Chapter XX: Appendix: B. Containing (arranged According to the Tribes and Regions of

AFRICA) THE AFRICAN WORDS COMPARED IN APPENDIX A, WITH THE CORRESPONDING TERMS IN THE LANGUAGES OF ASIA, EUROPE, AND AMERICA.

AFRICAN WORDS GEOGRAPHICALLY ARRANGED.

Fire, Sun, Day, Eye, Moon, Heaven.

NORTH AFRICA.

_Egypt._—“Fire,” Chrom, Grom, Krom, Kōh-th, from Koe, “To burn.” “Sun,” Ra, Re. “Names of the Gods of the Sun,” Khem, Hor, Serapis, Osiri. “Day,” Haou, Eoohu,—(connected with “Glory,” Joh, Ooh, Oih, and “Moon,” Oou, “Lunus,” Joh.) “Eye,” Iri, Bal. “Moon,” Joh, Oou. “Heaven,” Pe, Phe, _plural_ “Heaven-s,” Neth-phe,(209) Ne-pheou. “Name of the Goddess of the Heavens, or Firmament,” Net-phe.

_Nubia and Abyssinia._—“Fire,” Haúÿ (_Abyss._); Ton-ih, (_Nub._) “Sun,” Tuahhéy (_Abyss._); Tôin, (_Nub._) “Day,” Máaltih (_Abyss._); Wúrabe, (_Nub._) “Eye,” Aineha (_Abyss._); Aina addela, Egôat, (_Nub._) “Moon,” Wúrrhÿ (_Abyss._); Totrig, (_Nub._) “Heaven,” Szemmeÿ (_Abyss._); Tébre, (_Nub._)

_Berbers and Dongolans._—“Fire,” Îka (_Ber._); Îk, (_Don._) “Sun,” Maschékka (_Ber._); Masilk, (_Don._) “Day,” Ogrêska (_Ber._); Ogrêska, (_Don._) “Eye,” Manga (_Ber._); Missigh, (_Don._) “Moon,” O’natejá. (_Ber._); Scharâppa, (_Don._) “Heaven,” Szèmma (_Ber._); Szémma, (_Don._)

_Phellatahs and Fulahs._—“Fire,” Njite (_Phel._); Gia-hingol, (_Ful._) “Sun,” Nonge (_Phel._); Nahangue, (_Ful._) “Day,” Njellauma, (_Phel._) “Eye,” Gîteh (_Phel._); Hyterr, (_Ful._) “Moon,” Liulú (_Phel._); Leoure, (_Ful._) “Heaven,” Szemma (_Phel._); Hyalla, (_Ful._)

NEGRO-LAND.

_Jolofs and Sereres._—“Fire,” Safara, (_Jol._) “Sun,” Ghiante-finkan, Guiante, Burhum safara (_Jol._); Fosseye, (_Ser._) “Day,” Lelegh, Huer, Beuhuli, (_Jol._) “Eye,” Smabutt, Batte, Guitte, (_Jol._) “Moon,” Uhaaire, Verr, Burhum safara lionn (_Jol._); Coll, (_Ser._) “Heaven,” Assaman, Assamane (_Jol._); Rogue, (_Ser._)

_Mandingoes._—“Fire,” Deemwa. “Sun,” and also “Day,” Teelee. “Day,” Teelee. “Eye,” Neay. “Moon,” Korro, Pandintee. “Heaven,” Santo.

_Jalunkan and Sokko._—“Sun,” Telle (_Jal._); Tillee, (_Sok._) “Moon,” Karree (_Jal._); Kalla, (_Sok._) “Heaven,” Margetangala (_Jal._); Bandee, (_Sok._)

_Kanga, Mangree, and Gien._—“Sun,” Jiro (_Kan._); Lataa (_Man._); Jinaa, (_Gien._) “Moon,” Tjo (_Kan._); Su, (_Gien._)

_Fetu, Fanti; and Gold Coast._—“Fire,” Edjà, (_Fetu._) “Sun,” Egwju (_Fetu._); Uwia, (_G. Coast._) “Day,” Ada, (_Fetu._) “Eye,” Enniba, (_Fetu._); Eniba, (_G. Coast._) “Moon,” Osran (_Fetu_); Assara (_G. Coast._) “Heaven,”(210) Araiáni (_Fetu_); Njame, (_Fanti._)

_Amina, Akkim, and Akripon._—“Sun,” Eiwiaa (_Am._); Awia (_Ak._); Ou, (_Akr._) “Moon,” Osseram (_Am._); Osseranni (_Ak._); Ofendi, (_Akr._) “Heaven,” Jankombum (_Am._); Jahinee (_Ak._); Aduankam, (_Akr._)

_Akrai and Tambi._—“Fire,” La, (_Ak._) “Sun,” Hun (_Ak._); Pum, (_Tam._) “Eye,” Hinma, (_Ak._) “Moon,” Dubliman (_Ak._); Horambi, (_Tam._) “Heaven,” Jankombum (_Ak._); Nguai (_Ak._); Ngoi [which means also, “Thunder in the Air,”] (_Ak._); Giom, (_Tam._)

_Widah, Papah, and Watje._—“Sun,” Wetaga (_Pap._); Uä, (_Wat._) “Eye,” Noucou [_plural_], (_Wid._) “Moon,” Su-ede, (_Pap._) “Heaven,” Jiwel, (_Pap._)

_Kongo and Angola._—“Fire,” Tubhia (_Kon._); Tubia (_Kon. & Ang._); Bazou, (_Kon._) “Sun,” N’tzai, Tangu, (_Kon._) “Moon,” Gonde, Gonda, (_Kon._) “Heaven,” Sullu (_Kon._); Ulu, (_Ang._)

_Loango, Mandongo, and Camba._—“Fire,” Bazu, (_Lo._) “Sun,” Tangoa (_Lo._); Attaschi (_Man._); Tango, (_Cam._) “Moon,” Gonda (_Lo._); Agonne (_Man._); Gonda, (_Cam._) “Heaven,” Iru (_Lo._); Sambiam-pungo (_Man._); Julo, (_Cam._)

_Karabari, Ibo, and Mokko._—“Sun,” Anjam (_Ka._); A-un, Anjau (_Ibo_); Eju, (_Mok._) “Moon,” Omma (_Ka._); Ongma, Aoueh (_Ibo_); Affiam, (_Mok._) “Heaven,” Elukwee (_Ka._); Tschukko, Ellu (_Ibo_); Ibanju, (_Mok._)

_Wawu and Tembu._—“Sun,” Jirri (_Wa._); Wis, (_Tem._) “Moon,” Mone (_Wa._); Igodu, (_Tem._) “Heaven,” Barriadad (_Wa._); So, (_Tem._)

_Krepeers, Ashantees, and Kassenti._—“Fire,” Dio (_Kre._); Egia, (_Ash._) “Sun,” Uwin, (_Kas._) “Eye,” Onuku (_Kre._); Wannua, (_Ash._) “Moon,” Ungmar, (_Kas._) “Heaven,” Ktāk, (_Kas._)

_Affadeh._—“Fire,” Hu. “Sun,” Zú. “Day,” Phadeenszo. “Eye,” Szanko. “Moon,” Tédi. “Heaven,” Dilko.

_Mobba and Schilluck._—“Fire,” Wussik (_Mob._); Mâssze, (_Sch._) “Sun,” Engik (_Mob._); Róongéh, (_Sch._) “Day,” Dalkáh, (_Mob._) “Moon,” Ûk, (_Mob._) “Heaven,” Szemma, (_Mob._)

_Dâr Fûr and Dâr Runga._—“Fire,” Otu (_Dâr F._); Nissiek, (_Dâr R._) “Sun,” Duléh (_Dâr F._); Agñing, (_Dâr R._) “Day,” Lô (_Dâr F._) “Eye,” Nûnjiéh (_Dâr F._); Khasso, (_Dâr R._) “Moon,” Kámmer (_Dâr F._); Medding, (_Dâr R._) “Heaven,” Szémma, (_Dâr F._)

_Fire, Sun, Day, Eye, Moon, Heaven._

SOUTH AFRICA.

_Gallas._—“Fire,” Ibida. “Heaven,” Ivaq.

_Madagascar._—“Fire,” Lelaffu. “Sun,” Masso anro, Māssŏ andrōû. (Eye of Day), Massoam, Massoanrü. “Day,” Arcik ando Majava, Antu, Andru. “Eye,” Massou, Massoo, Masso, Massorohi. “Moon,” Woelau, Volān, Bo, Bolan, Volan. “Heaven,” Atemco, Danghitsi, Langhitsi, Lainch, Langhits.

_Koossa_, _Beetjuanas_, _Lagoa Bay_, and _Caffres_.—“Fire,” Umlilo (_Koos._); Mulélo (_Beet._); Lilo, Leaw, (_Caf._) “Sun,” Lélanga, (_Koos._); Leetshaatsi (_Beet._); Diambo (_Lag. B._); Lelanga, Eliang, (_Caf._) “Day,” Imine (_Koos._); Motsichari, (_Beet._) “Eye,” Amesligo (_Koos._); Liklŏ (_Beet._); Tewho, (_Lag._ _B._) “Moon,” Injanga (_Koos._); Köhri (_Beet._); Moomo (_Lag. B._); Janga, Inyango, (_Caf._) “Heaven,” Isuhlu (_Koos._); Maaro, (_Beet._)

_Bosjemans_, _Coronas_, _Hottentots_, _and Saldannä Bay_.—“Fire,” Tjih (_Bos._); T’aib (_Cor._); T’ei, T’ei eip, Nèip, Ecy, Ei, (_Hot._) “Sun,” T’kòăra (_Bos._); Soröhb (_Cor._); Sore, Sorrie, Sorrè, Sorri, Surrie (_Hot._); Sore, (_Sal. B._) “Day,” T’gaa, (_Bos._); Sorökŏa, (_Cor._) “Eye,” T’saguh (_Bos._); Muhm (_Cor._); Mo, Mu, Mum, Moe, (_Hot._) “Moon,” T’káukăruh (_Bos._); T’khaam (_Cor._); K’cha, T’ga, Tohâ, Kā (_Hot._); Gam, (_Sal. B._) “Heaven,” T’gachuh (_Bos._); Homma, (_Sal. B._)

Man, Woman, Human Being.

[M. marks Nouns Masculine; F. Nouns Feminine; H. words for a Human Being, whether Male or Female.]

NORTH AFRICA.

_Egypt._—Hoout, M. and H., Hime, F., Himi, F., Lomi, F. and H.(211)

_Abyssinia and Nubia._—Szebbat, H. (_Ab._); Odey, H. (_Nub._); Szebbey, M. (_Ab._); Auadseh, M., Oták, M. (_Nub._); Szebbéitÿ, F. (_Ab._); “Indáki”, F., Tétakkát, F. (_Nub._)

_Berbers and Dongolans._—Adémga, M. (_Ber._); Ogikh, M. (_Don._); Edinga, F. (_Ber._); Enga, F. (_Don._)

_Phellatahs and Fulahs._—Nékdo, H., Gúrko, M. (_Phel._); Gorko mahodo, M. (_Ful._); Debbo, F. (_Phel._); Debo, F. (_Ful._)

NEGRO-LAND.

_Iolofs and Sereres._—Gour, H., Garr, H. (_Iol._); Core, H. (_Ser._); Goourgne, M., Guiacar, M., Guiaccar, M. (_Iol._); Cow, M. (_Ser._); Digin, F., Guiguienne, F., Diguén, F. (_Iol._); Tewe, F. (_Ser._)

_Mandingos._—Mo, H., Kea, M., Fato, M., Musha, F.

_Jallunkans and Sokko._—Mogee, H. (_Jal._); Manni, H. (_Sok._); Kai, M. (_Jal._); Kjä, M. (_Sok._); Musee, F. (_Jal._); Mussu, F. (_Sok._)

_Kanga, Mangree, and Gien._—Ngumbo, H. (_Kan._); Mia, H. (_Man._); Me, H. (_Gien_); Nebeju, M. (_Kan._); Laniu, M. (_Man._); Unsoibe, M. (_Gien_); Junoo, F. (_Kan._); Auwee, F. (_Man._); Lung, F. (_Gien_).

_Fetu, Fanti, and Gold Coast._—Enipa, H. (_Fanti_); Nipa, H., Baning, M., Bubasja, F. (_Fetu_); Hiro, F. (_G. Coast._)

_Amina, Akkim, and Akripon._—Ojippa, H. (_Am._); Nippa, H. (_Akkim_); Osse, H. (_Akri._); Obaini, M. (_Am._); Obellima, M. (_Akkim_); Unji, M. (_Akri._); Obbaa, F. (_Am._); Obia, F. (_Akkim_); Otjee, (_Akri._)

_Akrai and Tambi._—Biomo, H., Biommo, H. (_Ak._); Numero, H. (_Tam._); Nu, M. (_Ak._); Njummu, M. (_Tam._); Nga, F., In, F. (_Ak._)

_Papah, and Watje._—Emme, H. (_Pap._); Ammee, H. (_Wat._); Messuhu, M. (_Pap._); Uzu, M. (_Wat._); Djonnu, F. (_Pap._); Jonnu, F. (_Wat._)

_Kongo._—Eiecala-muntu, H., Mundu, H., Ackala, M., Jakkela, M., Bacala, M., Kentu, F., Quinto, F.

_Loango, Mandongo, and Camba._—Mond, H. (_Lo._); Mutte, H. (_Man._); Monami, H. (_Cam._); Bakala, M., Bakkara, M. (_Lo._); Najalaka, M. (_Man._); Olummi, M. (_Cam._); Kento, F., Tjendo, F. (_Lo._); Okeetu, F. (_Man._); Ukassi, F. (_Cam._)

_Karabari, Ibo, and Mokko._—Mad, H. (_Kar._); Made, H. (_Ibo._); Auwo, H. (_Mok._); Mammoku, M. (_Kar._); Mook, M., Dikkom, M., Dim, M., (_Ibo_); Iden, M. (_Mok._); Mangman, F. (_Kar._); Mai, F., Wei, _F._ (_Ibo_); Wan, F. (_Mok._)

_Wawu and Tembu._—See, H. (_Wa._); Iraa, H. (_Tem._); Gonee, M. (_Wa._); Ibalu, M. (_Tem._); Anna, F. (_Wa._); Alo, F. (_Tem._)

_Kassenti._—Umir, H., Otga, M., Uppi, F.

_Affadeh._—Mágu, H., Beló, M., Kerim, F.

_Schilluck._—Tabànje, M., Uréh, F.

_Dâr Fûr and Dâr Runga._—Koá, H., Duéh, M. (_D. Fur._); Kamére, M. (_D. Run._); Jânkuèh, F. (_D. Fur._); Mmi, F. (_D. Run._)

SOUTH AFRICA.

_Madagascar._—Oelun, H., Olon, H., Urun, H., Lelay, M., Lăhē, M., Orrang, M., Văiăve, F., Bayave, F., Ampele, F.

_Koossas, Beetjuanas, Lagoa Bay, and Caffres._—Uhmto, H. (_Koos._); Muhnto, H. (_Beet._); Monhee, H. (_L. Bay_); Monúna, M. (_Beet._); Indóda, M. (_Koos._); Doda, M., Abaandoo, M. (_Caf._); Umfási, F. (_Koos._); Massári, _or_ Bassari, F. (_Beet._); Aduhast, F. (_L. Bay_); Omfaas, F. (_Caf._)

_Bosjemans, Coronas, Hottentots, and Saldannä Bay._—T’kūi H. (_Bos._); T’kohn, H. (_Cor._); T’na, M. (_Bos._); Köuh, M., Kauh, M., Chaib, M. (_Cor._); Kùpp, M., K’quique, M., Zohee, M., Qûoique, M., Quaina, M. (_Hot._); T’aifi, F. (_Bos._); Chaisas, F. (_Cor._); Ankona, F. (_Sal. B._); Honnes, F., Kus, F., K’quiquis, Zohees, F., Kȳoiquis, F., Quaishha, F. (_Hot._)

Parts Of The Body, Hand, Arm, &c.

NORTH AFRICA.

_Egypt._—“Hand,” Gig, Shig [The Hand and Fore-Arm], Koi, Mah, Mahe. “Tongue,” Lash. “Ear,” Meeje.(212) “Nose,” Sha. “Foot,” Rat, [I, “To go.”] “Head,” Kahi, Jo.

_Abyssinia and Nubia._—“Hand,” Tedémbetôn, (_Nub._) “Tongue,” Mülhassh (_Abyss._); E’midáp, (_Nub._) “Ear,” A’shinhá (_Abyss._); Ishenáh, Wongwil, (_Nub._) “Nose,” Affinkjáha (_Abyss._); A’ffinkjách, Ognûf, (_Nub._) “Foot,” Tarékkas (_Abyss._); Regget, (_Nub._) “Head,” Râassih (_Abyss._); Dimmáha, O’gürmá, (_Nub._)

_Berbers and Dongolans._—“Hand,” Iddegh (_Ber._); Ihg, (_Don._) “Tongue,” Nárka (_Ber._); Nádka, (_Don._) “Ear,” U’kkegá (_Ber._); Ulûk, (_Don._) “Nose,” Szurringa, (_Ber. & Don._) “Foot,” Oèntúga (_Ber._); Ossentuge, (_Don._)

_Phellatahs and Fulahs._—“Hand,” Néworéh (_Phel._); Youngo, (_Ful._) “Tongue,” Démgal (_Phel._); D’heingall, (_Ful._) “Ear,” Nuppi (_Phel._) Noppy, (_Ful._) “Nose,” Njelhinerát (_Phel._); Hener, (_Ful._) “Foot,” Kússengál (_Phel._); Kavassongal, (_Ful._) “Head,” Hóre (_Phel._); Horde, (_Ful._)

NEGRO-LAND.

_Iolofs and Sereres._—“Hand,” Loho, Loco [properly the Arm], Lokoo (_Iol._); Bayie, (_Ser._) “Tongue,” Laming, Lamai, Lammegue, Lamin (_Iol._); Delemme, (_Ser._) “Ear,” Smanoppe, Nope, Noppe (_Iol._); Noffe, (_Ser._) “Nose,” Smak-bookan, Bacann, Boucanne, Baccané (_Iol._); Guisse, (_Ser._) “Foot,” Simatank, Tangue (_Iol._); Guiaf, (_Ser._) “Head,” Smababb, Boppe, Bappe, Bop (_Iol._); Coque, (_Ser._).

_Mandingos._—“Hand,” Bulla, Boula [Hand and Arm]. “Tongue,” Ning. “Ear,” Toola. “Nose,” Noong. “Foot,” Sing. “Head,” Kung, Koon.

_Jallunkans and Sokko._—“Hand,” Ibolee (_Jal._); Bulla, Blu, (_Sok._) “Foot,” Itgenge (_Jal._); Afo, (_Sok._) “Head,” Ikkunjee (_Jal._); Ukkung, (_Sok._)

_Kanga, Mangree, and Gien._—“Hand,” Nakoa (_Kan._); Ikko, (_Gien._) “Foot,” Namboo (_Kan._); Trippi (_Man._); Nugee, (_Gien._) “Head,” Nandewu (_Kan._); Tri (_Man._); Ungo, (_Gien._)

_Fetu and Gold Coast._—“Hand,” Ensah, (_Fetu._) “Tongue,” Teckremà (_Fetu_); Decrame, (_G. Coast._) “Ear,” Asschaba (_Fetu_); Asso, (_G. Coast._) “Nose,” Engvvinni (_Fetu_); O-u-nom, (_G. Coast._) “Foot,” Anan, (_Fetu._) “Head,” Etyr (_Fetu_); Eteri, (_G. Coast._)

_Amina, Akkim, and Akripon._—“Hand,” En-saa, Obaa (_Am. & Akkim_); Obaa, (_Akri._) “Foot,” Onang (_Am. & Akkim_); Djabi, (_Akri._) “Head,” Utieri (_Am._); Metih (_Akkim_); Nuntji, (_Akri._)

_Akrai and Tambi._—“Hand,” Nindeh, Dinde, Nindé (_Ak._); Nindi, (_Tam._) “Arm,” Nindeh, (_Ak._) “Ear,” Toy, (_Ak._) “Foot,” Nanne, Nandé, (_Ak._); Nandi, (_Tam._) “Head,” Ithu, Oitju (_Ak._); Ii, (_Tam._)

_Widah, Papah, and Watje._—“Hand,” Alo (_Wid._); Allo (_Pap._); Aschi, (_Wat._) “Ears,” Otto, (_Wid._) “Nose,” Aonty, (_Wid._) “Foot,” Affo (_Wid._); Afo, (_Pap. & Wat._) “Head,” Ta, (_Pap. & Wat._)

_Kongo and Angolan._—“Hand,” Moco [_pl._], Kook, Coco, (_Kon._) “Foot,” Malu (_Kon._); Quirio, (_An._) “Head,” Ontu, (_Kon._)

_Loango, Mandongo, and Camba._—“Hand,” Kogo (_Lo._); Koko, (_Man. & Cam._) “Foot,” Kulu (_Lo. & Cam._); Kolo, (_Man._) “Head,” Tu (_Lo._); Motu, (_Man. & Cam._)

_Karabari, Ibo, and Mokko._—“Hand,” Okuh (_Kar._); Hukko (_Ibo_); Ono-nuba, (_Mok._) “Foot,” Akkah (_Kar._); Akkau (_Ibo_); Ugod, (_Mok._) “Head,” Issi (_Kar. & Ibo_); Iboil, (_Mok._)

_Wawu and Tembu._—“Hand,” Be (_Wa._); Nin, (_Tem._) “Foot,” Gann (_Wa._); Navorre, (_Tem._) “Head,” Angoru (_Wa._); Kujuoo, (_Tem._)

_Krepeer, Ashantees, and Kassenti._—“Hand,” Inno, (_Kas._) “Arm,” Assij (_Kre._); Osa, (_Ash._) “Ear,” Otuh (_Kre._); Uwasso, (_Ash._) “Nose,” Amonthi (_Kre._); Ohüny, (_Ash._) “Foot,” Itta, (_Kas._) “Head,” Ota (_Kre._); Otri (_Ash._); Dür, (_Kas._)

_Affadeh._—“Hand,” Blimszeh. “Tongue,” Essiénkó. “Ear,” Szémmankó. “Nose,” Démulzungenkó. “Foot,” E’nszih. “Head,” Go, Ko.

_Dâr Fûr and Dâr Runga._—“Hand,” Enkeffy [Surface of the Hand], (_D. Fur._) “Tongue,” Dali, (_D. Fur._) “Ear,” Dilá (_D. Fur._); Nesso, (_D. Run._) “Nose,” Dürméh, (_D. Fur._) “Foot,” Tárinmúfsaly (_D. Fur._); Itar, (_D. Run._) “Head,” Tabú, (_D. Fur._)

SOUTH AFRICA.

_Beetjuana-Caffres, Corona-Hottentots, and Madagascar._—“Hand,” T’koam (_Cor.-Hot._); Tang’am, (_Mad._) “Tongue,” Lolemi (_Beet.-Kaf._); Lella, Leula, (_Mad._) “Ears,” Zébe (_Beet.-Kaf._); Soffi, (_Mad._) “Nose,” Ongko, (_Beet.-Kaf._); Orong, (_Mad._)

_Madagascar._—“Hand,” Tang’am, Tangan, Tangh. “Tongue,” Lella, Leula, Lēlã, Lela. “Ear,” Souffy, Soofi. “Nose,” Orung, Urun, Oron. “Foot,” Hoots, Lefack, Ungoor, Lafatungu, Tombut, “Head,” Loha, Dooha, Lua.

_Koosas, Beetjuanas, Lagoa Bay, and Caffres._—“Hand,” Mundha (_L. Bay_); Fansa (_Caf._); Isanga (_Koos._); Sseaakja, (_Beet._) “Tongue,” Mume (_Koos._); Lolémi (_Beet._); Loodjem, (_L. Bay._) “Ear,” Elébe (_Koos._); Zébe (_Beet._); Gevea, (_L. Bay._) “Nose,” Poomlu (_Koos._); Ongkŏ (_Beet._); Numpho, (_L. Bay._) “Foot,” Jénjăo (_Koos._); Lónao (_Beet._); Chizenda (_L. Bay_); Enjau, (_Caf._) “Head,” Klogo (_Koos._); Kŏhho (_Beet._); Lücko (_L. Bay_); Loko, (_Caf._)

_Bosjemans, Coronas, Hottentots, and Saldannä Bay._—“Hand,” T’aa (_Bos._); T’kŏám (_Cor._); Onecoa (_Sal. B._); T’unka, Omma, (_Hot._) “Tongue,” T’in (_Bos._); Tamma (_Cor. & Hot._); Tamme, (_Sal. B._) “Ear,” T’no-cingtu (_Bos._); T’naum (_Cor._); Naho (_Sal. B._); Nouw [_pl._], (_Hot._) “Nose,” T’nuhntu (_Bos._); T’geub (_Cor._); Tui, Zakui (_Sal. B._); T’koi, Koyb, Qui, Ture, Thuké, Qûoi, (_Hot._) “Foot,” T’oóah (_Bos._); T’keib (_Cor._); Coap (_Sal. B._); Y, Itqua, Yi, (_Hot._) “Head,” T’naa (_Bos._); Minuong (_Cor._); Biquäau, Biqua, Bigûa, (_Hot._)

Water.

NORTH AFRICA.

_Egypt._—“Aquæ,” Eiooue, Mōou, Mau. “Seas,” Amaiou. “Rain,” Mou-noshe. “A Torrent, A Stream,” Mouns-ōr. em. “To irrigate, To drink,” Matsos. “A Stream,” Eioor, Erōn.

_Abyssinia and Arabia._—Mi (_Abyss._); Me, Ejern, (_Nub._)

_Berbers and Dongolans._—Amánga (_Ber._); Esseg, (_Don._)

NEGRO-LAND.

_Iolofs._—M’doch, Doc, Dock.

_Mandingos._—Ji, Gee,

_Fetu and Gold Coast._—Ensu (_Fetu_); Enchion, (_G. Coast._)

_Akrai._—Nuh.

_Widah._-Asioué.

_Kongo and Angola._—Masa (_Kon. & Ang._); Mazia, (_Ang._)

_Loango._—Mazei.

_Krepeer and Ashantees._—Itchi (_Kre._); Inssuo, (_Ash._)

_Affadeh._—Améh.

_Mobba and Schilluck._—E’ndschÿ (_Mob._); Mage [also Cold], (_Sch._)

_Dâr Fûr and Dâr Runga._—Kóro, (_D. Fûr_); Tta, (_D. Run._)

SOUTH AFRICA.

_Gallas._—Bischan.

_Madagascar._—Rano, Rana, Ranü.

_Koosas, Beetjuanas, Lagoa Bay, and Caffres._—Ammaansi (_Koos._); Meetsi (_Beet._); Matce (_Lag. B._); Maasi, Ammanzu, (_Caf._)

_Huswanas._—T’kaē.

_Bosjemans, Coronas, Hottentots, and Saldannä Bay._—T’kohaa (_Bos._), T’kamma (_Cor. & Hot._); Kamma, Kamme, Kām (_Hot._); Ouata, (_Sal. Bay._)

FOOTNOTES

1 See notes to D’Oyly and Mant’s Bible. The differences, it is
supposed, may have consisted in a different mode of pronouncing the
same words, such as exists in various English counties, to a
sufficient extent to make the speakers mutually unintelligible! See,
also, Eichhorn’s view.

2 Lyell’s Geology, vol. i. p. 230.

3 Consolations in Travel.

4 Discourse on the Origin and Families of Nations.

5 Mithridates, vol. i.

6 Asia, by Carl Ritter and others.

7 Genesis, c. iii. v. 7, “And they sewed fig-leaves together, and made
themselves aprons.”

8 Adelung quotes Zimmerman to the effect that of the animals found in
Europe all have been derived from Asia, with the exception of
sixteen or seventeen kinds, and these are mostly Mice and Bats.

9 “A Tree well known in India, called the Tschiampa. It fruit is like
an Apple, and it is said to bear both good and evil fruit!”

10 Bohlen (Prof. Theol. zu Königsberg) auf Genesis.

11 Morier.

12 “Unexplored” with reference to the Semetic nations.

13 “I” (with “Other” added) means “We.”

14 Prichard on Man.

15 Lyell on Geology.

16 See also the Rev. T. Price on the Physiology and Physiognomy of the
British Isles.

17 The Greek, Russian, and German, have all been shown to belong to
what are called the Indo-European class of languages. The Finnish,
Vater states to be in its roots identical with the German.

18 See Dugald Stewart, on the Active and Moral Faculties.

19 In connexion with this subject I may refer to an article
distinguished by great genius and profound philosophical reasoning,
which lately appeared in Chambers’s Journal, under the title of
“Thoughts on Nations and Civilization.” (See Number for May 21st,
1842.)

20 This sept were also generally termed the “gentlemanly” Mandans. The
recent destruction of this warm-hearted tribe by the smallpox is one
of the most heart-rending tragedies in history!

21 Bell’s Geography.

22 The African names for “The Nose” do not occur in Appendix A, but
they are noticed elsewhere in this work. The names for “The Eye” are
explained among words for “The Sun,” &c. of which they are generally
derivatives.

23 The terms for the Domestic Relations are in some instances compound
words—in others they seem to be identical with the Names of the
Human Race.

24 Probably the terms were not in all cases appropriated in the first
instance to the Hand exclusively, but applied alike to all the
perceptive organs.

25 Klaproth’s Asia Polyglotta.

26 Eiere (“Day,” _Zend_,) is obviously connected with Huere (“The Sun,”
_Zend_.)

27 Klaproth’s Asia Polyglotta, p. 36.

28 Parkhurst’s Hebrew Lexicon.

29 Bohemia is inhabited by a Sclavonic race, &c.

30 This comparison has been extracted from the Cambrian Quarterly
Magazine, vol. II., p. 183, in which it was originally published by
the author of this work.

31 History of the English language, prefixed to Dr. Johnson’s
Dictionary.

32 Rask’s Anglo-Saxon Grammar, by Thorpe. Preface, p. xlvii.

33 Mr. Lockhart has given an interesting account of the origin of Sir
Walter Scott’s views on this subject as expressed in the passages
quoted above. They were first suggested by a friend whose attention
had been much directed to subjects of this nature.

34 This inflection, as in “They Hav-_en_,” is also preserved in the
Dialects of the English Provinces.

35 Giv-eth (_Eng._)
Gieb-et (_Germ._)
Don-at (_Lat._)
Can-ati (_Sans._) i.e. Can-it (_Lat._)
Diy-ati (_Sans._) i.e. Die-th (_Eng._)

36 A work published by this gentleman under the quaint title of “Tim
Bobbin,” and written entirely in the Lancashire Dialect, is well
known. His writings, however, display the attainments of a scholar.

37 “_Gang to the recht (right) hand_” was a reply which Dr. Lappenberg
of Hamburgh has noticed to the author as one which struck his ear
when he visited Scotland for the first time as a student. The
approximation to the German is manifest.

38 Rask, by Thorpe, pp. 8-9.

39 This Verb also exhibits the German Plural “Sind,” which differs from
the singular altogether, and belonged no doubt originally to a
distinct Auxiliary Verb.

40 See Glossary to Tyrwhitt’s Chaucer.

41 Rask’s Anglo-Saxon Grammar.

42 Rask’s Grammar, by Thorpe.

43 Bosworth’s Scandinavian Literature.

44 Ib. See Rask’s Anglo-Saxon Grammar, by Thorpe.

45 The original identity of all these Languages may be said to be
clearly proved; the Icelandic, also, seems to have deviated less
than the rest from the parent tongue. But this opinion that the
Icelandic has not changed at all is a highly unreasonable one. For
example, the Danish and Swedish names for “Water”, of which the
antiquity is certain from their general use among the Teutonic
tribes, &c. must have been lost by the Icelanders.

46 As to Grammar and Inflections, see especially pp. xvii. and xix.
xxi. xxiii.—Rask.

47 See Bosworth’s “Scandinavian Literature,” as to the difference in
the arrangement of sentences, and the difference of Idioms between
the ancient and modern Scandinavian dialects.

48 Rask, pp. xvii. and xix. Bosworth’s Scandinavian Literature.

49 See the Irish names for the Heavenly Bodies, in Append. A and C.

50 See Appendix A.

51 Possibly many of these words may be traced in the Greek, &c., but it
would be foreign to the present subject to enter into too minute a
discussion on that head.

52 Chalmers’ Caledonia.

53 In this part of the present work I have derived great assistance
from Dr. Prichard’s sound and successful researches, and from the
labours of M. Bullet, which are distinguished alike by genius and
indefatigable industry.

54 I find M. Bullet in many, and in some few instances Dr. Prichard,
have, as I conceive, mistaken the Roman inflections for distinct
Celtic words.

55 Malte Brun.

56 Kerdanet’s History of the Language of the Gauls and Armoricans,
translated by David Lewis, Esq., in the Cumbrian Quarterly Magazine.

57 Prichard on the Celtic Languages.

58 Tribus (_Latin_.)

59 As previously noticed, the French names handed down from the old
Gauls are probably often nearer the Celtic than the Latin names.

60 Esseg, “Water,” (_Dongolan, North Africa._)

61 This word is marked thus, with a dagger, in the Cornish
Vocabularies, as being extinct.

62 Chalmers’s Caledonia.

63 Ab-us, (Anton.) Ab-on-trus, Ab-ou-trus, Ab-ou, (Ptolomey.) Baxter
suggests Abon trus t, “The Noise of the Rivers,” an allusion, as he
supposes, to the noise of the currents. But this explanation
involves a change in the second word, and a fanciful construction of
the sense of the terms employed.

64 It is only by a very minute and careful investigation of Maps,
ancient and modern, that I have been enabled to verify the
correctness of this and many other Celtic derivations.

65 A powerful Gaulish Tribe in the East of Gaul.

66 Lacus (_Latin._)

67 This is one of the numerous instances in which, judging merely from
ancient Maps, or from the less minute modern Maps, (_on which this
stream is not marked_,) the situation of a place seems inconsistent
with the derivation suggested.

68 Hornius’s ancient Map. This place is very near to Bilboa.

69 Lan means an inclosed spot in Welsh.

70 Medius (_Latin._)

71 Dr. W. O. Pughe’s Welsh Dictionary.

72 Lutum (_Latin._)

73 Dunum, a Hill Fort.

74 Asia, by Carl Ritter and others.

75 Hence the “Hindoo-Kuh.”

76 A Town.

77 Celtic Ethnography, in Dr. Prichard’s work on “Man.”

78 The word, in the sense of a stream, seems to be confined to such
streams as traverse the bottoms of narrow glens.

79 This word occurs in a variety of mutually connected meanings in the
Hebrew and Celtic.

80 Petro is said to mean a Rock, in Gaulish names, by some French
Celtic scholars.

81 Hence, also, as may be inferred, the Curi-osilitæ in Brittany.

82 In such instances, however, the Celtic generally presents words
approaching in sound and sense to those occurring in the Local
names, though not so near to then as the Oriental terms, &c.

83 E.r, a Mountain; by reduplication E.r r, a very high Mountain
(_Heb._)

84 Kohl’s Russia.

85 Here is an explanation, in the instance of the very same word, of
Lhuyd’s difficulty noticed in the last Section.

86 In Appendix A the original identity and subsequent specific
appropriation of the names of the Heavenly Luminaries are especially
noticed. See Appendix A, p. 48. These words occur in the same
Appendix; as to “Tin-dee,” see p. 26, as to “Nganga,” see same page.

87 For example: “Carbonic Acid Gas,” called also “Choke Damp” (by
miners,) and “Fixed Air.”

“Carburetted Hydrogen,” called also “Fire Damp” (by miners),
“Inflammable Air,” “Coal Gas,” and “Gas.”

“Iodine,” from Iōdēs, “Like a Violet,” (_Greek_,) a name suggested
by its beautiful violet tint.

“Nitrous Oxide,” or “Protoxide of Azote” (terms expressive of its
component elements), a gas discovered by Dr. Priestley, called also
“Laughing Gas” (from its peculiar property discovered by Sir
Humphrey Davy).

“Gas” is from a German word meaning “Breath, Air, Spirit,” &c. &c.

88 See Remarks in Adelung’s Mithridates on the Hebrew.

89 Some excellent observations on the subject of words thus formed by
children occur in some late numbers of Chambers’s Journal.

90 This did not apply to the first four lines quoted above.

91 This is perfectly obvious in the Hebrew, and may be shown by
Analysis in other Languages.

92 See Dr. Darwin’s Zoonomia.

93 The occurrence in the Georgian, as a word for a “Father,” of this
term, which is generally used for a “Mother,” is specially noticed
by Adelung. Compare the other example from the dialect of the
Mangrees.

94 Sir William Jones’s Works, vol. iii. p. 185.

95 The term Semetic, i.e. descendants of Shem, for which Dr. Prichard
has proposed to substitute Syro-Phœnician, is applied to the ancient
nations of Judea, Syria, and Arabia. The common origin and specific
connexion of most of these nations which may be inferred from the
Scriptural account, are distinctly apparent from the close affinity
of their languages. These Tongues by the highest authorities have
been pronounced to be as nearly related as the Doric and Ionic
dialects of the Greek.

96 See a Treatise by Rammohun Roy, showing that the ancient faith of
the Hindoos involved the unity of the Deity.

97 Ju-piter is a compound of Pater, a Father, with “Jov,” which is the
basis.

98 Vesta is also used for Fire itself.

99 Cicero de Natura Deorum.

100 Ymenyn (_Welsh_).

101 This name is supposed by Hebrew scholars to be expressive of
swiftness, and to be derived from S.s, or Sh.sh, Active, Sprightly.

102 From the change of hue the body undergoes in death.

103 Other examples of the affinity of the Hebrew and the Welsh have been
examined with great ability by Dr. William Owen Pughe, in the
Cymrodorion Transactions. There is also a valuable old work on the
connexion of the Hebrew with other languages, by Mr. Barker,
schoolmaster, Carmarthen.

104 Dr. Prichard on Egyptian Mythology.

105 Dr. Prichard on Man.

106 In some of these instances the Coptic or Egyptian has lost the
original meaning of these appellations, in others it has preserved
them in common with the Hebrew and Indo-European Tongues.

107 Materia Hieroglyphica.

108 Wilkinson.

109 Among the Egyptian Deities is Anep, Anepo, the classical Anubis,
“The Conductor of Souls.”

110 Wilkinson, p. 11, note 4.

111 Ibid.

112 Sir William Jones on the Gods of Greece, Italy, and India.

113 Lepsius Lettre à Rosselini.

114 See a short summary of Mr. Colebrooke’s views in Dr. Prichard on
Man, in his observations on the Egyptians.

115 Sir William Jones on the Gods of Greece, Italy, and India.

116 Ibid.

117 Prichard on Man, vol. ii. p. 199.

118 Mr. Wilkinson refers the reign of Menes to 2320 B.C.

119 Foreign Quarterly, 1836. I conceive, however, that the conclusion of
the ingenious reviewer as to the identity of M.s.e.k with the name
of the Muscovites, may require reconsideration. See Adelung on the
Russians, and Vol. I, p. 314.

120 Adelung.

121 Tattam’s Egyptian Grammar.

122 Foreign Quarterly Review.

123 There is an able pamphlet by Dr. Löewe, in which he maintains the
Hebrew to be the Parent of the Egyptian. Dr. Löewe’s examples appear
to me to be equally conclusive _against_ the specific connexion he
advocates, and _in support_ of the original unity of these tongues
at a remote era.

124 Compare Sohn (_German_), Son (_English_).

125 See Dr. Prichard on Man.

126 Mithridates, under Africa.

127 See Belzoni’s Travels, p. 239.

128 Prichard on Man.

129 The The African languages (as far as they are known to us), and the
American, according to Du Ponceau, are all polysyllabic.

130 To this rule, however, pronouns are an exception.

131 Numerous examples also occur in Appendix A.

132 Cæteris paribus, this is a correct view; but not where grammatical
resemblances are treated as more important evidence than other
resemblances.

133 The occurrence of nasal sounds at the end of words, as in this
instance, form an apparent exception to the principle that Chinese
words consist simply of one consonant followed by a vowel. But these
nasals Adelung states to be mere evanescent intonations.

134 Adelung, notwithstanding his opinion that the Chinese is a perfectly
distinct language, was struck with the analogy between “Foo Tsin,”
and “Moo Tsin,” and “Fa-ther” and “Mo-ther.”

135 It is observable, that as in the above instances of Heuen and Keen,
the Chinese verbs very commonly terminate in a nasal _n_, as do
those of the Persian and Teutonic.

136 Cooper’s Last of the Mohicans.

137 See chapter on the Chinese.

_ 138 Ind._ means, _N. A. Indian_. This term (_Ind._) is used here
exclusively to distinguish words from the dialects of the Algonquyn
class.

139 A Western Tribe visited by Mr. Catlin.

140 Nain (_Welsh_) Grandmother.

141 “A Woman.” See Parkhurst’s Lex.

142 Nunk (_Indian_) means “Young.”

143 This word is from the dialects of the Iroquois, another class of
Indian Tribes, who inhabited the present territory of the United
States.

144 “War,” Aguwarrie, in the Iroquois dialects, Gewehr (_German_),
Guerre (_French_), War (_English_).

145 Parkhurst.

146 Nakoha (_Mandan_), Noh gee (_Sioux_).

147 They are chiefly composed of Pronouns, terms which form the basis of
Grammar.

148 Hooynt does not mean “It” in Welsh. In that language it is a plural
and not a singular, as Mr. Catlin supposes. This circumstance,
however, does not render the example less relevant, “Hooynt”
(_Welsh_) being clearly identical with the terms from the Mandan,
Turkish, &c., with which it is compared above; for pronouns,
singular and plural, were originally the same words as they still
are in all cases in the Chinese, and in several instances in the
above examples.

149 Dr. Prichard, Eastern Origin of Celts, p. 134.

150 This is an erroneous example, I conceive. “Megosh” is also a
questionable one.

151 Dr. Prichard, Eastern Origin of Celts.

152 Compare Pend-o (_Latin_).

153 Many of those differences displayed by the North American Indian
languages among themselves, and as compared to those of Asia, which
have been assumed by many writers to be fundamental, consist of mere
transitions of application agreeably to Horne Tooke’s principles;
terms which appear as pronoun inflections in one dialect, occurring
as pronouns, or as words for “Man” in others, &c. Thus we have Rauha
pronoun of the third person “He” (_Iroquois._) Rehoje, “Man Homo,”
(_Tarahumaran._) R.ch.e, Rou.e, “Life, Soul, Spirit, Breath,”
(_Hebrew and Arabic._)

154 As to the identity of these inflections, “Om, Amo, Amen,” with
pronouns and nouns. (See Appendix A, pp. 53-4.)

155 These terms seem to consist of the first essays of the organs of
articulation. (See p. 105.)

156 Ki-nondonim-i, “I,” or “We understand you,” (_Algonquyn dialects._)
Compare Eimi, Tupt-oi-mi, &c. (_Greek._) Bha va-mi (Sans.) &c.
Compare “Amo,” with “I Am,” (_English_,) &c.

157 See Appendix A, p. 56, for the origin of this word.

158 Ni, “I,” (_Basque._)

159 This Pronoun does not occur in any Indo-European language except the
Welsh. The Pronoun of the first person occurs in a modified form in
the Greek.

160 The names for the Sun, Moon, and the Eye, are generally from the
same roots.

161 Compare the unsatisfactory Etymology of Ee . ou . m, usually adopted
by Hebrew lexicographers, from E . m, Tumult, because there is “a
tumultuous agitation of the celestial fluid,” at daybreak.

162 This is an important word, as being one of the instances adduced by
Dr. Leipsius, in opposition to Champollion’s opinion, that the
modern Coptic is perfectly identical with the ancient Egyptian. This
word, Iri, “an Eye,” and its signification, are only known to us
through Plutarch. The term is obsolete in the Coptic.—Leipsius,
“Lettre à Rossellini.”

163 Mu lilo, Um lilo, also occur as words for fire, in the South of
Africa.

164 N’jellauma, and Liulu, both occur in the dialect of the Phellatas,
and Leoure occurs in that of the Fulahs, who are a kindred race.

165 Burhum-_Safara_, The Sun, which occurs in one of the Negro dialects,
seems to be derivable from the same root.

166 Mot-Sichari, Day, a word that occurs among the languages of the
South of Africa, is probably from the same root.

167 It may be inferred, however, that the simple word, Masso, was
applied originally as we find it in the Georgian, to the Sun, before
it was used for the Eye. It is an error to suppose that the names
for such organs as the “Eye” belong to the first elements of
language. The name for the Eye is generally a mere derivative of
words for “Light,” “Sun,” &c.

168 See Note in page 14.

169 See Note in page 14.

170 These words,—Aithein, “To burn,” Greek, and “Ashes,” English,
&c.—are said by German scholars to be mutually connected. (Schwenk’s
Wörterbuch.)

171 It is observable that the Hebrew words, Ee.ph.c’h, and Ph.ou.c’h,
are evidently imitations of the act of Breathing, or Puffing. They
may, I conceive, be regarded as the roots of all the words for
“Fire,” &c., which follow.

172 Du Ponceau, whose principles are here adopted as probably applicable
to all languages, states that in the Algonquyn Class of Dialects of
North America the names for the Moon are derived from those for the
Sun, with the addition of a word meaning night, &c. The word Hak, he
says, is very generally thus used, for the Moon, with the requisite
addition.

173 According to Du Ponceau the words for “Day,” in the Algonquyn
tongues, are modifications of the words for the “Sun.”

174 Tash, “A Day,” (_Pimans_, south of _N.A._) This word, Teas, or Tesh,
has already been traced through the various meanings of Fire, Sun,
Day, &c.

175 Words for Heaven, in the languages of the North of Asia, which are
evidently connected with the North American Indian words for Heaven,
and also with the North American Indian names for the “Sun,” from
which they are derived.

176 According to the views of many Hebrew scholars, A . ou . r, “Light,”
and A ou . ee . r, “Air,” are probably from the same root—A r. “To
flow,”—applied to Water, Air, Light, &c. (See p. 5, Appendix A.)

177 The names for the Eye, in the _Algonquyn_ dialects of North America,
are stated by Du Ponceau to be derivatives of names for the Sun.
This is generally but not, it would seem, universally the case in
all languages. Probably it would also be more correct, as a general
rule, to say that the names for the Eye, and for the Sun, are from
the same roots, than that the latter are the roots of the former.

178 I need scarcely observe that the previous Analysis must necessarily
be, in some respects, philologically incomplete. Agrêska, Ogrêska,
(_Nubia_ and _Abyssinia_,) seem to be related to Agir, Fire,
(_Kurd_.) We-taga, the Sun, (_Negro_,) seems to be a compound of the
second class above noticed from Awia, Uwia, and Tjo, T’ga, African
words for the Heavenly Bodies. Gjaubenje and Ma-undgage wodu, Fire,
are plainly compounds from Gajewodu, Fire, (_Negro_.) The evidence
derived from words, of which the origin is clearly traceable, is so
complete, that all words of doubtful origin have been omitted from
the previous and from the following Tables.

179 Hence the name of the “Ourang Outang.”

180 Obaini, M., Baning, M. (_Negro_), seem to be connected with Bio-ōn
(_Greek_), “A Being,” (_English_.)

181 Illum (Latin).

182 Ng-ummi, and Ng-umbo, (Negro names for “Man,”) seem obviously to be
compounds of the above words, “Ungi, Nga,” with Ommo, Uhm-to, &c.,
another word for “Man, Woman,” &c., elsewhere noticed in this
Analysis.

183 There is not, in every case, a regular or broadly marked distinction
between these “Modifications,” which have been adopted to facilitate
comparison rather than as being based on strictly philological
grounds.

184 Najakala and Ba cala, M. (_Negro_), seem to be compounds derived
from Ackala and other roots. Ack-ala, Jakk-ela themselves seem to be
compounds of “Kai, Hakke,” &c. (the class of words analysed above,)
with Alo, &c. terms for “Man,” noticed in other parts of this
Analysis.

185 Mass-ari, Bass-ari, F.—_South Africa_.

186 She—_English_.

_ 187 Turkish_—Uz, “Self,” Himself, Myself.

188 Two dominant ideas pervade the words of this class, viz. those of 1,
Birth; and 2, Existence in the abstract. As words expressive of
ideas of the second class are regarded by philosophical writers as
_derivatives_, the idea of Birth, as in the Greek words Genn-ao,
Gun-ē, Genn-ētor, may be viewed as the _primary_ and _proper_ sense.

189 Vol. XIII., p. 373, Review of Wilkins’s Sanscrit Grammar.

_ 190 Negro-land_—Dikkom, Dim, M., Tewe, F.; _Irish_—Dae, M. & F.

191 There are only two African words of this class, which have been left
unnoticed in the analysis, viz. Blimozeh, “The Hand,” a Negro word,
apparently related to “Bulla,” another Negro word for “The Hand,”
probably allied also to “Pal-ma,” (_Latin_;) and Neworeh. “The
Hand,” used by the _Phellatahs_, a tribe of North Africa, who
inhabit a tract contiguous to Negro-land. These exceptions are too
trifling to call for any qualification of the generality of the
above statement.

192 On this subject the analysis of Manee and other analogous African
words for “Man.” See also Observations on the Algonguyn Dialects of
North America

193 “Ansa, for Hansa,” supine of Hendo, whence “Pre-hendo”
(_Latin_).—Valpy’s Etym. Latin Dict.

194 Apparently a compound of Eed or Ied, and Man-us.

195 Tene in this dialect is prefixed to the names of the senses
generally. Law, for instance, is the distinctive name of “The Hand,”
Thoun is that of “The Tongue,” obviously connected with “Tongue,”
(_English_).

196 “Dem gall, Dein gall” (_Fulahs_ and _Phellatahs_, North Africa),
seem to be compounds of these words, with another root.

197 Del emme (_Negro-land_), “The Tongue,” seems to be a compound of the
second and third classes.

_ 198 Pehlwi_, “Hosuan.” The close connexion between the German and the
Pehlwi, and the other dialects of Persia, is indisputable.

199 South Africa, Zebé, &c.

200 Hence, apparently, Lücko, Loko,—_South Africa_.

201 “Water,” Ahti, Cora,—Atl, _Mexico_.

202 Eau, “Water,” _French_.

203 Iâ, “Ice,” _Welsh_.

204 There are other analogous words,—Endschey, “Water,” _Negro-land_,
Ente, “A Duck,” i.e. “A Water Fowl,” _German_.

_ 205 Mongol_, Usu; _Tibet_, “Tschu.”

_ 206 North America_ (_Azanax_), Eslenes.

207 Dour, Water, (_Welsh_); Jura, “The Sea,” (_Lettish._) Ejern
(_Abyssinian_), “Water,” seems also to be connected with “Tschur,”
“Jura,” &c.

208 Many examples serve to show that the names of Streams, &c., in Gaul,
as preserved by the French, are in many instances more faithful
transcripts of the original Celtic appellations than the names
preserved by Latin writers.

209 Like the Greek, Ouranoi, “A _singular-plural_.”

210 Omitted in previous Analysis: Araiáni, “Heaven” (_Fetu_); Ouran-os,
“Heaven” (_Greek_); Enniba, Eniba [above], “Eye.” [See Appendix A,
pp. 42, 43.] Njame, see Djau, “Heaven,” “Air” (_Sanscrit_); Ada,
“Day” (_Fetu_); from Edja, “Fire,” Egwju, “Sun” (_Fetu_).

211 Also A.nah, “To live,” (Anok I.)—_Egypt._

212 The great majority of the African words for the Nose (a class not
included in Appendix A) have been explained in other parts of this
work.

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