Chapter C: B. Rogers & Co., Norwich, Conn., Wood Working Machinery of every

kind. See adv., page 348.

National Institute of Steam and Mechanical Engineering, Bridgeport, Conn. Blast Furnace Construction and Management. The metallurgy of iron and steel. Practical Instruction in Steam Engineering, and a good situation when competent. Send for pamphlet.

Reed's Sectional Covering for steam surfaces; any one can apply it; can be removed and replaced without injury. J. A. Locke, Agt., 32 Cortlandt St., N.Y.

Downer's Cleaning and Polishing Oil for bright metals, is the oldest and best in the market. Highly recommended by the New York, Boston, and other Fire Departments throughout the country. For quickness of cleaning and luster produced it has no equal. Sample five gallon can be sent C. O. D. for $8. A. H. Downer, 17 Peck Slip, New York.

Presses. Dies, and Tools for working Sheet Metal, etc. Fruit & other can tools. Bliss & Williams, B'klyn, N.Y.

For Pat. Safety Elevators, Hoisting Engines. Friction Clutch Pulleys, Cut-off Coupling, see Frisbie's ad. p. 349.

Nickel Plating.--Sole manufacturers cast nickel anodes, pure nickel salts, importers Vienna lime, crocus, etc. Condit. Hanson & Van Winkle, Newark, N. J., and 92 and 94 Liberty St., New York.

Sheet Metal Presses. Ferracute Co., Bridgeton, N. J.

Wright's Patent Steam Engine, with automatic cut off. The best engine made. For prices, address William Wright, Manufacturer, Newburgh, N. Y.

Machine Knives for Wood-working Machinery, Book Binders, and Paper Mills. Also manufacturers of Soloman's Parallel Vise, Taylor, Stiles & Co., Riegelsville, N. J.

Rollstone Mac. Co.'s Wood Working Mach'y ad. p. 366.

Silent Injector, Blower, and Exhauster. See adv. p. 380.

Fire Brick, Tile, and Clay Retorts, all shapes. Borgner & O'Brien, M'f'rs, 23d St., above Race, Phila., Pa.

Clark Rubber Wheels adv. See page 381.

Diamond Saws. J. Dickinson, 64 Nassau St., N.Y.

Steam Hammers, Improved Hydraulic Jacks, and Tube Expanders. R. Dudgeon, 24 Columbia St., New York.

Eclipse Portable Engine. See illustrated adv., p. 382.

Peerless Colors--For coloring mortar. French, Richards & Co., 410 Callowhill St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Tight and Slack Barrel machinery a specialty. John Greenwood & Co., Rochester, N. Y. See illus. adv. p. 380.

Elevators, Freight and Passenger, Shafting, Pulleys and Hangers. L. S. Graves & Son, Rochester, N.Y.

Steam Engines; Eclipse Safety Sectional Boiler. Lambertville Iron Works, Lambertville, N. J. See ad. p. 349.

Magic Lanterns, Stereopticons, and Views of all kinds and prices for public exhibitions. A profitable business for a person with small capital. Also lanterns for home amusement, etc. Send stamp for 116 page catalogue to McAllister, M'f'g Optician, 49 Nassau St., New York.

Lenses for Constructing Telescopes, as in Sci. Am. Supplement, No. 252, $6.50 per set; postage, 9 cts. The same, with eye piece handsomely mounted in brass, 8.00. McAllister, M'f'g Optician, 49 Nassau St., N. Y.

For best low price Planer and Matcher, and latest improved Sash, Door, and Blind Machinery, Send for catalogue to Rowley & Hermance, Williamsport, Pa.

The only economical and practical Gas Engine in the market is the new "Otto" Silent, built by Schleicher, Schumm & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Send for circular.

Penfield (Pulley) Blocks, Lockport N. Y. See ad. p. 381.

4 to 40 H. P. Steam Engines. See adv. p. 281.

Tyson Vase Engine, small motor. 1-33 H. P., efficient and non-explosive: price $50 See illus. adv., page 380.

For Yale Mills and Engines, see page 381.

Lightning Screw Plates and Labor-saving Tools. p. 333.

* * * * *

PATENTS ISSUED TO AMERICANS.

FROM NOVEMBER 9 TO NOVEMBER 12, 1880, INCLUSIVE.

Book binding, L. Finger, Boston, Mass.
Draining and sewerage. G. E. Waring Newport, R. I.
Electric gas lighter, G. D. Bancroft. Boston, Mass.
Electric signal. EH Johnson _et al._, Menlo Park, N. J.
Horse nail manufacture, S. S. Putnam. Boston, Mass.
Hygienic confection, T. S. Lambert _et al._, New York city.
Looms, F. O. Tucker, Hartford, Conn
Reflectors for lamps. J. S. Goldsmith, New York city.
Railroad vehicles, E. R. Esmond _et al._. New York city.
Sewing machine. G. F. Newell, Greenfield. Mass.
Steam boilers, D. Sutton. Cincinnati. Ohio.
Steam boilers, W. D. Dickey, New York city.
Toy money box, J. E. Walter. New York city.
Trucks, hand., E. J. Lyburn, Fredericksburg, U. S. A.

* * * * *

NOTES AND QUERIES

HINTS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

No attention will be paid to communications unless accompanied with the full name and address of the writer.

Names and addresses of correspondents will not be given to inquirers.

We renew our request that correspondents, in referring to former answers or articles, will be kind enough to name the date of the paper and the page, or the number of the question.

Correspondents whose inquiries do not appear after a reasonable time should repeat them. If not then published, they may conclude that, for good reasons, the Editor declines them.

Persons desiring special information which is purely of a personal character, and not of general interest, should remit from $1 to $5, according to the subject, as we cannot be expected to spend time and labor to obtain such information without remuneration.

Any numbers of the Scientific American Supplement referred to in these columns may be had at this office. Price 10 cents each.

* * * * *

(1) L. L. asks: 1. How can I grind and polish quartz and agate rock, and what kind of grinding and polishing material should I use? A. Quartz and agate are slit with a thin iron disk supplied with diamond dust moistened with brick oil. The rough grinding is done on a lead wheel supplied with coarse emery and water. The smoothing is done with a lead lap and fine emery, and the polishing may be accomplished by means of a lead lap, whose surface is hacked and supplied with rottenstone and water. 2. What is the best method of polishing steel? A. The usual method is to grind first on a coarse wet stone, then on a fine wet stone, then on a lead lap supplied with fine emery and oil, and finally polish on a buff wheel supplied with dry crocus and revolving rather slowly.

(2) R. L. J. asks how to make copying black and red inks. A. 1. Bruised Aleppo nutgalls, 2 lb.; water, 1 gallon; boil in a copper vessel for an hour, adding water to make up for that lost by evaporation; strain and again boil the galls with a gallon of water and strain; mix the liquors, and add immediately 10 oz. of copperas in coarse powder and 8 oz. of gum arabic; agitate until solution of these latter is effected, add a few drops of solution of potassium permanganate, strain through a piece of hair cloth, and after permitting to settle, bottle. The addition of a little extract of logwood will render the ink blacker when first written with. Half an ounce of sugar to the gallon will render it a good copying ink. 2. Shellac, 4 oz.; borax, 2 oz.; water, 1 quart; boil till dissolved, and add 2 oz. of gum arabic dissolved in a little hot water; boil and add enough of a well triturated mixture of equal parts indigo and lampblack to produce the proper color; after standing several hours draw off and bottle. 3. Half a drachm of powdered drop lake and 18 grains of powdered gum arabic dissolved in 3 oz. of ammonia water constitute one of the finest red or carmine inks.

(3) X. inquires: What is the rule for making a counterbalanced face wheel for engines? A. It is a common practice to place the counter weight directly opposite the crank, with its center of gravity at the same distance from the center of the shaft as the center of the crank pin, making its weight equal to weight of piston, piston rod, crosshead, and crank pin, plus half the weight of the connecting rod.

(4) A. R. asks: What is the best way to remove cinders from the eye? A. A small camel's hair brush dipped in water and passed over the ball of the eye on raising the lid. The operation requires no skill, takes but a moment, and instantly removes any cinder or particle of dust or dirt without inflaming the eye.

(5) D. F. H. asks: Can I move a piston in a half inch glass tube by the expansion of mercury? A. Yes, but you will require a long tube to get any appreciable motion of the piston.

(6) J. W. asks: What size of a bore and what length of a stroke I would want for a rocking valve engine of half a horse power? A. About 2 inches cylinder and 3 inch stroke, depending upon pressure and velocity.

(7) R. W. H. writes: In a recent discussion on hot air and steam portable engines it was decided to ask your opinion, which should be final. Water is scarce, though enough to use steam is easily procured. The country is hilly, so that lightness is desirable. The power wanted is 6 horse, and movable, that is, on wheels. Which will be best, hot air engine or steam engine? Which consumes most coal for a given power? Which will be cheapest in above case? A. For small powers the hot air engine is most economical, but we do not think it adapted to your purpose. We would recommend the steam engine for a portable power.

(8) J. C. T. writes: 1. I have a water tank for supplying my boiler, which is made of No. 22 galvanized iron; size 30 inches by 9 feet 4 inches. How many gallons will it hold? A. 342 gallons. 2. Will it be better to have it painted inside? A. Yes. 3. How many years will the tank wear under favorable circumstances, using well water? A. Depends upon the care taken of it.

(9) W. H. C. asks: Is there any way of deadening the noise of machinery overhead from the engine room below? The noise comes from machinery in the weave room of an alpaca mill. A. This is generally accomplished by setting the legs of the machines on thick pieces of India-rubber or other non-conductor of sound.

(10) G. H. asks: How can I mount photos on glass and color them? A. Take a strongly printed photograph on paper, and saturate it from the back with a rag dipped in castor oil. Carefully rub off all excess from the surface after obtaining thorough transparency. Take a piece of glass an inch larger all round than the print, pour upon it dilute gelatin, and then "squeegee" the print and glass together. Allow it to dry, and then work in artists' oil colors from the back until you get the proper effect from the front. Both landscapes and portraits can be effectively colored by the above method without any great skill being required.

(11) C. W. S. asks: 1. Is there any practical and effective method known for cutting screws by connecting the slide rest with the mandrel of the lathe by gears or otherwise? A. This can be done in this way: attach a spur wheel to the back of the face plate. Mount a similar wheel on a short hollow shaft, and support the shaft by an arm bolted to the lathe bed so that the two spur wheels will mesh together. Fit right and left hand leading screws to the hollow shaft of the second spur wheel, and drill a hole through them as well as through the hollow shaft to receive the fastening pin. Now remove the longitudinal feed screw of the slide rest and attach to one side of the carriage an adjustable socket for receiving nuts filled to the leading screws. The number of leading screws required will depend of course on the variety of threads it is desired to cut unless a change of gear is provided. 2. A writer in a foreign journal claims to make slides, or V-shaped pieces for slide rests, eccentric chucks, etc., on his lathe. Is any such process known here, or any process within the capabilities of an amateur mechanic by which the planing machine can be dispensed with? A. For small work held between the lathe centers a milling device fitted to the slide rest in place of the tool post will answer an excellent purpose. This device consists of a mandrel carrying at one end the cutter and at the other end a large pulley. This mandrel is journaled in a hinged frame supported by a block replacing the tool post, and is adjusted as to height by a screw passing through an arm projecting from the supporting block. The direction of the belt is adapted to this device by means of pulleys.

(12) J. E. B. asks: 1. What is the best turbine water wheel now in use? A. There are several wheels in market that seem equally good. You should examine all of them and decide from your own observation which is best. 2. What is the rule for finding the horse power of water acting through a turbine wheel which utilizes 80 per cent of the water? A. Finding the weight of water falling over the dam and its velocity in feet per minute, multiply the weight in pounds by the velocity, and the result is foot pounds, divided by 33,000, the quotient is theoretical horse power; if your wheel gives out 80 per cent. then 80 per cent of that result is the horse power of the wheel. 3. How can I calculate the capacity of a belt? A. You will find an exhaustive article on the subject of belts on pp. 101, 102, Vol. 42, Scientific American, which contains the information you desire. 4. What machine now in use is the best, all things considered, for the manufacture of ground wood pulp? Where are they manufactured? A. This information can probably be obtained by inserting an advertisement in the Business and Personal column of this paper.

(13) C. A. R writes: Wishing to renew my Leclanche batteries, which were giving out, I bought some new empty porous cells. Please give the following information: 1. Can I use the carbon plates of the old elements over again? If so, do they need to undergo any washing or soaking; or are they as good as ever? A. Yes. Soak them for a few hours in warm water. 2. Is there anything I must add to the granular manganese with which I fill the cells, in order to obtain maximum power and endurance? Some makers add pulverized or even coarsely broken carbon. Is it an advantage? A. It is an advantage to add granulated carbon to the manganese. Use equal parts of each. 3. What is the exact composition of the curdy mass which forms around and especially underneath the zincs of newly mounted and old gravity batteries. Is this substance formed naturally, or is it the result of using poor zinc or sulphate of copper? A. It is copper, and should be removed, for it weakens the battery. It is the result of placing the zinc in the sulphate of copper solution. 4. Is there any real advantage in amalgamating the zincs of the above batteries? A. No. 5. Is there a speedy way of cleaning them when coated with this substance? A. They can be cleaned by scraping. 6. At certain occasions my electric bells began ringing without anybody apparently closing the circuit. I often notice that if I unjoin the batteries and let them remain thus for a few hours, on reconnecting them the bells would work all right for a week, sometimes a fortnight, when the same trouble would again occur. Can you in any way explain this phenomenon? The batteries are not placed in a very dry part of the house, but the wires, which run pretty closely together, are nearly all exposed, so that I can control the slightest corrosion or uncovering of the conductors. A. There must be some accidental closing of the circuit. We could not explain the action of your line without seeing it.

(14) J. E. E. asks: What is the number of layers of wire, and the size used for the primary of the induction coil in the Blake transmitter, and as near as you can the amount used for secondary? A. For primary, use three layers of No. 20 magnet wire, and for the secondary use twelve or fourteen layers of No. 36 silk covered copper wire. The resistance of the secondary wire should be from 100 to 150 ohms.

(15) J. M. I. asks how to make a barometer by coloring ribbon, so that they will change color, indicating weather changes. A. Use a moderately strong solution of chloride of cobalt in water.

(16) O. C. H. writes: In reply to R. A. R., question 22, in Scientific American, December 4, I will say that some months ago I was engaged in running a saw mill, lathe, and shingle factory; was troubled with two hot boxes, and frequently had to stop and apply ice. Seeing in the Scientific American a reference to the use of plumbago, I sent for some, and after three or four applications was troubled no more with hot boxes.

(17) F. W. asks: What is the best way for return pipe to go into the boiler from radiators--steam at 60 lb. per square inch, fall 15 feet? A. If your job is properly piped you can bring your return pipe in at any convenient place in your boiler below the water line. If you go into the feed pipe, have your connection inside all other valves.

(18) L. T. G. writes: 1. I have four cells of carbon battery; the solutions are bichromate of potash and sulphuric acid. Also three cells of the Smee; sulphuric acid one part, to ten of water; and the four cells of the carbon battery are not sufficient to run my small electro-magnetic engine, for more than two or three minutes. I wish to know if it would be injurious to either one of the batteries if I should unite them both in one circuit, to run the engine, for about one or two hours at a time. A. The batteries will not be injured, but they will not work well together. Better increase the number of carbon elements. 2. Will either of the above batteries freeze in winter, or will cold weather affect their working? A. They will not freeze, but it is better to keep them at a temperature above freezing 3. Is it always best to use the largest wire in connecting batteries with any instrument, say, above No. 11 or No. 12 wire, as the larger the wire the less the resistance, thereby getting nearly the full power of the battery? A. Yes. 4. What purposes are quantity and intensity electricity best suited for respectively? A. Batteries are arranged for quantity or intensity according to the work to be done. The maximum effect is obtained when the battery elements are combined, so that the total resistance in the elements is equal to the resistance of the rest of the circuit.

(19) J. H. asks: Which would be the strongest, two 2-inch by 4-inch joists nailed together, or one 4-inch by 4-inch joist? A. One 4-inch by 4-inch.

(20) J. K. B. writes: I suppose every experimenter who uses a carbon battery has been troubled by the uncertainty of the carbon connection. The makers of the Grenet battery seem to have solved the problem. Can you tell us through your correspondence column what solder they use, and how they make it stick? A. The carbon is coated with copper by electro-deposition; this coating is readily soldered to the carbon support with common soft solder.

(21) M. D. M. asks: 1. Is there a difference in a steam engine between the boiler pressure and the pressure on the piston when the piston is moving 460 feet per minute? A. Yes. 2. About what difference? A. From 2 to 8 lb., depending upon size and length of steam pipe. 3. Does the difference between them vary with a difference in the motion of the piston in the same engine? A. Not appreciably within usual limits of speed.

(22) F. writes: We have just closed up our steam stone works for this season, and we wish to know what is best to coat the inside of our steam boilers to keep them from rusting. Some say black oil, and others common tallow: which do you recommend as the best? A. We think the black oil quite as good and cheaper than tallow. Have the surfaces thoroughly cleaned before applying the oil.

(23) O. H. asks for a cheap and easy way of amalgamating battery zincs. A. It depends on the kind of battery. In the Fuller the mercury is placed in the porous cell with the zinc. In bichromate batteries all that is necessary is to dip the zinc in the bichromate solution and then pour on a drop or two of mercury. It soon spreads over the entire surface of the zinc. Another method is to dip the zincs in dilute sulphuric acid and then pour on a little mercury, but these methods, except in the case of the Fuller battery, are wasteful of mercury. It is better to apply an amalgamating solution with a brush. This solution is made by dissolving one part (by weight) of mercury in five parts of nitro-muriatic acid (nitric acid one part, muriatic acid three parts), heating the solution moderately to quicken the action; and, after complete solution, add five parts more of nitro-muriatic acid.

(24) G. W. asks: 1. Would a perfectly round ball of the same specific gravity throughout lie still on a level surface? A. Yes. 2. Can a mechanic's square be made so true that a four-inch block may be made exactly square by such an instrument? A. Yes.

(25) W. H. asks: 1. What is the weight of a boiler 24 feet long, 44 inches diameter, ¼ inch thick? A. With two flues, 16 inches diameter, 6,900 lb. 2. What is the contents (in gallons) of a tank 15 feet deep, 10 feet in diameter, top and bottom diameters being equal? Please give me a formula. A. Area of 10 feet diameter = 78.54 x 15 feet deep = 1,178 cubic feet, and, allowing 7½ gallons per cubic foot = 1,178 x 7.5 = 8,835 gallons.

(26) C. L. W. writes: I have constructed a small induction coil to be used for giving shocks. It is 3 inches long. The primary coil is wound with 3 layers of No. 18 cotton covered wire, and the secondary consists of about 12 layers of No. 38 silk covered. 1. How many cells and what kind of battery shall I use to get the best results? A. For temporary use one cell of Grenet battery would answer, but for continued use some form of sulphate of copper battery is to be preferred. 2. Is it necessary that the spring and screw in the interrupter should be coated with platinum? A. Yes; otherwise they would soon burn out.

(27) H. C. P. writes: In the Scientific American of September 18, Mr. B. Y. D., query 26, asks whether a sun dial, made for latitude 48° 15', can be utilized in latitude 38° 50' for showing correct time. To make his dial available in the lower latitudes, he has only to lift the south side, so as to give the face a slope to the north, equal to the difference of the latitude, in this case 9° 25'. For then the plane of the gnomon being in the plane of the meridian, the edge of the gnomon casting the shadow will be parallel with the earth's axis; and the face of the dial will be parallel with the horizon of the latitude for which the dial was made, and the graduation will show the time required; that is, on the supposition that it was correctly made, and for a horizontal dial.

(28) O. M. M. asks for a cheap process of plating steel case knives with tin. A. Clean the metal thoroughly by boiling in strong potash water, rinsing, pickling in dilute sulphuric acid, and scouring with a stiff brush and fine sand. Pass through strong aqueous salammoniac solution, then plunge in hot oil (palm or tallow). When thoroughly heated remove and dip in a pot of fused tin (grain tin) covered with tallow. When tinned, drain in oil pot and rub with a bunch of hemp. Clean and polish in hot sawdust.

(29) V. R. P. writes: I have an aquarium which contains 4-2/3 gallons of water. How many fish must I have in it--average length of fish 1½ to 2 inches to insure the health of the fish? At present, I refill the aquarium semi-weekly. Please tell me a process by which I can lengthen the time. A. Put in three fish, 1½ inches in length, to one gallon of water, one small bunch of fresh water plants to one gallon of water. Tadpoles (after they have cast their branchia or gills), newts, and rock fish can be used to the extent of six to the gallon. The aquatic plants will supply the fish with sufficient oxygen, so that the water will seldom require changing.

(30) A. S. writes: I am about to construct an aqueduct 1,200 feet in length, the water level differing 40 feet. By placing a forcing pump in the valley I could then raise the water to a height of 40 feet, and having erected a tank at that height and connected it by means of pipes with another tank 1,200 feet distant, but on the same level, the water according to a law of nature would travel over the distance of 1,200 feet. But finding it very difficult to erect tank 40 feet high, I would prefer to construct the whole on the incline. Will the forcing pump having just power enough to raise the water 40 feet perpendicularly into the tank have sufficient power to force it into a tank of the same elevation through 1,200 feet of pipe running on the incline, or must I have more power, and how much more? A. The forcing pump must have enough more power to overcome its own additional friction and the friction of water in the long inclined pipe. Allow 20 per cent more power at least.

* * * * *

MINERALS, ETC.--Specimens have been received from the following correspondents, and examined, with the results stated:

Box marked C. H. (no letter.)--1. and 2. Garnetiferous quartz rock. 3 and 4. Micaceous quartz rock. 5. Granite. 6. Basalt with traces of chalcopyrite.--L. C. G.--They are fossil sharks' teeth, common in marl beds.--J. E. C.--1. Iron sulphide and lead sulphide. 2. Quartzite, with traces of galena and molybdic sulphide. 3 and 4. Dolomite. 5. Fossiliferous argillaceous limestone, containing traces of lead sulphide. 6. Lead sulphide in argillite.--C. T. M.--1. A silicious kaolin. 2. Similar to No. 1. Useful if mixed with finer clay for white ware. 3. Silicions carbonate of lime--some of this would probably make fair cement. 4. Brick--the clay from which this was made would probably be useful to potters. 5 and 6 are very silicious clays.

* * * * *

COMMUNICATIONS RECEIVED.

Liniment. By J. L. T.

Seen and Tangible and the Unseen and Intangible. By J.L.T.

On Cheap Railroads. By R. P. N.

On a Meteor. By W. E. C.

* * * * *

[OFFICIAL.]

INDEX OF INVENTIONS

FOR WHICH

Letters Patent of the United States were Granted in the Week Ending:

November 16, 1880,

AND EACH BEARING THAT DATE.

[Those marked (r) are reissued patents.]

* * * * *

A printed copy of the specification and drawing of any patent in the annexed list, also of any patent issued since 1866, will be furnished from this office for one dollar. In ordering please state the number and date of the patent desired and remit to Munn & Co., 37 Park Row, New York city. We also furnish copies of patents granted prior to 1866; but at increased cost, as the specifications not being printed, must be copied by hand.

Alloy for coating metals, J. B. Jones 234,482 Axle box, car, H. Hazel 234,568 Bag holder and truck therefor, L. H. Aldrich 234,381 Baling press, W. Duke 234,549 Band cutting and removing apparatus. W. Gray 234,561 Basket splints, machine for shaving, A. B. Fisher 234,398 Belt shifting mechanism for washing machines, L. Sternberger 234,439 Belt shipper, B. H. Hadley 234,563 Bias cutter, W. F. Hood 234,476 Bit brace, N. Spofford 234,624 Bit stock, Q. S. Backus 234,517 Book case, M. C. Dodge 234,461 Book holder, W. B. Daugherty 234,460 Boot and shoe heel, J. G. Ross 234,430 Boot and shoe soles, machine for forming imitation fair stitches to the edges of, Tayman & Bennor 234,503 Boot treeing machine, E. F. Grandy 234,401 Borer and excavotor, earth, J. W. Carley 234,532 Bottle wrapper, M. V. Kacer 234,582 Bridle front, B. A. Wilson 234,445 Buckle, D. C. Bassett 234,453 Buckle, harness, B. H. Cross 234,394 Butter worker, Cornish & Curtis 234,459 Button and stud, N. Nelson 234,604 Buttonhole for cuffs, etc., C. H. Shaw 234,620 Can, E. P. Fox 234,465 Can opener, W. E. Brock 234,527 Car brake, G. Bressler 234,525 Car brake, C. V. Rote 234,493 Car brake, G. A. Small 234,622 Car coupling, W. I. Ely 234,550 Car door fastener, Briggs & Dougherty 234,526 Car, railway, G. L. Waitt 234,507 Car starter, J. Ladner 234,590 Car, stock, W. Neracher 234,420 Car wheel, E. L. Taylor 234,502 Cars, shield for railway Mason & Hanson 234,416 Caster, trunk, J. Simmons 234,496 Chain, J. M. Dodge 234,548 Chains, device for making, H. Wexel 234,444 Chair, W. R. Clough 234,537 Chandelier, extension, T. D. Hotchkiss 234,477 Cheese curd sifter and picker, F. M. Cummings 234,543 Churn, M. F. Mitchel 234,418 Clock, traveling, H. Reinecke 234,612 Clock winding and gas cock mechanism, combined, G. P. Ganster 234,557 Clothes wringer, S. Huffman 234,577 Coal fork, T. R. Way 234,633 Coin, device for holding, counting, and delivering, Van Slyke & Nesom 234,441 Collar and cuff folding machine, M. Hermann 234,571 Confectioners' forms and their application, W. E. H. Sommer 234,623 Corn husks, apparatus for cutting, W. A. Wright 234,640 Corn husks, disintegrating, W. A. Wright 234,641 Corset, C. F. Allen 234,380 Cotton picker, G. Risler 234,613 Cotton press, S. Stucky 234,626 Cradle and carriage, combined, G. F. Doyle 234,547 Crank movements, apparatus for overcoming the dead point in, P. E. Jay 234,496 Crimping pin, C. D. Thompson 234,629 Cuff fastener and supporter, A. B. Case 234,533 Cultivator and seeder, combined, J. D. Chichester 234,390 Current and tide water wheel, H. Fake 234,396 Currycomb, M. Sweet 234,501 Curtain fixture, H. Seehausen 234,495 Draught equalizer, F. H. Sandefer 234 625 Drawer lock, G. E. Bendix 234,454 Drilling machine, T. Naish 234,603 Drip pan for oil barrels, C. E. Laverty 234,411 Electric light burner, J. Sarcia 234,618 Electric lights or motors, automatic cut-out apparatus for, C. F. Brush 234,456 Electric machines, rotating armature for dynamo, E. Weston 234,443 Electrical switch board, J. W. See 234,432 Embroidering machines, jacquard attachment for, M. Umstadter (r) 9,470, 9,471 End board, wagon, H. A. Riggs 234,614 Excelsior machine, C. Howes 234,475 Explosive compound, C. A. Morse 234,489 Eyeglasses, R. Kabus 234.581 Faucet attachment, C. A. Raggio 234,429 Feed bag, T. R. Lowerre 234,593 Fence post, wire, Ticknor & Bebee 234,440 Ferric oxide and cupric chloride, manufacture of, J. F. N. Macay 234,595 Filter, coffee and tea, T. Fitzgerald, Jr. 234,556 Filter, reversible, R. S. Jennings 234,408 Firearm, breech-loading, J. L. Volkel 234,632 Fire escape, Quintavalle & Lindberg 234,611 Fires, process of and apparatus for extinguishing, J. H. Campbell 234,531 Foot, artificial, A. A. Marks 234,596 Fruit drier, G. P. & L. J. Lee 234,412 Fuel burning apparatus, J. Wolstenholme 234,448 Galvanic battery, G. L. Leclanché 234,413 Gas making apparatus, C. F. Dieterich 234,546 Gas pressure regulator, P. Noyes 234,421 Gas, process of and apparatus for manufacturing illuminating, Granger & Collins, Jr. 234,400 Gate, L. P. Allen 234,515 Gate, D. B. Hamilton 234,471 Gate, K. A. Scott 234,619 Gears, machine for cutting the teeth of metal, W. Gleason (r) 9,468 Gears, machine for cutting the teeth of wooden, W. Gleason (r) 9,469 Glassware, mould for pressed, W. Haley 234,564 Glove, R. D. Burr 234,528 Grain binder, C. B. Withington 234,638 Harness, C. E. Berry 234,519 Harness, suspending swinging, C. E. Berry 234,520 Harrow, W. H. Hulings 234,576 Harrow and cultivator tooth, G. C. Winslow 234,639 Hat body, W. W. Thoman 234,505 Hat ironing machine, Hedden & McCormick 234,569 Hatchway door mechanism, J. W. Evans 234,464 Hay press, B. M. Watts 234,509 Head light, locomotive, W. Kelley 234,410 Hides, machine for shaving wool or hair from, J. Curson 234,542 Hinge, gate, J. L. Anderson 234,382 Hopple, C. J. Gustaveson 234,562 Hydrocarbon burner, D. M. Graham 234,468 Hydrocarbon furnace, W. D. Dickey 234,395 Ice cutting machine, E. S. Field 234,397 Inhaler, gas, H. R. Hurd 234,479 Instep holder, McKay & Fairfield 234,488 Insulator, telegraph, C. Bigeon 234,523 Iron with oxide, coating, G. & A. S. Bower 234,524 Iron with zinc and alloys of zinc, coating, J. B. Jones 234,481 Ironing machine, J. Vandercar 234,631 Jewelers' use, tool for, L. G. Grady 234,560 Keg, lager beer, J. B. Hayden 234,473 Knitting machines, feed mechanism for circular, H. Clarke 234,535 Knob attachment, W. H. Gonne 234,466 Ladder, C. D. Cannon 234,389 Lantern holder, P. G. Stephenson 234,500 Lathe, gauge, F. W. Clough 234,536 Life preserver, C. D. Oatman 234,606 Lightning guard for oil tanks, A. A. Knudson 234,484 Limb, artificial, A. A. Marks 234,597 Lock, A. Lemke 234,592 Lock cylinder, H. R. Towne 234,630 Loom. A. L. & C. L. Bigsby 234,521 Lubricating apparatus, automatic, G. W. Baker 234,383 Machine brake, automatic, E. Pitman 234,426 Magnet, relay or sounder, G. Little 234,415 Malt, compressed, Prendergast & Free 234,428 Marble, etc., composition for cleaning, G. P. Cole 234,539 Meat cutter, R. Hübner. 234,470 Meat cutting machine, L. Steigert 234,499 Mercurial fumes, apparatus for condensing, T. W. Dresser 234,462 Metals from their ores, machine for separating precious, G. Hall 234,565 Mirror hanger, C. W. Prescott 234,609 Moulding machines, apparatus for turning cutters for, L. Wenchel 234,635 Mower, lawn, H. G. Fiske 234,553 Musical string instruments, key for, J. Singer 234,643 Needle wrapper, J. M. Woodward 234,514 Optometer, A. Mayer 234,598 Overalls, A. Clement 234,391 Overalls, L. H. Wise 234,512 Packing case, folding, W. H. Yaxley 234,450 Paint cans, machine for filling, W. M. Shoemaker 234,434 Pantaloons elevator, C. B. Plympton 234,427 Paper bag machine, O. E. Davidson 234,544 Paper cutting machine, J. M. Jones 234,409 Paper feeding machine, Griffith & Byrne 234,469 Paper, machine for fringing, S. Garrett 234,399 Paper machine pulp screen, S. L. Gould 234,559 Paper pulp digesters, etc., slide valve gate for, J. Saunders 234,431 Paper pulp pail, E. Hubbard 234,405 Paner tool, H. Dewey 234,545 Planter, check row seed, G. W. Fink 234,555 Planter, corn, Wickey & Brown 234,447 Planter, cotton seed, J. H. Walker 234,508 Plow and seed planter, combined, Sapp & Mantz 234,616 Plow, sulky, W. H. Ryer 234,615 Plumbers' traps, machine for making, F. N. Du Bois 234,463 Pocket, S. Marcus 234,487 Pocketbook, H. J. Lehman 234,414 Portable engine boiler, D. M. Swain. 234,627 Preparations melting under 32° Fahrenheit, apparatus therefor, and their application, S. H. Rouart 234,494 Preserving animal and vegetable substances, compound for, J. Hauff 234,567 Pressure regulator, fluid, N. C. Locke (r) 9,466 Printing machines, stretching and drying apparatus for calico, F. J. Crowley 234,541 Printing presses, traversing inking roller for, A. Shedlock 234,433 Propelling vessels, mechanism for, B. Palmer 234,607 Pulley attachment, F. A. Kittell 234,585 Pump, P. E. Jay 231,407 Pump, L. M. Canavel 234,583 Pump, air, W. Auteurietti 234,516 Pump bucket, chain, Laraway & Rockwell 234,588 Pump, diaphragm ship's, J. Edson 234,551 Pump, steam, E. E. Miller 234,601 Radiator, steam, H. Mooers 234,419 Railway chair, J. H. Collingwood 234,458 Railway fish plate, W. Butcher 234,529 Railway signal, pneumatic, J. A. Emery 234,552 Railway signaling apparatus, F. J. Wenker 234,636 Railway switch, T. Solt 234,436 Railway time signal, H. A. Wayne 234,634 Refrigerator, S. B. Clemmens 234,457 Riddle and sieve, E. Oliver 234,605 Roofing and paving material, C. M. Warren 234,412 Roofing composition, C. F. Pearson 234,425 Rudders, raising and lowering ships', R. F. Loper, Jr. 234,594 Saccharine substances, treatment and preparation of, M. Weinrich 234,510, 234,511 Sash fastening, Burgess & Sanford 234,387 Seed huller, cotton, S. Kitchens, Sr. 234,584 Sewing machine, Koch & Wiese 234,587 Sewing machine, E. T. Thomas 234,628 Sewing machine, boot and shoe, E. Woodward 234,513 Sewing machine, button hole, J. H. Applegate 234,451 Sewing machine quilting gauge, J. H. Lavance 234,485 Sewing machine treadle, R. Steel 234,498 Seeding machines, spring hoe attachment for, S. B. Hart 234,566 Shirt, C. A. Gilbert 234,558 Sink outlet cover, J. W. Grows 234,102 Skate, roller, M. C. Henley 234,404 Smoke and gas consuming furnace, W. C. P. Bissell 234,885 Snow scraping machine, G. B. Gruman 234,470 Soda water and other liquids, apparatus for cooling, A. D. Puffer (r) 9,465 Soldering irons, rotary benzine furnace for heating, G. H. Perkins 234,424 Sole edge burnishing machine, Tayman & Bennor 234,504 Spinning frames, mechanism for supporting the spindles of ring, J. Birkenhead 234,522 Spout, sap, I. H. Spelman 234,437 Steam pipes, etc., covering for, J. Merriam 234,417 Steam trap, J. H. Blessing 234,886 Stencil, D. W. Ream 234,492 Stereotype matrices, drying, W. J. Johnson 234,480 Stove, gasoline, W. C. North 234,491 Stove grate, G. Froh (r) 9,463 Stove pipe shelf, S. Ayres 234,452 Stoves, portable extension top for, J. H. Hutchinson 234,575 String instruments, key for tuning, J. Singer 234,642 Telegraph, duplex. A. Muirhead 234,490 Telephone, J. H. Irwin 234,579 Telephone, speaking, S. D. Field 234,554 Telephone system, G. D'Infreville 234,578 Thill coupling, P. Klipple 234,483 Thill coupling. L. B. Lathrop 234,591 Thrashing or hulling cylinder, J. I. McClung 234,599 Thread cutter, M. D. Barringer 234,384 Tinned metal plates by heat and pressure, automatic apparatus for uniting, G. H. Perkins 234,423 Tobacco curing apparatus, A. Gordon 234,467 Tobacco leaves, apparatus for coloring, J. M. Henningsen 234,474 Tobacco, marking plug, W. Painter 234,608 Toilet case, C. Carroll 234,388 Tongue hound for wagons, R. W. McClelland 234,600 Tongue support, wagon. G. F. Wingate 234,446 Tool shank, A. H. Suplee (r) 9,472 Toothpick, E. Osgood 234,422 Toy horse and wagon, F. W. Carpenter 234,534 Toy money bank, C. A. Bailey 234,518 Truck. E. J. Leyburn 234,486 Trucks, rub iron for car, D. E. Small 234,621 Valve, J. P. Hillard 234,573 Valve, balanced, Moore & Pertz 234,602 Vehicle bow trimming, H. Higgin 234,574 Vehicle sand band, J. Hitchcock 234,572 Vehicle seat, F. Oppenheim (r) 9,464 Vehicle spring, G. E. Harris 234,403 Vehicle wheel, J. Ladner 234,589 Vehicle wheel, C. H. Triphagen 234,506 Wagon brake, Whitman & Igon 234,637 Wagon brake shoe, C. A. Skene 234,435 Washing machine, J. G. Crawford 234,393 Washing machine, L. Sternberger 234,438 Watch, acoustic, G. A. Bowen 234,455 Watch case, W. Calame 234,530 Watches, roller abstractor for, B. Frese (r) 9,467 Water closet, S. S. Hellyer 234,570 Water elevator, J. R. Cluxton 234,538 Wells, drilling machine for Artesian and oil, F. Knowlan 234,586 Whiffletree hook, C. Wright 234,449 Wind wheel, J. Sander 234,617 Windmill, Coriell & Adams 234,392 Windmill, W. C. Jacob 234,580 Wood, ornamenting, Pruyn & Hyatt 234,610 Wood turning machine, F. Hanson 234,472 Wrench and screw driver, comb'd, J. K. Collins 234,540

* * * * *

DESIGNS.

Coffin screw, E. A. Cuppers 12,033 Gem setting, Vennin & Peltier 12,037 Lamp bracket, F. R. Seidensticker 12,036 Stove, cooking, H. L. Fennell 12,034 Type, font of printing, J. K. Rogers 12,035

* * * * *

TRADE MARKS.

Fish, manufactured, Ferguson, Walker & Co 8,091 Hats, gentlemen's and boys' and ladies' and misses' soft felt, Topping Maynard & Hobron 8,096 Tobacco, plug, G. Wittler 8,097 Jewelry, comprising lace pins, scarf pins, earrings, ear drops, brooches studs, sleeve buttons, and scarf rings. Howard & Scherrieble 8,095 Soap, J. Oakley & Co. 8,094 Tobacco, smoking and chewing, Wilson & McCallay 8,092, 8,093 Yarn, cotton and woolen darning, H. C. Conkle 8,090

* * * * *

ADVERTISEMENTS.

Inside page, each insertion--75 cents a line. Back page, each insertion--$1.00 a line.

_Engravings may head advertisements at the same rate per line, by measurement, as the letter press. Advertisements must be received at publication office as early as Thursday morning to appear in next issue._

The publishers of this paper guarantee to advertisers a circulation of not less than 50,000 copies every weekly issue.

* * * * *

A SPLENDID HOLIDAY GIFT.

DR. SCOTT'S ELECTRIC HAIR BRUSH.

A REMARKABLE INVENTION,

Which has won its way to Royal favor in England, been cordially indorsed by the Prince and Princess of Wales, and written upon by the Rt. Hon. W. E. Gladstone, is now brought to the notice of the American public. It cures by natural means, will always do good, never harm, and is a remedy lasting for many years. It should be used daily in place of the ordinary Hair Brush. The Brush Handle is made of a new odorless composition resembling ebony; a combination of substances PRODUCING A PERMANENT ELECTRIC VOLTAIC CURRENT WHICH ACTS IMMEDIATELY UPON THE HAIR GLANDS AND FOLLICLES. This power can always be tested by a silver compass which accompanies each Brush.

IT IS WARRANTED TO CURE NERVOUS HEADACHE IN 5 MINUTES!!! CURE NEURALGIA IN 6 MINUTES!! PREVENT FALLING HAIR AND BALDNESS!! CURE DANDRUFF & DISEASES OF THE SCALP!! PROMPTLY ARRESTS PREMATURE GRAYNESS!! MAKES THE HAIR GROW LONG & GLOSSY!! IMMEDIATELY SOOTHES THE WEARY BRAIN MONEY RETURNED IF NOT AS REPRESENTED.

IT RARELY FAILS TO PRODUCE A RAPID GROWTH OF HAIR ON BALD HEADS, WHERE THE GLANDS and FOLLICLES ARE NOT TOTALLY DESTROYED.

Proprietors: The Pall Mall Electric Association of London.

5th New York Branch: 842 Broadway.

[From the Mayor of Saratoga.]

August 12, 1880.

"I cheerfully testify to the merits of Dr. Scott's Electric Hair Brush. It cures my headaches within a few minutes. I am so pleased with it I purchased another for my wife. It is an excellent Hair Brush, well worth the price, aside from its curative powers."

JAS. B. CHAPMAN.

[From Rev. Dr. Bridgeman.]

Brooklyn, June 1st, 1880.

"Gents: I have never before given a testimonial, but am willing to encourage the use of an honest remedy. I am so Pleased with your Hair Brush that I deem it my duty to write you recommending it most cordially. My hair, about a year since, commenced falling out, and I was rapidly becoming bald; but since using the Brush a thick growth of hair has made its appearance, quite equal to that which I had previous to its falling out. I have tried other remedies, but with no success. After this remarkable result I purchased one for my wife, who has been a great sufferer from headache, and she finds it a prompt and infallible remedy."

A. C. Bridgeman, D. D.

218 Pulton Street, New York, August 31, 1880.

"I would Not take $1,000 for my Brush If I could not replace it."

PLINY F. SMITH.

Mr. Smith is a gentleman well known in this City as a Law Publisher, and also as a Director in several Public Institutions of New York.

"Domestic" Sewing Machine Co., New York, August 16, 1880.

DR. GEO. A. SCOTT--Dear Sir: Permit me to add the testimony of my wife to that of the many others who have been benefited by the use of your Electric Brush. She has for years been a sufferer from Neuralgia in an acute form, but since I obtained for her one of your Brushes, she has experienced entire relief. Please accept her sincere thanks.--HENRY BARTLETT.

Round Lake Camp-Meeting Grounds, Saratoga Co., N. Y., June 8, 1880.

Your Brush is certainly a remarkable cure. I am highly pleased with it. Its effect is most wonderful, and you may be sure I shall recommend it heartily among my friends. It is also a splendid Hair Brush, well worth the money, and will last me for years.--Rev. J. D. ROGERS, Superintendent.

Mention this Paper. Over 7,000 similar Testimonials can be seen at our office.

Remember that this is NOT a "metallic" wire brush, but made of PURE BRISTLES.

A BEAUTIFUL BRUSH, LASTING FOR YEARS.

We will send it, postpaid, on receipt of $3.00; or by Express C. O. D. at your expense, with privilege of opening and examining. Or request your nearest Druggist or Fancy Store to obtain one for you, FROM US.

MONEY RETURNED IF NOT AS REPRESENTED.

As soon as you receive the Brush, if not well satisfied with your bargain, write us, and we will return the money. What can be fairer?

This paper will not knowingly publish any humbug, and I have placed a Brush in the hands of Mayor Cooper and Postmaster James of New York, as a guarantee of my good faith.

UP Remittances should be made payable to GEO. A. SCOTT, 842A Broadway, New York. Agents wanted in every town.

They can be made in checks, drafts, post office orders, or currency. Inclose 10 cents for registration, and we guarantee safe delivery of Brush.

* * * * *

THE SWISS WARBLER OR MOCKING-BIRD WHISTLE

IT IMITATES EVERY SOUND IN THE ANIMAL KINGDOM FROM THE THRILL OF THE NIGHTINGALE TO THE HOWL OF THE WOLF

AFTER A LITTLE PRACTICE YOUR MOUTH WILL SEEM TO BE A COMPLETE MENAGERIE

YOU can raise a laugh or pierceing cry of horror at pleasure. Sample by mail, only 10 cts., 6 for 25 cts., 15 for 50cts. Valuable catalogue of agent's goods free.

WORLD MANUFACTURING CO., 122 Nassau Street, New York.

* * * * *

STEAM BOILERS;

THEIR DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, AND MANAGEMENT. BY WILLIAM M. SHOCK, Chief of Bureau of Steam Engineering, United States Navy.

In one large quarto volume of 480 pages, and illustrated with 150 wood-cuts and 36 full-page plates (20 of which are double). Bound in half crimson Morocco, gilt tops.

Price $15