Chapter XVII: Appendix: Weight of Material

lbs. per
cubic foot
Asphalte (gritted) 156·00
Brick (common) from 97·31
Brick (common) to 125·00
Brick (red) 135·50
Brick (pale red) 130·31
Brick (Common London Stock) 115·00
Brick paving (English clinker) 103·31
Brick paving (Dutch clinker) 92·62
Brickwork in mortar, about 110·00
Cement (Roman) and sand (equal parts) 113·56
Cement alone (cast) 100·00
Chalk from 125·00
Chalk to 166·00
Chalk (Dorking) 116·81
Clay (common) 119·93
Clay (with gravel) 160·00
Concrete (lime) 130·00
Concrete (cement) 136·00
Earth (common) from 95·00
Earth (common) from 124·00
Earth (loamy) 126·00
Earth (rammed) 99·00
Earth (loose or sandy) 95·00
Firestone 112·00
Flint from 161·25
Flint to 164·37
Granite from 158·62
Granite to 187·47
Gravel 109·32
Iron (bar) from 475·00
Iron (bar) to 487·50
Iron (hammered) 485·18
Iron (not hammered) 475·00
Iron (cast) from 450·00
Iron (cast) to 475·00
Lead (milled) 712·93
Lead (cast) 709·50
Lime (quick) 52·68
Marble from 161·25
Marble to 177·50
Mortar (New) 110·00
Mortar (of river sand 3 parts, of lime in paste 2 parts) 100·93
Mortar well beaten together 118·31
Mortar (of pit sand) 99·25
Mortar well beaten together 118·93
Mortar (common of chalk, lime and sand, dry) 96·87
Mortar (lime, sand, and hair for plastering dry) 86·50
Sand (pure quartz) 171·87
Sand (river) 117·87
Sand (River Thames best) 102·37
Sand (pit, clean but coarse) 100·62
Sand (pit, but fine grained) 92·50
Sand (road grit) 93·37
Sand (River Thames inferior) 90·87
Slate, Welsh 180·50
Slate, Anglesea 179·75
Slate, Westmoreland (pale blue) 174·73
Slate, Westmoreland (fine-grained pale blue) 170·75
Slate, Westmoreland (dark blue) 173·43
Slate, Westmoreland (pale greenish blue) 173·00
Slate, Westmoreland (black blue for floors) 172·37
Slate, Welsh rag 172·00
Slate, Cornwall (greyish blue) 157·00
Snow from 8·00
Snow to 14·00
Shingle 95·00
Steel from 486·25
Steel to 490·00
Stone, Bath (roe stone) 155·87
Stone, Bath 123·43
Stone, blue lias (limestone) 54·18
Stone, Bramley Fall (sandstone) 56·62
Stone, Bristol 56·87
Stone, Caen 31·75
Stone, Clitheroe (limestone) 67·87
Stone, Derbyshire (red friable sandstone) 46·62
Stone, Dundee 58·12
Stone, Hilton (sandstone) 36·06
Stone, Kentish rag 66·00
Stone, Ketton (roe stone) 55·87
Stone, Kincardine (sandstone) 53·00
Stone, Penarth (limestone) 65·81
Stone, Portland (roe stone) 53·81
Stone, Portland 151·43
Stone, Purbeck 67·50
Stone, Woodstock (flagstone) 63·37
Stone, Yorkshire (paving) 56·68
Tile (common plain) 16·15
Water (sea) 64·18
Water (rain) 62·50
Wood (ash) 50·00
Wood (birch) 45·00
Wood (beech) 45·00
Wood (elm, common, dry) 34·00
Wood (fir, Memel dry) 34·00
Wood (fir, Norway spruce) 32·00
Wood (fir, Riga dry) 29·12
Wood (fir, Scotch dry) 26·80
Wood (larch, white wood seasoned) 22·75
Wood (larch, dry) 38·31
Wood (oak, English seasoned) 48·56
Wood (oak, Dantzic seasoned) 47·24
Wood (oak, Riga dry) 43·00
Zinc 450·00

FOOTNOTES:

[Footnote 1: _A Treatise on Shoring and Underpinning, and generally dealing with Dangerous Structures._ By Cecil Haden Stock. Third edition, revised by F. R. Farrow. (B. T. Batsford.)]

[Footnote 2: As derived from tests made by Messrs. Frost Bros., Ltd., rope manufacturers, London, E.]

[Footnote 3: Authority, Hodgkinson.]

[Footnote 4: These constants, in the absence of experiments, are assumed to vary according to the modulus of elasticity of the wood. (Tredgold, from Dr. Young’s _Nat. Philos._, vol. ii.)]

[Footnote 5: Tredgold’s _Carpentry_.]

[Footnote 6: These forms are to be obtained from Messrs. Wyman & Sons, Ltd., Fetter Lane, E.C.]

[Footnote 7: NOTE.—Part 4 is now inoperative. See p. 167.]

[Footnote 8: 1 Edw. VII., c. 22.]

[Footnote 9: This brings about the inclusion of any workmen who are defined as such in Sec. 13 of this Act. (See _post_, page 178C.)]

[Footnote 10: These words may bring an injury due to nervous shock within the provisions of the Act.]

[Footnote 11: This is an alteration from the Act of 1897, in which two weeks was the period of disablement necessary before compensation could be claimed.]

[Footnote 12: There is a slight alteration in drafting here from the Act of 1897, but in no way is the substance affected.]

[Footnote 13: The words 'unless that injury results in death or serious and permanent disablement’ are new and considerably enlarge the scope of the section.]

INDEX

Accidents Act, notice of, 167

Accidents, report on, by Home Office Inspector, 170

Ash, 70

Ashlar shears, 100

Attachment for hoisting, 129

Balks, 74

Barrows, 97

— hand, 97

Baskets, 95

Beams, strength of, 143, 145

— stiffest, 66

— strongest, 66

Birch, 70

Blocks and tackle, 120

Boards, 2, 26

— cutting of, 67

Boatswains’ boats, 45

Bogies, stone, 97

Bolts, 108

Braces, 2, 26

— strength of, 143, 151

Buckets, 93

Bye-laws, scaffolding, London, 161

Centering, supports to, 158

Centre of gravity, to find, 136

Chain lashings, 103

Chains, 9, 110

Chimney climbing, 33

Cleats, 51

Connections, 29

Constants, 143

Cordage, 76

— danger from damp, 158

— strength of, 76

Coupling links, 9, 105

Crabs, 16

Cradles, 43

Crane, 116

Crates, 99

Cripples, 93

Dangerous occurrences, notice of, 169

Dead shores, 58

Derrick platform, 6

— staging for traveller, 10

— stagings, 3

— travelling, 10

Dog irons, 107

— — fixing of, 107

Duck runs, 112

Edge boards, 156

Effect of weight, 136

— of wind pressure, 131

Elm, 70

Employer, definition of, 178B

Engines, 115

Face boards, 28

Factory Act, abstract of, 165

— — repeal of Sec. 19, 167

— — application of, 164

Fan guards, 159

Flying shores, 50

Footing blocks, 14, 17

— piece, 55

Gantries, 12, 16

Gin, 128

Guys, 9

Hatchet, 113

Height of building under Factory Act, 164

Hods, 97

Horizontal shores, 50

Jibs, 125

— masons’, 127

Joggles, 50

King legs, 3

Kites, 33

Knots, 78

Ladders, 90

— accidents from, 154

— fixing of, 8

Landing stages, 28

Larch, 69

Ledgers, 2

— connections between, 22

Levers, 106

Lewises, 102

Masons’ jibs, 127

Materials, weight of, Appendix

Mortar boards, 112

Nails, 113

Needles, 30

— for shoring, 50

Notice of accidents, 167

— — dangerous occurrences, 169

Oak, 70

Painters’ boats, 43

Pine, 69

Plant, danger from unsound, 158

— danger from insufficient, 159

Platforms, 6, 12

— for traveller, 15

Poles, 74

Posts, strength of, 143, 149

Pulleys, 118

— differential, 121

Puncheons, 20

Putlogs, 2, 74

— fixing of, 23

Queen legs, 3

Raking shores, 52

— — scantlings for, 54

— struts, 51

Repeal of Sec. 19 Factory Act, 1901, 167

Report by Home Office Inspector on building accidents, 170

Rider shore, 57

Rollers, 106

Runners, 2

Runs, 157

Scaffolders’ hatchet, 113

Scaffolding, definition of, 1

— foundations, 3

— application Burgh Police Scotland Act, 163

Scaffolding needle, 30

— proper control of, 158

— system of, 2

Scaffolds, bricklayers’, 19

— for chimneys, 31, 37

— for domes and arches, 42

— ladder, 46

— masons’, 27

— for steeples, 42

— swinging, 43

— for towers, 41

Shakes, cup, 62

— radial, 62

— weather, 69

Shear legs, 127

Shears, ashlar, 100

Shore, preparation of, 55

Shores, 2

Shoring, 49

Skips, 93

Slater’s truss, 111

Sleepers, 9

Sole piece, 55

Spikes, 113

Spruce, 69

Stagings, 17

Standards, 2

— fixing of rising, 21

Stone clips, 101

— cramps, 103

— slings, 101

Straining pieces, 51

Straps, 109

Struts, 2

— strength of, 149

— to shoring, 56

System, North country, 2

— South country, 12

Ties, 2

— strength of, 143, 151

Timber, branding, 71

Timber, classification and structure, 62

— conversion, 65

— decay of, 72

— defects in living tree, 62

— description, 69

— durability of, 74

— felling, 64

— preservation, 73

— scantlings, 65

— seasoning, 67

— selection, 70

— stacking, 67

— testing, 71

— use of scaffolding, 74

Tossles, 50

Transoms, 2

Traps, danger from, 157

Trestles, 92

Trucks, sack, 99

— timber, 99

Underpinning, 57

Wall plates, 50

Wedge driving, 57, 60

Wedges, 112

Weight, effect of, 136

— of materials, Appendix

Wells, safeguards, 156

Winch, 123

Wind pressures, 131

Window strutting, 58

Wire lashings, 103

— ropes, 109

Workman, definition of, 178C

Workmen’s Compensation Act, 178A

— — — liability of employers 178A

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