _Philosophers Stone_, therefore I shall not trouble my Thoughts any farther about these _Lamps_, but only look on them as so many _Hieroglyphics_ or Symbols of the _Immortality_ of the _Soul_, and heartily pray that we may not want _Oil_ in our _Lamps_ when the _Bridegroom_ shall come, but be prepar’d to enjoy _Eternal Light_ with him, which is the devout Prayer of,

_SIR_,

_Your most Obliged_

_Humble Servant_,

Thomas Greenhill.

_FINIS._

A
CATALOGUE
OF
Authors quoted in this Book.

A.

_Absyrtus._ _Cl. Ælianus._ _Aëtius._ _Agellius._ _Albertus Leoninus._ _Albertus magnus._ _P. Alpinus._ _D. Ambrosius._ _Ammianus Marcellinus._ _Apella Judæus._ _Petr. Appianus._ _Appion._ _Apuleius._ _Aretius._ _Aristoteles._ _Aristides._ _Arnobius._ _Artemidorus._ _Athenagoras._ _Athenæus._ _D. Augustinus._ _Avicenna._ _Aurelius._ _M. Aurelius Antoninus._ _Sext. Aurelius Victor._

B.

Lord _Bacon_. _Rob. Baronius, Cardinalis._ _Barthius._ _Tho. Bartholinus._ _Bartholomæus._ Sir _John Beaumont_, Kt. _Bellonius._ _Bellori._ _Phil. Bergomas._ _Joh. Bilsius._ _Steph. Blancardus._ _Boccatius._ _Ol. Borrichius._ _Bossuet._ _Botio._ Sir _Tho. Brown_, Kt. Dr. _Edw. Brown_. _M. Corneille le Bruyn._ _Tit. Liv. Burattinus._ _Gilb. Burnet_, D. D. _Joan. Buxtorfius._

C.

_Cælius Rhodiginus._ _Joh. Calvin._ _Camden._ _Camerarius._ _Camillus._ _Jac. Capellus._ _Hier. Cardanus._ _Joan. Bapt. Casalius._ _Casimirus._ _Cedrenus._ _Gabr. Clauderus._ _Clemens Alexandrinus._ _Cl. Claudianus._ _William Clark._ _Herm. Conringius._ _Cornelius Celsus._ _Joan. Chrysostomus._ _Chytræus._ _M. T. Cicero._ _Franc. Citesius._ _Val. Cordus._ _Joan. Costæus._ _Tho. Creech._ _Q. Curtius._

D.

_Delachampius._ _Mart. Delrius._ _Democritus._ _Demosthenes._ _Diodorus Siculus._ _Dionysius Halicarnassæus._ _Ped. Dioscorides._ _Joh. Dryden._

E.

Bishop of _Ely_. _Joan. Sigism. Elholtius._ _Eratosthenes._ _Sebast. Ericius._ _Mich. Etmullerus._ _Euripides._ _Eusebius._

F.

_Pet. Faber._ _Firmianus._ _Erasm. Franciscus._ _Wolfg. Franzius._

G.

_Cl. Galenus._ _Aulus Gellius._ _B. Gerhard._ _Conr. Gesnerus._ _Sax. Grammaticus._ _Joh. Greaves._ _Gretserus._ _Hug. Grotius._ _Andr. Gryphius._ _Antonio de Guevara._ _Claude Guichard._ _Melch. Guilandius._ _Gutherius._ _Lil. Gyraldus._

H.

_Joan. Henr. Heideggerus._ _Heliodorus._ _Henshaw._ _M. Joan. Herbinius._ _Herodotus._ _Hermolaus Barbarus._ _Pet. Heylin._ _Hippocrates._ _Aul. Hirtius._ _Homer._

I.

_Jacobonus._ _Iamblichus._ _Jarchas._ St. _Jerome_. _Josephus._ _Isiodorus._ _Isocrates._ _Justinus._ _Juvenalis._

K.

_Athan. Kircher._ _Joan. Kirkmannus._ _Barth. Korndorferus._ _Kornmannus._

L.

_Lactantius._ _Langius._ _Wolfg. Lazius._ _Lampridius._ _Leander._ _Leo Africanus._ _Leonardus._ _Andr. Libavius._ _Phil. Libertus._ _Fortun. Licetus._ _Just. Lipsius._ _T. Livius._ _Lucanus._ _Lucianus._ _Lucretius._ _Nich. Lyranus._

M.

_Macrobius._ _Maimonides._ _Sim. Maiolus._ _Manetho._ _Martialis._ _Martinus._ _Franc. Maturantius._ _Matthiolus._ _Andr. Maurocenus._ _Pomp. Mela._ _P. Menestrier._ _Minutius Felix._ _Hieron. Mercurialis._ _Joh. Milton._ _Bened. Ar. Montanus._

N.

_Joan. Nardius._ _Natalis Comes._ _Greg. Nazianzen._ _Nicephorus Callistus._ _Joan. Nicolaius._ _Nubiensis Geographia._

O.

_Origen._

P.

_Pet. Pais._ _Guid. Pancirollus._ _Onuph. Panvinus._ _Pausanias._ _Louis Penicher._ _Petronius Arbiter._ _Philostratus._ _Philoxenes._ _Pierius._ _Pflaumerus._ _Plato._ _Plautus._ _Plinius._ _Plutarchus._ _Podocatterus._ _Tho. Porcacchius._ _Porphyrius._ _J. Bap. Porta._ _Proclus._ _Prosper Alpinus._ _Aur. Prudentius._ _Ptolomæus._

Q.

_Joan. Andr. Quenstedt._

R.

_Matth. Raderus._ _Jo. Raius._ _Radzivillus._ _Rhasis._ _Cæl. Rhodiginus._ _Andr. Rivetus._ _Hier. Ruscellius._ _Fran. Ruæus._ _Frid. Ruysh._

S.

_Cl. Salmasius._ _Alph. Salmeron._ _Henr. Salmuthius._ _Sanctius._ _Sanchuniathon._ _Sandys._ _Santorellus._ _Saturnius._ _Saxo Grammaticus._ _Jul. Cæs. Scaliger._ _Bernardin. Scardeonius._ _Mich. Schatta._ _Schiangia._ _Joan. Schroderus._ _Seleucus._ _Seneca._ _Serapion._ _Servius._ _Cabr. Sionita._ _Silius Italicus._ _Solinus._ _Sopranes._ _P. Statius._ _Spartianus._ _Nich. Steno._ _Suetonius._ _Suidas._ _Sulpitius Severus._ _Joh. Swammerdam._

T.

_Corn. Tacitus._ _Alex. Tassonius._ _Tatian._ Father _Telles_. _William_ Arch-bishop of _Tyre_. _Theophrastus._ _Thevenot._ _Tolosanus._ _Alphons. Tostatus._ _Joan. Trithemius._

V.

_Valerianus._ _Valerius Maximus._ _Vallæus._ _Vanslebius._ _Varro._ _Rich. Verstegan._ _Joan. Veslingius._ _P. Virgilius Maro._ _Polyd. Vergilius._ _Fl. Vopiscus._ _Raph. Volaterranus._

W.

_Weever._ _Ol. Wormius._

X.

_Xenophon._ _Xiphilinus._

Z.

_Zoroaster._ _Zosimus._

THE
TABLE

A.

_Abel-mizraim_, 283.

_Abiit, non obiit_, why writ on Tombs, 55.

_Abraham_’s Burying-place, 8.

_Absalom_, how buried, 52.

—— his Pillar, _ibid. &_ 86.

_Achan_ and King _Ai_ buried under a Heap of Stones, 51.

_Acherusia_, 301.

_Achilles_ feared Sea-burial, 48.

_Act_ of Burial, 72, 82.

_Adam_, where buried, 8.

_Æneas_, why called by the Name of _Pious_, 34.

—— afraid of Sea burial, 45.

—— took care of Sepulture, 43.

_Agues_ malignant, 165.

_Æthiopians_, how they _Embalm_, 63.

_Air_ and _Water_ of _Egypt_ both very good, 158.

_Air_ of _Egypt_, very hot, 146.

—— —— cool’d by the _Nile_, and Annual Winds, _ib._

—— —— moist, prejudicial to _Embalming_, 151.

—— —— unequal, bad for _Embalming_, 159.

_Air_ poisoned, 13.

—— moist, infected by a putrid Carcass, 14.

_Alexander_ very careful of his _Sepulture_, 42.

—— his Burial, 217, 218, 219, 220.

—— made a magnificent _Funeral_ for his Horse _Bucephalus_, 30.

_Alexandria_, 211.

—— eminent for the Liberal Sciences, 215.

—— how industrious and flourishing, 235.

—— its Earth full of _Nitre_, 220.

_Aloes_, what meant by that Word in _Embalming_, 253.

Ἀλλάσσοντες, 185.

_Amiantus Lapis_, 360.

_Anatomy_, why so called, 180.

—— its _Encomium_, 182.

—— very useful in _Embalming_, ibid.

—— anciently performed by great and holy Men, 251.

_Ancients_ feared Sea burial, 45.

_Animals_ which bury their Dead, 26.

—— _embalmed_ with Cedar, 274.

_Anointing_ the Dead, 59, 60, 61.

—— a kind of _Embalming_, ib.

—— to what purpose used, 63.

_Apis_, 199.

Ἀφρόνιτρον, 260.

_Apoplexy_, 165.

_Apollo_ the younger, 175.

_Apothecary_, 61, 62, 177, 188.

_Armais_, 173, 174.

_Arithmetic_, how first invented, 231.

_Arts_, how first invented, 229.

—— most flourishing in the Reign of _Amasis_, 235.

—— can never flourish where _Quacks_ and _Undertakers_ are, 179.

_Art_ of making Gold and Silver, 183.

—— of tinging Glass, and making artificial Stones, 185.

—— of Distilling, Calcining, _&c._ 186.

—— of _Bandage_, 188.

—— of Poisoning the Air, 13.
which chiefly consists of Man’s Flesh, 14.

_Asa_’s Burial, 61.

_Asphalt_, 276.

—— how us’d in _Embalming_, ib. & 288.

_Assius Lapis_, 257.

_Astrology_ of the _Egyptians_, 191.

—— how invented, 231.

_Athothus_, the ancient Egyptian _Mercury_, 170.

—— Inventor of Images, Characters, and Dancing, _ib._

—— Sacrific’d Animals, and learned _Embalming_ and _Anatomy_, 172.

Ἄταφον τάφον, 38.

_Attiring_ the Corps, 64.

—— with white Vests, 66.

—— why it should be used, 66, 68.

—— what sort only exclaim’d against, 67.

_Asbestos Lapis_, 357.

—— its Oil, _ib._

_Asbeston_, seu _Asbestinum_, 358.

—— two Objections against it, 359.

_Averruncal_ Statues, 298.

_Authors_ who have written of Sepulchral Lamps, 330.

B.

_Babylon_, 204.

—— in _Chaldea_, 225.

_Babylonians_, how they _embalmed_, 63.

_Balsam Plant_, 208.

—— Its Description, 209.

—— Virtues, 110.

_Basaltes_, an _Ethiopic_ Stone, 251.

_Bechira_ seu _Bechiria_, 127.

_Bees_, how they bury and _embalm_ themselves, 28.

_Berd il Agiuz_, 154.

=Bergwachs=, 277.

_Beth-chajim_, 17.

_Bitumen Judaicum_, 276, 288.

_Body_, why to be taken care of, 25, 103, 105.

—— the _Temple_ of _God_, 25.

—— stuff’d with Medicinal Ingredients, 252.

—— with _Myrrh_, _Aloes_, and _Cinnamon_, 253.

—— preserv’d in a Salt-Pit, 269.

—— salted with _Nitre_, 241, 254, 255, 269.

—— only prepared with _Pissasphalt_, 278.

—— with artificial _Pissasphalt_, ib.

—— why burnt, 50, 119.

First-_born_ of _Egypt_ slain, 343, 344.

_Brain_ how extracted, 241, 248, 249.

_Brutes_ buried with Pomp and Magnificence, 30.

A great _Burning_ made for King _Asa_, 61.

_Burning_ the Dead, how order’d, 83.

—— why used, 82.

—— how long continued in use, 85.

—— as liable to be ill treated by an Enemy as Burial, 50.

—— an ignominious Way of Burial, 85.

_Burial_, its Rise and Antiquity, 8.

—— 1st Cause of it, _ib._

—— 2d Cause, 9.

—— 3d Cause, 16.

—— 4th Cause, 17.

—— 5th Cause, _ib._

_Burial_, thought more beneficial to the Living than Dead, 9, 10.

—— frees from the Terror of Death, 11.

—— preserves Bodies from Putrifaction, 11, 15.

—— —— from the Plague, 12, 15, 27.

_Burial_, a Work acceptable to God, 33.

—— to our Saviour, _ib._

—— an Act of _Justice_, ib.

—— a Work of Piety and Religion, _ib._

—— of Mercy and Humanity, _ib._

_Burial_, the Care of the _Gods_, 35.

—— an Honour to the Dead, _ib._

—— an Happiness, Favour and Kindness, _ib._

—— called by various Names, 33, 34.

—— how called by the _Saxons_, 92.

_Burial-place_, called by several Names, 17.

_Burial_ in the City, 93. Vide, _Places of Sepulture_.

—— by some used in the Day, by others in the Night, 72.

—— more ancient than Burning, 85.

—— observ’d by Brutes as well as Men, 26.

—— decent, what, 49.

—— ignominious, what, 49, 51.

Why there ought to be different kinds of Burial, 35, 52, 53.

_Burial_, why despised by some, 21, 22.

—— in what Sense the _Philosophers_ slighted it, 23.

—— the Want of it not prejudicial to the Soul, 18.

—— yet much feared by the _Heathens_, 21.

—— as believing the Souls of the unburied wandred 100 Years, _ib._

_Burial_, the want of it a Punishment, 47.

—— some kinds of it a Punishment, 49, 51, 52.

To be buried like an _Ass_, a Curse, 38.

C.

_Cæsar_’s Palace, 213.

_Cairo_, Old and New, 205.

_Caleg_, 165.

_Campus Sceleratus_, or Burying-place of the _Vestal Virgins_, 50.

_Campus Martius_, 89.

_Camsins_, 154, 155.

_Canal_, or _Khalis_, 206, 213.

_Canibals_, eat Man’s Flesh, 14.

_Cardan_’s _Mausoleum_ for a Fly, 29.

Care the _Ancients_ took of _Sepulture_, 32.

Carrying forth the Corps, 71.

—— —— how managed, 73.

_Carver_, 286.

_Castle_ of _Roude_, 133.

_Cataracts_ of _Nile_, 130.

—— the greater, _ib._

—— the lesser, 131.

_Caves_ near the _Pyramids_, 323.

_Cave_ called the _Church_, 329.

—— with two _Mummies_ in it, _ib._

_Cedar_-Ship built by _Sesostris_, 183.

_Cedria_, what, 271.

—— its Liquor, Oil, Pitch, Gum, _&c._ 272.

—— its Virtues, _ib._

—— Clysters made of it, and their Operations, 273.

_Cenotaphs_, 97, 99.

—— why built, _ib. &_, 98.

_Cera di Minera_, 277.

_Ceremonies_ in Funerals not to be neglected, 53.

—— how and when useful, 102.

_Charon_, 245, 301.

_Cheop_’s Tomb, 318.

—— the spacious _Chamber_ which contains it, _ib._

_Chimistry_ invented by _Hermes_, 183.

_Chimical_ Medicines useful in _Embalming_, 186, 245.

_Cimon_ the _Athenian_ buried his Horses, 30.

_Cleopatra_’s Palace, 214.

_Clerk_, who, 280.

_Climate_ of _Egypt_, 145.

_Closing_ the Eyes, 55.

—— —— why used, 56.

_Coffins_ made of _Sycamore_, 295.

_Conclamation_, 57, 58.

—— thought useless by _Santorellus_, 58.

_Cold Fire_, a sort of _Phosphorus_, 365.

_Cold of the old Hag_, a Season so call’d, 154.

_Colossus_ made of _Emerald_, 9 Cubits high, 186.

_Collerus_’s Funeral Oration, 43.

_Comparative Anatomy_, 4.

_Corpora Condita_, 285.

_Corpus Medicatum_, 284.

_Corps_, (Handsome) well-pleasing to the Ancients, 57.

—— why it soonest consumes in a Church-yard, 15.

_Creatures_, every one takes care of their own Funeral, 27.

_Crowning_ the Dead, 69.

—— a Reward to Vertue, _ib. &_ 70.

—— whence deriv’d, and to what end, 69.

_Cryptæ_, 202.

—— why so call’d, 96.

—— _Kiovienses_, 95.

—— one found at _Nismes_, 96.

_Curing a Corps_, what, 188.

_Cynocephalus_, 231.

D.

_David_’s Sepulchre, 37.

_Day_ of _Burial_, when, 72.

—— of _Burning_, ib.

_Delta_, why so called, 127, 131.

_Dead Bodies_, why kept 7 Days, 58.

—— kept in their Houses, 304.

—— plac’d at the Table, _ib._

_Dead Sea_, 143.

_Death_ compar’d to Sleep, 56, 110.

_Dei Ager aut Fundus_, 17.

_Delphian Oracle_, how to be understood, 4.

_Demonactes_, how he desired to be buried, 23.

_Deprivation_ of ones Sepulchre, a Curse, 37.

_Description_ of the _Ichnography_ and _Scenography_ of the
Subterranean Caves, 327.

—— of some _Lamps_, 333.

—— of the first and fairest _Pyramid_, 312.

—— of the Gallery, 316.

_Dew_ of _Egypt_, 156.

_Difference_ between Ecclesiastical and Criminal Burial, 49.

_Dioclesian_, why he burnt all _Chimical_ Books, 184.

_Diodorus Siculus_’s Account of the _Egyptian_ Funerals, 243.

_Diogenes’_ jocose Sayings concerning _Sepulture_, 22.

The _Dissector_, 177, 183, 250, 285.

_Designer_, 177, 250, 290.

_Dolphins_ take care of their Dead, 26.

_Domus Viventium_, 17.

_Dormitorium_, 17, 100, 110.

_Dresses_ and _Ornaments_ of the _Mummies_, 294.

_Dropsie_, 164.

_Drugs_ brought by the _Caravan_, 207.

To become like _Dung_, rotting upon the Earth, the severe Judgment and
Punishment of _God_, 39, 40.

E.

_Eccho_ very remarkable in the great _Pyramid_, 315.

_Egypt_, how scituate and bounded, 124.

—— its Denominations, 125.

—— why called _Ægyptus_, ib.

—— Govern’d by _Coptus_, 126.

—— its Extent, _ib._

—— ancient and modern Division, _ib._

—— its Fertility, 139.

—— the drying Quality of its Earth, 153.

—— Mistress of the World, and Mother of all Arts and Sciences, 190.

—— its Number of Cities and Inhabitants, 236.

—— how it came to be so populous, _ib._

_Egyptian_, _Æsculapius_, 172.

—— _Apollo_, 169.

—— _Mercury_, 170.

—— _Arts_, how they came to be lost, 184.

_Egyptians_, their Characters, ancient and modern, 160.

—— their Make, Complexion, and Temper, 161.

—— Women very fruitful in Children, _ib._

—— their Constitution and Habit of Body, 162.

—— very long liv’d, _ib._

—— their Diseases, 163.

—— first Authors of _Medicine_, 168.

—— well skill’d in _Anatomy_, 179.

—— —— in _Ostiology_, 182.

—— their Antiquity, 190.

—— Inventions, _ib._

—— Astrology, 191.

—— Mathematics, _ib._

—— Architecture, 193.

—— their Opinion of the _Metempsychosis_, 238.

—— their Belief of the Resurrection, 106, 240.

—— Famous in Arts and Sciences, 189.

—— the first Inventors of them, 190.

—— by what Means they perform’d such wonderful Works, 237.

—— and to what end, _ib._

—— the first Inventors of _Embalming_, 61.

—— why they _embalmed_ Bodies, 106.

—— how they _embalm’d_ them, 238, 248.

—— they _embalmed_ Cats, Crocodiles, Hawks, _&c._ 32.

—— they set their Dead on their Feet, 85.

—— they deny’d Burial to executed Persons, 47.

_Elatio_, or the carrying forth a _Corps_, 71.

_Elephants_ bury their Dead, 29.

_Embalming_, a noble _Art_, 4.

—— a Branch of _Surgery_, 2.

—— very useful in Natural Philosophy, Physiology, Divinity, Physic,
_&c._ 2, 3, 4.

—— chiefly practised by _Undertakers_, 2.

—— particularly useful in _Anatomy_ and _Surgery_, 3.

—— teaches Medicines against _Gangrenes_, _&c._ 4.

—— what accounted by the Ancients, and what by the present Age, 4, 5.

—— its _Antiquity_, 5.

—— invented by the _Egyptians_, ib.

—— of general Use, _ib._

—— by most despised, _ib._

—— the chief of all funeral Ceremonies, 103.

—— the best Way of Preserving the Memory of the Dead, 107.

—— not contrary to the Scriptures, 108.

—— acceptable to _God_, 112.

—— approved by our _Saviour_, 115.

—— an Emblem of the Resurrection, 112.

_Embalming_, in a general sense very extensive, 115.

—— the most durable thing, 117.

—— useful in _Phisiology_ and _Physic_, 18.

—— in _Anatomy_, ib.

—— in _Surgery_, ib.

—— necessary for transporting Bodies, 119.

—— secures from the Insults of Animals, 120.

—— what intended by it, 120, 121.

—— that of the _Hebrews_ different from that of the old _Egyptians_,
61.

_Embalming_, how found out, 233.

—— 2 or 3 sorts of it, 241, 242, 275, _viz._

—— with _Pissasphalt_, 287.

—— with _Cedar_, ib.

—— with _Asphalt_, 288.

—— with _Aromatics_, ib.

_Embalming_ of _Jacob_, 281.

—— —— performed in 40 Days, 282.

_Embalmer_, 177.

—— much honoured, 250.

_Embowelling_ a Corps, 251.

_Entrance_ into the Caves, 326.

_Enoch_ and _Elijah_, neither dy’d nor corrupted, 115.

_Epitaph_ on a Bee, 28.

_Epagomene_, 153.

Ἐνταφιοπώλις, 286.

Ἐνταφιαστής, _ib._ & 280, 286.

=Erdwachs=, 277.

_Erriff_, 127.

_Euripides_’s Opinion of _Sepulture_, 35.

_Expences_ of a _Funeral_, insignificant without _Embalming_, 102.

_Experiments_ concerning Scarcity of _Rain_ in _Egypt_, 157.

—— of the _Water_, 158.

—— for making _eternal Fire_, 352.

—— the 1st, _ib._

—— the 2d, 354.

F.

_Fame_ the _Goddess_ of _Embalming_, 117.

_Feasts_ for the Dead, 84.

—— of _Lamps_, 341.

—— to what end instituted, 343.

—— the true and sacred Reason, _ib._

_Fengo_, the Tyrant’s Ashes scattered by the Winds, 51.

_Fire_ an Emblem of the Soul, 331.

—— —— of Life eternal, 332.

—— thought by the _Persians_ to be a _God_, 239.

—— —— by the _Egyptians_ a _living creature_, ib.

Following the Corps, 82.

To become Food to Birds and Beasts, a Curse, 39, 40.

_French_, why they deny’d Burial, 25.

_Funeral_, why so called, 73.

—— Rites, why called _Justa Funebria_, 34.

—— Oration spoke before Battel, 43.

—— Procession, 282.

—— Games, 84.

_Funus odoratum_, 289.

_Furca_, or a Gibbet: All such as were hanged thereon, were by the Laws
deny’d Burial, 48.

G.

_Gabbares_, 240.

_Gemelhazar_, 234.

_Gauls embalmed_ with Oil of _Cedar_, 274.

_Generals_ put to Death for neglecting to Bury the Dead, 42.

_Gentiles_, assign’d the Care of _Funerals_ to certain _Gods_, 35.

_Geometry_, how invented, 231.

_Gibnehalon_, 163.

=Gotsacker=, 17.

_Granaries_ of _Joseph_, 204.

_Graves_ in the Highway, or under the Gallows, 49.

To be dug out of one’s Grave, a Curse and Punishment, 50.

_Greeks_ deny’d decent Burial to infamous Persons and Criminals, 47.

_Gulph_ of _Mecca_, or _Arabian Gulph_, 140.

_Gymnasium_, what it signifies, 171.

_Gymnastic Art_, ib.

H.

_Hannibal_ took great care of _Burial_, 42.

_Hatching_ of Chickens at _Grand Cairo_, 207.

_Halmirhaga_, 258.

_Heliogabalus_’s Body dragg’d about Streets, and flung into a
Common-shoar, 51.

_Henry_ the Seventh’s Chappel, 87.

_Herald_, 76, 286.

_Hermes Trismegistus_, 173.

—— supposed to be _Armais_, ib.

—— a great _Philosopher_, _Priest_ and _King_, ibid.

—— —— establisher of _Magic_, 174.

_Herodotus_’s Account of the _Egyptian_ Funerals, 241.

_Hieroglyphic_ Characters, 290.

—— their signification, 293.

_Highwaymen_ deny’d _Burial_, and set up on Wheels, _&c._ 48.

_Homer_’s Opinion of Sepulture, 35.

_Horace_’s Monument, 116.

_Hypogeum_, 96, 202.

I.

_Ichnography_ and _Schenography_ of the _Burial Places_, 203.

_Jews_ deriv’d their Manner of _Embalming_ from the _Egyptians_, 61.

_Jewish Embalming_ rather a Ceremony than Preserving a Corps, 62.

_Injectio Glebæ_, 92.

_Inscriptions_ on _Tombs_, 87, 90, 94, 95, 196.

_Insects_, which take Care of their Dead, 26.

—— how they bury themselves, 28.

—— some burn’d and others _embalm’d_, 29.

_Insepulta sepultura_, 38.

_Interment_, the first Cause of it, 8.

_Josiah_ took Bones out of their Sepulchers and burnt them, 50.

_Isis_ taught the _Egyptians_ salubrious Plants, 168.

—— the Inventor of _Images_, 170.

Isle of _Pharos_, 220.

_Judging_ the _Dead_, 244, 302.

K.

ΚΕΝΟΤΆΦΙΟΝ, 97.

_Khalis_ of _Cleopatra_, 220.

_Kissing_ the Dead, 54.

—— to what end used, _ib. &_ 55.

—— rather prejudicial than otherwise, 55.

Κοιμητήριον, 17.

_Korah_, _Dathan_, and _Abiran_, buried alive, 49.

L.

_Labyrinth_, 222.

—— by whom and to what end built, 223, 224.

_Lake Mœris_, 141.

—— —— why so called, 142.

—— _Asphaltites_, 143, 144.

_Lamps_ perpetual, to what end invented, 331, 343.

—— supposed to have burnt in the first _Pyramid_, 333.

—— in subterranean Caves and Vaults, 96, 333.

—— that have burn’d by a Divine Power, 351.

—— that have burn’d by the Wiles of the _Devil_, ib.

—— —— or from a natural Cause, 352.

—— or can be made with _Gold_, _Silver_, &c. 353.

—— or _Mercury_, ib.

—— with _Naptha_, 355.

—— with liquid _Bitumen_, or _Petroleum_, 356.

—— confirm’d by _Schiangia_, ib.

—— and believed by _Kircher_, ib.

—— whether their Perpetuity proceeded from the Oil or Wick, 363.

—— thought to be a sort of _Phosphorus_, 365.

—— how made according to _Licetus_’s Opinion, 366.

—— _Hieroglyphics_, or _Symbols_ of the Immortality of the _Soul_, 367.

_Lamp_ of the _Alexandrian Pharos_, 337.

—— with a Dog’s Head, 340.

—— found at _Edessa_, 351.

—— of a _Heliotrope_, 336.

—— of _Jupiter Ammon_, 350.

—— with four Lights, 339.

—— of _Minerva_, 350.

—— of the _Moon_, 338.

—— of _Mycerinus_, 341.

—— with an _Ox_’s Head, 340.

—— of an _Ox_ with a _Boy_ on his Back, 337.

—— of _Olybius_, 351.

—— of _Pallas_, 348.

—— of _Serapis_, 333, 334.

—— of a _Sphinx_, 338, 339.

—— with two beaked Ships, 339.

—— of a tripple-headed Monster, 334.

—— of _Tulliola_, 345, 346.

—— of _Typhon_, 335.

—— of _Venus_, 351.

_Languages_ and _Characters_ of the _Egyptians_ of two kinds, 291.

_Lapis Asbestos_, 357.

—— _Amiantus_, 360.

—— _Cyprius_, ib.

—— _Carystius_, 361.

_Laws_, their Goodness, 234.

—— made to restrain the Extravagancy of Funeral Ceremonies, 73, 79.

_Laying out a Corps_, 70.

—— why used, 71.

_Lazarus_ embalmed, 62.

_Lecticæ seu Lecti_, 74.

_Letter_ to _Charles Bernard_, Esq; 1.

—— to Dr. _John Lawson_, 123.

—— to Dr. _Hans Sloan_, 307.

_Libitina_, 286.

_Libitinarii_, ib. & 340.

_Library_ of _Ptolomy_, 185, 216.

_Linum vivum_, 358.

—— _Cyprium_, 300, 362.

—— _Carpasium_, 361.

—— _Creticum_, 362.

_Lodgings_ of the _Priests_, 320.

_Lucretius_, his Opinion of Sepulture, 24.

_Lues Venerea_, its supposed Origin, 14.

M.

_Machpelah_, _Abraham_’s Burying-place, 8.

_Magical Medicine_ spread over most Countries, 175.

_Magic_ used in _Embalming_, 176.

_Magnesia_, 362.

_Maltem_, 155.

_Man_, the Epitome and Perfection of the Macrocosm, 4.

—— his Elogium, 108.

—— his Transgression, _ib._

—— has a right to a Burial-place in the Earth, 7.

_Manes_, Gods of Funerals, 35.

_Mare mortuum_, 143.

_Caius Marius_’s, Bones dug up and flung into the Sea, 50.

_Matarea_, 208.

_Mathematics_, 191.

_Medicines_, why call’d _Pharmaca_, 175.

_Memphis_, 199.

_Memphitis Lapis_, 187.

_Memnon_’s Statue, 192.

_Mercury_ II., 173.

_Merissi_, 154, 155.

_Metempsychosis_, 238.

_Milesian_ Virgins, how deterr’d from hanging themselves, 48.

_Mina_, what, 197.

_Monuments_ built during Life, 86, 87.

—— why call’d Muniments, 99.

—— why Monuments, 100.

—— made of Glass, 101.

_Mourning_, 241, 242, 246, 247, 248.

—— the Manner of it, 77.

—— with Sackcloth and Ashes, 78.

—— cutting and tearing the Flesh, _ib._

—— Habit, 75.

_Mourners_ feigned, 78.

_Mouth_ of the Dead, why shut, 57.

_Mummies_ found in the Sands, 152.

—— several things found included in them, 297.

—— Sophisticate, 279.

_Murderers_ denied Burial, 47, 48.

N.

_Nature_ has provided Burial and a _Grave_ for all Creatures, 30.

Νεκροκόσμος, 279, 286.

_Nicias_ took great care to bury the slain, 43.

_Nicodemus_ and _Joseph_ _embalm’d_ our Saviour, 62.

_Nile_ River, 127.

—— its Rise and Course, 129.

—— its Cataracts, 130.

—— its _Ostia_, or Mouths, 132.

—— its Inundation, 132.

—— time of its Increase, 133.

—— its Effects, 134.

—— Cause of its Fertility, 135.

—— of its Increase, 136.

—— Operation of its Waters, 137.

_Ninus_’s Sepulchre, 225.

_Nitrum Chalastræum_, 257, 263.

—— _Chalastricum_, 264.

—— _Berenicum_, 257.

_Nitre Armenian_, 258.

—— _Lydian_, 262.

—— _Egyptian_, 264.

—— of _Buna_, 258.

—— of _Turkey_, ib.

—— three kinds, 260.

—— different Opinions of it, 266.

—— that of the Ancients the same with our _Salt Petre_, 268.

—— used in Cookery, 269.

—— —— in _Embalming_, 255.

_Nitri Spuma_, 257, 260, 265.

_Nomi septem_, 127.

O.

_Obelisk_ of _Semiramis_, 191, 228.

—— two at _Alexandria_, 214.

_Observations_ on the _Nile_, 135.

—— on the _Pyramids_, 322.

—— on the subterranean Caves, 327.

_Office_ of _Embalming_, 279.

_Opobalsamum_, 210.

_Osiris_ taught the _Egyptians_ Food and Drink, 168.

_Orus_, Son of _Osiris_, apply’d for _Physic_, salubrious Plants, by
sacrificing them, 168.

—— to which he added _Music_, 169.

—— and Poetry, _ib._

—— thence thought to be the _Egyptian Apollo_, ib.

_Ossilegium_, 84.

_Osymandua_’s _Tomb_, 195.

_Ovid_ afraid of _Sea-Burial_, 46.

_Ointment_ of Children’s Fat used by Witches, 14.

—— of Spikenard, 62.

P.

_Pagans_ not without some hopes of the Resurrection, 24, 112.

_Painter_, 286, 290.

_Painting_ of the Dead used in _France_ and _Italy_, 74.

_Pall_, why used, _ib._

_Palace_ of _Cleopatra_, 214.

—— of the _Mamaluke Sultans_, 206.

_Pallium_ used by the _Greeks_ to cover their Dead, 65.

_Pantænus_, first Reader of _Divinity_ and _Philosophy_, 215.

_Patriarchs_, where buried, 8.

_Pawning_ the Dead, 246, 303.

_Pensil Gardens_, 227.

_Pentapolis_, 144.

_Persians_, how they _Embalm_, 63.

_Persons_ present at Funerals, 74.

—— how qualify’d for _Embalming_, 177.

_Pharaoh_’s Punishment, 12.

_Pharos_, or Watch-Tower, 221.

_Philosophers_ contemplated on Life and Death, 7.

—— in what sense they slighted Burial, 23.

_Phosphorus_, 365.

_Physic_, how found out, 232.

_Physician_, 280.

_Piaster_, what, 329.

_Pickle_ made of _Nitre_, 266.

_Pissasphalt_ natural, 276.

—— artificial, 278.

—— natural, call’d _Mummy_, 277.

_Places_ of _Sepulture_, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94.

_Plague_, 165.

—— ceases at the Inundation of the _Nile_, 134, 135, 166.

_Plain_ of _Mummies_, 329, 330.

_Plato_ defines the Scope and End of his _Philosophy_, to be only the
Consideration of Death, 8.

_Pluto_, the chief of the _Funeral Gods_, 35.

_Polliacus_ erected a Tomb in Memory of his beloved Bitch, 30.

_Polycharacteristic_ Statues, 299.

_Pollinctor_, 177, 285.

_Poisons_ made of Man’s Flesh, 14.

_Pox_, (French) 165.

—— Small, _ib._

_Pompey_’s Pillar, 212.

—— by whom built, 213.

_Præficæ_, hired _Mourners_, 76.

_Priests_, the proper and only _Physicians_, 172, 177.

—— their Business, 188.

_Problem_ concerning _Diet_, 162.

_Procession_ of a _Funeral_, 76.

_Providence_ of _God_ extends even to the Bodies of the Dead, 33.

_Prophylactic_ Statues, 298.

_Psalms_ and _Hymns_ when introduc’d, 76.

_Ptolomean Library_, 216.

_Puticulæ_, 88.

_Putrifaction_, its pernicious Effects, 11, 12, 13.

_Pyramids_, 311.

—— why so call’d, 331.

—— to what end built, 237, 309.

—— why of a pyramidal Form, _ib._

—— their Number, 310.

—— Scituation, _ib._

—— their _Founders_, ib.

—— Description of the first, 312.

—— the _Entrance_ into it, 313.

—— first and second _Gallery_, ib.

—— the _Well_, 314.

—— strange Eccho, 315.

—— fine _Gallery_, 316.

—— two _Anti-Closets_, 317.

—— spacious _Chamber_, 318.

—— _Cheop_’s Tomb, _ib._

—— how many Men employ’d in building it, 319.

_Pyramid_ the second, 319.

—— its Lodgings for the Priests, 320.

—— the third, _ib._

Q.

_Quacks_, who, 177.

—— none in _Egypt_, 178.

_Quietorium_ seu _Requietorium_, 100.

R.

_Rains_ in _Egypt_, 147, 155.

_Red-Sea_, 140.

_Reflections_ on the _Egyptian Embalming_, 246.

_Resurrection_, the Hope of it the chief Cause of _Burial_, 18.

_Right_ of _Burial_ and _Funeral Ceremonies_, 5.

—— grounded on the _Law_ of _God_ and _Nature_, 25.

_Roulers_, how prepar’d, 289.

_Rudder_ of a _Ship_, how first invented, 230.

S.

_Sacara_, how the Inhabitants get their Livelyhood, 325.

_Sacrifices_ to the _Dead_, 84.

_Sacrilegious_ Persons deny’d Burial, 47.

_Sand_, how useful in _Embalming_, 151.

_Sandapilarii_, 74.

_Salt_ made of the _Nile_ Waters, 139, 220.

—— used with _Balsamics_ preserves Bodies, 270.

_Salitores_, _Salters_, or _Pollinctors_, 254, 285.

_Sarah_, where buried, 8.

_Scabs_ and _Leprosie_ of _Egypt_, 164.

_Scipio_ afraid of Sea-Burial, 45.

_Scribe_, or _Designer_, 250.

_Scroles_ painted with Characters, 296.

_Scythians_, how they _Embalm_, 63.

_Sea-Burial_, why feared by the _Ancients_, 46.

_Searchers_, their Office, 71.

_Seasons_ of the _Year_, 153.

—— —— temperate, _ib._

—— —— cold, 154.

—— —— intemperate, _ib._

—— why to be observ’d in _Embalming_, 156.

_Seminatio_, 17.

_Septuagint_, 216.

_Serapis_, or _Apis_, the _Egyptian Æsculapius_, 172.

_Serapes_, 298.

—— their Forms and Actions, 299.

—— their Use and Virtues, 301.

_Serapion_, 215, 217.

_Sepulchres_, why call’d _Requietoria_, 47.

—— some proper, 94.

—— common, 95.

—— belonging to the Family, _ib._

—— hereditary, _ib._

_Sepulchre_, call’d by the _Egyptians_ _Domus æterna_, 101.

—— why call’d eternal Houses, 305.

—— of _Osiris_, 200.

—— of _Mycerinus_’s Daughter, _ib._

—— of _Alexander_, 217.

—— of _Ninus_, 225.

—— of the _Egyptian_ Kings, 194.

_Sepulture_ rightly accounted _Jus Naturæ_, 5.

—— a Debt to _Nature_, ib.

—— ordain’d by _God_ himself, 5.

—— practis’d by the _Heathens_, 6.

—— asserted in the _Scriptures_, 7.

—— confirm’d by the _Philosophers_ and _Poets_, ib.

—— instituted in obedience to the Love of _God_ and _Nature_, 8.

—— defends from the _Plague_, 15.

—— and preserves _Bodies_, ib.

—— why invented, 16.

—— strictly observed in War, 42.

—— yet deny’d some out of Revenge, 41.

—— always esteem’d honourable among _God_’s People, 85.

_Sesostris_’s Cedar _Ship_, 183.

_Ships_ of _Arabia_, 207.

_Silk-worm_, spins her own Winding-sheet, 29.

_Situation_ of the Dead in their _Sepulchres_, 85, 86.

_Smell_ of a _Goal_ very pernicious, 14.

_Snow_ in _Egypt_, 149.

_Somia_, the Burial-place of the _Ptolomies_, 217.

_Sorceresses_ feed on Man’s Flesh, 14.

_Sore Eyes_ and _Blindness_ of the _Egyptians_, 163.

_Soul_ concern’d at the ill Usage of the _Body_, 104, 105.

_Sounding_ of Brazen Vessels about the Dead, 57.

_Sphinx_, 321.

—— represents _Momphta_, 322.

_Stoics_, value not the Corruption of the Body, 20.

_Stonehenge_ the Sepulchre of the _Britains_, 91.

_Stones_ heap’d over a Body, an ignominious sort of Burial, 51, 52.

_Summer_ of _Egypt_, 154.

_Subterranean Caves_, 202, 324.

_Surgery_ the chief of _Arts_, 1.

—— invented and improved in _Egypt_, 187.

—— how useful in _Embalming_, 188.

—— teaches the _Art_ of _Bandage_, ib.

_Surgeon_, the chief _Embalmer_, 188, 283.

—— his Business, 284.

_Sylla_ the _Dictator_, order’d his own _Corps_ to be burnt, that he
might not be ill treated by his Enemies, 50, 83.

T.

_Taricheutæ_, 254, 285.

Τάριχος, 293.

Ταριχεύειν, 254.

_Templi Hortus_, 17.

_Temple_ of _Belus_, 226.

_Teneriff_, the _Inhabitants_ Manner of _Sepulture_ and _Embalming_,
113.

_Thebais_, 127.

_Thebes_, 193.

Θεουργικὴ τέχνη, 171.

_Theology_ of the _Egyptians_, 238.

Θεραπεύω, its signification, 175.

_Thrum-stone_, 361.

_Thunder_ seldom heard in _Egypt_, 156.

_Time_ of carrying forth the _Corps_, 72.

_Tincar_, 261.

_Tobit_’s great Care in burying the Dead, 33.

_Toga_ us’d by the _Romans_ to cloath their Dead with, 65.

_Tombs_ erected for Horses, and honoured with _Epitaphs_, 30.

—— why dedicated _Diis Manibus_, 35.

_Tomb_ of a _Dog_ at _Rome_, 30.

—— of King _Amasis_, 321.

—— of a Cat, 31.

_Tombs_, their Use and Benefit, 98.

—— how adorn’d, and with what Inscriptions, 99.

—— how called, 99, 100.

—— why call’d _Tumulus_, 92, 99.

—— _inanis, seu Tumulus sine Corpore_, 97.

_Traitors_ deny’d _Burial_, 47, 48, 49.

V.

_Vespillones_, why so called, 73.

—— their Office, 74.

_Vestal Virgins_, how buried, 50.

_Vitellius_’s Body cut in pieces, and flung into the _Tyber_, 51.

_Unguentum Cedrinum_, 287.

_Undertakers_, 2, 177, 178, 179, 185.

ὙΠΌΓΕΙΟΝ, 96.

_Urns_ of _Glass_ found at _Nismes_, ib.

W.

_Wall_ built by _Sesostris_, 224.

_Washing_ a Corps, why used, 60.

—— why with warm Water, 59.

—— why with Salt, _ib._

_Water_ of _Nile_ very prolific, 236.

_Weeping_, if moderate, commendable, 79.

—— us’d by _Kings_ and _Patriarchs_, ib.

—— by our _Saviour_, 80.

—— allays Grief, 81.

_Wells_ of _embalmed_ Birds, 328.

A Virgin _Well_, 329.

_Wiek_ and _Oil_, both in a _Lamp_, 364.

_Winds_ which blow most in _Egypt_, 155.

_Winter_ in _Egypt_, 154.

_Workmen_, what Number imploy’d in building the first _Pyramid_, 319.

_Writings_ thought the best Monument, 116.

X.

_Xantippus_ buried his Dogs, 30.

Χυμεία, 183.

_Xylobalsamum_, 210.

Z.

_Zeilan_, Inhabitants their Manner of _Sepulture_, 113.

_FINIS._

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TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

1. The Table of Contents was added by transcriber. 2. Made corrections listed in the ERRATA. 3. Phænician was consistently used instead of Phœnician. 4. Changed “ἐυπραγεῖν” to “εὐπραγεῖν” in the Amico heading. 5. Changed “Ε ασατ’ ἠδη” to “Εασατ’ ἤδη”, Ὁθεν δ’ ἓκαστον” to “Ὅθεν δ’ ἕκαστον”, Ἐνταυθ’” to “Ἐνταῦθ’”, and “Ἡ μετερον” to “Ἡμετερον” on p. 6. 6. Changed “τόν” to “τὸν” on p. 9. 7. Changed “בית היימ” to “בית חיים” on p. 17. 8. Changed “Mænibus” to “Mœnibus” on p. 46. 9. Changed “insicerentur” to “inficerentur” on p. 89. 10. Changed “κρυπτω” to “κρύπτω” on p. 96. 11. Changed “ταφος” to “τάφος” and “περί” to “περὶ”on p. 97. 12. Changed “Synonimous” to “Synonymous” on p. 100. 13. Changed “Ἀιγύπτος” to “Αἰγύπτος” on p. 126. 14. Changed “out of the of midst” to “out of the midst” on p. 144. 15. Changed “Κατὰ δὲ την δὲ την χῶραν οὔτε τότε, ουτε ἄλλοτε, ἄνωθον ἐπί τάς ἄρούρας ὕδωρ ἐπίρῥεῖ” to “Κατὰ δὲ τὴν δὲ τὴν χώραν οὔτε τότε, οὔτε ἄλλοτε, ἄνωθεν ἐπὶ τὰς ἀρούρας ὕδωρ ἐπιῤῥεῖ” on p. 148. 16. Changed “θεουργική” to “θεουργικὴ” on p. 171. 17. Changed “ενταφίασταῖς” to “ἐνταφιασταῖς” on p. 172. 18. Changed “Ἑρμής” to “Ἑρμῆς” on p. 173. 19. Changed “τό” to “τὸ” on p. 174. 20. Changed “ἐπαοίδων ἐπαοίδίν” to “ἐπαείδων ἐπαοιδήν” on p. 176. 21. Changed “χρύσοῦ” to “χρυσοῦ” on p. 183. 22. Changed “eondem” to “eadem” on p. 183. 23. Changed “ostiosa” to “otiosa” on p. 183. 24. Changed “οργάνῶν καὶ κἀμίνων” to “ὀργάνων καὶ καμίνων” on p. 186. 25. Changed “Αλλάσσοντες” to “Ἀλλάσσοντες” on p. 187. 26. Changed “ἔργαστήριον” to “ἐργαστήριον” on p. 216. 27. Changed “ταριχος” to “τάριχος” on p. 239. 28. Changed “ταριχέυειν” to “ταριχεύειν” on p. 254. 29. Changed “Ἀφρός νιτρου” to “Ἀφρὸς νίτρου” and “Ἀφρονίτρον” to “Ἀφρόνιτρον” on p. 260. 30. Changed “Ἄφρο νίτρον” to “Ἀφρόνιτρον” on p. 262. 31. Changed “Ἀσβεστος” to “Ἄσβεστος” on p. 357. 32. Changed “Ἀσβεστον” to “Ἄσβεστον” on p. 358. 33. Changed “qnod” to “quod” on p. 358. 34. Changed “Bechira feu Bechiria” to “Bechira seu Bechiria” on the 2nd page of the TABLE. 35. Silently corrected typographical errors. 36. Retained anachronistic and non-standard spellings as printed. 37. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_. 38. Enclosed bold font in =equals=. 39. Superscripts are denoted by a caret before a single superscript character or a series of superscripted characters enclosed in curly braces, e.g. M^r. or M^{ister}. 40. Subscripts are denoted by an underscore before a series of subscripted characters enclosed in curly braces, e.g. H_{2}O.