Chapter XVI: Part 16

Palermo, behaviour of Normans in, 137; metropolis of Saracens, 138; its percentage of homicides, 276.

Pallagorio, village, 315.

Palmi, its oil-industry, 241.

Pandosia, ancient city, 196, 197.

Paoli, Monsieur, 27.

Paracorio, village, 245.

“Paradise Lost,” its presumable prototypes, 160; derived from Salandra’s work, 161 _seq._

Parafante, brigand, 241.

Parenti, village, 211.

Parisio, P., 197.

Parrino, D. A., 139.

Pascale, V., 284.

Patir (Patirion), monastery, in, 113-116, 186.

Patriarchalism, its break-up in South Italy, 48 _seq.;_ makes for inefficiency, 226; shattered by judiciary abuses, 275, 279. See _Peasantry._

Patrick, saint, 262.

Paul, saint, invoked against poisonous beasts, 138.

Paulinus, bishop, 151, 247.

Peasantry, oppressed by taxes, 35; their virtues and vices, 47; break-up of patriarchal habits, 48, 53; their anthropomorphic language, 50; defective colour-sense, 51-52; their system of nicknames, 54-56; degeneration in culture and modern revival, 57, 58, 97; their destructive avarice, 218. See _Emigration._

_Pecorara,_ a rustic dance, 152.

Pelasgic language and race, 187, 189, 191.

Pelicaro, district, 97.

Pellegrini, A., 272.

Penal code of Italy, need for its revision, 276, 278, 279.

Pentedattilo, mountain, 272.

Pepe, G., 298.

Pericles, 152.

Perrey, G., 294.

Persius Flaccus, 284.

Petelia. See _Strongoli._

Petelia Policastro, town, 184.

Peter, saint, baptizes natives, 29, 282; legend of, 60.

Petronius, 302.

Pettinascura, mountain, 204, 220.

Peutinger’s Tables, no, 281.

Phædrus, 322.

Phallic cult at Venosa, 40.

Pharmacy-club, how to secure membership, 106.

Pheasants, 96.

Philo Judseus, 251.

Physical conditions affecting race-character, 90, 126.

Piano di Carmelia, upland, 269.

Piedigrotta, festival, 52.

Piè d’ Impisa, mountain, 272.

Pietra-Sasso, a landmark, 148.

Pigs, in streets, 128, 206, 207; their food, 173; can detect werewolves, 176.

Pilgrims, at Lucera, 4; at Sant’ Angelo, 18; their specific odour and capacity for mischief, 19; foul appearance, 27; a debased Christianity, 28; behaviour at Venosa, 40.

Pines, absent in Pollino forests, 146; the Calabrian variety, 196, 204; of Aleppo, 285.

Pious legends, their drawback, 262.

Piracy. See _Corsairs_ and _Saracens._

Pitch, the Bruttian, 204, 285, 286.

Pitrè, G., 300.

Platitudes, Italian and English love of, 14.

Plato, _quoted,_ 116; his cloudy philosophy, 311; food for adolescents, 312.

Pleasure, danger of repressing, 153.

Pliny the Elder, 80, 281, 284, 285, 307.

Pococke, R., 121.

Poets, why deficient in humour, 58.

Policoro, forest, 95 _seq.;_ its game, 96; eucalyptus avenue, 97; buffaloes, 99.

Polistena, town, 234.

Pollino, mountain,, 108; derivation of the name, 142; the peak, 143-145; terminates Apennines, 145; its forests, 145-148.

Polybius, 80.

Pompeio, fountain, 196.

Pontanus, humanist, 18.

Ponza, island, 276.

Pope, A., prince of snobs, 127.

Porcupine, approaching extinction, 184.

Potenza, 32.

Potteries of Grottaglie, 78; of Taranto, 92; of Corigliano, 173.

Pratilii, F. M., 143.

Praxiteles, 286.

Preconi, H., 78.

Prehistoric stations in South Italy, 119; weapons, 3, 119, 179, 224.

Priests, parasitic on families, 4; their attitude towards superstitions, 59; their acquisitiveness, 60; a decayed profession, 60, 154; fight on side of brigands, 215; connaisseurs of wine, 3O7-

Privacy, lack of feeling for, 66.

Procida, John of, 8.

Proclus, 285.

Procopius, 109.

Properties, large, their break-up, 96; synonymous with malaria, 289.

Propertius, 80.

Ptolemy, 281.

Public opinion, non-existent, 277.

Puccini, archbishop, recommends fetishism, 26.

Pythagoras, 282; explanation of his popularity, 309; a glorified marabout, 311.

Quinine-policy, governmental. See _Malaria._

Race-characters, delusion as to their immutability, 91, 126. Rada, G. de, Albanian prophet, 187; his mystic tendencies, 189; patriotic labours, 190 _seq.;_ his death, 192.

Ragona, village, 292.

Railway stations in Italy, 117, 118.

Rainfall, diminution in, 217, 241, 285, 306.

Rath, G. von, 287.

Rathgeber, G., 175.

Rationalist Congress of 1904, leads to counter-demonstration, 32, 269.

Reggio, 135, 137; effects of earthquake, 234, 236; its cemetery, 235.

Regio, P., 256.

Relics, sacred, 208, 247, 251, 263.

Religion in south Italy, its intense realism, 60; contrasted with English, 265.

Renaissance, injures angelic shapes, 25; produces historical panegyrists, 142; falsifies place-names, 196; imports Pythagoras and Plato, 311.

Rhaetia, its dragons, 104.

Rhetoric, perverts course of justice, 276, 277.

Rhodiginus (Richerius, L. C.), 197.

Ricca, brigand, 211.

Riccardi, A., 155.

Riedesel, J. H., 298.

Rivarol, J. E. A., 212.

Rivers in Calabria, their destructive floods, 99, 197, 286; their numbers, 286; once navigable, 174, 284; arteries of malaria, 286.

Rizzi-Zannone, G. A., 97.

Rizzo, an amiable priest, 109.

Rizzuto, cape, 318.

Robinias, why beloved of municipalities, 83.

Rocca Bernarda, town, 117.

Roccaforte, village, 271, 272.

Rocchetta, station, 31.

Rocella Ionica, town, 274, 286.

Rodotà, P. P., 177, 273.

Roghudi, village, 271, 272.

Rogliano, town, 195, 211.

Romans, their lack of imagination, 32; their _pittas,_ 33; pacification of wild nature, 42; marble-cutting technique, 92; their republican stoicism, 126.

Romanticists, their feeling for nature, 42.

Roque, saint, 39.

Rosalia, saint, 247.

Rosarno, town, 241.

Roscia (Rossano), no.

Rosis, de, no.

Ross, Sir R., 287, 290.

Rossano, accommodation at, 105-108; character of inhabitants, 109; its situation, no; importance under Byzantines, 111.

Rossi, D. A., 69, 71, 74, 77.

Rouse, Dr. W. H. D., 152.

Ruffo, cardinal, 64, 212, 215, 298.

_Rusalet,_ a dance, 178.

Ruscianum (Rossano), 110.

Ruskin, J., 90.

Russell, Lord Odo, 120.

Rutilius Namatianus, 27.

Sagra, river. See _Alaro._

Saints, their pathological symptoms, 74; unavoidable lack of originality, 75, 253; male type replaced by females, 247-251; their baroque period, 253-257; manufactured by monks and confessors, 258, 267; mutilated after death, 263; their Bourbon period, 260 _seq._

Salandra, S. della, his “Adamo Caduto” inspires ”Paradise Lost,” 160 _seq._

Salis Marschlins, U. von, 67, 271.

San Benedetto Ullano, town, 183.

Sanchez, G., 78, 102.

San Cosimo, village, 180.

San Demetrio Corone, its dirty streets, 181; Albanian church, 182; college for boys, 183-185; convent of Sant’ Adriano, 185.

Sandys, G., 121.

San Floro, M., 217.

San Francesco, convent, 77.

San Gervasio, old church and fountain at, 43; fountains identified with _Fons Bandusiae,_ 43-46.

San Giorgio (Apulia), 65.

San Giorgio (Calabria), 176, 180.

San Giovanni in Fiore, 195, 203; its women, 205; unhygienic conditions, 206.

San Nicola, village, 292.

_Sanpaulari,_ snake-killers, 138.

San Severo, town, 6.

San Severino, village, 147, 155

Sant’ Adriano, convent, 185-186.

Sant’ Angelo and its shrine, 17; modern worshippers in the cave, 19, 27-28.

Santa Barbara, upland, 204.

Sant’ Eufemia, village, 240, 243.

Santa Sofia d’ Epiro, village, 180.

Santo Stefano, village, 222, 271.

Santo Stefano, island, 240.

Sappho, 116.

Saracena, village, 131.

Saraceno, mountain, 20.

_“_Saraceno,” term of abuse, 138.

Saracens, at Lucera, 3; at Gargano, 20; their “black” colour, 52, 130; at Morano, 130; Saracenic survivals, 134, 138; raids into south Italy, 135, 137; their benefits, 136; excesses, 137; contradistinguished from Corsairs, 138.

Sarmento, river, 148.

Sarnelli, P., 29.

Saserna, 285.

Savastano, L., 49.

Savelli, village, 179, 205, 207, 293.

Savonarola, author. See _Lasor a Varea._

Savonarola, monk, 309.

Scanderbeg, 65, 176.

Scarolla, brigand, 144.

“Scemo” (soft-witted), the unforgivable sin, 107, 124.

Scheuchzer, J. J., 104.

Schneegans, A., 228.

Schulz, H. W., 39, 202.

Scido, village, 270.

Scilatio, 281.

Scirocco, south wind, its effect upon landscape, io; on character, 90.

Sculco, Dr., 297.

Scylla, 240.

“Sdrago,” the dragon, 104.

Sebethus, river, 80.

“Seicentismo,” blight of south Italy, 252.

Selva Umbra, forest, 21.

Semi-starvation, demoralizing effects of, 41.

Seneca, 251.

Serpents, assimilated with dragons, 100; our early hatred of, 105.

Serra San Bruno, 293, 295.

Servius, 281.

Sheep, and wolves, 221.

Shem, son of Noah, 29.

Shepherds, of Sila, 221; of Cotrone, 301; their kissing propensities, 315.

Sicily, under Saracens, 136; under Normans, 137.

Sigilgaita, 38.

Sila, mountain plateau, its three divisions, 195; the “Greek” Sila, 176; Greater Sila, its landscape, 204; Bruttian inhabitants, 208; compared with Scotland, 219; vegetation, 220; the Lesser Sila, 223.

Silenziario, P., 91.

Silver mines, of Longobucco, 202.

Sin, an export-article, 256.

Sinno, river, 95, 99, 149, 286.

Sinopoli, 240, 243, 244.

Sipontum, its famous church, 29; wholly desolate, 30.

Sirens, as fountain ornaments, 45.

Sirino, mountain, 151.

Siris, ancient city, 95.

Sixtus V, 213, 215.

Slavery, 139.

Snakes, their colour, 52; medicinal uses, 57; destroyed with spittle, 138.

Socialism in Italy, 96.

Soria, F. A., 143.

South Italy, its recent revival, 91, 298.

Soverato, town, 295.

Spanish Viceroys, blighting effects of their rule, 57, 252, 253; enactments against Barbary pirates, 139; conservators of forests, 218.

Spano-Bolani, D., 134.

Spartacus, 214.

Spezzano Albanese, town, 172-174.

Spinazzola, town, 62-64.

Spinelli’s chronicle, a forgery, 3.

Spleen, importance of this organ, 152, 307.

Squillace, town, 135, 295.

Stagno Salso, lake, 21.

Staiti, town, 272. Stamer, W. J. A., 50.

Statius, 80.

Stendhal, _quoted,_ 125, 276.

Stilo, town, in, 292.

Stoics, victims of misfeeding, 126.

Stomach-diseases, prevalence of, 126.

“Stone of Saint Michael,” a fraudulent article, 23, 26.

Strabo, 23, 80, 87, 197, 204, 283, 284.

Strongoli (Petelia), 224, 314, 316.

Sturgeon, caught at Cotrone, 320.

Sugar-cane, formerly cultivated, 136.

Suicides look manly, 84.

Sulphur mines, 315.

Summonte, G. A., 140.

Swammerdam, J., 105.

Swedenborg, E., 310.

Swinburne, A., 116.

Swinburne, H., 78, 115, 319.

Sybaris, 89, 108, 195; its buried wealth, 115; destruction of, 175, 196, 311; presumably malarious of old, 115, 282-283.

Sybaris, river. See _Coscile._

Sybarites, contrasted with Byzantine monks, 115.

Symonds, J. A., 115.

Tajani, F., 177.

Talarico, brigand, 214.

Tarantolla, dance, 93.

Taranto, the arsenal quarter, 65-67; its octroi impositions, 66, 90; old town, 67; inland sea, 68, 80, 90; fishermen and barbers, 81; love-making on the Corso, 84; its slumberous inhabitants, 87-90; museum and public library, 88, 89; marbles on the beach, 91.

Tarsia (Caprasia), village, 174, 194; its malaria, 287.

Tassulo, Pilati de, 183, 228.

Taverna, town, 223.

Temese, ore of, 202.

Temples, destruction of, 136, 137. .

Tenore, M., 146.

Termula (Termoli), 137.

Terracciano, N., 145.

Terranova di Pollino, 143, 148.

Terranova di Sibari (Thurii), 175, 282, 283.

Theatine monks, 113.

Theocritus, 8i, 269, 285, 301, 314; his human appeal, 315.

Theodoret, bishop, _quoted,_ 152.

Theophrastus, 285.

Third sex, its significance, 116, 257.

“Thirsty Apulia,” origin of the phrase, 15.

Thucydides, 284, 298.

Thurii. See _Terranova ài Sibari._

Timber construction replaced by stone, 12.

Tiriolo, town, 225-226.

Tischbein, J. H. W., 319.

Toledo, Pietro di, 252-253.

Tolù, brigand, 211.

Toppi, N., 144, 162.

Torrent-beds, their charm, 292.

Tortoises, used as medicine, 57.

Tozer, H. F., 104.

Traeis, river. See _Trionto._

Treasure, buried at Lucera, 8, 9.

Trede, T., 258.

Tree-planting, discouraged in cities, 65, 66.

Tree-torturing, a southern trait, 83.

Tremiti islands, n.

Trinità, abbey at Venosa, 37-40.

Trinità, column at Taranto, 67.

Trinity, southern conception of, 250.

Trionto (? Traeis), river, 195-200.

Troia, town, 6.

Tromby, B., 294.

Trotter, Prof. A., 223.

Troubadours, their idea of nature, 42.

Truthfulness, a modern virtue, 266.

Tufarelli, G. L., 128, 131, 144.

“Turco,” colour known as, 52.

Tutini, C., 294.

Ughelli, F., 43, 45, 114.

Ulpian, 53.

“Ultramontain,” author, 53.

Urban VIII, 72, 110, 262.

Uromastix lizard, 101.

Uruj, pirate, 140.

Utilitarianism in south Italy, 43, 57, 126, 218.

Vaccarizza, village, 174, 176, 179, 180, 184, 224.

Varrò, 80.

Vatican, authorizes cruelty to animals, 120; attitude towards Byzantinism, 248.

Velasquez, 140.

Venosa, survival of Roman blood and habits, 32; its rustic dirt, 33; castle, 37; abbey of Trinità, 37-40; catacombs, 38; bad food, 41.

Venus, gives name to Venosa, 33; marble head of, 92.

Verace, watershed, 195, 196, 204.

_Verde antico,_ marble, 91.

Vespoli, G. F., 298.

Viceregal period. See _Spanish Viceroys._

Vieste, village, 7, 21.

Viggianello, village, 157.

Vigilantius of Marseilles, 153.

Villa Beaumont, Taranto, 83.

Villari, P., 191.

_Vincolo forestale,_ its provisions disregarded, 218.

Virgil, 42, 46, 80, 284, 285.

“Virtù,” retains antique meaning, 53.

Vitiello, night-quarters at, 149-150.

Vito, saint, struggles with Madonna, 92.

Voltaire, 76, 170, 262.

Votive offerings, 152.

Vulture _(Gyps fulvus),_ 184.

Vulture, mountain, 2, 13, 21, 32, 41.

Vulturnus wind, 41, 53.

Wagner, J. J., 104.

Waiblinger, F. W., 141.

Waldensian colonies, 122.

Waldstein, Sir C., 115.

Wantley, dragon of, 102.

Wedding, an Albanian, 182.

Wedding-present, a civilized, 89.

Werewolves, 176.

Wine, of Sant’ Angelo, 22; Venosa, 41; Bova, 273; of Calabria, 306-307.

Witchcraft, 58.

Wolves, at Pollino, 149; in Sila, 220-222; at Cotrone, 318. Women, of San Giovanni, 205; respected among non-Hellenic races, 208; superstitions regarding, 209; of coast-towns, 299.

Wood-pigeon, 269.

Xenocrates, _quoted,_ 252.

Yoni-worship, at Venosa, 40.

Zavarroni, A., 93, 183.

Zicari, F., his literary record, 161; on “Paradise Lost,” 161-168.

“Zodiaco di Maria,” exemplifies Catholic paganism, 259.

Zoophilomania, an English disease, 120.