Chapter II: Part 2

Their origin may, I think, be found in the Latin terms used in the ancient accounts of persons {107} officially employed by the crown to express transactions somewhat similar to those for which they appear to be now used. Persons conversant with those records must frequently have met with cases where money advanced, paid on account, or as earnest, was described as "de prestito" or "in prestitis." Ducange gives "præstare" and its derivatives as meaning "mutuo dare" with but little variation; but I think that too limited a sense. The practice of describing a document itself by the use of the material or operative parts expressing or defining the transaction for which it was employed, is very common. In legal and documentary proceedings, it is indeed the only one that is followed. Let D.V.S. run over and compare any of the well-known descriptions of writs, as _habeas corpus_, _mandamus_, _fi. fa._: or look into Cowell's _Interpreter_, or a law dictionary, and he will see numerous cases where terms now known as the names of certain documents are merely the operative parts of Latin _formulæ_. "Imprest" seems to be a slightly corrupted translation of "in prestito;" that part of the instrument being thus made to give its name to the whole. Of "debenture" I think there is little doubt that it may be similarly explained. Those Record Offices which possess the ancient accounts and vouchers of officers of the royal household contain numerous "debentures" of the thirteenth, but far more of the fourteenth, century. In this case the _initial_ is the chief operative word: those relating to the royal wardrobe, commencing "Debentur in garderoba domini regis," being in fact merely memorandums expressing or acknowledging that certain sums of money "are owing" for articles supplied for the use of that department. It is well known that the royal exchequer was, at the time these documents were executed, often in great straits; and it seems to me scarcely doubtful that these early "debentures" were actually delivered over to tradesmen, &c., as security for the amount due to them, and given in to be cancelled when the debts were discharged by the Exchequer officers.

There is a remarkable feature about these ancient "debentures" which I may perhaps be permitted to notice here, viz., the very beautiful seals of the officers of the royal household and wardrobe which are impressed upon them. They are of the somewhat rare description known as "appliqué;" and at a time when personal seals were at the highest state of artistic developement, those few seals of the clerks of the household which have escaped injury (to which they are particularly exposed) are unrivalled for their clearness of outline, design, delicacy, and beauty of execution.

Allowing for the changes produced by time, I think sufficient analogy may be found between the ancient and modern uses of the words "imprest" and "debenture."

J. BT.

"_Imprest_" (Vol. ii., p. 40).--D.V.S. will find an illustration of the early application of this word to advances made by the Treasury in the "Rotulus de _Prestito_" of 12 John, printed by the Record Commission under the careful editorship of Mr. T. Duffus Hardy, whose preface contains a clear definition of its object, and an account of other existing rolls of the same character.

EDWARD FOSS.

_Derivation of News._--P.C.S.S. has read with great interest the various observations on the derivation of the word "News" which have appeared in the "NOTES AND QUERIES," and especially those of the learned and ingenious Mr. Hickson. He ventures, however, with all respect, to differ from the opinion expressed by that gentleman in Vol. i., p. 81., to the effect that--

"In English, there is no process known by which a noun plural
can be formed from an adjective, without the previous formation
of the singular in the same sense."

P.C.S.S. would take the liberty of reminding Mr. H. of the following passage in the _Tempest_:--

"When that is gone,
He shall drink nought but brine, for I'll not show him
Where the quick freshes lie."

Surely, in this instance, the plural noun "freshes" is not formed from any such singular noun as "_fresh_," but directly from the adjective, which latter does not seem to have been ever used as a singular _noun_.

While on the subject of "News," P.C.S.S. finds in Pepys' _Diary_ (vol. iii. p. 59.) another application of the word, in the sense of a noun singular, which he does not remember to have seen noticed by others.

"Anon, the coach comes--in the meantime, there coming a _news_
thither, with his horse to come over."

In other parts of the _Diary_, the word _News-book_ is occasionally employed to signify what is now termed a newspaper, or, more properly, a bulletin. For instance (vol. iii. p. 29.), we find that--

"This _News-book_, upon Mr. Moore's showing L'Estrange Captain
Ferrers's letter, did do my Lord Sandwich great right as to the
late victory."

And again (at p. 51.):

"I met this noon with Dr. Barnett, who told me, and I find in
the _News-book_ this week, that he posted upon the 'Change,'"
&c. &c.

Much has been lately written in the "NOTES AND QUERIES" respecting the "Family of Love." A sect of a similar name existed here in 1641, and a full and not very decent description of their rites and orgies is to be found in a small pamphlet of that date, reprinted in the fourth volume (8vo. ed.) of the _Harleian Miscellany_.

P.C.S.S. {108}

_Origin of Adur_ (Vol. ii., p. 71.).--A, derived from the same root as Aqua and the French _Eau_, is a frequent component of the names of rivers: "A-dur, A-run, A-von, A-mon," the adjunct being supposed to express the individual characteristic of the stream. _A-dur_ would then mean the _river of oaks_, which its course from Horsham Forest through the Weald of Sussex, of which "oak is the weed," would sufficiently justify. It is called in ancient geography _Adurnus_, and is probably from the same root as the French _Adour_.

C.

The river Adur, which passes by Shoreham, is the same name as the Adour, a great river in the Western Pyrenees.

This coincidence seems to show that it is neither a Basque word, nor a Saxon. Whether it is a mere expansion of _ydwr_, the water, in Welch, I cannot pretend to say, but probably it includes it.

We have the Douro in Spain; and the Doire, or Doria, in Piedmont. Pompadour is clearly derived from the above French river, or some other of the same name.

C.B.

_Meaning of Steyne_ (Vol. ii., P. 71.).--Steyne is no doubt _stone_, and may have reference to the original name of Brighthelm-_stone_: but what the _stone_ or "steyne" was, I do not conjecture; but it lay or stood probably on that little flat valley now called the "Steyne." It is said that, so late as the time of Elizabeth, the town was encompassed by a high and strong _stone wall_; but that could have no influence on the name, which, whether derived from Bishop _Brighthelm_ or not, is assuredly of Saxon times. There is a small town not far distant called _Steyning, i.e._ the meadow of the stone. In my early days, the name was invariably pronounced Brighthamstone.

C.

_Sarum and Barum_ (Vol. ii., p. 21.).--As a conjecture, I would suggest the derivation of _Sarum_ may have been this. Salisbury was as frequently written Sarisbury. The contracted form of this was Sap., the ordinary import of which is the termination of the Latin genitive plural _rum_. Thus an imperfectly educated clerk would be apt to read _Sarum_ instead of Sarisburia; and the error would pass current, until one reading was accepted for right as much as the other. In other instances we adopt the Law Latin or Law French of mediæval times; as the county of _Oxon_ for Oxfordshire, _Salop_ for Shropshire, &c., and _Durham_ is generally supposed to be French (_Duresmm_), substituted for the Anglo-Saxon Dunholm, in Latin _Dunelmum_. I shall perhaps be adding a circumstance of which few readers will be aware, in remarking that the Bishops of Durham, down to the present day, take alternately the Latin and French signatures, _Duresm_ and _Dunelm_.

J.G.N.

"_Epigrams on the Universities_" (Vol. ii., p. 88.).--The following extract frown Hartshorne's _Book-rarities in the University of Cambridge_ will fully answer the Query of your Norwich correspondent.

After mentioning, the donation to that University, by George I., of the valuable library of Dr. Moore, Bishop of Ely, which his Majesty had purchased for 6,000 guineas, the author adds,--

"When George I. sent these books to the University, he sent at
the time a troop of horse to Oxford, which gave occasion to the
following well-known epigram from Dr. Trapp, smart in its way,
but not so clever as the answer from Sir William Browne:--

"The King, observing, with judicious eyes,
The state of both his Universities,
To one he sent a regiment; for why?
That learned body wanted loyalty:
To th' other he sent books, as well discerning
How much that loyal body wanted learning."

_The Answer._

"The King to Oxford sent his troop of horse,
For Tories hold no argument but force:
With equal care to Cambridge books he sent,
For Whigs allow no force but argument.

"The books were received Nov. 19, 20, &c., 1715."

G.A.S.

[J.J. DREDGE, V. (Belgravia), and many other correspondents,
have also kindly replied to this Query.]

_Dulcarnon_ (Vol. i., p. 254.)--_Urry_ says nothing, but quotes _Speght_, and _Skene_, and _Selden_.

"_Dulcarnon_," says Speght, "is a proposition in _Euclid_ (lib. i. theor. 33. prop. 47.), which was found out by Pythagoras after a whole years' study, and much beating of his brain; in thankfulness whereof he sacrificed an ox to the gods, which sacrifice he called Dulcarnon."

_Neckam_ derived it from _Dulia quasi sacrificium_ and _carnis_.

_Skene_ justly observes that the triumph itself cannot be the point; but the word might get associated with the problem, either considered before its solution, puzzling to _Pythagoras_, or the demonstration, still difficult to us,--a Pons Asinorum, like the 5th proposition.

Mr. _Selden_, in his preface to _Drayton's Polyolbion_, says,--

"I cannot but digresse to admonition of abuse which this learned
allusion, in his _Troilus_, by ignorance hath indured.

"'I am till God mee better mind send,
At _Dulcarnon_, right at my wit's end.'

It's not _Neckam_, or any else, that can make mee entertaine the
least thought of the signification of _Dulcarnon_ to be
_Pythagorus_ his sacrifice after his geometricall theorem in
finding the square of an orthogonall triangle's sides, or that
it is a word of _Latine_ deduction: but, indeed, by easier
pronunciation it was made of D'hulkarnyan[5], i.e. _two-horned_
which the _Mahometan Arabians_ {109} vie for a root in
calculation, meaning _Alexander_, as that great dictator of
knowledge, _Joseph Scaliger_ (with some ancients) wills, but, by
warranted opinion of my learned friend Mr. _Lydyat_, in his
_Emendatio Temporum_, it began in _Seleucus Nicanor_, XII yeares
after _Alexander's_ death. The name was applyed, either because
after time that _Alexander_ had persuaded himself to be _Jupiter
Hammon's_ sonne, whose statue was with _Ram's_ hornes, both his
owne and his successors' coins were stampt with horned images:
or else in respect of his II pillars erected in the East as a
_Nihil ultra_[6] of his conquest, and some say because hee had
in power the Easterne and Westerne World, signified in the two
hornes. But howsoever, it well fits the passage, either, as if
hee had personated _Creseide_ at the entrance of two wayes, not
knowing which to take; in like sense as that of _Prodicus_ his
_Hercules_, _Pythagoras_ his _Y._, or the Logicians _Dilemma_
expresse; or else, which is the truth of his conceit, that hee
was at a _nonplus_, as the interpretation in his next staffe
makes plaine. How many of noble _Chaucer's_ readers never so
much as suspect this his short essay of knowledge, transcending
the common Rode? And by his treatise of the _Astrolabe_ (which,
I dare sweare, was chiefly learned out of _Messahalah_) it is
plaine hee was much acquainted with the mathematiques, and
amongst their authors had it."

_D'Herbelot_ says:

"_Dhoul_ (or _Dhu_) _carnun_, _with the two horns_, is the
surname of _Alexander_, that is, of an ancient and fabulous
Alexander of the first dynasty of the Persians. 795. Article
Sedd, Tagioug and Magioug. 993. Article Khedher. 395. b. 335. b.
Fael.

"But 317. Escander, he says, Alexander the Great has the same
title secondarily. The truth probably is the reverse, that the
fabulous personage was taken from the real conqueror.

"_Hofmann_, in Seleucus, says that the area of Seleucus is
called Terik Dhylkarnain, i.e. Epocha Alexandri Cornigen. Tarik
means probably the date of an event."

There can be no doubt that the word in Chaucer is this Arabic word; nor, I think, that Speght's story is really taught by the Arabs, our teachers in mathematics. Whether the application is from Alexander, (they would know nothing of his date with regard to Pythagoras), or merely from two-horned, is doubtful. The latter might possibly mean the ox.

Mr. Halliwell gives a quotation from Stanyhurst, in which it means "dull persons"--an obvious misuse of it for Englishmen, and which Skene fortifies by an A.-S. derivation, but which is clearly not Cressida's meaning, or she would have said, "I _am_ Dulcarnon," not "I _am at_ Dulcarnon;" and so Mrs. Roper.

It may seem difficult what Pandarus can mean:

"Dulcarnon clepid is fleming of wretches,
It semith hard, for wretchis wol nought lere
For very slouthe, or othir wilfull tetches,
This said is by them that ben't worth two fetches,
But ye ben wise."

Whether he means that wretches call it _fleming_ or not, his argument is, "You are not a wretch." Speght's derivation seems to mean, "Quod stultos vertit." _Fleamas_, A.-S. (Lye), is _fuga_, _fugacio_, from _flean_, to flee. Pandarus, I think, does not mean to give the derivation of the word, but its application of fools, a stumbling-block, or puzzle.

C.B.

[Footnote 5: Speght gives it in English letters, but Selden in
Arabic.]

[Footnote 6: Christman, _Comment. in Alfragan_, cap. ii.
_Lysimachi_ Cornuum apud Cael. Rhodigin. _Antiq. lect._ 10. cap.
xii., hic genuina interpretatio.]

_Dr. Maginn._--The best account of this most talented but unfortunate man, is given in the _Dublin University Mag._, vol. xxiii. p. 72. A reprint of this article, with such additional particulars of his numerous and dispersed productions as might be supplied, would form a most acceptable volume.

F.R.A.

_America known to the Ancients._--To the list of authorities on this subject given in Vol. i., p. 342., I have the pleasure to add Father Laffiteau; Bossu[7], in his _Travels through Louisiana_; and though last, not least, Acosta, who in his _Naturall and Morall Historie of the East and West Indies_, translated by E.G. [Grimestone], 1604, 4to., devotes eighty-one pages to a review of the opinions of the ancients on the new world.

The similarity which has been observed to exist between the manners of several American nations, and those of some of the oldest nations on our continent, which seems to demonstrate that this country was not unknown in ancient times, has been traced by Nicholls, in the first part of his _Conference with a Theist_, in several particulars, viz. burning of the victim in sacrifices, numbering by tens, fighting with bows and arrows, their arts of spinning, weaving, &c. The arguments, multitudinous as they are, adduced by Adair for his hypothesis that the American Indians are descended from the Jews, serve to prove that the known or old world furnished the new one with men. To these may be added the coincidences noticed in "NOTES AND QUERIES;" burning the dead (Vol. i., p. 308.); the art of manufacturing glass (p. 341.); scalping (Vol. ii., p. 78.). Your correspondents will doubtless be able to point out other instances. Besides drinking out of the skulls of their enemies, recorded of the Scythians by Herodotus; and of the savages of Louisiana by Bossu; I beg to mention a remarkable one furnished by Catlin--the sufferings endured by the youths among the Mandans, when admitted into the rank of warriors, {110} reminding us of the probationary exercises which the priests of Mithras forced the candidates for initiation to undergo.

T.J.

[Footnote 7: Forster, the translator of this work, annihilates
the argument for the settlement of the Welsh derived from the
word "penguin" signifying "white head," by the fact of the bird
in question having a _black_, not a _white_ head!]

_Collar of SS._ (Vol. ii., p. 89.).--B. will find a great deal about these collars in some interesting papers in the Gentleman's Magazine for 1842, vols. xvii. and xviii., conmunicated by Mr. J.G. Nicholls; and in the Second Series of the Retrospective Review, vol. i. p. 302., and vol. ii. pp. 156. 514. 518. Allow me to add a Query: Who are the persons now privileged to wear these collars? and under what circumstances, and at what dates, was such privilege reduced to its present limitation?

[Greek: Phi.]

_Martello Towers_ (Vol. ii., p. 9.).--A misspelling for _Mortella_ towers. They are named after a tower which commands the entrance to the harbour of St. Fiorenzo, in Corsica; but they are common along the coasts of the Mediterranean. They were built along the low parts of the Sussex and Kent coasts, in consequence of the powerful defence made by Ensign Le Tellier at the Tower of Mortella, with a garrison of 38 men only, on 8th February, 1794, against an attack by sea, made by the _Fortitude_ and _Juno_, part of Lord Hood's fleet, and by land, made by a detachment of troops under Major-General Dundas. The two ships kept up a fire for two hours and a half without making any material impression, and then hauled out of gun-shot, the _Fortitude_ having lost 6 men killed and 56 wounded, 8 dangerously. The troops were disembarked, and took possession of a height comnanding the tower; and their battering was as unsuccessful, till a hot shot fell and set fire to the bass-junk, with which, to the depth of five feet, the immensely thick parapet wall was lined. This induced the small garrison, of whom two were mortally wounded, to surrender. The tower mounted only one 6 and two 18-pounders, and the carriage of one of the latter had been rendered unserviceable during the cannonade. (See James' _Naval History_, vol. i. p. 285.) The towers along the English coast extend from Hythe to Seaford, where the last tower is numbered 74, at intervals of about a quarter of a mile, except where the coast is protected by the cliffs. The tower at Seaford is 32 feet high, with a circumference of 136 feet at the base, and gradually tapering to 90 feet at the top. The wall is 6 feet thick at the top next the sea, and 2 feet on the land side. The cost of each tower was very large,--from 15,000l. to 20,000l. I am not aware of any blue book on the subject; blue books were not so much in vogue at the time of their erection, or perhaps a little less would have been spent in these erections, and a little more pains would have been taken to see that they were properly built. Some have been undermined by the sea and washed down already; in others, the facing of brick has crumbled away; and in all the fancied security which the original tower taught us to expect would be probably lessened were the English towers subjected to an attack.

WM. DURRANT COOPER.

"_A Frog he would a-wooing go_" (Vol. ii., p. 75.).--I know not whether this foolish ballad is worth the notice it has already received, but I can venture to say that the supposed Irish version is but a modern variance from the old ballad which I remember above sixty years, and which began--

"There was a frog lived in a well,
Heigho crowdie!
And a merry mouse in a mill,
With a howdie crowdie, &c. &c.
This frog he would a-wooing go,
Heigho crowdie!
Whether his mother would let him or no,
With a howdie crowdie," &c.

Of the rest of the ballad I only remember enough to be able to say that it had little or no resemblance to the version in your last Number.

C.

_William of Wykeham_ (Vol. ii., p. 89.).--1. I believe that there is no better life of this prelate than that by Bishop Lowth.

2. The public records published since he wrote give several further particulars of Wykeham's early career, but a proper notice of them would be too extended for your columns.

3. When W.H.C. recollects that New College, Oxford, the first of the works he names, was not commenced till 1380, and that Wykeham had then enjoyed the revenues of his rich bishopric for nearly fourteen years, and had previously been in possession of many valuable preferments, both lay and ecclesiastical, for fourteen years more, he will find his third question sufficiently answered, and cease to wonder at the accumulation of that wealth which was applied with wise and munificent liberality to such noble and useful objects.

I am not able to answer W.H.C.'s 4th and 5th questions.

[Greek: Phi.]

_Execution of Charles I._ (Vol. ii., p. 72.).--The late Mr. Rodd had collected several interesting papers on this subject; and from his well-known acquaintance with all matters relating to English history, they are no doubt valuable. Of course they exist. He offered them to the writer of this note, on condition that he would prosecute the inquiry. Other engagements prevented his availng himself of this liberal offer.

J.M.

Woburn Abbey.

_Swords_ (Vol. i., p. 415.).--Swords "ceased to be worn as an article of dress" through the influence of Beau Nash, and were consequently first out of fashion in Bath. "We wear no swords here," says Sir Lucius O'Trigger.

WEDSECUARF. {111}

_The Low Window_ (Vol. ii., p. 55.).--In Bibury Church, Gloucestershire, are several windows of unusual character; and in the chancel is a narrow, low window, called to this day "the Lepers' window," through which, it is concluded, the lepers who knelt outside the building witnessed the elevation of the host at the altar, as well as other functions discharged by the priest during the celebration of mass.

ROBERT SNOW.

_Brasichelli's Expurgatory Index_ (Vol. ii., p. 37.).--Although unable to reply to MR. SANSOM's Query, by pointing out any public library in which he can find the Ratisbon reprint of Brasichelli's _Expurgatory Index_, I beg to state that I possess it, the Bergomi reprint, and also the original, and that MR. SANSOM is perfectly welcome to a sight of either.

C.J. STEWART

11. King William Street, West Strand.

_Discursus Modestus_ (Vol. i., pp. 142, 205.)--Crakanthorp, in his _Defens. Eccl. Angl._, cap. vi. p. 27. (A.C.L. edition), refers to _Discur. Compen. de Jesuit. Angl._, p. 15., and quotes from it the words, "Omnia pro tempore, nihil pro veritate." Is this _Discur. Compen._ the _Discurs. Modest._? and are these words to be found in Watson's _Quodlibets_? This would fix the identity of the two books. It is curious that the only two references made by Bishop Andrews to the _Discurs. Modest._ (_Respons. ad Apol._, pp. 7. and 117.) are to page 13., and both the statements are found in page 81. of Watson. Crakanthorp, however (p. 532.), quotes both the works,--_Discurs. Modestus de Jesuit. Anglic._, and Watson.

From the many different Latin titles given to this book, it seems certain that it was originally written in English, and that the title was Latinized according to each person's fancy. There is no copy in the Lambeth library.

J.B.

_Melancthon's Epigram._--Melancthon, in the epigram translated by RUFUS (Vol. i., p. 422.), seems to have borrowed the idea, or, to use the more expressive term of your "Schoolboy", to leave cabbaged from Martial's epigram, terminating thus:--

"Non possunt nostros multæ Faustine lituræ,
Emendare jocos: una litura potest."

_Martial_, Book iv. 10.

NABOC.

* * * * *

MISCELLANEOUS

NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, &C.

Mr. Bohn has just published the second volume of his very useful and complete edition of _Junius' Letters_. It contains, in addition to a new essay on their authorship, entitled _The History and Discovery of Junius_, by the editor, Mr. Wade, the Private Letters of Junius addressed to Woodfall; the Letters of Junius to Wilkes; and the Miscellaneous Letters which have been attributed to the same powerful pen. Mr. Wade is satisfied that Sir Philip Francis was Junius; a theory of which it is said, "Se non e vero e ben trovato:" and, if he does not go the length of Sir F. Dwarris in regarding Sir P. Francis, not as the solitary champion, but the most active of the sturdy band of politicians whose views he advocated, he shows that he was known to and assisted by many influential members of his own political party. Some of the most curious points in the Junius history are illustrated by notes by Mr. Bohn himself, who, we have no doubt will find his edition of Junius among the most successful volumes of his Standard Library.

We have received the following Catalogues:--W.S. Lincoln's (Cheltenham House, Westminster Road) Fifty-eighth Catalogue of Cheap Books in various Departments of Literature; W. Straker's (3. Adelaide Street, West Strand) Catalogue No. 4. 1850, Theological Literature, Ancient and Modern; J.G. Bell's (10. Bedford Street, Covent Garden) Catalogue of Interesting and Valuable Autograph Letters and other Documents; John Miller's (43. Chandos Street) Catalogue No. 8. for 1850, of Books Old and New.

* * * * *

BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES

WANTED TO PURCHASE.

(_In continuation of Lists in former Nos._)

PULLEYNE'S ETYMOLOGICAL COMPENDIUM.

BARNABY GOOGE'S POPISH KINGDOM.

Odd Volumes

MILMAN'S EDITION OF GIBBON'S DECLINE AND FALL. Ed. 1838. Vols. 9, 10, 11, 12.

DUKE OF BEDFORD'S CORRESPONDENCE. Vols. 2 and 3.

ARNOLD'S HISTORY OF ROME. Vol. 3.

LE CLERC'S BIBLIOTHEQUE CHOISIE. Vol. 6.

AVELLANADA'S CONTINUATION OF DON QUIXOTE, translated by Barker, 12mo. 1760. Vol. 2.

TOUR THROUGH GREAT BRITAIN, 12mo. 1742. Vols. 1 and 2.

TRISTRAM SHANDY. Vols. 7, 8, 9, and 10.

Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_ to be sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher Of "NOTES AND QUERIES", 186. Fleet Street.

* * * * *

Notices to Correspondents.

P.M. _is referred to our_ 27th No., p. 445., _where he will learn that the supposed French original of "Not a Drum was heard" was a clever hoax from the ready pen of Father Prout. The date when_ P.M. _read the poem, and not the_ date it bore, _is a point necessary to be established to prove its existence "anterior to the supposed author of that beautiful poem"._

_Will the Correspondent who wished for Vol. 8. of Rushworth, furnish his name and address, as a copy has been reported._

VOLUME THE FIRST OR NOTES AND QUERIES, _with Title-page and very copious Index, is now ready, price 9s. 6d., bound in cloth, and may be had, by order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen._

Errata. In No. 34., p. 63., in reply to Delta, for "MRRIS," read "MARRIS"; and for "MRIE" read "MARIE." No. 36., P. 83., l. 40., for "prohibens" read "prohiben_te_".

* * * * * {112}

MILLER'S CATALOGUE OF BOOKS

FOR JULY. Gratis as usual. Contains works on Archæology, Antiquities, Botany, Coins, Chess, Freemasonry, Geology and Mineralogy, Heraldry, Irish Topography, Old Plays, Phrenology, Theatres, and Dramatic History, Wales, its History, &c., with an extensive assortment of Books in other departments of Literature, equally scarce, curious, and interesting.

JOHN MILLER, 43. Chandos Street.

* * * * *

Second Edition, cloth 1s.

EASTERN CHURCHES. By the author of "Proposals for Christian Union." "This is a very careful compilation of the latest information of the faith and condition of the various churches of Christ scattered through the East."--_Britannia._ "The book is cheap, but it contains a good deal of matter, and appears a labour of duty."--_Spectator._ "A brief, yet full and correct, and withal a most agreeably written account, of the different Eastern Churches."--_Nottingham Journal._

JAMES DARLING, Great Queen-street, Lincoln's Inn Fields.

* * * * *

Preparing for publication, in 2 vols. small 8vo.

THE FOLK-LORE of ENGLAND. By William J. Thoms, F.S.A., Secretary of the Camden Society, Editor of "Early Prose Romances," "Lays and Legends of all Nations," &c. One object of the present work is to furnish new contributions to the History of our National Folk-Lore; and especially some of the more striking Illustrations of the subject to be found in the Writings of Jacob Grimm and other Continental Antiquaries.

Communications of inedited Legends, Notices of remarkable Customs and Popular Observances, Rhyming Charms, &c. are earnestly solicited, and will be thankfully acknowledged by the Editor. They may be addressed to the care of Mr. BELL, Office of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.

* * * * *

Vols. I. and II. 8vo., price 28s. cloth.

THE JUDGES OF ENGLAND; from the TIME of the CONQUEST. By EDWARD FOSS, F.S.A. "A work in which a subject of great historical importance is treated with the care, diligence, and learning it deserves; in which Mr. Foss has brought to light many points previously unknown, corrected many errors, and shown such ample knowledge of his subject as to conduct it successfully through all the intricacies of a difficult investigation, and such taste and judgement as will enable him to quit, when occasion requires, the dry details of a professional inquiry, and to impart to his work, as he proceeds, the grace and dignity of a philosophical history."--_Gent. Mag._

London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS.

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THE PRIMÆVAL ANTIQUITIES OF ENGLAND ILLUSTRATED BY THOSE OF DENMARK.

THE PRIMÆVAL ANTIQUITIES OF DENMARK. By J.J.A. WORSAAE, Member of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Copenhagen. Translated and applied to the illustration of similar Remains in England, by WILLIAM J. THOMS, F.S.A., Secretary of the Camden Society. With numerous Woodcuts. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

"The best antiquarian handbook we have ever met with--so clear is its arrangement, and so well and so plainly is each subject illustrated by well executed engravings.... It is the joint production of two men who have already distinguished themselves as authors and antiquarians."-- _Morning Herald._

"A book of remarkable interest and ability.... Mr. Worsaae's book is in all ways a valuable addition to our literature.... Mr. Thoms has executed the translation in flowing and idiomatic English, and has appended many curious and interesting notes and observations of his own."--_Guardian._

"The work, which we desire to commend to the attention of our readers, is signally interesting to the British antiquary. Highly interesting and important work."--_Archæological Journal._

See also the _Gentleman's Magazine_ for February 1850.

Oxford: JOHN HENRY PARKER, and 337. Strand, London.

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REV. WILLIAM MASKELL's LIBRARY.

Shortly will be published,

A CATALOGUE OF ENGLISH AND FOREIGN THEOLOGY; including some of the rarest productions of our early English Divines, and embracing the various controversies between the Puritans and the Churches of Rome and England, the works of the Nonjurors, the best Liturgical Commentators, Ecclesiastical Historians, Fathers of the Church, Schoolmen, Councils, &c, many of them of extreme rarity, and forming the Library of the Rev. William Maskell, late Vicar of St. Mary Church, Torquay, together with other recent purchases, now on Sale by J. LESLIE, 58. Great Queen-street, Lincoln's Inn.

N.B.--Gentlemen desirous of receiving this Catalogue are respectfully requested to forward their names to the Publisher, with twelve postage stamps to pre-pay the same.

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Now ready, containing 149 Plates, royal 8vo. 28s.; folio, 2l. 5s.; India Paper, 4l. 4s.

The MONUMENTAL BRASSES of ENGLAND: a series of Engravings upon Wood, from every variety of these interesting and valuable Memorials, accompanied with Descriptive Notices.

By the Rev. C. BOUTELI. M.A. Rector of Downham Market.

Part XII., completing the work, price 7s. 6d.; folio, 12s.; India paper, 24s.

By the same Author, royal 8vo., 15s.; large paper, 21s.

MONUMENTAL BRASSES and SLABS: an Historical and Descriptive Notice of the Incised Monumental Memorials of the Middle Ages. With upwards of 200 Engravings.

"A handsome large octavo volume, abundantly supplied with well-engraved woodcuts and lithographic plates; a sort of Encyclopædia for ready reference.... The whole work has a look of painstaking completeness highly commendable."--_Athenæum._

"One of the most beautifully got up and interesting volumes we have seen for a long time. It gives, in the compass of one volume, an account of the history of these beautiful monuments of former days.... The illustrations are extremely well chosen."--_English Churchman._

A few copies only of this work remain for sale; and, as it will not be reprinted in the same form and at the same price, the remaining copies are raised in price. Early application for the Large Paper Edition is necessary.

By the same Author, to be completed in Four Parts,

CHRISTIAN MONUMENTS in ENGLAND and WALES: an Historical and Descriptive Sketch of the various classes of Monumental Memorials which have been in use in this country from about the time of the Norman Conquest. Profusely illustrated with Wood Engravings. Part I. price 7s. 6d.; Part II. 2s. 6d.

"A well conceived and executed work."--_Ecclesiologist._

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Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, July 13. 1850.