Chapter V: Section V: Number

1. NUMBER, IN THE ABSTRACT

84. Number — N. number, symbol, numeral, figure, cipher, digit, integer; counter; round number; formula; function; series. sum, difference, complement, subtrahend; product; multiplicand, multiplier, multiplicator†; coefficient, multiple; dividend, divisor, factor, quotient, submultiple [Math.]; fraction, rational number; surd, irrational number; transcendental number; mixed number, complex number, complex conjugate; numerator, denominator; decimal, circulating decimal, repetend; common measure, aliquot part; prime number, prime, relative prime, prime factor, prime pair; reciprocal; totient†. binary number, octal number, hexadecimal number [Comp.]. permutation, combination, variation; election. ratio, proportion, comparison &c 464; progression; arithmetical progression, geometrical progression, harmonical progression†; percentage, permilage. figurate numbers†, pyramidal numbers, polygonal numbers. power, root, exponent, index, logarithm, antilogarithm; modulus, base. differential, integral, fluxion†, fluent. Adj. numeral, complementary, divisible, aliquot, reciprocal, prime, relatively prime, fractional, decimal, figurate†, incommensurable. proportional, exponential, logarithmic, logometric†, differential, fluxional†, integral, totitive†. positive, negative; rational, irrational; surd, radical, real; complex, imaginary; finite; infinite; impossible. Adv. numerically; modulo.

85. Numeration — N. numeration; numbering &c v.; pagination; tale, recension†, enumeration, summation, reckoning, computation, supputation†; calculation, calculus; algorithm, algorism†, rhabdology†, dactylonomy†; measurement &c 466; statistics. arithmetic, analysis, algebra, geometry, analytical geometry, fluxions†; differential calculus, integral calculus, infinitesimal calculus; calculus of differences. [Statistics] dead reckoning, muster, poll, census, capitation, roll call, recapitulation; account &c (list) 86. [Operations] notation,, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, rule of three, practice, equations, extraction of roots, reduction, involution, evolution, estimation, approximation, interpolation, differentiation, integration. [Instruments] abacus, logometer†, slide rule, slipstick [Coll.], tallies, Napier's bones, calculating machine, difference engine, suan- pan†; adding machine; cash register; electronic calculator, calculator, computer; [people who calculate] arithmetician, calculator, abacist†, algebraist, mathematician; statistician, geometer; programmer; accountant, auditor. V. number, count, tally, tell; call over, run over; take an account of, enumerate, muster, poll, recite, recapitulate; sum; sum up, cast up; tell off, score, cipher, compute, calculate, suppute†, add, subtract, multiply, divide, extract roots. algebraize†. check, prove, demonstrate, balance, audit, overhaul, take stock; affix numbers to, page. amount to, add up to, come to. Adj. numeral, numerical; arithmetical, analytic, algebraic, statistical, numerable, computable, calculable; commensurable, commensurate; incommensurable, incommensurate, innumerable, unfathomable, infinite. Adv. quantitatively; arithmetically; measurably; in numbers.

86. List — N. list, catalog, catalogue, inventory; register &c (record) 551. account; bill, bill of costs; terrier; tally, listing, itemization; atlas; book, ledger; catalogue raisonne [Fr.]; tableau; invoice, bill of lading; prospectus; bill of fare, menu, carte [Fr.]; score, census, statistics, returns. [list of topics in a document] contents, table of contents, outline; synopsis. [written list used as an aid to memory] checklist. table, chart, database; index, inverted file, word list, concordance. dictionary, lexicon; vocabulary, glossary; thesaurus. file, card index, card file, rolodex, address book. Red book, Blue book, Domesday book; cadastre [Fr.]; directory, gazetter†. almanac; army list, clergy list, civil service list, navy list; Almanach de Gotha†, cadaster; Lloyd's register, nautical almanac; who's who; Guiness's Book of World Records. roll; check roll, checker roll, bead roll; muster roll, muster book; roster, panel, jury list; cartulary, diptych. V. list, itemize; sort, collate; enumerate, tabulate, catalog, tally. Adj. cadastral†.

2. DETERMINATE NUMBER

87. Unity — N. unity; oneness &c adj.; individuality; solitude &c (seclusion) 893; isolation &c (disjunction) 44; unification &c 48. one, unit, ace; individual; none else, no other. V. be one, be alone &c adj.; dine with Duke Humphrey†. isolate &c (disjoin) 44. render one; unite &c (join) 43, (combine) 48. Adj. one, sole, single, solitary, unitary; individual, apart, alone; kithless†. unaccompanied, unattended; solus [Lat.], single-handed; singular, odd, unique, unrepeated†, azygous, first and last; isolated &c (disjoined) 44; insular. monospermous†; unific†, uniflorous†, unifoliate†, unigenital†, uniliteral†, unijocular†, unimodal [Math.], unimodular†. lone, lonely, lonesome; desolate, dreary. insecable†, inseverable†, indiscerptible†; compact, indivisible, atomic, irresolvable†. Adv. singly &c adj.; alone, by itself, per se, only, apart, in the singular number, in the abstract; one by one, one at a time; simply; one and a half, sesqui-†. Phr. natura il fece [It], e poi roppe la stampa [It]; du fort au faible [Fr.]; two souls with but a single thought, two hearts that beat as one.

88. Accompaniment — N. accompaniment; adjunct &c 39; context; appendage, appurtenance. coexistence, concomitance, company, association, companionship; partnership, copartnership; coefficiency†. concomitant, accessory, coefficient; companion, buddy, attendant, fellow, associate, friend, colleague; consort, spouse, mate; partner, co-partner; satellite, hanger on, fellow-traveller, shadow; escort, cortege; attribute. V. accompany, coexist, attend; hang on, wait on; go hand in hand with; synchronize &c 120; bear company, keep company; row in the same boat; bring in its train; associate with, couple with. Adj. accompanying &c v.; concomitant, fellow, twin, joint; associated with, coupled with; accessory, attendant, obbligato. Adv. with, withal; together with, along with, in company with; hand in hand, side by side; cheek by jowl, cheek by jole†; arm in arm; therewith, herewith; and &c (addition) 37. together, in a body, collectively. Phr. noscitur a sociis [Lat.]; virtutis fortuna comes [Lat.].

89. Duality — N. duality, dualism; duplicity; biplicity†, biformity†; polarity. two, deuce, couple, duet, brace, pair, cheeks, twins, Castor and Pollux, gemini, Siamese twins; fellows; yoke, conjugation; dispermy†, doublets, dyad, span. V. pair [unite in pairs], couple, bracket, yoke; conduplicate†; mate, span [U.S.]. Adj. two, twin; dual, dualistic, double; binary, binomial; twin, biparous†; dyadic [Math.]; conduplicate†; duplex &c 90; biduous†, binate†, diphyletic†, dispermic†, unijugate†; tete-a-tete. coupled &c v.; conjugate. both, both the one and the other.

90. Duplication — N. duplication; doubling &c v.; gemination, ingemination†; reduplication; iteration &c (repetition) 104; renewal. V. double, redouble, duplicate, reduplicate; geminate; repeat &c 104; renew &c 660. Adj. double; doubled &c v.; bicipital†, bicephalous†, bidental†, bilabiate, bivalve, bivalvular†, bifold†, biform†, bilateral; bifarious†, bifacial†; twofold, two-sided; disomatous†; duplex; double-faced, double-headed; twin, duplicate, ingeminate†; second. Adv. twice, once more; over again &c (repeatedly) 104; as much again, twofold. secondly, in the second place, again.

91. [Division into two parts.] bisection — N. bisection, bipartition; dichotomy, subdichotomy†; halving &c v.; dimidiation†. bifurcation, forking, branching, ramification, divarication; fork, prong; fold. half, moiety. V. bisect, halve, divide, split, cut in two, cleave dimidiate†, dichotomize. go halves, divide with. separate, fork, bifurcate; branch off, out; ramify. Adj. bisected &c v.; cloven, cleft; bipartite, biconjugate†, bicuspid, bifid; bifurcous†, bifurcate, bifurcated; distichous, dichotomous, furcular†; semi-, demi-, hemi†.

92. Triality — N. Triality†, trinity; triunity†. three, triad, triplet, trey, trio, ternion†, leash; shamrock, tierce†, spike-team [U.S.], trefoil; triangle, trident, triennium†, trigon†, trinomial, trionym†, triplopia†, tripod, trireme, triseme†, triskele†, triskelion, trisula†. third power, cube; cube root. Adj. three; triform†, trinal†, trinomial; tertiary; ternary; triune; triarch, triadie†; triple &c 93. tri- [Pref.], tris- [Pref.]. Phr. tria juncta in uno [Lat.].

93. Triplication — N. triplication, triplicity†; trebleness†, trine. V. treble, triple; triplicate, cube. Adj. treble, triple; tern, ternary; triplicate, threefold, trilogistic†; third; trinal†, trine. Adv. three times, three fold; thrice, in the third place, thirdly; trebly &c adj..

94. [Division into three parts.] Trisection — N. trisection, tripartition†, trichotomy; third, third part. V. trisect, divide into three parts. Adj. trifid; trisected &c v.; tripartite, trichotomous†, trisulcate†. Triadelphous†, triangular, tricuspid, tricapsular†, tridental†, tridentate, tridentiferous†, trifoliate, trifurcate, trigonal†, trigrammic†, trigrammatic†, tripetalous†, tripodal, tripodic†, triquetral†, triquetrous†.

95. Four — N. quaternity†, four, tetrad, quartet, quaternion, square,
quarter.
[planar form with four sides] tetract†, tetragon, quadrangle,
rectangle.
[three dimensional object with four surfaces] tetrahedron.
quadrature, quadrifoil, quadriform, quadruplet; quatrefoil.
[object or animal with four legs] tetrapod.
[geographical area with four sides] quadrangle, quad [Coll.].
[electromagnetic object] quadrupole.
[four fundamental studies] quadrivium.
V. reduce to a square, square.
Adj. four; quaternary, quaternal†; quadratic; quartile; tetract†,
tetractic†, tetractinal†; tetrad, tetragonal; square, quadrate.

96. Quadruplication — N. quadruplication. V. multiply by four, quadruplicate, biquadrate†. Adj. fourfold, four times; quadrable†, quadrumanous†, quadruple, quadruplicate, quadrible†; fourth. quadrifoliate†, quadrifoliolate†, quadrigeminal†, quadrigeminate†, quadriplanar†, quadriserial†. Adv. four times; in the fourth place, fourthly.

97. [Division into four parts.] Quadrisection — N. quadrisection, quadripartition†; quartering &c v.; fourth; quart; quarter, quartern†; farthing†, fourthing; quadrant. V. quarter, divide into four parts. Adj. quartered &c v.; quadrifid†, quadripartite. rectangular.

98. Five &c — N. five, cinque [Fr.], quint, quincux†; six, half-a- dozen, half dozen; seven; eight; nine, three times three; dicker; ten, decade; eleven; twelve, dozen; thirteen; long dozen, baker's dozen; quintuplet; twenty, score; twenty-four, four and twenty, two dozen; twenty-five, five and twenty, quarter of a hundred; forty, two score; fifty, half a hundred; sixty, three score; seventy, three score and ten; eighty, four score; ninety, fourscore and ten; sestiad†. hundred, centenary, hecatomb, century; hundredweight, cwt.; one hundred and forty-four, gross. thousand, chiliad; millennium, thousand years, grand [Coll.]; myriad; ten thousand, ban [Jap.], man [Jap.]; ten thousand years, banzai [Jap.]; lac, one hundred thousand, plum; million; thousand million, milliard, billion, trillion &c V. centuriate†; quintuplicate. Adj. five, quinary†, quintuple; fifth; senary†, sextuple; sixth; seventh; septuple; octuple; eighth; ninefold, ninth; tenfold, decimal, denary†, decuple†, tenth; eleventh; duodenary†, duodenal; twelfth; in one's 'teens, thirteenth. vicesimal†, vigesimal; twentieth; twenty-fourth &c n.; vicenary†, vicennial†. centuple†, centuplicate†, centennial, centenary, centurial†; secular, hundredth; thousandth, &c

99. Quinquesection &c — N. division by five &c 98; quinquesection &c; decimation; fifth &c V. decimate; quinquesect. Adj. quinquefid, quinquelateral, quinquepartite; quinqevalent, pentavalent; quinquarticular†; octifid†; decimal, tenth, tithe; duodecimal, twelfth; sexagesimal†, sexagenary†; hundredth, centesimal; millesimal &c

100. {opp. 87} [More than one.] Plurality — N. plurality; a number, a certain number; one or two, two or three &c; a few, several; multitude &c 102; majority. [large number] multitude &c 102. Adj. plural, more than one, upwards of; some, several, a few; certain; not alone &c 87. Adv. et cetera, &c etc. among other things, inter alia [Lat.]. Phr. non deficit alter [Lat.].

3. INDETERMINATE NUMBER

100a. [Less than one.] Fraction — N. fraction, fractional part; part &c 51. Adj. fractional, fragmentary, inconsiderable, negligible, infinitesimal.

101. Zero — N. zero, nothing; null, nul, naught, nought, void; cipher, goose egg; none, nobody, no one; nichts [G.], nixie [Slang], nix [Slang]; zilch [Slang], zip [Slang], zippo [Slang]; not a soul; ame qui vive [Fr.]; absence &c 187; unsubstantiality &c 4 [Obs.]. Adj. not one, not a one, not any, nary a one [Dial.]; not a, never a; not a whit of, not an iota of, not a drop of, not a speck of, not a jot; not a trace of, not a hint of, not a smidgen of, not a suspicion of, not a shadow of, neither hide nor hair of.

102. Multitude — N. multitude; numerous &c adj.; numerosity, numerality; multiplicity; profusion &c (plenty) 639; legion, host; great number, large number, round number, enormous number; a quantity, numbers, array, sight, army, sea, galaxy; scores, peck, bushel, shoal, swarm, draught, bevy, cloud, flock, herd, drove, flight, covey, hive, brood, litter, farrow, fry, nest; crowd &c (assemblage) 72; lots; all in the world and his wife. [Increase of number] greater number, majority; multiplication, multiple. V. be numerous &c adj.; swarm with, teem with, creep with; crowd, swarm, come thick upon; outnumber, multiply; people; swarm like locusts, swarm like bees. Adj. many, several, sundry, divers, various, not a few; Briarean; a hundred, a thousand, a myriad, a million, a quadrillion, a nonillion, a thousand and one; some ten or a dozen, some forty or fifty &c; half a dozen, half a hundred &c; very many, full many, ever so many; numerous; numerose†; profuse, in profusion; manifold, multiplied, multitudinous, multiple, multinominal, teeming, populous, peopled, crowded, thick, studded; galore. thick coming, many more, more than one can tell, a world of; no end of, no end to; cum multis aliis [Lat.]; thick as hops, thick as hail; plenty as blackberries; numerous as the stars in the firmament, numerous as the sands on the seashore, numerous as the hairs on the head; and what not, and heaven knows what; endless &c (infinite) 105. Phr. their name is 'legion'; acervatim [Lat.]; en foule [Fr.]; many- headed multitude [Sidney]; numerous as glittering gems of morning dew [Young]; vel prece vel pretio [Lat.].

103. Fewness — N. fewness &c adj.; paucity, small number; small quantity &c 32; rarity; infrequency &c 137; handful, maniple; minority; exiguity. [Diminution of number] reduction; weeding &c v.; elimination, sarculation†, decimation; eradication. V. be few &c adj.. render few &c adj.; reduce, diminish the number, weed, eliminate, cull, thin, decimate. Adj. few; scant, scanty; thin, rare, scattered, thinly scattered, spotty, few and far between, exiguous; infrequent &c 137; rari nantes [Lat.]; hardly any, scarcely any; to be counted on one's fingers; reduced &c v.; unrepeated†. Adv. rarely, here and there.

104. Repetition — N. repetition, iteration, reiteration, harping, recurrence, succession, run; battology, tautology; monotony, tautophony; rhythm &c 138; diffuseness, pleonasm, redundancy. chimes, repetend, echo, ritornello†, burden of a song, refrain; rehearsal; rechauffe [Fr.], rifacimento [It], recapitulation. cuckoo &c (imitation) 19; reverberation &c 408; drumming &c (roll) 407; renewal &c (restoration) 660. twice-told tale; old story, old song; second edition, new edition; reappearance, reproduction, recursion [Comp.]; periodicity &c 138. V. repeat, iterate, reiterate, reproduce, echo, reecho, drum, harp upon, battologize†, hammer, redouble. recur, revert, return, reappear, recurse [Comp.]; renew &c (restore) 660. rehearse; do over again, say over again; ring the changes on; harp on the same string; din in the ear, drum in the ear; conjugate in all its moods tenses and inflexions†, begin again, go over the same ground, go the same round, never hear the last of; resume, return to, recapitulate, reword. Adj. repeated &c v.; repetitional†, repetitionary†; recurrent, recurring; ever recurring, thick coming; frequent, incessant; redundant, pleonastic. monotonous, harping, iterative, recursive [Comp.], unvaried; mocking, chiming; retold; aforesaid, aforenamed†; above-mentioned, above-said; habitual &c 613; another. Adv. repeatedly, often, again, anew, over again, afresh, once more; ding-dong, ditto, encore, de novo, bis†, da capo [It]. again and again; over and over, over and over again; recursively [Comp.]; many times over; time and again, time after time; year after year; day by day &c; many times, several times, a number of times; many a time, full many a time; frequently &c 136. Phr. ecce iterum Crispinus [Lat.]; toujours perdrix [Fr.]; cut and come again [Crabbe]; tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow [Macbeth]; cantilenam eandem canis [Lat.] [Terence]; nullum est jam dictum quod non dictum sit prius [Lat.] [Terence].

105. Infinity — N. infinity, infinitude, infiniteness &c adj.; perpetuity &c 112; boundlessness. V. be infinite &c adj.; know no limits, have no limits, know no bounds, have no bounds; go on for ever. Adj. infinite; immense; numberless, countless, sumless†, measureless; innumerable, immeasurable, incalculable, illimitable, inexhaustible, interminable, unfathomable, unapproachable; exhaustless, indefinite; without number, without measure, without limit, without end; incomprehensible; limitless, endless, boundless, termless†; untold, unnumbered, unmeasured, unbounded, unlimited; illimited†; perpetual &c 112. Adv. infinitely &c adj.; ad infinitum. Phr. as boundless as the sea [Romeo and Juliet].