Chapter II: Preface: v

I. CHARACTERISTICS 1

II. POPULATION AND EMPLOYMENT 25

III. LIFE IN TOWN AND COUNTRY 41

IV. RELIGION AND EDUCATION 61

V. A LAND OF FLOWERS 76

VI. CONVENTS AND PALACES 88

VII. HISTORICAL SURVEY 107

VIII. LITERATURE 133

IX. PLAYS—GIL VICENTE 152

X. POLITICS AND THE PRESS 164

XI. FROM MONARCHY TO REPUBLIC 183

XII. RECENT EVENTS 199

XIII. GREAT BRITAIN AND PORTUGAL 216

XIV. PORTUGAL OF THE FUTURE 229

GLOSSARY 259

INDEX 263

MAP _end of book_

ILLUSTRATIONS

GENERAL VIEW, LISBON _Frontispiece_

ROMAN TEMPLE, EVORA _facing page_ 2

WOMEN AT WORK ” 8

A FARMHOUSE, MINHO ” 30

A FARMER ” 32

THE VINTAGE, DOURO ” 38

TERREIRO DO PAÇO, LISBON ” 42

BOM JESUS DO MONTE, BRAGA ” 50

A SHEPHERD ” 60

CONVENTO DE JERONYMOS, BELEM ” 88

CASTELLO DA PENA, CINTRA ” 90

CLOISTER OF D. DINIZ, ALCOBAÇA ” 92

TOMB OF D. INÉS DE CASTRO, ALCOBAÇA ” 94

GENERAL VIEW, OPORTO ” 102

THE CONVENT, MAFRA ” 128

THE CHURCH, BATALHA ” 130

THE CATHEDRAL, BRAGA ” 140

GENERAL VIEW, COIMBRA ” 146

THE WASHING-PLACE, COIMBRA ” 164

CASTLE OF ALMOUROL ” 170

GENERAL VIEW, VILLA REAL ” 174

TOWER OF CASTLE, BEJA ” 178

RUINED CASTLE, LEIRIA ” 182

DOORWAY OF THE UNFINISHED CHAPELS, BATALHA ” 208

INTERIOR OF THE CHURCH, BATALHA ” 214

CONVENTO DE CHRISTO, THOMAR ” 216

GENERAL VIEW, FARO ” 232

A SQUARE, LISBON ” 236

CEDAR AVENUE, BUSSACO ” 240

A STUDY IN COSTUMES ” 248

Portugal of the Portuguese