Chapter IV: Front Matter (4)

Mr. John A. P. Macbride, sculptor, who was introduced to a large audience, chiefly of workingmen, by Sir James Picton, recently gave a practical lecture on the above subject, at the Rotunda lecture hall, Liverpool. After giving a sketch of the art and its great antiquity, the lecturer drew a profile in chalk on the blackboard, which he filled in with clay, and proceeded to demonstrate the building up and modeling of a portrait bust of soft clay. He stated that there was a general and erroneous opinion that in taking a portrait bust it was necessary to take a cast of the face. This was a mistake, for the head lost all the spirit and go by such a mechanical process that should distinguish an artist’s work. The truth was not always that which appeared to be true, and the sculptor had to convey some idea of the character as well as of the mind of the sitter; and a man who knew his work ought to be able to do so with his fingers. Carving was a secondary consideration. The lecturer then explained the process of pointing a marble statue. In this process, the model and the block of marble were each fixed on a base called a scale stone, to which a standard vertical rod could be attached at corresponding centers, having at its upper end a sliding needle, so adapted by a movable joint as to be set at any angle and fastened by a screw when set. The sculptor having marked the governing points with a pencil on the model, the instrument was applied to these, and the measure taken. The standard being then transferred to the block base, the pointer, guided by this measure, cuts away the marble, taking care to leave it rather larger than the model, so that the general proportions were kept, and the more important work then left for the sculptor’s hand.—_Building News._

About 5,500 buildings have been rebuilt and improved in Charleston, S. C., in the year since the earthquake, and 270 new buildings have been erected. This has been a busy year with mechanics and builders at Charleston, and about $3,500,000 has been expended in this work.

A STABLE COSTING $5,500.

We present herewith front and rear perspectives, with plans, for a handsome stable now being erected in Brooklyn, N. Y., from designs and plans prepared at the SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN office. The general dimensions are: Front, 40 feet; side, 25 feet. Height of stories: First story, 11 feet: 5 feet breastwork in second story.

_Materials._—Foundation, stone; water table, red granite; outside walls, red pressed brick; trimmings, buff brick; tower and gables, shingles; roof, black and red slate; inside wall finish, enameled brick; ceilings and stable work, Georgia pine; cellar under carriage room. Cost, $5,500.

_Special Features._—Space for six carriages in carriage room; accommodation for four horses; ample ventilation and light; stable connected by sliding door. Both floors are laid with 2 inch Georgia pine plank.

A Great Building.

Mr. J. L. Smithmeyer, architect of the Congressional Library building, states in his first annual report that the Congressional Library building when completed will be the largest structure in Washington, with the exception of the Capitol. It will cover 111,000 square feet of space.

In a building of such magnitude and importance, every step in the progress of the work must be carefully considered, lest fatal mistakes, due to hasty construction, should occur. It was deemed of the utmost importance to test every foot of ground supporting the foundation walls. For this purpose a traveling testing machine was constructed, which will give an accurate test of the entire soil. The tests thus far made have been most satisfactory, the soil standing a maximum pressure of 13·5 tons to the square foot, only 2·5 tons being required. These tests will be continued until the foundations are laid.

The method of testing the soil and putting in the concrete foundations may be briefly described as follows: First, the trench excavations are made by the contractor to the width and depth required by the plans, the bottom of the trenches being made perfectly level. Then the testing machine, consisting of a car bearing the required amount of weight in pig lead for making the tests, is placed in the trenches upon iron rails, which rest upon four cast iron pedestals, the latter being set four feet apart each way, each pedestal covering one foot of ground. Thus, one‐fourth of the entire weight borne by the car rests upon each one of the pedestals, and the precise weight sustained by each square foot of ground is exactly determined. The soil being thus tested as to its resisting strength, is then ready to receive the concrete foundations.

A COTTAGE FOR $4,200.

We give on page 136 a perspective view and floor plans of a cottage costing $4,200. The general dimensions are:

Front, 32 ft.; side, 39 ft. 2 in., exclusive of bay window and butler’s pantry. The size of rooms will be seen by reference to the floor plans.

The height of stories is as follows: Cellar, 7 ft.; first story, 9 ft. 6 in.; second story, 9 ft.; attic, 8 ft.

_Materials._—Foundation, stone; first and second stories, clapboarded; gables, cut shingles; roof, slate.

_Cost._—Four thousand two hundred dollars, including furnace and mantels.

This house is designed to be heated by a furnace. There are fireplaces in the dining room and in one front bed room. The attic has two bed rooms and hall finished, and garret. Cellar under the whole house.

A RESIDENCE FOR $5,000.

The house illustrated on page 137 has the following general dimensions:

Front, 31 ft. 6 in., including bay window; side, 43 ft., including bay window.

Cellar, 7 ft.; first story, 10 ft.; second story, 9 ft. 6 in.; attic, 8 ft. The floor plans show the sizes of the rooms.

_Materials._—Foundation, stone; first and second stories, clapboards; gables, cut shingles; roof, slate.

_Cost._—Five thousand dollars, without heater and mantels.

It may be heated by a furnace. There are fireplaces in the dining room and in one chamber. The attic has two chambers and hall finished. Cellar under the whole house. Water closet off the laundry, and private stairs from kitchen to platform of main staircase.

Proportions of Rooms.

There are few objects connected with our art that have been more frequently dwelt on by those who have undertaken to be our guides and monitors than the right proportions to be given to rooms. Vitruvius led the way, and subsequent theorizers have laid down, sometimes very dogmatically, their views of just proportions. I find, however, in the actual practice of the ablest men such extreme diversity, and I observe pleasing effects producible by the adoption of such widely different proportions, that I find myself, I confess, much inclined to be somewhat incredulous of all these theories. Certainly if beauty could be thus reduced to a formula, and the proper relation indisputably established between the length, breadth, and height of every room, a royal road would be cleared for us, which would be at least very convenient both to those who teach and to those who learn. I fear I can scarcely hope to furnish you with such a desirable help in your studies. I find rooms of universally admitted beauty, yet of almost every geometrical figure. I have heard of the room in the museum of Florence, the Tribune it is called, which contains the Venus di Medici, spoken of in terms of rapturous approval for the beauty of its form and proportions. This saloon is an equilateral octagon on plan. I have known square rooms greatly admired—such, for example, as the saloon in Cobham Hall, which is usually pointed to as one of the _chefs‐d’œuvre_ of Inigo Jones. Who is there that is not charmed with the proportions of the Pantheon at Rome? This, you know, is circular. The classical teacher of our art, Vitruvius, seems to contemplate only rectangular forms, and directs us to adapt the double cube and the cube and a half, whether for a temple or a triclinium.

The Sistine Chapel, attached to the Papal Palace, upon which the best art of Italy in its best days was expended, is a triple cube, viz., 133 by 44. While of modern French, Italian, and English teachers, each seems to have his own special favorite proportion. The truth I believe to be that, so bounteously have we been endowed, and so liberally have the laws of beauty in form and proportion been framed, there exists in fact an endless variety of beautiful forms and proportions. My impression is that it is as little consistent with truth to lay down any one definite form or proportion as the best as it is to extol any one particular curve as the line of beauty. I believe that there are as many pleasing proportions to be given to rooms as there are pleasing harmonies of color and sound. The purpose of a room must always be an important guide in determining the form and proportions to be given to it. If planned so long in proportion to its width as to remind us of a passage, it loses its distinctive character, and creates a false impression, which it can never be good art to do. It is indeed obvious that a consideration of the special fitness of a room for its destined uses must always greatly influence its proportions. The octagon form, so much affected by our ancestors in planning their chapter houses, owes its origin probably far more to the propriety of that form for a chamber intended for the convenient assemblage of the members of the chapter sitting in council than to any intrinsic architectural beauty, however unquestionable that beauty may be.—_S. Smirke._

The _Firemen’s Herald_ says fire protection, like charity, should begin at home. However efficient may be the public service against fire, a single bucket of water properly administered may stop a fire that all the efforts of the brigade would be unable to quench, and besides, the jet of a powerful engine is as destructive in its way as fire to all perishable articles within a room, such as furniture, pictures, and bric‐a‐brac.

Plants for Room Decoration.

The universal custom now prevailing in most establishments of having a few plants in addition to cut flowers dotted about the different rooms induces me to write a short paper thereon, not only because it has developed into a very important part of the gardener’s work, but it likewise requires a fair share of taste in the arrangements, as well as suitable plants for the purpose. Generally speaking, each room being differently furnished will require a different class of plants for its adornment, but, as a rule, plants with stiff, upright growth are objectionable to the eye, as they do not hide the pot or stems unless others of a dwarfer growth are associated with them; therefore they should only be used when possessing special features either in flower or foliage. Too many plants in a room are objectionable, because they detract from rather than elevate or enhance the effect, especially if the room is elaborately furnished. For instance, plants assigned to the front hall or corridor would be unsuitable in a drawing room or boudoir.

Another important matter to study is the various kinds of receptacles provided for the use of plants. These vary in size and shape greatly, but are generally of a fanciful, elaborate, and artistic design, and the plants for these should be selected with the greatest care and taste, so as to add a completeness and finish, and in no way hide or diminish the effect of their appearance. I have often found, however, a great difficulty in getting plants to go in them without taking them out of the pots, and in many cases I have found it necessary to reduce the ball of roots in order to fit the latter in properly. This quite ruins the plant, for, in the case of choice or delicate growing subjects, it is almost impossible for them to recover. But in order to meet this difficulty, it is advisable to make a selection of plants, grow them in suitable sized pots, and use them for no other purpose. To do this it requires a sufficient number for three changes; say, if twenty plants are required at one time, sixty should be grown, and duplicates of all to be grown to follow on.

The atmosphere of rooms is generally dry, though warm, and impregnated with gas and other enemies to plant life. So different is all this to the healthy atmosphere of a plant house, that it is necessary that every plant used should have completed its growth, or some injury will follow. Take the different varieties of adiantums, for instance. If used for the decoration of rooms in a growing state, the young fronds would most certainly be injured; yet, when properly prepared, there are no more popular or suitable plants for the purpose, and they can be grown to a useful size in small pots. Nephrolepis exaltata, though not so choice as others, is a most handsome fern to use. Its long and gracefully drooping fronds are an ornament in any position, while many of the Pteris family have a fine and graceful appearance, and may be used freely. Nice plants of Spiræa japonica with or without flowers are very ornamental. The different sorts of lycopods make perfect plants for small vases, as also do the artillery plant (Pilea muscosa) and the little Caladium argyrites. In fact, there is no lack of either foliage or flowering plants suitable for a tasteful arrangement either in a drawing room or boudoir, while for more commodious places, such as the entrance hall, corridor, or staircase, and where larger plants are admissible, there is the beautiful Caladium esculentum, with noble foliage and which stands well, several sorts of palms, the larger fronded ferns, curculigo, Ficus elastica, Hibbertia volubilis, and the calla or Ethiopian lily, all of which have a reputation for retaining their beauty better than many others, and therefore should be grown for the purpose. But to avoid as little injury as possible, frequent changes are necessary, and it is a very good rule to water every plant well before it is used, and when it again needs water change it for another. Let all pots and plants be kept very clean, and avoid letting the plants remain long enough to make growth in the different positions, for such growth, when brought out to the light, is generally very weak.—_Thomas Record, The Garden._

THE WAINWRIGHT HORIZONTAL FEED‐WATER HEATER.

We illustrate herewith the Wainwright Horizontal Feed‐Water Heater, adapted for use in a horizontal position under the floor of an engine room, or where the head room is limited. The feed water enters at the lower opening marked “feed,” fills the body of the heater, and having been heated by the exhaust steam surrounding the tubes, passes to the boiler at upper opening marked “feed,” the exhaust entering at either end. A drip pipe, as shown, is provided for escape of the water of condensation, and a hand hole for washing and cleaning. It will be seen that this heater contains a large body of water well disposed to receive heat, the tubes, being of corrugated copper, present 50 per cent. increased heating surface over plain tubes of the same length, while at the same time five times the strength is added, and owing to their property of expansion and contraction, all danger of the ends pulling out or the joints working and leaking is eliminated. This property of expansion and contraction also prevents any accumulation of scale and sediment.

These heaters are manufactured by The Wainwright Mfg. Co., 65 Oliver St., Boston.

The Charter Gas and Gasoline Engine.

This gas engine, manufactured by the Williams & Orton Manufacturing Company, of Sterling, Illinois, possesses various features that must commend it to the attention of all interested in the production of power from gas. It is characterized by great simplicity, having no gearing, so that it is practically noiseless. It has a power and a supply cylinder, one placed over the other, and each working or worked by its own crank. An impulse is given at every revolution of the wheel, and by the governing device the amount of gas consumed is regulated in proportion to the work done. The ignition valve is easily accessible, and needs no adjustment on starting the engine. It can be used either for gas or gasoline. For the latter, a few drops are aspirated at each stroke into the cylinder, where mingling with the air they form the mixture for ignition. The gasoline can be kept in a tank outside the building, and is subjected to no contact with the flame until it has been thoroughly vaporized and has entered the working cylinder.

AN IMPROVED DOUBLE SURFACE PLANER.

A four‐roll machine that is simple and durable, and all geared with the most improved extension gearing, is shown in the accompanying illustration, as made by Messrs. E. & F. Gleason, manufacturers of improved wood tools, American Street and Susquehanna Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Both heads are driven with one counter, and only two belts are required, the adjustment of bed and control of feed being both on left‐hand side of machine, at B C, within immediate reach of the operator. The bottom head is quite as easy of adjustment as the top head, having large screws, F, one at each box, to regulate cut or chip and keep it in line with bed and top head, both heads having self‐oiling boxes. The machine will double‐surface stuff from one‐eighth inch to six inches in thickness. It occupies a floor space of about four feet by forty inches. The counter shaft has patent self‐oiling hangers and patent self‐oiling loose pulleys.

Foundations in Wet Ground.

A new method of making foundations in wet ground has been devised by M. Bonnetond, a French military engineer. His plan is to bore a hole 10 ft. or 12 ft. deep and 1½ ft. in diameter in the damp ground, and in this a series of dynamite cartridges are placed, and finally exploded. The expansion of the gases generated drives the water far out beyond the sides of the hole, into which it does not return for at least half an hour. The time thus gained is utilized in rapidly excavating the cavity, which is then filled with a cement concrete, which sets before the return of the water. The method has been adopted in the construction of a fortified enceinte at Lyons, and is said to have led to very rapid work.

HOW TO MAKE A CHEERFUL FIRESIDE.

In the accompanying illustration is shown one of several forms of arranging artificial sticks or logs in a fireplace for burning gas, to give a close imitation of a blazing wood fire, which has been patented and is made by Henry P. Dixon & Co, of 1330 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. Several other forms of logs and grouping are also made, the sticks and the logs being colored to resemble wood, and having fixed between them splints of asbestos, which become incandescent when in use, so that when the gas is turned on and a match applied to the small jets arranged to the best advantage over and between the logs, it gives the appearance of a first class wood fire. These artificial logs are made of material not injured by the flames, and are designed to last a life‐time without cracking or breaking, the gas being supplied through a brass union fixed in the back of each log, through which connection can be readily made by rubber tubing or otherwise to the nearest gas pipe. A good, cheerful fire, which makes neither dust, dirt, nor ashes, is thus ever ready at hand and available by simply turning on and lighting the gas, the flow of which is regulated as desired.

The Sounding Board in St. Paul’s Cathedral.

The form of the sounding board is, I think, a novelty, but I am led to believe that it is an approach to the true form for the purpose. Flat sounding boards have been most commonly tried, but they are now generally discarded. A parabolic sounding board behind the preacher has been used with a certain effect, but the advantage is limited to those in the direction of the axis of the curve; and in these cases, action and reaction being equal, the preacher can sometimes hear the criticisms of his audience, if any should be uttered tolerably loud in the proper direction. Besides which, a shell of this description would have had little effect in stopping the objectionable echoes. To meet these difficulties, a curve was selected which has the property of distributing uniformly in every direction so much of the preacher’s voice as can be advantageously reflected. The figure is hyperbolic, the axis being perpendicular over the preacher. The diameter is ten feet, and so much of the voice it receives is reflected as if it came from a point about four feet from the preacher. It would be interesting to know, but I am not aware that sufficient experiments have been made to ascertain, what amount of sound is reflected from a given material. The harder the material, obviously the better the result. In this case hard organ pipe metal has been used. I observed a marked increase of audibility of the voice at a place where the assistance of the reflected sound is obtained over a point equidistant from the pulpit, but too high to receive the reflected wave from the sounding board.—_F. C. Penrose._

THE POPULAR “FORTUNE” HOT AIR FURNACE.

A hot air furnace that is designed to include all the good elements of the best styles of modern construction, and is especially adapted for suburban houses, is shown in the accompanying illustration. It is manufactured by Messrs. Thomas, Roberts, Stevenson & Co, of Philadelphia, in four sizes, and has clinker‐cleaning, shaking, and dumping grate, upright lever for shaking the grate, improved dust flue and check draft, improved cylinder, with and without drum heads, and extra large radiating surface, being durable and cheap, while economical in use. These furnaces are made at a moderate price, without any expense being put on for mere show, and thousands of them are in use in nearly all parts of the country.

Not Defective Plumbing.

It many times so happens that plumbing is found a ready excuse for filthy people to place the blame upon “defective plumbing,” while in reality it is other defects that are the real cause. There are many things to take into consideration besides faulty plumbing. You should ask yourself: Is your cellar pure? How many germs of disease are lurking there because you have failed to properly drain and ventilate it, and remove the decayed vegetation and other impurities? And the well or spring; how much filth, unseen or unrealized though it be, is permitted to enter there, until at last it enters your life blood and becomes a part of your being, bringing you to an untimely grave?—_Plumbers’ Trade Journal._

AN IMPROVED HAND AND FOOT POWER BAND SAW.

A strong and well made band saw machine, to be run by foot or hand power, is shown in the accompanying illustration, and is manufactured by Messrs. J. M. Marston & Co., of No. 3 Appleton Street, Boston, Mass. The table is 18 × 21 inches and 42 inches high, and is adjustable for cutting on a bevel. There is an adjustable guide for the saw above and below the table, the saw pulleys are 16 inches in diameter, and the driving power is by means of gears, all shafts being of steel. The upper saw pulley has an adjustment to tighten the saw and bring it in line with the lower saw pulley. The power machines are from the same pattern, and are arranged with driving shaft and pulley on lower part of the frame, and tight and loose pulley on lower saw shaft, so that it can be belted direct from main shafting without counter shaft. The machine is a very easy‐working one, cutting some four times as fast as a gig saw with less power.

The circular saw machine made by the same firm has its center part of iron, with grooves planed for gauges to slide in, which allows very fine and exact work to be done on the machine. There is a collar on the arbor, so that any endwise wear can be taken up, and the gears are accurately cut from solid iron. The aim of the manufacturers has been to make a simple, strong, accurate, and durable machine, such as can be put to hard work without injury, some of their saws having been in use for fifteen years without needing repairs.

Superior =Copper Weather Vanes=

GILDED WITH PURE GOLD.

TOWER ORNAMENTS, CHURCH CROSSES, FINIALS, ETC.

Vanes made from any Drawing or Design on Short Notice.

=T. W. JONES,=

SUCCESSOR TO
=CHAS. C. BRIGGS,=
=V. W. BALDWIN,=

Removed from 213 Pearl Street to

=168 Front Street,=
Near Maiden Lane,
NEW YORK.

Illustrated catalogue of over 250 designs, mailed to any address on receipt of a two cent stamp, half the postage.

PAT. REG.
27. 83.]

=GEO. W. MARBLE, Sole Manufacturer of THE ACME WRENCH.=

The best made, all steel, and warranted, 8 sizes.

28 to 32 South Canal Street, Chicago, U. S. A.

DEXTER BROTHERS’ ENGLISH SHINGLE STAINS

H. W. HARTWELL & WM. C. RICHARDSON. ARCHTS.

BOSTON MASS]

Are made of the very best English Ground Colors, and contain no benzine, water, or creosote. They have been thoroughly tested by some of the best Architects in the country during the past three or four years, and the colors are more lasting than any other stain. The price is 75 cents a gallon for any color. We would advise Architects to specify Dexter Brothers’ English Shingle Stain, and note the number on the Sample boards. Send for Sample Boards of Colors.

DEXTER BROTHERS,
55 and 57 Broad Street, Boston, Mass.

ARCHITECTS

SHOULD ALWAYS SPECIFY

Mueller’s WATER PRESSURE Regulators]

to insure against the bursting of pipes and to preserve a uniform pressure throughout the building.

Write for illustrated catalogue and prices.

=H. MUELLER & SONS,
220 and 222 East Main St., Decatur, Ill.=

=COMPETITION.=

=SCHOOL HOUSES.=

=[At Albany, N. Y.]=

STATE OF NEW YORK,
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION,
SUPERINTENDENT’S OFFICE,
ALBANY, N. Y., September 20, 1887.

Plans and specifications for school‐houses.

Architects are invited to submit competition plans for six school buildings, for which $975 is offered in prizes. Time of competition limited =to December 15, 1887=.

For further particulars address

A. S. DRAPER,
State Superintendent, Albany, N. Y.

ALL OUR FURNACES ARE
ABSOLUTELY
Gas Tight

=Constructed with Simplicity & Economy. Healthy, Pure Warm Air. No Flues to Stop Up. No Mechanic Required Every Year to Put Them in Order.=

Has more radiating surface than any Hot Air Furnaces made. Every Joint is a Steam Boiler Joint. Adapted for Heating Dwellings, Stores, Churches, School‐houses, etc.

MANUFACTURED BY

=Klein Furnace Co.,
250 and 254 North Ave., Rochester, N. Y.=

Also Mfrs. of Economist Steel Plate Ranges.

☞See them and you will buy no other Warm Air Furnace. Every Heater Warranted.

Architects, ✠ Builders, ✠ and House ✠ Owners

Should use our =Lead Covered Electric Conductors and Cables= for circuits for Electric Call Bells, Annunciators, Electric Gas Lighting, Incandescent Lighting, or for communication between Residence and Stable, etc., and avoid the vexation and inconvenience of broken, leaky, or grounded circuits. Our Cables are moisture proof and can be embedded in the plaster walls, while the flat cable is specially adapted for arranging along the wainscoting, and staining to match. They are permanent, reliable, and economical.

Standard Underground Cable Co.

GENERAL OFFICES:
No. 708 PENN AVENUE, PITTSBURGH, PA.

Branch Offices:
Telephone Building, Cortlandt St., New York. G. L. Wiley, Manager.
139 East Madison Street, Chicago. F. E. Dehenhardt, Manager.

MANUFACTURERS OF

The WARING ANTI‐INDUCTION and BUNCHED CABLES, and ACHESON COMPOUND CABLE.

For Telegraph, Telephone, Electric Light and Power, Underground, Submarine, and Aerial.

=Light Leaded Cables (containing one or more conductors) for use in Houses, or for connecting Residence and Stable.=

_Insulated Line Wire, Underwriters’, Magnet, Annunciator, and Office Wire._

All Work Guaranteed.
☞ Send for Illustrated Circular.☜

JAMES F. WOOD & CO.

PATENTEES AND MANUFACTURERS OF THE GREAT AMERICAN PIPE COVERING

FOR
HOT‐AIR PIPES
STEAM GAS AND WATER
PIPES

FRONT AND ORANGE STS
WILMINGTON, DEL.

These coverings beyond question are the best non‐conductors of heat known to the scientific world. They are easily applied, very durable, and =indestructible=. Recommended by Engineers and Architects.

INSULATION OF HEAT.
PROTECTION AGAINST FROST.
FREEDOM FROM RATS, MICE, AND INSECTS.

Many good Heaters have been condemned and thrown away for not giving a supply of hot air, when the fault was in the uncovered pipes in the cellar wasting the heat, which could have been saved with J. F. Wood & Co.’s Great American Pipe Covering.

It sends the heat where wanted. It protects the woodwork near from fire. It is a great saving in fuel. It prevents water and gas pipes from freezing. It prevents the condensation of steam. Fire and water have no effect on them. _They do not powder down, char, nor crack._ They are cleanly in application. They are neat and regular in appearance. They are applied to pipes without the use of paste or cement of any kind. =Send for Catalogue and Price List.=

Solar Iron Clad.

E Rogers. Phila’]

This is a Cast Iron Casing, lined with tin or galvanized iron, to prevent direct radiation of heat in cellar; four loose panels lift out, so as to give access to furnace for repairs or renewal, if necessary, without disturbing the Hot Air Pipes; it has sliding panels for feed door and smoke pipe to allow for expansion; it has also a dust flue and flue door for Damper. We claim this to be the most complete, durable, and convenient cold case made, equal in efficiency to Brick set, with much less room required and less expensive, besides the facility for access for repairs, without requiring, as in a brick set, so large a space to work in. It is much superior to the ordinary sheet iron casing, both for durability and efficiency. It is not necessary to remove the casing or Hot Air Pipe to clean out, or repair, or even renew or change the heater.

=The Leibrandt & McDowell Stove Co.,
PHILADELPHIA and BALTIMORE.=

=L. MANASSE,=

IMPORTER AND MANUFACTURER,

=88 Madison Street, Chicago, Ill.=

ARCHITECTS’ AND SURVEYORS’ SUPPLIES.

=Drawing Tools, Papers, Tapes, Chains, Colors, Inks, etc.=

=Improved LEVELS for Builders and Tiling.=

Illustrated Catalogues Sent on Application.

=The GREAT CHURCH LIGHT=

=FRINK’S Patent Reflectors=, for Gas or Oil, give the most =powerful, softest, cheapest and best= light known for Churches, Stores, Show Windows, Banks, Theatres, Depots, etc. New and elegant designs. Send size of room. Get circular and estimate. A liberal discount to churches and the trade. =Don’t be deceived by cheap imitations.=

=I. P. FRINK, 551 Pearl St., N. Y.=

=THE “IDEAL”=
PATENT TILE‐LINED BATH‐TUB.
Perfection of Cleanliness and Durability.
SHARPLESS & WATTS, Patentees,
BAKER BUILDING,
=1524 CHESTNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA.=
Send for Illustrated Circular and References.

=CHICAGO
ANDERSON=
PRESSED BRICK CO.
189 & 191 La Salle St.,
=CHICAGO, ILL.=
Front & Ornamental
=Pressed Brick.=
]

The latest improved, _i.e._, the boss to Engineers, Architects, Builders, Contractors, Farmers, and all others requiring a low price Leveling Instrument for grading, measuring heights, squaring, or getting any desired angle. Descriptive circulars furnished on receipt of stamp.

=JOHN W. HARMON,
65 Haverhill Street, Boston, Mass.=

=ORNAMENTAL BRICK=

Brick and Terra‐Cotta furnished from any design.

Bricks for Arches ground to suit any radius.

Equal in Quality and Color to Philadelphia Brick.

=JAMES H. BEGGS & CO.,
Wilmington, Del.=

=H. W. JOHNS’=
TRADEMARK ASBESTOS
=LIQUID PAINTS.=]

Asbestos Roofing, Building Felt, Steam Packings, Boiler Coverings, Fire Proof Paints, Cements, Etc. Samples and Descriptive Price Lists Free.

H. W. JOHNS MF’G CO., 87 MAIDEN LANE, N. Y.

Fine Office & Bank
Fittings } BRASS &
} WIRE WORK.

A. H. ANDREWS & CO. 195 Wabash
Ave., Chicago, and 686 Broadway, N. Y.

=COSY HOMES!=

=How to Build Them.=

Contains =96= pages, showing complete designs of =10= low‐cost houses, with valuable information for those who wish to build economically. Post‐paid on receipt of price. =25c.=

=F. L. SMITH=, Architect,
22 School St., =Boston=.

FINE TOOLS, TAPS, DRILLS, VISES CHUCKS]

CHARLES H. BESLY & CO.

175–177 LAKE ST.
CHICAGO.

SEND FOR CATALOGUE

Mention this paper.

=STEWART’S= MACHINE‐WAXED SHEATHING.

Absolutely Water‐proof, Air‐proof and Decay‐proof.

ODORLESS AND PERFECTLY CLEAN TO HANDLE.

_The Cheapest and Best in the Market._

FOR LINING BUILDINGS UNDER CLAPBOARDS, SHINGLES, SLATE OR TIN.

Put up in rolls containing 650 square feet each, and at the low price of $2.00 per roll (less than one‐third of a cent per square foot).

SAMPLES FREE BY MAIL.

=W. H. STEWART, 74 Cortlandt Street, New York.=

Send for Samples and Illustrated Pamphlet of STEWART’S PATENT LAP‐SEAL READY ROOFING and IRON‐FIBRE PAINTS.

THE STAR VENTILATORS ARE SUPERIOR TO ALL OTHERS.

The ventilating area is greater than any other that is storm‐proof.

PATENTED
TRADE MARK]

=HANDSOME, NOISELESS, DURABLE, STORM‐PROOF, SIMPLE, CHEAP.=

After competitive trial, have been adopted by the United States Government for their light houses in this district. Received the only Award of Merit at the Pennsylvania State Fair, 1886. Recommended by the leading Architects, and always adopted wherever it is put in competition with any other for curing gassy and smoking chimneys, and ventilating Factories, Light houses, Schools, Churches, Dye Houses, Cotton and Woolen Mills, Cars, Residences, Bath‐rooms or Water‐closets.

=Prices and special discounts named on application.=

=MERCHANT & CO.,=
GENERAL MANAGERS,
Philadelphia, New York, Chicago, London.

PRICE
30ᶜ. 50ᶜ. & 75ᶜ. PER GALL.
ACCORDING TO COLOR.

VERY DURABLE AND ARTISTIC.

FOR SAMPLES ON WOOD & CIRCULARS SEND TO

SAM’L CABOT SOLE MANFR.
70 KILBY ST. BOSTON.]

FOOT‐POWER MACHINERY.

COMPLETE OUTFITS for CONTRACTORS and BUILDERS.

Machines for ripping, cross‐cutting, scroll‐sawing, mortising and tenoning, forming edges, grooving, gaining, rabbeting, cutting dadoes, and turning. Builders use our Hand Circular Rip Saw for the greater portion of their ripping in preference to carting their lumber to a mill five minute’s drive from their shops. The same is true in regard to scroll sawing, mortising, tenoning, cutting stuff for drawers, boxes, etc. Builders using these machines can bid lower and save more money from their contracts than by any other means.

=Read the Following Letters from Builders:=

CLARENCE F. LEE, carpenter and builder, Morristown, N. J., says: “I have had one of your Hand Circular Rip‐Saws for about three months, and am much pleased with it. Have done the ripping for 15 houses in that time, which is over forty miles through inch boards. Have ripped as high as 3‐inch plank. Table is also good for rabbeting; having rabbeted all jambs and sawed all drips for 200 windows.”

ALEX. SHIELDS, Lima, Ohio, says: “A few days since we had some 150 small drawers to make for a drug store; the steam power mill wanted 50 cents each for making them. With my foot power machinery I made them, and saved $25 above good wages on the job.

If desired, these machines will be sold =ON TRIAL=.

The purchaser can have ample time to test them in his own shop and on the work he wishes them to do. Descriptive Catalogue and Price List Free.

=W. F. & JOHN BARNES CO., No. 567 ... Ruby St., Rockford, Ill.=

CHAS E LITTLE, =59 FULTON ST.=
New York.

Silver Medal on Tools Awarded by Amer. Inst. 1886. Medal “Superiority” for

=W. F. & J. Barnes’ Workshop MACHINERY.=
=New York Agency. Factory Prices.=

Patent Foot Power Machinery!

The Latest and Most Improved

Scroll Saws, Circular Saws, Lathes, Mortisers, Etc.

THE “ACME” CIRCULAR SAW.

=For Foot or Hand Power.=

Suitable for various kinds of work, in Cutting‐off, Ripping, Mitring, Rabbeting, and Grooving, and with the addition of the extra attachments, Scroll Sawing, Boring, etc.

=Price, with two 7‐inch Saws, $40.=

* * * * *

“Diamond” Mortising Machine.

Will mortise ¼ to 1 inch wide, 3 inches deep, and with the addition of the Diamond Adjustable Tenoning Tool, cut Tenons ⅛ to ¾ in. thick, 3 in. wide.

=Price, with 3 chisels, $25.=

=Machines on Trial.=

=Catalogue Free.=

=Seneca Falls Mfg. Co.,=
276 Water Street,
SENECA FALLS, N. Y.

THE
NEW YORK
SELF ACTING
SHADE ROLLER

THE BEST ON THE MARKET

MADE IN TIN AND WOOD

EVERY ROLLER WARRANTED]

MANUFACTURED BY
CUSHMAN BROS. & CO.,
BOSTON, MASS.

=All Shades and Upholstery Goods at Bottom Prices.=

LYON & HEALY

STATE & MONROE STS., CHICAGO, will mail, free, their newly enlarged Catalogue of Band Instruments, Uniforms and Equipments. 400 Fine Illustrations describing every article required by Bands or Drum Corps, including Repairing Materials, Trimmings, etc.

Contains Instructions for Amateur Bands, Exercises and Scales, Drum Major’s Tactics, By‐Laws, and a Selected List of Band Music.

E. & H. T. ANTHONY & CO.,

_591 Broadway, N. Y._

Manufacturers and Importers of
PHOTOGRAPHIC
INSTRUMENTS,
Apparatus and Supplies,
OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.

Sole Proprietors of the =Patent Detective=, =Fairy=, =Novel=, and =Bicycle Cameras=, and the =Celebrated Stanley Dry Plates=.

=Amateur Outfits= in great variety from $9.00 upward. Send for Catalogue or call and examine.

☞_More than Forty Years Established in this line of business._

ESTABLISHED 1854.
DEVINE’S STEAM BOILER WORKS,
Marine, Locomotive, Tubular, House, and
GREENHOUSE BOILERS.
WROUGHT IRON HOT WATER BOILERS
A SPECIALTY.

Manufactory, 381 to 393 S. Canal Street, Chicago.

The above cut is of Greenhouse Boiler, meeting with universal success wherever placed. Estimates gladly furnished for any capacity.

=PETER DEVINE,
387 S. CANAL ST., CHICAGO.=

AUTOMATIC AIR VALVE.

For STEAM COILS and RADIATORS

Direct and Indirect.

=Most Simple and Reliable Air Valve Made. Nothing to Get Out of Order. Has No Movable Piece. No Loose Thimbles to Fly Off. Every Valve is Thoroughly Tested, and Warranted to Give Satisfaction.=

Manufactured by
Thos. L. McKeen,
EASTON, PA.

Brick Making Machinery.

MACHINES OF 10,000, 25,000, 50,000 BRICKS PER DAY CAPACITY.

ERECTED SUBJECT TO TRIAL AND APPROVAL.

CHAMBERS, BROTHER & CO.,
PHILADELPHIA, Fifty‐second St., below Lancaster Ave.

TRADE MARK

PATᴰ JUNE 12, 1883]

Section of =Copper‐Wire‐Sewed Light Double Belting=, specially adapted to use on cone pulleys and other hard places. Manufactured by the =PAGE BELTING CO., Concord, N. H.= Also manufacturers of Staple and Special Grades of Leather Belting and the “HERCULES” Lacing.

☞ Send for Catalogue No. 23.☜

WOODWORKING
MACHINERY,
PLANERS AND
MATCHERS,
PONY PLANERS,
Hand Matchers,
Solid Plate and
SEGMENT
RE‐SAWS.

CONNELL & DENGLER, Rochester, N. Y.

(Iron Beam Protection. Patented June 3, 1884.)]

HENRY MAURER & SON,

MANUFACTURERS OF

FIRE‐PROOF MATERIAL

Of every description. Hollow Brick made of Clay for Flat Arches, Partitions, Furring, etc. Porous Terra Cotta, =Fire Bricks=, etc., etc.

=Office and Depot, 420 East 23d St., New York.=
WORKS, PERTH AMBOY, N. J.

WOODWORKING MACHINERY
FOR
Chair, Furniture and
Cabinet Mills, Pattern
Makers’ use, etc.

=Rollstone Machine Co.=
=48 Water St., Fitchburg, Mass.=

FINE TAPS AND DIES.

Lightning and Green River Screw Plates. Bolt Cutters, hand and power. Drilling Machines, Punching Presses, Tire Benders, Tire Upsetters and other Labor Saving Tools. Send for Price List C.

=Wiley & Russell Mfg. Co., Greenfield, Mass.=

BRAY & BRECK,
Stained Glass Works,
35 and 37 Province St.,
BOSTON, MASS.

SEND FOR
=Illustrated Catalogue and Price List.=

J. M. STUTZMAN, 181 William St., New York.

Steel Alphabets and Tool Stamps. Stencil Cutting, Dies, Burning Brands, Door Plates, Soap Moulds, Seals, &c.

Liberal discount to Agents.

Price for Tool Stamps, 15 cents per letter up to ⅛ in. Postage, 10 cents additional per stamp.

AIR BRUSH.

Received Gold Medal Franklin Institute. A legitimate artists’ and draughtsmen’s tool. Applies color by a jet of air. Greatly economizes time in mechanical, engineering and architectural draughting. Send for description.

=AIR BRUSH MFG. CO.
80 Nassau St., Rockford, Ill.=

RICHMOND WEATHER STRIP CO.

MANUFACTURERS OF
ROWLETT’S INDEPENDENT
AUTOMATIC COUNTER‐BALANCED
WEATHER STRIP.

AWARDED BRONZE MEDAL AT CINCINNATI INDUSTRIAL
(EXPOSITION 1884.)

HAS NO SPRINGS, TRIGGERS OR CIRCLE IRONS; POSITIVE ACTION; CANNOT GET OUT OF ORDER; FITS ANY DOOR.

AGENTS WANTED IN EVERY CITY AND TOWN IN THE U. S. SEND FOR CIRCULAR. SAMPLE STRIP. PREPAID TO ANY PERSON ON RECEIPT OF $1.00. ADDRESS

RICHMOND WEATHER STRIP CO. RICHMOND, IND.
P. O. BOX 282. FACTORY 217 N. 6TH STREET.

MENTION THIS PAPER.]

MALLORY’S
STANDARD SHUTTER WORKER

Opens and closes the blinds without raising the window.
Automatically locks the blinds in any position.
Best and cheapest blind hinge.
Incomparable for strength, durability, and power.

Can be applied to old or new houses, of brick, stone, or wood.

=Send for Illustrated Catalogue to=
Frank B. Mallory,
=FLEMINGTON, NEW JERSEY, or
60 LIBERTY STREET, NEW YORK.=

EDWIN LEE BROWN, Pres’t.

The Western Sand Blast Co.,
Ornamenters of Glass for
VESTIBULE DOORS,
TRANSOMS,
BANK & OFFICE COUNTERS,
——AND——
Manufacturers of Advertising
Glass Signs.

_Sand Blast & Embossed Railroad Glass a specialty._

=N. W. Cor. Clinton & Jackson Sts.,
CHICAGO, ILL.=

Telephone 4085.

WILLIAM WILLER, SOLE MFR.

SEND FOR CATALOGUE

MILWAUKEE WIS.]

Clark’s New Drying Exhaust and Ventilating Fans,

PATENT ADJUSTABLE WINGS.

Capacity Quickly Increased or Diminished.

Self‐Oiling Bearings. Light Running.

Durable.

PRICE LIST FREE.

GEO. P. CLARK, (Box A), Windsor Locks, Ct.

GLASS

PHILLIP SEMMER & COMPANY.
PLATE, SHEET & LOOKING GLASS Depot
No 4, 6, 8 & 10 DESBROSSES. ST.
NEW YORK.
WRITE FOR QUOTATIONS.

HAYDEN BROTHERS,

Hardwood Lumber,

MAHOGANY AND VENEERS,

LUMBER DRYING A SPECIALTY,]

22d and Jefferson Streets,
CHICAGO.

THORN SHINGLE & ORNAMENT CO.,

SOLE MANUFACTURERS OF

=The Best and Cheapest Metallic Roofing

TILES AND SHINGLES

YET OFFERED TO THE BUILDING TRADE.=

The Horseshoe Spring‐Lock Shingle (Patten’s Patent) just out. This Shingle can be put on in one‐half the time it requires with any other shingle now in the market. Is cheap, durable, secure, thoroughly water‐tight and makes a good appearance as a roof covering. Two (2) sizes.

THORN’S PATENT ROOFING and WALL TILES, the most perfect and Unique Roof, Gable, Tower, and Wall covering, yet produced in metal. On the roof in appearance they are like terra cotta earthen tiles, and are better, and half the cost. Four (4) designs or sizes are made.

All the above goods are packed a square to the box and delivered f.o.b. cars in Philadelphia.

For particulars, price lists, etc., address

THORN SHINGLE & ORNAMENT CO.
12th & Callowhill Streets, Philadelphia, Pa.

THE PULLMAN SASH BALANCE.

_A MORE PERFECT and ECONOMICAL
Balance than Weights and Cords.
Works smoother and easier
than any other device._

No Boxes or Pockets in Frame necessary.

_IT IS ADJUSTABLE._

Made entirely of steel. The best coil spring is used, it being encased in a drawn steel drum, and a metallic tape fastened on outside of drum to operate sash.

=Is very compact, occupying space required for ordinary sash pulley.=

This Balance entirely overcomes the difficulty of friction occasioned by counter weights.

_It relieves the entire heft of sash._ A 75 to 100 lb. sash works as easily as a very light one. Applied to old windows as readily as to new, without altering frame or sash. =Will last a lifetime.=

The Pullman Balance is being introduced to all the leading Architects and Builders in the country, and they pronounce them far superior to the old method.

=Send for Description and Prices.=

☞ _A fair discount to the Hardware trade._

PULLMAN SASH BALANCE CO., ROCHESTER, N. Y.

——THE——
Standard Wood Turning Co.
58 BAY STREET,
Jersey City, N. J.

MACHINE‐TURNED
BALUSTERS

Various Sizes and Patterns Dovetailed ready for use, with Tait’s Patent Dovetail.

PEDESTAL and TURNED NEWELS.

STAIR RAILS,
Of all dimensions, worked, ready to put up.

Send 4c. Stamp for our 32‐page Catalogue, containing 200 Illustrations of Balusters, Pedestal Newels, Brackets, Drops, etc.

ANDERSON & DICKEY

Architectural Wood Turning
——AND——
Spiral Moulding,

43 Bristol Street

BOSTON, MASS.

All kinds of Newels, Stair Posts, Balusters, Rails, Table and Chair Legs, etc.

Wood Mantels, Office Fittings, Interior Decorations, etc.

Rope Moulding and Twist Screen Work, etc. Architects’ Designs a specialty.

Estimates given. Send 2‐cent stamp for illustrated catalogue.

No. 11 PLANER & MATCHER

=Double Belted and Geared Lower Rolls.=

Special Machinery for Car Work and the latest improved Woodworking Machinery of all kinds.

C. B. ROGERS & CO.
Norwich, Conn.
109 Liberty Street,
New York.

CHARTER’S GAS ENGINE.

The safest, most reliable and economical Motor in existence.

=Independent of Gas Works and Machines.=

So it can be used _anywhere_.

=Makes its Own Gas=
AT COST OF ABOUT
=65 cents per M Feet.=

A Saving of 25 to 85 per cent guaranteed over all other Gas Engines.

Chicago Agent: H. H. LATHAM,
42 Dearborn Street.

New York House:
12 Cortlandt Street.

=Williams & Orton Mfg. Co.=
=P. O. Box 148. STERLING, ILL.=

=Shimer’s Variety Moulder, with=
=Surface Moulding Attachment.=

=FOR SINKING= panels with pattern guided by pin that automatically takes its position when you start the Machine, and drops out of the way when you stop it. The Cutter in the overhanging arm of the Machine has a perpendicular adjustment of one inch, and is operated by the handle shown in the cut attached to an eccentric lever that is automatically locked to the one position when at work.

=TO CHANGE= from Surface Moulder to Variety Moulder, disconnect the rod that runs the incline on the T lever and pin it up. Run the housing up by means of the hand wheel until it stands above the belt line, remove the one spindle, substitute the other and set screw it to the housing. Turn the small table back under the arm. Raise the arm, disconnect the shaft that runs the upper pulley, and the Machine becomes an Edge Moulder without having any of its parts unbolted and laid away.

_You never tire of the make up of this Machine, which is as simple and effective as it is durable._

Reversible Cutters for any shape of mould made to order, and warranted to cut free and easy. For Circulars and full information, address,

SAMUEL J. SHIMER,
MANUFACTURER of the SHIMER CUTTER HEADS and
SPECIAL WOODWORKING MACHINERY,
MILTON, PENN.

=THE MASON REDUCING VALVE=
GIVES SATISFACTION WHEREVER USED
=OFFICE 22 CENTRAL ST. BOSTON, MASS.=

=CARPENTERS’ MACHINERY,
HAND AND FOOT POWER.=

Lathes,
Tenoners,
Mortisers,
Scroll Saws,
Groovers,
Formers.

Rip Saws,
Cross Cut Saws,
Combined Saws,
Jig Saws,
Edge Moulders,
Dado Heads.

FRED. A. RICH, 25 South Canal Street, Chicago.

=ROOFING ✠ SLATE.=

=The AMERICAN BANGOR SLATE CO.,
Miners and Manufacturers of best Pennsylvania Black Roofing Slate,=
BANGOR, PENN.

Address correspondence to =J. EDGAR MITCHELL, Sec’y and Treas., Allentown, Pa.=

=PARQUET FLOORS=
(BUTCHER’S PATENT).

CHAS. BUTCHER. & Co. BOSTON]

The only Wood Flooring made on the correct principle, being laid with perforated metal tongues so that Floors of any thickness from ¼ inch up can be laid and blind‐nailed.

Butcher’s Boston Polish is the best finish for Hardwood Floors. For sale by agents in all large cities. Full information on application to

=THE BUTCHER FLOORING CO.,
9 and 11 Haverhill Street,
BOSTON, MASS.=

=“BUILDING”
——AN——
Architectural Weekly.=

=PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY.=

Devoted to Architecture, Engineering, Furniture, Decoration, and Ornament.

Subscription, $6 a year.

Sample subscription of three months, $1.50

Single Copies, 15 cents.

=MONTHLY NUMBER.=

A special feature of these numbers will be =Small Country and City Houses=, with plans and details.

Subscription, $1.75 a year.

Sample subscription of three months, 50 cents.

Single Copies, 15 cents.

=JUST PUBLISHED.=

=INTERIOR DECORATION.=

By ARNOLD W. BRUNNER and THOMAS TRYON, Architects.
One Quarto Vol., Cloth, Price, $3.00.

Containing, besides introductory remarks, chapters on The Hall, The Staircase, The Library, The Parlor, The Dining‐room, The Study, The Bedrooms.

This book is fully illustrated with 75 drawings of interiors, details, furniture, etc. It contains suggestions for the treatment of both city and country houses, and indicates methods for altering and improving old work. It is written with a view of interesting non‐professional readers and all who care to beautify their homes, as well as architects and decorators.

=NEW BOOKS.=

=Improved Plumbing Appliances.= By J. PICKERING PUTNAM, Architect. This work was printed last year in serial form in “BUILDING,” and has since then been carefully revised and brought out in book form, as being worthy of more permanent form. With 91 illustrations. One octavo volume, cloth, price, $1.50.

=Architectural Studies.=

=Vol. II.=
=JUST PUBLISHED, PART 6.=

$500 to $2,500 Houses, giving perspectives, elevations and plans, with specifications, bills of materials and estimates of cost. One Paper Portfolio, 12 plates, Price, =$1.00=.

PLATE. PLATE.

I.—$500 House. VII.—$1,000 House.
II.—$700 „ VIII.—$1,000 „
III.—$800 „ IX.—$1,200 „
IV.—$800 „ X.—$1,500 „
V.—$900 „ XI.—$2,000 „
VI.—$1,000 „ XII.—$2,500 „

=PART 7.=

=INTERIOR WOODWORK=
——FOR——
=_HOUSES OF MODERATE COST._=
=One paper portfolio, $1.00.=

Plates XIII and XIV.—Two China Closets, with details. XV.—Parlor Mantel, with details. XVI.—Book Shelves, with details. XVII.—Staircase Screen, with details. XVIII.—Two Bedroom Mantels, with details. XIX and XX. Entrance Hall and Staircase, with details. XXI.—Bathroom, with details. XXII.—Hall Fireplace, with details. XXIII.—Library Bookcase, with details. XXIV.—Dining‐room Mantel, with details.

=PART 8.=

=STORE FITTINGS.=

=LIST OF PLATES.=—Plate 25, Counter and Showcase, with Details; 26, Detached Case, with Details; 27, Wall‐shelving, with Details; 28, Telephone Case, with Details; 29, Counter for Druggist, with Details; 30, Wall Cases, with Details; 31, Two Counters, with Details; 32, Two Detached Cases, with Details; 33, Prescription Counter, with Details; 34, Perfumery Case, with Details; 35, Wall Shelving, with Details; 36, Cashier’s Desk, with Details. One Paper Portfolio, Twelve Plates.

=Price, $1.00.=

=A Most Complete Work of Details.=

=Modern Architectural Practice.=

=No. 1.=
=A Large Country House in Detail.=
=By BRUCE PRICE, Archt.=

This number contains twenty‐four 12 × 15 plates, and full specifications illustrated by woodcuts and diagrams. One Large Quarto, 12 × 15, Boards.

=Price, $5.00.=

=ARCHITECTURAL STUDIES.=

VOL. I.

=One Large Quarto Vol., Cloth, Price $5. Containing 60 large Lithographic Plates, treating on the following Subjects.=

=_PART I._=—LOW COST HOUSES, including prize designs, with elevations, plans, details, specifications, bills of materials, and estimates of cost. 12 large (11 × 14) plates of practical designs, costing from $500 to $3,000.

=_PART II._=—STORE FRONTS AND INTERIOR DETAILS. 12 plates and descriptive letterpress.

=_PART III._=—STABLES. Containing 12 plates of Stables, suitable for village lots, ranging in cost from $300 upward.

=_PART IV._=—SEASIDE AND SOUTHERN HOUSES. 12 plates of designs for Cheap Houses, with ample verandas, suited to a summer climate. Average cost, $1,500.

=_PART V._=—OUT‐BUILDINGS. Containing 12 plates of designs of Small Stables, Summer Houses, Pavilions, Privies, Fences, Gates, etc.

Each of these parts may be obtained separately when desired. Paper portfolio, 12 plates and descriptive letterpress, =_$1 each._=

=W. T. COMSTOCK, Publisher,
23 WARREN ST., NEW YORK.=

THE LATEST & BEST IMPROVED
BRICK
MACHINES
FOR BOTH STEAM
AND HORSE POWER.

STEAM POWER BRICK MACHINE
READY FOR PULLEY.
WEIGHT 7200 LBS.

HORSE POWER BRICK MACHINE
WT. 4500 LBS.

SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE

HENRY MARTIN,
INVENTOR, PROPRIETOR,
AND MANUFACTURER.

139 CHESTNUT ST.
LANCASTER, PA., U. S. A.

A. PALMER CO. ENG.]

Manufacturers and Dealers in Parquet and Inlaid Floors, Wainscoting, Etc.

J. DUNFEE & CO.,

Wood Carpet and Weather Strips
OF ALL KINDS,

102 Washington Street,—CHICAGO.

SEND FOR CATALOGUE.

Factory, 204 to 212 South Clinton Street.

B. G. UNDERWOOD,
ADVERTISING AGENT,

=361 Broadway, New York,=
AND
=31 Pemberton Sq., Boston.=

=Cast Iron Gas and Water Pipes

1½ to 48 INCHES DIAMETER.=

=Cast Iron Flange Heating and Steam Pipes, Fire Hydrants and Stop Valves for Water or Gas, all Sizes.=

ALL PIPE PROVED BY HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE.

=GLOUCESTER IRON WORKS,=
=GLOUCESTER CITY, N. J.=

SAMUEL R. SHIPLEY, Prest.
HENRY B. CHEW, Treas.
JAMES P. MICHELLON, Secy.
WILLIAM SEXTON, Supt.

=OFFICE,=
=6 North Seventh Street, Philadelphia.=

VENTILATOR.

Patented May 4th, 1886.

Adapted for Dwellings, Stores, Hospitals, School Rooms, Offices, Public Institutions, &c., allowing ventilation without draught. Simple and readily adjustable. _Manufactured and sold, Wholesale and Retail_, also Patent Right for sale for States, United States or Canada, address

=T. T. COHEN, 211 So. 13th St., Phila., Pa.=

ESTABLISHED 1868
BY GEORGE HAYES

THE HAYES
SKYLIGHTS

PERFORATED METALLIC,
INSECT & STORM
PROOF
BLINDS

SEND FOR CATALOGUE

71-8TH AVE. NEW YORK.]

=COMBINATION SQUARE=.

This tool, with its sliding blade and stock having right angle and mitre faces, level and scriber, is more than a substitute for a whole set of the common kind. It can be used in many places and for purposes that a stationary blade cannot.

Send for price.

=L. S. STARRETT,=
Manufacturer of Fine Tools, =ATHOL, MASS=.

DRAFTSMANS’ ADJUSTABLE CURVE RULER.

Highly Commended. Makes any Curve.

For sale everywhere, 14 inch, $1.50; 30 inch, $2.87. CIRCULAR GRATIS.

=FRANK W. DAVENPORT=, Patentee and Manufacturer,=
=Providence, R. I., U. S. A.=

=New York City. Room 217 Stewart Building.
C. POWELL KARR, C.E.
CONSULTING ARCHITECT.=

Plans and Specifications prepared for Heating, Lighting, Ventilation and Sanitation of Buildings.

SPECIAL ATTENTION DEVOTED TO THE INSPECTION AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES OF THEATERS, MUSIC HALLS, AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS.

=ALLEN B. RORKE,
Contractor and Builder,
423 WALNUT STREET,
PHILADELPHIA.=

MORSE ELEVATOR WORKS.

Morse, Williams & Co.
Successors to CLEM & MORSE,
BUILDERS OF ALL KINDS OF
Passenger and Freight ELEVATORS

Send for Circulars.
OFFICE: 411 CHERRY STREET.
Works: Frankford Avenue, Wildey and Shackamaxon Streets
PHILADELPHIA.
NEW YORK OFFICE: 108 Liberty Street.

PASSENGER ELEVATORS,
MANUFACTURED BY
HOWARD IRON WORKS,
BUFFALO, N. Y.

The Elevators in the State Capitol, Albany, New York, were built by us, and many others in some of the finest buildings in the country.

GRAVES’
ELEVATORS,
PASSENGER and FREIGHT,
MANUFACTURED BY
L. S., GRAVES & SON, Rochester, N. Y.
BRANCH OFFICE: 46 Cortlandt Street, New York.

JOHN WHEELER,

CARPENTER and BUILDER
——OF——
ORNAMENTAL RUSTIC
WORK

=Medals from American Institute=, And other Associations.

P. O. Box 140. =Cleveland St., Orange, N. J.=

LEPAGE’S

THE ONLY GENUINE

LIQUID GLUE]

UNEQUALLED for CEMENTING

wood, glass, china, paper, leather, &c. Always ready for use. _Pronounced strongest glue known._