Chapter 32: on the Spread and Prevention of Consumption can be

treated with best results orally, if the pupils are first made to _feel_ the great danger of consumption and to realize the possibility of preventing the vast havoc wrought by that dread disease. The attitude of teacher and pupils should be that while the discussion may be disagreeable, the disgusting habits referred to in the text are so commonly practised that unless their dangers are taught this disease can never be wiped out.

INDEX

Adenoids, 49, 50

Air, amount necessary for health, 45;
effects of impure, 45-48;
fresh air, when needed, 45-48;
how secured, 46, 47;
how changed in body, 45;
necessity of pure air, 45-48

Air cells, 175

Alcohol, effect of, on body, 67-70;
on brain work, 70;
on consumptives, 69;
on descendants, 69;
on liver, 68;
on morals, 69;
on nervous system, 69;
on powers of resistance, 68;
on stomach, 67;
false ideas about effects of, 67;
what business men think of, 70

Alimentary canal, 169, 170

Amoebic dysentery, how prevented, 122;
how spread, 122;
where prevalent, 122

Animals free from typhoid fever, 113

Antitoxin, how it acts, 108-110;
how discovered, 109;
sometimes considered a poison, 111;
prevents diphtheria, 110;
saves lives, 110

Aqueous humor, 177

Arterial blood, 172

Arteries, 171

Articles used by the sick, dangers from, 75;
how to treat, 76

Bathing, importance of, 60;
frequency of, 60

Baths, hot, 61;
cold, 61

Bedtime for children, 51

Blood, arterial, 172;
how changed in the body, 174;
venous, 171, 172

Boils, how caused, 95, 99

Bones, 163

Bronchi, 175

Building foods, 14, 15

Candy, when harmful, 54;
when not harmful, 54

Canned meats, why poisonous, 32

Capillaries, 172

Cells, are alive, 6;
body made of, 6;
body needs new, 14;
how killed, 7;
must not be killed, 6;
size of a, 5;
what they are like, 5

Circulation of the blood, 171-174

Clothing, effect of damp, 11;
promotes health, 9;
proper weight of, 10

Common drinking cup, 153

Consumption. _See Tuberculosis_

Cooking, effects of improper, 34, 35;
fatty foods, 34;
meats, 35;
starchy foods, 34

Cornea, 177

Coughing, dangers from, 147, 150-153;
how to prevent dangers from, 152, 153

Cuspidors, in public buildings, 152;
pocket, 152;
street, 152

Dairy, sickness about a, 26, 103, 115

Decomposed foods dangerous, 30, 32

Decomposition, cause of, 30;
effect of cold on, 31;
of foods, 30-32

Desserts, when harmful, 40;
when not harmful, 40

Dining table, effect of dirty, 37;
cheerfulness at, 37

Diphtheria, cure of, 108-111;
germs present after recovery, 101, 102;
germs present when throat is not sore, 104;
how to confine germs, 100;
how poison is fought, 108-110;
mild cases, how detected, 104;
nature of the poison, 108;
prevalence of, 100;
where germs come from, 100;
why some cases are not quarantined, 102-104

Dirt, a cause of sickness, 77, 78;
getting into milk from cows, 23, 117;
from cow barns, 23-25;
from milk cans and bottles, 26, 27;
from milkmen, 25;
from flies, 28, 80, 81

Diseased animals, effect on meats, 19-21;
effect on milk, 28;
tuberculosis from, 28, 155

Drafts, evil effects of, 10;
how to prevent harm from, 10

Ear, care of, 58;
drum, 179;
inner ear, 181;
middle ear, 179;
outer ear, 179

Esophagus, 170

Excreta from sick, how dispose of, 76, 118

Exercise, necessity of, 51, 161

Eye, how germs get into, 56;
how overworked, 57;
method of testing, 58

Far sight, 58

Flies, breeding places for, 77, 80;
as germ carriers, 80, 81, 116;
how to get rid of, 82, 83;
how to keep out, 83

Fly screens, where needed, 83

Foods, advertised, 16;
building, 14-16;
decomposition of, 30-32;
heat-producing, 14-16;
improper cooking of, 34, 35;
cost of suitable, 16;
uses of foods, 14-17;
uses of starches, 14;
uses of fats, 15;
value of meat as a, 15;
value of milk as a, 14

Garbage cans, should be covered, 83

Germs, cause of poison in meats, 31, 32;
carried by dogs and cats, 106;
effect of, in wounds, 95-99;
how, get through the skin, 95;
how, get into the body, 79;
how, get into foods, 79, 80;
how put into the air, 147, 150;
how kept out of the air, 151, 152;
how to fight, 74;
of lockjaw, 98;
man's greatest foe, 1;
nature of a, 73;
not alike, 73;
not killed by running water, 115

Hair, 169

Hearing, how tested, 58

Heat, how kept up in the body, 14

Hookworm disease, character of the worm, 120;
how it enters the body, 121;
how prevented, 122;
nature of the disease, 121;
where worm lives in the body, 121;
where prevalent, 122

Insects that carry disease, 92-94

Intestines, 171

Iris, 177

Joints, 163

Larynx, 174, 175

Lens, the, 178

Ligaments, 165

Lungs, 175

Lymphatics, 171

Malaria, how transmitted, 92;
how prevented, 93

Manure, a hatching place for flies, 80, 82;
how to dispose of, 82

Meal times, frequency of, 53;
regularity of, 53;
should be pleasant, 37, 38

Measles, after effects of, 128;
fatality of, 128;
necessity of care in, 129;
seriousness of, 128;
why to avoid, 128

Meats, characteristics of good, 18;
Clean Meat League, 19;
from diseased animals, 19-21;
germs cause poison in, 19, 32;
how kept clean, 18;
should be cooked, 35;
value of, as a food, 18

Milk, as carrier of disease, 22, 117;
effect of germs on, 22;
effect of disease in cow on, 28;
flies in, 28;
how germs get into, 23-28;
impure, dangerous, 22;
polluted water in, 27;
typhoid fever carried by, 117;
value of, as a food, 14, 20

Mosquitoes, as disease carriers, 92, 93;
how to get rid of, 94

Mouth, why some breathe through, 49

Mouth-breathing, effect of, 50

Muscles, attachment of, 167

Nails, how to care for, 61, 62

Near sight, 57

Nerves, compared to telegraph system, 181;
distribution of, 181

Nose, importance of breathing through, 48

Overcoats, necessity of, 12

Overwork, effect of, 51, 52

Paper napkins for consumptives, 152

Parties, time for, 53

Pencils in mouth, 155

Pharynx, 175

Play a form of work, 52

Playgrounds, 161

Pocket cuspidors, 152

Ptomaines, 19

Quarantine, breaking, shows selfishness, 126;
how broken by family, 105;
rules of, 105;
seriousness of breaking, 101;
when safe to raise, 102;
why necessary, 101;
why some cases escape, 102-104

Reflex action, 181

Respiratory system, 174-177

Rest, proper amount of, 51

Retina, 178

Rocky Mountain Spotted (Tick) Fever, how transmitted, 94

Rubbers, necessity of wearing, 11

Saliva, effect of, on starches, 39, 41

Salivary glands, 170

Scarlet fever, a dangerous disease, 124;
mild cases dangerous, 123, 124

Scarlatina, 125

Scarlet rash, why quarantine is necessary in, 125

School lunches, 37

Sclera, 177

Sebaceous glands, 169

Sewage, effect of, on water, 85-87, 115

Sickness about a dairy, 26, 103, 115;
due to germs, how prevented, 3

Sick room, stay away from, 75

Skin, care of, 60, 61

Smallpox, fatality of, 131;
how prevented, 135-137;
during Franco-Prussian War, 132;
in Sweden, 133;
in Gloucester, 134;
in the Philippine Islands, 134

Spitting, dangers from, 151;
how avoided, 152;
where to spit, 152, 153;
where not to spit, 151

Springs, how polluted, 87

Street cuspidors, 152

Sunshine, effect of, on germs, 77, 78

Suppuration, how the surgeon prevents, 96;
how you may prevent, 97;
real cause of, 96

Sweat glands, the work of, 60

Teeth, brittle, 42;
dangers from poor, 41-43;
how to care for, 43;
necessity of baby teeth, 41;
uses of teeth, 41;
why, decay, 42

Tendons, 167

Tobacco, a poison, 64;
effect of, on blood, 65;
on heart, 66;
on nervous system, 66;
on nose and throat, 65;
on stomach, 66;
extra work caused by, 64

Toilets, improper construction of, 86;
proper construction of, 87;
relation to wells, 85-87

Tonsils, 49, 50

Trachea, 175

Tuberculin test, 155, 156

Tuberculosis, can be prevented, 142, 148, 157;
fatality of, 142;
fresh air in, 157, 158;
germ, discovery of the, 145;
how to get, out of a house, 147, 148;
how germs leave the body, 150, 151;
how spread from cows, 28, 155;
how spread from the lips, 153-155;
how detected in cows, 155;
a house disease, 146, 147;
not inherited, 146;
of the glands, 144;
of the joints, 143;
of the spine, 144;
of the stomach, 144;
of the throat, 143;
prevalence of, 142;
pure food in, 158;
rest in, 157;
should be recognized early, 157;
sunshine in, 158;
why called the Great White Plague, 142

Typhoid fever, animals free from, 113;
carried by flies, 80, 81, 116;
carried by milk, 22, 117;
effect of a single case, 114;
how germs leave the body, 113;
how germs get into the body, 113;
how germs get into water, 114;
importance of cleanliness, 117, 118;
life of germs in a stream, 115;
recovered patient dangerous, 117

Umbrellas, necessity of, 11

Vaccination, cause of sore arms after, 140, 141;
discovery of, 132;
how, prevents smallpox, 135;
necessity of repeating, 137;
pretended vaccination, 138;
when successful, 138

Ventilation, in homes, 46, 159;
in public buildings, 48, 161;
in workshops, 48

Veins, 171

Venous blood, 171, 172

Villi, 171

Vitreous humor, 178

Voluntary action, 181

Water, avoid polluting, 85-88, 115;
effect of sewage on, 85, 115;
how germs get into, 85-88;
polluted, in milk, 27;
safe sources of, 88

Wells, how polluted, 86, 87;
relation of toilets to, 86, 87

Windows, should be kept open, 45-47;
should be screened, 83

Wood-ticks, as disease carriers, 93;
how abolished, 94

Wounds, importance of keeping clean, 97

Yards should be clean, 77

Yellow fever, how transmitted, 92;
how prevented, 92

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Bujar and Baier state that the nourishing power of bacon is represented by 2,767, while the nourishing power of butter is represented by 2,610.

[2] The cleaning out of these cemented vaults is an exceedingly unpleasant task. Some prefer to have a strong, water-tight box placed under the closet seats. When this box is nearly full, it can be removed to some place where fertilizer is needed, and there emptied, the contents being plowed into the ground. In order to make this task as simple as possible, it is a good plan to put the box on skids, and have a heavy strip in one end with a bolt and ring through it, so that a horse can be hitched to the box to draw it away. If a little dry earth or lime is put into the box each day, there will be no unpleasant odor.

[3] The teacher should demonstrate the action of acids and alkalies on a solution of litmus.

[4] At the request of many practical teachers the author has appended this brief summary of anatomy. The material is intended to be used for reference or to be assigned as lessons in connection with the chapters of the book, at the discretion of the teacher.

End of Project Gutenberg's Principles of Public Health, by Thos. D. Tuttle