Chapter IX: Part III: Technical (3)

(8) Falling inwards when making a down-hill curve. Lean forward!
Throw the weight on to the lower ski.

(9) Telemark swing. Can’t get round. Raise heel of the back foot.

(10) Christiania swing. Ski runs off at a tangent. Hold ski
together. Swing on both of them.

(11) Not learning to turn to both right and left. Don’t keep on
practising that which you can already do.

(12) Dropping over a jump without sats, or recklessly hurling
yourself over. Both forms of funking. Keep cool and think of your
form.

(13) Jumping too late. Don’t go quite so fast, and begin to
straighten up earlier.

(14) General stiffness. Don’t get into any fixed style of
running. Keep on changing your ground and trying new things.

SKI-RUNNING ETIQUETTE.

Introductions are very informal on the snow.

You may ask anybody for advice, and be certain of receiving a polite answer, provided that you yourself are polite, and that your question is not idiotic.

If you contemplate joining a touring party, you should ask somebody who is going, and who has already made a tour with you, whether you are likely to be welcome. If he hesitates, don’t go. If he assents, go by all means, even though you may be doubtful whether you are up to the work in hand.

You should not instantly rush to the assistance of a lady who may have fallen. Do not let your gallantry get the better of your common sense.

In Norway ladies put on their own ski, and manage their own bindings, and it is not good manners to offer to assist them. Would that the custom extended to Switzerland!

However amusing your conversation may be, you should refrain from chattering during a long climb. Not everybody’s wind or everybody’s temper is perfect.

You will not add to your popularity on tour by continually accepting hospitality at the hands of others, especially if your water-bottle be small, and you carry no repairing outfit.

You should pay up punctually, and without demur, to the man who finances a touring party; it is at least ten to one that he is out of pocket, anyway.

It is a gross breach of manners to tread on the back of another man’s ski. You should at once apologise and fall back five yards.

You should not come plumping over a jump which others have been at some pains to construct, without first asking their leave, and it is always your solemn duty to repair as well as possible any damage you may occasion to the track.

Unless you are really a very good runner, it is better not to imitate too closely the Norwegian style of dress. People may be disappointed.

Always be polite in your dealings with foreigners, and you will seldom have cause to complain of their want of manners.

SOME USEFUL FIGURES.

1 inch = ·0254 metres
1 foot = ·3048 metres
1 yard = ·9144 metres
1000 metres = 3280 feet
1000 feet = 304·8 metres
1 metre = 39·370 inches[11]
″ = 3·280 feet
″ = 1·0933 yards
1 kilometre = 1093·3 yards
8 kilometres = 4·969 miles
″ ″ = 5 miles, less 50 yards

FRANCE AND SWITZERLAND AND ITALY.

£4 = 100 francs
4- = 5 francs
1/- = 1·25 francs
100 francs = 80 /-
5 francs = 4/-
1 franc = -/9½ about

NORWAY, &C.

£1 = 18·2 kroner
1 krone = 1/1¼ about

GERMANY.

£1 = 20·4 marks
1 mark = -/11¾ about

AUSTRIA, &C.

£1 = { 24 kronen
{ 10·2 florins or gulden
1 krone = -/10
1 florin or gulden = 1/11½

* * * * *

1 kilogramme = 2·2046 pounds avoirdupois.
In trade 1 kilogramme is reckoned 10 per cent. more than 2lb.
11lb. = 5 kilogrammes.

* * * * *

_Temperature falls about_

1° Fahrenheit for every 300ft. rise
or, say,
1° Cent. for every 200 metres.

THERMOMETER.

_Comparison between Scales of Fahrenheit, Réaumur, and the Centigrade._

CENT. FAH’T. RMR.
° ° °
100B. 212B. 80B.
99 210·2 79·2
98 208·4 78·4
97 206·6 77·6
96 204·8 76·8

95 203 76
94 201·2 75·2
93 199·4 74·4
92 197·6 73·6
91 195·8 72·8

90 194 72
89 192·2 71·2
88 190·4 70·4
87 188·6 69·6
86 186·8 68·8

85 185 68
84 183·2 67·2
83 181·4 66·4
82 179·6 65·6
81 177·8 64·8

80 176 64
79 174·2 63·2
78 172·4 62·4
77 170·6 61·6
76 168·8 60·8

75 167 60
74 165·2 59·2
73 163·4 58·4
72 161·6 57·6
71 159·8 56·8

70 158 56
69 156·2 55·2
68 154·4 54·4
67 152·6 53·6
66 150·8 52·8

65 149 52
64 147·2 51·2
63 145·4 50·4
62 143·6 49·6
61 141·8 48·8

60 140 48
59 138·2 47·2
58 136·4 46·4
57 134·6 45·6
56 132·8 44·8

55 131 44
54 129·2 43·2
53 127·4 42·4
52 125·6 41·6
51 123·8 40·8

50 122 40
49 120·2 39·2
48 118·4 38·4
47 116·8 37·6
46 114·8 36·8

45 113 36
44 111·2 35·2
43 109·4 34·4
42 107·6 33·6
41 105·8 32·8

40 104 32
39 102·2 31·2
38 100·4 30·4
37 98·6 29·6
36 96·8 28·8

35 95 28
34 93·2 27·2
33 91·4 26·4
32 89·6 25·6
31 87·8 24·8

30 86 24
29 84·2 23·2
28 82·4 22·4
27 80·6 21·6
26 78·8 20·8

25 77 20·0
24 75·2 19·2
23 73·4 18·4
22 71·6 17·6
21 69·8 16·8

20 68 16
19 66·2 15·2
18 64·4 14·4
17 62·6 13·6
16 60·8 12·8

15 59 12
14 57·2 11·2
13 55·4 10·4
12 53·6 9·6
11 51·8 8·8

10 50 8
9 48·2 7·2
8 46·4 6·4
7 44·6 5·6
6 42·8 4·8

5 41 4
4 39·2 3·2
3 37·4 2·4
2 35·6 1·6
1 33·8 0·8

Zero 32 Zero
1 30·2 0·8
2 28·4 1·6
3 26·6 2·4
4 24·8 3·2

5 23 4
6 21·2 4·8
7 19·4 5·6
8 17·6 6·4
9 15·8 7·2

10 14 8
11 12·2 8·8
12 10·4 9·6
13 8·6 10·4
14 6·8 11·2

15 5 12
16 3·2 12·8
17 1·4 13·6
18 -- 14·4
19 2·2 15·2

20 4 16
21 5·8 16·8
22 7·6 17·6
23 9·4 18·4
24 11·2 19·2

25 13 20
26 14·8 20·8
27 16·6 21·6
28 18·4 22·4
29 20·2 23·2

30 22 24
31 23·8 24·8
32 25·6 25·6
33 27·4 26·4
34 29·2 27·2

35 31 28
36 32·8 28·8
37 24·6 29·6
38 36·4 29·6
39 38·2 31·2

40 40 32
41 41·8 32·8
42 43·6 33·6
43 45·4 34·4
44 47·2 35·2

45 49 36
46 50·8 36·8
47 52·6 37·6
48 54·4 38·4
49 56·2 39·2

_Advertisements._

=Outfit= FOR EVERY
SPORT.

=SKI= from all the best makers in Norway, Germany, Austria, and
Switzerland.

=FASTENINGS= of every description, including the “Alpine” and the
“Ellefsen.”

=CLOTHING= of the best quality and design, ready made or to order.

=BERCOLIN= (in tubes), the best ski-wax, and other lubricants.

=EVERYTHING= required by ski-runners, mountaineers, tobogganers,
skaters, and tourists.

* * * * *

E. DETHLEFFSEN & CO., =BERNE=, CHRISTOFFELGASSE 7.
BERR & CO., ″ ″ =VIENNA=, MARIAHILFER STR. 1C.
H. SGHWAIGER, ″ ″ =MUNICH=, WEIN STR.(RATHAUS).

_Three Names._ _Three Countries._ _One Quality._

_J. Dege & Sons_,

ESTABLISHED 1865,

Military and Sporting Tailors and Breeches Makers.

LEATHERS AND ALL HUNTING SPECIALITIES.

Messrs. J. Dege & Sons beg to announce to the readers of this Manual that they have, after the most careful inquiry as to the requirements of that most attractive and exciting sport SKI-RUNNING, perfected an Outfit best suited for the purpose.

It consists of a Snowproof Suit suitable for the Sport, which at the same time is porous; and our Special Ski Cap of the same material.

Telegraphic Address: Telephone:
HARK FORWARD, LONDON. 6440 GERRARD.

13, CONDUIT STREET.

DOWIE & MARSHALL

MAKE

“LAUPAR SKO”
MOUNTAINEERING
AND ALL KINDS OF
PRACTICAL AND
COMFORTABLE BOOTS.

Special lasts are made and reserved exclusively for each customer.

New customers who cannot favour D. & M. with a personal interview should send outlines of their feet taken standing, or a pair of old boots, as a guide for fitting.

_Illustrated Catalogue Gratis._

DOWIE & MARSHALL,
455, WEST STRAND, LONDON.
_ESTABLISHED 1824._

Sportsmen visiting Norway may procure all
Sporting Requisites
OF
Ludv. TORGERSEN & CO. Ltd.,
STORTHINGSGADEN 4, CHRISTIANIA.

MANUFACTURERS OF
Ice Axes (Norwegian Pattern), Ski and Accessories,
Ski Staffs, Socks, Laupar (Ski) Boots, Mitts,
Lanterns, Coasters, Steering Poles,
Haversacks.

SELECTED STOCK OF BREECHLOADERS AND RIFLES.

ELEY’S AMMUNITION.

Cartridges loaded to order with English Gunpowders and Newcastle Chilled Shot.

Large Assortment of FISHING TACKLE suitable for Fishing in Norway.

CARL JOHANS GADE 5, CHRISTIANIA.

LARSENS VAABENFORRETNING.

MANUFACTURERS OF
SKI,
SKATES,
AND
COASTERS
(TOBOGGANS),

With their accessories of best quality. (The above always kept in stock.)

ENGLISH GUNS.

FISHING RODS and TACKLE.

Eley’s and Kynoch’s Ammunition.

Snow Shoes & ‘Ski’

Trade-Mark REINDEER HEAD.

Made out of the toughest German Ash, in accordance with the best designs and with various bindings (only first-class material used).

Direct from the Factory.

JOSEPH FISCHER,

Freiburg i. B.

SNOW-SHOE AND TOBOGGAN FACTORY.

Wood bent by Steam on the Premises--A speciality for the last 15 years.

RETAILERS RECEIVE A SUITABLE DISCOUNT.

Goods supplied to the German South-pole Expedition, to Home and Continental Military Authorities, and to Post and Forest Officials.

MY GOODS BEAR, WITHOUT EXCEPTION, THE ABOVE TRADE-MARK (REINDEER HEAD).

L. H. HAGEN & CO.,

KIRKEGADEN 19, CHRISTIANIA, NORWAY.

_Largest Assortment of Firearms and Sporting Requisites in Scandinavia._

=SKI=, of various patterns, have all been awarded Gold Medals.

=FASTENINGS=, which have obtained the highest possible awards.

=SKI OUTFITS=, and all requisites connected with Ski-ing,
supplied.

=SKATES=, of Hagen’s celebrated and universally known pattern.

COASTERS, TOBOGGANS, SLEDS.

_Awarded Eleven Gold Medals. Two Grand Prix._

L. H. HAGEN & Co.

TH. HANSEN,

SKI MANUFACTURER.

HAMMERSTADG, 5. Telephone, 8589 CHRISTIANIA.

Ski of his own pattern: Awarded 1st prize. Exporter of Ash and Hickory Ski (varnished or coloured). Ski of best quality always in stock. Maker of the well-known, highly recommended Wax “Record,” to preserve the ski and prevent balling.

ASCHEHOUGS BOGHANDEL,

BOOKSELLER.

English and Foreign Books, Magazines, Periodicals, and Journals.

43, CARL JOHANS GADE, CHRISTIANIA.

THE SWISS SKI.

Made by

RICHARD STAUB, ZURICH.

_TRADE MARK._

MARQUE DÉPOSÉE]

_TRADE MARK._

THE SKI are light and elastic, and are made from the celebrated Swiss mountain ash.

=THE SKI= are fitted with either “Ellefsen’s,” or “Huitfeidt’s.” or the “Model C driving belt” bindings.

_Maker of the original Davos Toboggan, Bandy (ice-hockey) Clubs, &c._

_=LONDON DEPOT=_: With Messrs. A. W. GAMAGE,

HOLBORN.

W. C. MÖLLER,

DRAMMEN, NORWAY,

_FURRIER and MANUFACTURER of REINDEER HAIR LIFEBUOYS for YACHTS_.

CONTRACTOR TO POLAR EXPEDITIONS.

_EQUIPPED_

The National Antarctic Expedition.
Duke of Abruzzi’s, The, Arctic Expedition.
Ziegler’s Arctic Expedition.
Baron Toll’s Arctic Expedition.
Drygalski’s Antarctic Expedition.
Argentine Government’s Antarctic Expedition.
&c., &c.

_SUPPLIES_

Ski-Boots, Socks, Finn Mocassins, Fur Gloves, Leather Jackets, Sleeping Bags, and every kind of Fur Clothing and Requisite for Winter wear, or travelling in cold climates.

AWARDED 6 GOLD and 2 SILVER MEDALS.

THE AUSTRIAN ALPS FOR THE WINTER MONTHS.

=Skating=, =Tobogganing=, =Ski-ing=, =Sleighing=, in short every
winter sport, _par excellence_.

=Innsbruck.= Seat of an English colony. Headquarters of winter
sports. Climate highly recommended by the medical profession.

=Kitzbuehel.= Renowned winter resort.

=St. Anton= (Arlberg). Excellent Ski-ing centre.

=Gossensass.= Every Winter sport.

=Cortina d’Ampezzo.= Eminently suitable for winter sojourn.

=The Semmering=, near Vienna. Highly recommended for winter
sports.

=Meran.= The pearl of Austrian health resorts.

=Salzburg.= Capital and Dukedom. Excellently suited for the
winter.

=Bozen-Gries=, =Trent=, =Rovereto=, =Arco=, =Riva=, &c. Excellent
places for winter sojourn.

=WINTER TOURS TO THE AUSTRIAN ALPS.= For particulars and
pamphlets (free) write or call:--

THE AUSTRIAN TRAVEL & INFORMATION BUREAU,
86, PICCADILLY, LONDON, W.

WILSON LINE.

WINTER SPORTS IN NORWAY.

REDUCED WINTER FARES.

(From 1st October, 1905 to 30th April, 1906.)

FROM =HULL= TO
=CHRISTIANSAND=.
. AND .
=CHRISTIANIA=.

First-class, Single £3 3s. 0d.
” Return £5 5s. 0d.
Second-class, Single £2 10s. 0d.
” Return £4 0s. 0d.
Victualling included.

_Intended Sailings_...

From HULL every FRIDAY evening.

From CHRISTIANIA every FRIDAY, 10 a.m., calling at CHRISTIANSAND
Friday night.

_For further information apply to_

Messrs. The UNITED SHIPPING Co., Ltd., 108, Fenchurch Street,
LONDON, E.C.

Messrs. T. COOK & SON, Ludgate Circus, LONDON, E.C. or to

Messrs. THOS. WILSON, SONS, & Co., Ltd. HULL.

BEFORE PURCHASING SOUVENIRS
BE SURE TO VISIT
BENNETT’S
Photograph and Curiosity Stores.

Unrivalled Stock of Photos, Silver, Fancy Articles,
Guide Books, Maps, Books on Norway, Tauchnitz
Edition, &c.

TRAVELLING AND HOTEL COUPONS ISSUED.

Every Information furnished relative to Travelling in Norway. Money
Exchanged.

THOS. BENNETT &. SONS,
CARL JOHANS GADE 35, CHRISTIANIA.
_By Special Appointment, Dealers to Her Majesty Queen Alexandra._

WILLIAM SCHMIDT,

41, CARL JOHANS GADE,
CHRISTIANIA.

GENTLEMEN’S OUTFITTERS.

SPORTING . REQUISITES . AND . CLOTHING.

H. HORN & Co.
Egertorvet,
CHRISTIANIA.

GENTLEMEN’S OUTFITTERS.

=GRAN HOTEL=, BOLKESJÖ, NORWAY.

Proprietor, M. HAFSTEN.

First-class accommodation. Moderate terms.

Beautifully situated in Telemarken. Most suitable quarters for Ski-ing and Winter Sports. Eight hours from Christiania--rail to Kongsberg, drive thence to Bolkesjö. Telephonic communication with all parts. Highly recommended.

CHAMONIX.

WINTER SEASON.

_The Electric Railway from Le Fayet St. Gervais
to Chamonix is now running the whole year round._

GRAND HOTEL PENSION.

COUTTET et du PARC.

SKI-RUNNING,
SKATING,
TOBOGGANING.

EXTENSIVE ICE RINK IN SUNNY POSITION.

_All small Mountain Excursions may be made
in Winter._

CENTRAL HEATING, ELECTRIC LIGHT.

M. COUTTET, who is himself an enthusiastic Ski-Runner, and has ascended in Winter on Ski the Col du Geant, 11,056ft., the Col du Midi, 11,700ft., and traversed from Chamonix to Zermatt by the High Level Route, &c., is able to give all information concerning the district.

For full particulars apply to the Proprietors,

COUTTET BROTHERS,
Hotel Couttet,
Chamonix, France.

CAUX, ABOVE TERRITET, MONTREUX.
Lake of Geneva, Switzerland.

CAUX PALACE & GRAND HOTEL.

Splendid position, with magnificent view of
the Alps. Central, full south.

_HEATED THROUGHOUT BY STEAM._

Concert three times a day. Grand Balls.
Magnificent Hall.

One of the finest Hotels, With first-rate
Cuisine.

GRINDELWALD.

HOTELS BEAR AND ADLER.

WINTER SPORTS:

SKI-RUNNING, SKATING,
TOBOGGANING, CURLING.

BOSS BROTHERS, Proprietors.

DAVOS PLATZ.

GRAND HOTEL BELVEDERE

IS

The best Hotel for Ski Runners, and the headquarters of the Davos
English Ski Club.

GRAND HOTEL BELVEDERE

HAS

Baths on every floor, and the most modern recently installed
sanitary arrangements.

GRAND HOTEL BELVEDERE

IS

Close to the big Skating Rink, Where the International Skating
Competitions are held.

GRAND HOTEL BELVEDERE

HAS

Electric light throughout, private spring water supply, central
heating, and a rational and well varied cuisine.

GRAND HOTEL BELVEDERE

IS

Close to the Schatz Alp Cable Railway, which takes passengers up
1000 feet in a few minutes.

GRAND HOTEL BELVEDERE

HAS

A large Ball Room, where balls, dances, orchestral concerts, &c.,
are given throughout the winter season.

GRAND HOTEL BELVEDERE
IS
THE BEST HOTEL IN
DAVOS PLATZ.

AUSTRIAN TIROL,
KITZBÜHEL

(_Two hours beyond Innsbruck_).

PENSION SCHLOSS LEBENBERG.

UNDER ENGLISH MANAGEMENT.
OPEN ALL THE YEAR. EXCELLENT CUISINE.
EVERY COMFORT.

As a Ski-ing Centre KITZBÜHEL
_STANDS UNRIVALLED_.

Owing to the formation of the slopes, Kitzbühel has been pronounced by experts to be one of the finest Ski-ing grounds in Europe.

The position of Lebenberg enables Visitors to start in any direction from the Schloss.

The Climate of Kitzbühel is noted for the absence of wind and the amount of sunshine. It is therefore

AN IDEAL WINTER RESORT.

Tobogganing and Skating can also be indulged in.

Sleigh races and Ski-ing competitions are held yearly.

_For Illustrated Prospectus and further particulars apply to the Proprietor_,

_PENSION SCHLOSS LEBENBERG_,

KITZBÜHEL, AUSTRIAN TIROL.

5,000 FEET ABOVE THE SEA.

_Feldberg_ in the _Black Forest_.

Nearest and most favourable Ski-ing ground for England.

Railway Station: TITISEE, via FREIBURG, BADEN.

HOTEL FELDBERGER HOF.

The Hotel contains 150 Rooms, with 200 beds, and has two annexes--The Jaegermattte, with 25 rooms and 40 beds, and the Turm Hotel, with 28 rooms and 48 beds.

SPLENDID SKI-ING COUNTRY.

The Hotel has been greatly enlarged and contains every modern comfort, including electric light, central heating throughout, lift, billiard-room, skittle-alley, beer-room, drying-rooms, store-room for ski, two baths in every storey, and suites of rooms.

Pension Prices for a six days’ stay.

Tobogganing road to Titisee.

Post and Telegraph Office on the Premises. Telegraphic Address: “Feldberg, Schwarzwald.”

Proprietors:
MAYER AND SCHLADERER.

_CURHAUS-DAVOS_,
DAVOS-PLATZ,
SWITZERLAND.

INTERNATIONAL HOTEL.

_Board and Lodging for 8 shillings and upwards._

ALPINE SPORT.

SKI-ING, TOBOGGANING, SKATING.

_DAVOS DORF, SWITZERLAND,
FLUELA POST AND SPORT HOTEL._

Exclusively reserved for Sportsmen
and through Travellers.

NO ACCOMMODATION FOR INVALIDS.

PROSPECTUS WITH TERMS ON APPLICATION.
=A. GREDIG SON=, _Proprietor_.

“SKI” & “ALPINER WINTERSPORT”

Edited by H. A. TANNER, Basle, Switzerland.

“=SKI.=”--The illustrated official organ of all the Ski Clubs in
Central Europe. Correspondence from all parts of the world.

“=ALPINER WINTERSPORT.=”--A journal dealing with all Winter
Sports. Published in English, French, German, and Italian, and
read by members of the various English colonies on the Continent.
English correspondence is always welcome.

=BOTH PAPERS= are forwarded together, and may be obtained through
every Bookseller and Post-Office; or from the Editor in Basle.

LIGHT AND FIRM.

Ellefsen’s Binding

SIMPLE AND STRONG.

NORWEGIAN WINTER SPORTS.

Direct, convenient, and economical route from England to =Christiania= (the centre for all Norwegian winter sports) by the magnificent Mail and Passenger Steamers

“=Sovereign=” and “=Sterling=,”

sailing from =Newcastle= (Tyne Dock) every Friday evening. Fare £3 3s. 0d. single or £5 5s. 0d. return, inclusive of victualling.

FOR FURTHER PARTICULARS APPLY TO THE AGENTS:--
P. H. MATTHIESSEN & CO., NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE.
_Telegraphic Address: “Matthiessen.”_

SHEW CAMERAS.

- THE -TELE-XIT.

A Half-plate Camera which can be carried without fatigue, opened without complications, closed as a =box, measures only 8 by 5 by 2 ins.=, and perfectly rigid at full extension.

The Pocket XIT. 4¼ by 3¼ ins. from £6 6s.

“For SIMPLICITY, LIGHTNESS, and RANGE OF SUBJECTS for which it
can be used, I think the XIT cannot be beaten.”

SEE NEW LIST FOR 1906 FREE OF:--

=J. F. SHEW & Co.=, Manufacturers and Patentees
of Specialities in Photographic
Appliances.
=NEWMAN ST.=, 4 Doors off Oxford St., =LONDON, W.=

FOOTNOTES:

[Footnote 1: _Ski_ is really the same word as the English _skid_, meaning a slide, or something to slide upon, the affinity being even greater in the Swedish term _skid_ (plural, _skidor_), meaning slides or skates. Originally it doubtless springs from the Finnish _subsi_ or _suksi_, by which appellation the ski were probably known long before their introduction to Scandinavia.]

[Footnote 2: “W.T.,” _T.P.’s Weekly_, p. 226, Feb., 1904.]

[Footnote 3: Scandinavian _skrïde_ = to slide, glide, slip.]

[Footnote 4: The names of the best known of these Telemarkings were, Knut Olafsen Haugen, Aasmund Brække, Sveinung Svalastoga, and the “Hemmestvedt gutter” (Torjus and Mikkel Hemmestvedt).--ED.]

[Footnote 5: Probably also on most of our own mountains.]

[Footnote 6: To judge by the number of utterly foolish bindings on the market, this is a point which usually escapes the inventor-novice.]

[Footnote 7: Look at the frontispiece for an example of first-class level-running.]

[Footnote 8: In competitions the jump is measured from the point where the runner leaves the ground to the middle of the deepest part of the impression which his ski make on alighting.]

[Footnote 9: The ski which are suitable for ordinary excursions on undulating ground are not necessarily equally useful for long mountain climbs. In the one case ski-running pure and simple is the object in view, in the other the ski are merely a means to an end--the ascent of some difficult summit or pass. Some remarks as to the kind of instrument which may be found serviceable for the latter purpose are to be found at p. 34, and in the chapter on “Aids to Climbing.”--ED.]

[Footnote 10: This, perhaps, scarcely goes far enough. The outfit suitable for undulating wooded ground on which a runner may attain to great skill is not equally serviceable high up. In particular, a cap covering most of the face and neck, smoked glasses or the simple arrangement described on p. 50, a light wind-jacket of some sort, extra-thick gloves, extra-thick socks, and extra-stout nailed boots are essential. The runner should accustom himself to carrying a large heavy rucksack, which is a disagreeable, but, alas! an indispensable, companion on a long mountain tour.--ED.]

[Footnote 11: The exact figures are not as yet settled, and are given--39·37043196 39·37079, 39·37008, &c.]

[Transcriber’s Note:

The Contents reference to “Side stepping ... Page 69” erroneously refers to “SIDE-SLIPPING” on Page 69.

Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation are as in the original.]