Chapter M

Femur, total length .420
Femur, transverse diameter at distal end ·098
Tibia, length ·310
Tibia, transverse diameter, proximal articular face ·090
Tibia, transverse diameter, distal articular face ·077

The _pelvis_ is described from the right and left ilia, which are broken as they expand towards the crest; the acetabulum is fragmentary, but all the parts remain. The ischium and pubis are only represented by fragments. As figured in Plate V., the acetabulum is restored from a somewhat smaller specimen. The most striking feature of the _ilium_ is the long and somewhat constricted neck. The acetabular border is long and curved forward, thinning gradually as it approaches the crest; and marked on the iliac surface, near the acetabulum, by a slight rugosity for the rectus muscle.

The ischial border, while less arched, is probably longer; and the sacral surface, distinctly defined, indicates that the rounded upper border of the ilium rarely reached above the sacral spines. There is a deep groove between the ischial and pubic borders, the latter disappearing about half way up the iliac surface. The gluteal surface near the acetabulum is much depressed; above it expands into a broad, flat, thin plate.

The _ischium_ has a stout neck and thick expansion below; the upper border is very heavy. From what remains of the _ischium_ and _pubis_ we can infer a large elliptical obturator foramen, a short pubic symphysis, a narrow and rather slight pubis, with a small nearly cylindrical neck. The acetabulum is deep, with a thick well-raised border, and a large, oblong, and very deep pit for the ligamentum teres.

_Measurements of Pelvis._

M.
Ilium, transverse diameter above acetabulum ·062
Ilium, long diameter (estimated) ·232
Acetabulum, greatest diameter ·050
Ischium, transverse diameter below acetabulum ·041
Pubis, diameter at obturator foramen ·035

The _tarsus_ is arranged in the usual Perissodactyle order. The _calcaneum_ is stout, of good length, tuberous, but not expanding much at the extremity; presenting two faces for the astragalus, of which the internal is the largest, and a large distal face for the cuboid. The _astragalus_ is wide, with less asymmetry in the two articular facets than is common. It articulates with both the cuboid and navicular.

_Measurements of Tarsus._